Aeolian Research最新文献_第3页

Atmospheric dust: cluster based frequency and intensity projections in Central Asia under SSP scenarios 大气尘埃：SSP情景下中亚基于簇的频率和强度预估

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101009

Ali Mozhdehi Fard , Parya Broomandi , Mehdi Bagheri , Nick Middleton , Dorna Gholamzade Ledari , Aram Fathian , Sadjad Shafiei , Michael Leuchner , Jong Ryeol Kim

Atmospheric dust significantly influences regional and global climate systems, especially in the arid and semi-arid regions of Central Asia (CA), where it impacts air quality, visibility, and human health. This study provides the first comprehensive spatiotemporal analysis of future dust levels in CA using aerosol optical thickness (AOT) under climate change scenarios to support effective adaptation and mitigation efforts. Multi-ensemble CMIP6 models show notable variability across six clusters under SSP2–4.5 and SSP5–8.5. In the near-future, localized increases are observed—for example, Cluster 1, covering the flat, lowland regions of northern Kazakhstan, shows an annual slope of 0.61 under SSP2–4.5, while Cluster 3, which includes the northwestern lowlands near the Caspian Sea and the mountainous southeastern regions of CA, shows a slight decline of −0.14 under SSP5–8.5. By the far-future, under SSP5–8.5, Cluster 1 shows a sharp decline (slope = -3.94), while Cluster 3 experiences a moderate decrease of −2.31.

Projections also indicate a strong rise in low-intensity events, particularly in Cluster 1, with a 137.1% increase under SSP5–8.5, reaching 32,432 annual events by 2100. In contrast, high-intensity events are expected to decline, especially in Cluster 2 (southern Kazakhstan desert and semi-desert areas), which is projected to experience a 47.7% decrease under SSP5–8.5. These findings show that SSP2–4.5 favors stabilization by moderating extremes, while SSP5–8.5 increases variability and localized dust intensification. The results offer key insights for guiding targeted mitigation and adaptation strategies to address dust-related environmental and societal challenges in CA.

大气沙尘对区域和全球气候系统产生重大影响，特别是在中亚的干旱和半干旱地区，它影响空气质量、能见度和人类健康。本研究首次利用气溶胶光学厚度（AOT）对气候变化情景下CA未来粉尘水平进行了全面的时空分析，以支持有效的适应和减缓努力。多系综CMIP6模式在SSP2-4.5和SSP5-8.5下显示出显著的变化。在不久的将来，观测到局部的增加，例如，覆盖哈萨克斯坦北部平坦低地地区的集群1在SSP2-4.5下的年斜率为0.61，而包括里海附近的西北低地和CA东南部山区的集群3在SSP5-8.5下的年斜率为- 0.14。从长远来看，在SSP5-8.5下，聚类1急剧下降（斜率= -3.94），而聚类3则适度下降（斜率为- 2.31）。预测结果还表明，低强度事件，特别是在群集1中，在SSP5-8.5下增加137.1%，到2100年达到每年32,432次。相比之下，高强度事件预计将减少，特别是在第2组（哈萨克斯坦南部沙漠和半沙漠地区），预计在SSP5-8.5下将减少47.7%。这些结果表明，SSP2-4.5有利于通过缓和极端事件来实现稳定，而SSP5-8.5则增加了变异性和局部沙尘强度。这些结果为指导有针对性的缓解和适应战略提供了关键见解，以解决CA与粉尘相关的环境和社会挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial and temporal variability of surface dust concentration in western Crete (Greece) – Development of a monitoring network 克里特岛西部（希腊）地表尘埃浓度的时空变化——监测网络的发展

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101005

Simon Bitzan , Fabian Kirsten , Georgios E. Christidis , Pagona Makri , Kerstin Schepanski

The influence of long-range dust on soils and different ecological processes in deposition regions in the eastern Mediterranean depends primarily on the deposited amounts and therefore on transport dynamics, while its geochemical and mineralogical composition also plays an important role. As local distributions cannot be fully represented and analyzed by satellite data due to its relatively coarse spatial and temporal resolution, ground truth data is required. For this purpose, a network of eight sampling/monitoring stations was installed around the Lefka Ori mountains in western Crete (Greece), each equipped with a deposition sampler and an optical-particle-counter in order to detect the spatial variability in dust concentration and deposition.

Measured dust concentrations for the period from March 2023 to April 2024 show significant differences between the individual site locations. By comparison with meteorological data, correlations with wind directions can be identified. Thereby, wind directions during dust events generally differ significantly between stations. Furthermore, we are able to differentiate between a fine-grained (< 1 μm in diameter) background dust load and event-based coarser-grained (1–10 μm) dust loads as well as between synoptically and regionally induced dust events. First results of mineralogical analysis clearly identify the deposited fine material to be of north African origin, indicated by the presence of kaolinite, sepiolite and palygorskite.

In combination with high-resolution meteorological data, the measurement design allows for the differentiation between the influences of synoptic and local to regional conditions and therefore contributes to a detailed understanding of dust distribution in western Crete.

东地中海沉积区远距离粉尘对土壤和不同生态过程的影响主要取决于沉积量，因此取决于输送动力学，同时其地球化学和矿物学组成也起着重要作用。由于卫星数据的时空分辨率相对较粗，无法充分表征和分析局部分布，因此需要地面真值数据。为此目的，在克里特岛西部（希腊）的Lefka Ori山脉周围安装了一个由8个采样/监测站组成的网络，每个监测站都配备了一个沉积采样器和一个光学粒子计数器，以便探测尘埃浓度和沉积的空间变动性。2023年3月至2024年4月期间测量的粉尘浓度在各个站点位置之间存在显著差异。通过与气象资料的比较，可以确定与风向的相关性。因此，在沙尘事件期间，各个站点之间的风向通常差别很大。此外，我们能够区分细粒度（直径1 μm）背景粉尘负荷和基于事件的粗粒度（1 - 10 μm）粉尘负荷，以及天气和区域诱导的粉尘事件。矿物学分析的初步结果清楚地表明，沉积的细粒物质来自北非，高岭石、海泡石和坡缕石的存在表明了这一点。结合高分辨率的气象数据，测量设计可以区分天气条件和地方到区域条件的影响，因此有助于详细了解克里特岛西部的粉尘分布。

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引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal dynamics and evolution of wind-sand along the Jiangjunmiao-Naomaohu Railway: Insights into patterns of wind-sand hazards based on a two-year field monitoring and mitigation exploration 蒋军庙—直毛湖铁路风沙时空动态与演变——基于2年野外监测与减灾探索的风沙灾害模式

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101004

Yupeng Shen , Lin Wang , Jamlick Kariuki , Xuedong Zhang , Zhisheng Liu , Yunxi Han , Dongtao Zhang , Shunyuan Zhong

The spatiotemporal dynamics of wind-sand along railway lines and the underlying evolution patterns of wind-sand hazards form the foundation for hazard prevention in wind-sand regions. Utilising a self-developed field wind-sand monitoring system, this study conducted a two-year comprehensive monitoring of wind-sand activity along the Jiangjunmiao-Naomaohu Railway (JNR). The main results are as follows: The abundant sand supply is the principal driver of the significant increase in aeolian sand suspension along the JNR. The sediment transport in regions with abundant sand sources is 1300–1900% higher than in areas with scarce sand sources, demonstrating pronounced seasonal and temporal variations in wind-sand hazards. Wind speed and frequency are the dominant factors in evaluating the severity of wind-sand hazards in the study area. High-frequency strong winds exacerbate higher-grade wind-sand hazards along the railway line. Compared to sandy gobi, railway sections characterized by gravel gobi geomorphology exhibit more severe wind-sand hazard features, including increased fine particle leap heights and higher wind speeds. However, a favourable trend is also observed, with reduced sediment transport, insufficient temporal variability, and a decline in the severity of wind-sand hazards. Influenced by the Westerlies, the wind direction along the railway is predominantly unidirectional, primarily oriented towards NW, WNW, W, and WSW, providing critical insights for developing effective windblown sand mitigation strategies. Based on the above results, this study proposes a sustainable and eco-friendly windbreak and sand fixation system to address wind-sand hazards along the JNR effectively. The system aims to ensure the safety of railway transportation and promote sustainable development.

铁路沿线风沙时空动态特征和风沙灾害的演变规律为风沙区风沙灾害防治提供了基础。利用自主开发的野外风沙监测系统，对军庙至直毛湖铁路沿线风沙活动进行了为期两年的综合监测。研究结果表明：丰富的沙源是青藏高原风沙悬浮量显著增加的主要驱动因素；沙源丰富地区的输沙量比沙源稀少地区高1300 ~ 1900%，风沙灾害表现出明显的季节和时间变化。风速和频率是评价研究区风沙灾害严重程度的主导因子。高频强风加剧了铁路沿线的高等级风沙灾害。与沙质戈壁相比，砾石戈壁地形特征的铁路路段表现出更严重的风沙危害特征，包括细粒跳跃高度增加和风速增加。然而，也观察到有利的趋势，泥沙输运减少，时间变率不足，风沙灾害的严重程度下降。受西风带的影响，铁路沿线的风向以单向为主，主要为NW、WNW、W和WSW，这为制定有效的风沙治理策略提供了重要的见解。在此基础上，本研究提出了可持续生态的防风固沙系统，以有效解决JNR沿线的风沙危害。该制度旨在确保铁路运输的安全，促进可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

Estimation of secondary dune density in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert 塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地次生沙丘密度的估算

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101003

Mingyu Wang , Huoqing Li , Yongqiang Liu

The secondary dune density is a crucial parameter for studying desert surface characteristics and monitoring the development of sand ridges. It provides an effective means to describe the distribution of regional secondary dunes. However, there is currently no effective method for estimating dune density, particularly for secondary dunes that are attached to large sand ridges, which are often overlooked due to their smaller scale. Therefore, this study presents a more effective method for estimating secondary dune density by utilizing Google Earth images and the YOLOv8s algorithm. This study utilizes Google Earth images from the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert to construct a secondary dune identification dataset. Based on the dataset, we train and validate the secondary dune identification model to estimate secondary dune density. The research results indicate that the model achieved an average precision (AP50) of 63.58 % for secondary dune identification, outperforming other baseline algorithms. Furthermore, the dune identification model successfully identified a total of 18,208 secondary dunes within the verification area. The model demonstrated a higher predictive capability for secondary dune densities in the Taklimakan Desert hinterland, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.89 between estimated and observed values. The mean absolute error (MAE) was 20.94 km⁻², and the root mean square error (RMSE) was 25.04 km⁻². Crucially, the accuracy of the secondary density estimation is highly dependent on the precise delineation of dune outlines, crest lines, dune arcs, and ridge lines from the imagery. The method for estimating secondary dune density proposed in this study overcomes the limitations of existing research and provides new insights into the evolutionary processes of aeolian dunes.

次生沙丘密度是研究沙漠地表特征和监测沙脊发育的重要参数。它为描述区域次生沙丘的分布提供了一种有效的手段。然而，目前还没有有效的沙丘密度估算方法，特别是对于依附于大型沙脊的次级沙丘，由于其规模较小，往往被忽视。因此，本研究提出了一种更有效的利用谷歌地球影像和YOLOv8s算法估算次生沙丘密度的方法。本研究利用塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的谷歌地球影像，构建了二次沙丘识别数据集。在此基础上，对二次沙丘识别模型进行训练和验证，以估计二次沙丘密度。研究结果表明，该模型识别次生沙丘的平均精度（AP50）为63.58%，优于其他基准算法。此外，该沙丘识别模型成功识别了验证区内共18208个次生沙丘。该模型对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地次生沙丘密度具有较高的预测能力，预测值与实测值的决定系数（R2）为0.89。平均绝对误差（MAE）为20.94 km−2，均方根误差（RMSE）为25.04 km−2。至关重要的是，二次密度估计的准确性高度依赖于从图像中精确描绘沙丘轮廓、峰顶线、沙丘弧和山脊线。本文提出的次生沙丘密度估算方法克服了现有研究的局限性，为研究风成沙丘的演化过程提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Validation of a 10-meter wind in simulating a dust event in northwestern Iran mountains (October 28–31, 2017) 10米风在伊朗西北部山区沙尘事件模拟中的验证（2017年10月28-31日）

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101002

Elham Mobarak Hassan , Mahnaz Karimkhani , Noushin Khoddam , Jeff Sepehri

This study evaluates the performance of the WRF-Chem model in simulating near-surface winds in Northwest Iran, a region prone to dust events due to its high mountains and diverse structures. Using data from October 28 to 31, 2017, the study first examines dust conditions through visibility and satellite images. The model’s accuracy in simulating 10-meter wind speed and direction in three nested with the MYJ and YSU boundary layer schemes is then assessed against observational data. Results indicate that the primary source of dust on October 29 was desert areas in Iraq and northern Saudi Arabia, with the dust mass transported to Northwest Iran. The study observes the highest intensity and duration of the dust moving from southwest to northeast within the area. The WRF-Chem model shows good performance in simulating wind speed and direction, with the MYJ scheme performing better than YSU in a selected dust case in northern west of Iran. The study also highlights that while improving resolution enhances station altitude values, it alone does not significantly improve model results. In this case, the utilization of a two-way ANOVA revealed that the boundary layer affects the accuracy of 10-meter wind speed estimation at different stations. These findings underscore the importance of considering boundary layer schemes and mountain characteristics in improving the accuracy of models simulating wind patterns in mountainous regions. The WRF-Chem model adequately simulates wind direction in this region, especially when the dominant wind direction at a station falls within a specific geographical dominant sector.

本研究评估了WRF-Chem模式在模拟伊朗西北部近地面风方面的性能，该地区由于其高山和多种结构而容易发生沙尘事件。该研究使用了2017年10月28日至31日的数据，首先通过能见度和卫星图像检查了尘埃状况。然后根据观测资料评估了该模式在MYJ和YSU边界层方案的三个嵌套中模拟10米风速和风向的精度。结果表明：10月29日沙尘的主要来源是伊拉克和沙特阿拉伯北部的沙漠地区，沙尘团向伊朗西北部输送。研究发现，沙尘在该区域内由西南向东北移动的强度和持续时间最高。WRF-Chem模式在模拟风速和风向方面表现出较好的效果，其中MYJ方案在伊朗西部北部沙尘条件下的模拟效果优于YSU方案。研究还强调，虽然提高分辨率可以提高站高值，但仅提高分辨率并不能显著改善模型结果。在这种情况下，利用双向方差分析发现，边界层影响不同站点10米风速估计的精度。这些发现强调了考虑边界层方案和山地特征对提高山区风型模拟模式精度的重要性。WRF-Chem模式充分模拟了该地区的风向，特别是当一个站点的主导风向落在特定的地理主导扇区内时。

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引用次数: 0

Changes in aeolian saltation cloud properties with wind speed and ripples 风成跃迁云特性随风速和波纹的变化

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100996

Madeline M. Kelley , Ian J. Walker , Mark Schmeeckle , Christy Swann , Ron Dorn , Micheala Roberts , Patrick O’Brien

Aeolian sediment transport shapes landscapes on Earth and other planetary surfaces, yet key uncertainties remain in how the near-bed saltation cloud responds to changing wind and surface conditions. Leveraging recent advances in image-based particle tracking, we conducted wind tunnel experiments using high-speed imaging and Particle Tracking Velocimetry to quantify sand grain trajectories in saturated saltation clouds over both flat and rippled beds. Our open-source PTV workflow resolved particle motions within millimeters of the bed across a range of wind speeds. Supporting previous results, we find that mean particle velocities do not scale linearly with wind speed; instead, changes in particle velocity distributions—including skewness and kurtosis—emerge as wind strength and sediment flux increase. At higher transport rates, distinctions among saltation, reptation, and creep within the particle distribution become more smoothed, suggesting a continuum spectrum of particle behavior rather than discrete transport modes. Our new dataset of particle trajectories over an active rippled bed shows distinctions in particle speed across the aspects. On ripple stoss slopes, fast saltating grains co-occur with slow creeping particles, while lee slopes are depleted of slower grains, consistent with shadowing effects. These observations support a feedback between ripple morphology and near-bed particle trajectories, with implications for how splash events redistribute sediment momentum. This study contributes new high-resolution empirical data that illuminate how saltation cloud structure evolves with wind forcing and bedform development, advancing our understanding of aeolian sediment transport under complex, dynamic conditions.

风成沉积物的运输塑造了地球和其他行星表面的景观，但关键的不确定性仍然存在于近床跃迁云如何响应不断变化的风和地面条件。利用基于图像的颗粒跟踪技术的最新进展，我们利用高速成像和颗粒跟踪测速技术进行了风洞实验，量化了平坦和波纹床上饱和跃动云中沙粒的轨迹。我们的开源PTV工作流程在风速范围内解决了距离床毫米范围内的粒子运动。支持先前的结果，我们发现平均粒子速度不与风速成线性关系；相反，粒子速度分布的变化——包括偏度和峰度——随着风强度和泥沙通量的增加而出现。在较高的输运速率下，粒子分布中的跳跃、重复和蠕变之间的区别变得更加平滑，这表明粒子行为的连续谱而不是离散的输运模式。我们在一个活跃的波纹床上的粒子轨迹的新数据集显示了粒子速度在各个方面的区别。在波纹坡上，快速跳跃的颗粒与缓慢爬行的颗粒同时出现，而背风坡上则没有较慢的颗粒，这与阴影效应一致。这些观测结果支持波纹形态和近床颗粒轨迹之间的反馈，并暗示飞溅事件如何重新分配沉积物动量。该研究提供了新的高分辨率经验数据，阐明了跃迁云结构如何随着风强迫和地形发展而演变，促进了我们对复杂动态条件下风成沙输运的理解。

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引用次数: 0

Arid Shrubland: A growing dust source? 干旱灌木丛：一个不断增长的尘埃来源？

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100998

Heleen C. Vos , Emanuel Vogel , Johanna R. von Holdt , Wolfgang Fister , Frank D. Eckardt , Janine I. Gugger , Eliane C. Hofstetter , Nikolaus J. Kuhn

The west coast of South Africa is an arid region that has been shown to be emissive, but its dust sources have never been studied in detail. In this study, we present a dataset of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-detected dust source points in this region from 2000 to 2021 and the surface characteristics of these points. The results elucidate that most dust source points are located on Succulent Karoo shrublands, mining areas, or bare areas. Furthermore, the data show a significant increase in dust source points, which could mainly be attributed to shrublands becoming more emissive as a response to a prolonged drought from 2017 onwards. The Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI), and albedo-based roughness indication (ωns) of the study area confirmed a decrease in vegetation during this five-year drought. Understanding such tipping points for dust emissions as a result of drought and anthropogenic land use is relevant to understanding the future dust load.

南非西海岸是一个干旱地区，已被证明是有排放的，但其粉尘来源从未被详细研究过。在本研究中，我们提供了2000 - 2021年该地区MODIS中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）探测的尘埃点数据集和这些尘埃点的地表特征。结果表明，卡鲁多肉灌丛地、矿区和裸地是主要的粉尘源。此外，数据显示，粉尘源点显著增加，这主要是由于自2017年以来，由于长期干旱，灌木地的排放量增加。标准化植被差异指数（NDVI）、改良土壤调整植被指数（MSAVI）和基于反照率的粗糙度指数（ωns）均证实了5年干旱期间研究区植被的减少。了解干旱和人为土地利用导致的粉尘排放的临界点与了解未来的粉尘负荷有关。

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引用次数: 0

The influence of foredune geometry on wind flow quantified from computational fluid dynamics simulations 计算流体动力学模拟量化了前丘几何形状对风的影响

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101001

Saeb Faraji Gargari, Derek Karssenberg, Gerben Ruessink

Wind flow over a coastal foredune is driven by a complex interplay of dune geometry, sand transport, and vegetation dynamics. While previous studies have explored the influence of foredune geometry and wind direction on wind flow, their combined effects remain underexplored. This study employs 3D computational fluid dynamics to investigate the impact of foredune height, stoss slope, and incident wind direction on wind flow along the seaward side. Model accuracy was validated against field measurements, then used to simulate wind flow over an idealized foredune with varying heights and slopes across 11 wind directions. Results show that foredune height has the strongest influence on flow speed-up and directional deviations. The highest (25 m) and steepest (1:2) dune experiences the largest speed-up (12) under shore-normal winds, decreasing to 4 for a 1:4 slope and to 1 for alongshore winds. For a 6 m high foredune, speed-up remains around 2, dropping to 1 only for highly oblique winds. Angle deviations across the foredune peak at 30 to 60° wind incidence, and can be up to 20° at the dune toe and crest for the highest and steepest foredune in the simulations. This study demonstrates how combined dune geometry properties – specifically height and slope – along with the incident wind direction influence wind speed-up over foredunes. These findings improve our understanding of sand transport, coastal dune evolution, and artificial dune design, particularly in anticipation of future work that will couple wind flow models with sediment transport models to assess morphological changes under varying wind conditions.

沿海前沙丘上的风流是由沙丘几何形状、沙输运和植被动态等复杂的相互作用驱动的。虽然以往的研究已经探讨了前丘几何形状和风向对风流动的影响，但它们的综合作用尚未得到充分的探讨。采用三维计算流体力学方法研究了前丘高度、坡面坡度和入射风向对向海侧风向的影响。通过现场测量验证了模型的准确性，然后用于模拟在11个风向上具有不同高度和坡度的理想前沙丘上的风流。结果表明，前丘高度对水流加速和方向偏差的影响最大。最高（25米）和最陡（1:2）的沙丘在海岸正常风下加速最大（12），在1:4坡度下加速为4，在沿岸风下加速为1。对于6米高的前沙丘，加速保持在2左右，只有在高度斜风时才降至1。在30 ~ 60°风入射角范围内，前沙丘峰顶的角度偏差最大，在最高和最陡的前沙丘峰顶和沙丘脚趾的角度偏差最大可达20°。本研究展示了沙丘的几何特性-特别是高度和坡度-以及入射风向如何影响前沙丘上的风速加速。这些发现提高了我们对沙输运、海岸沙丘演化和人工沙丘设计的理解，特别是对未来将风流模型与泥沙输运模型相结合以评估不同风条件下形态变化的工作的预期。

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引用次数: 0

Off-season wind-induced soil erosion from potato fields under varying bedding preparations 不同垫层条件下马铃薯田淡季风致土壤侵蚀

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101000

Matt Ball , Guillermo Hernandez-Ramirez , Rezvan Karimi Dehkordi , Willemijn Appels , Sheng Li

Annually, global soil erosion is estimated at 75 billion tonnes, costing approximately US$400 billion in lost agricultural productivity, highlighting the economic and environmental significance of effective soil management. Potato fields are particularly susceptible to wind erosion during the off-season, due to extensive soil exposure. In Southern Alberta, fall bedding is a common management practice, involving bedding preparation in the fall rather than spring. Fall bedding presents logistical and economic advantages to producers, but it may increase the risk of off-season wind erosion due to increased soil disturbance. To investigate this, wind erosion was measured using Modified Wilson and Cook (MWAC) samplers and modelled with the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) model across three off-seasons (2021–2024) at the Lethbridge Polytechnic Irrigation Demo Farm. Rates of wind-induced soil erosion were evaluated under three bedding types: spring bedding, spring bedding following a winter cover crop, and fall bedding. The measured and modelled rates indicate that fall bedding experienced the greatest rates of wind-induced erosion across all three off-season periods. On average, off-season wind-induced erosion under fall bedding was 20 times higher than that under both spring beddings. The study found that the WEPS model closely aligns with measured data, showing high model accuracy (R² = 0.9327, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) = 0.9058). Statistical analyses revealed significant differences in erosion rates across bedding types (P < 0.05), with fall bedding consistently leading to higher erosion. The benefits of winter cover crops prior to spring bedding were less pronounced, suggesting that winter cover cropping may offer minimal additional erosion reduction compared to spring bedding alone when following a cereal crop. These findings advocate for the adoption of spring bedding to reduce off-season wind erosion and its associated economic and environmental costs. The results also underscore the importance of considering both economic and long-term sustainability when selecting bedding practices in potato cultivation.

据估计，全球每年的土壤侵蚀量为750亿吨，农业生产力损失约为4000亿美元，这凸显了有效土壤管理的经济和环境意义。由于大面积的土壤暴露，马铃薯田在淡季特别容易受到风蚀。在阿尔伯塔省南部，秋季床上用品是一种常见的管理做法，包括在秋季而不是春季准备床上用品。秋季垫层为生产者提供了物流和经济优势，但由于土壤扰动增加，它可能增加淡季风蚀的风险。为了研究这一点，在莱斯布里奇理工学院灌溉示范农场，使用改良威尔逊和库克（MWAC）采样器测量了风蚀，并使用风蚀预测系统（WEPS）模型模拟了三个非季节（2021-2024）的风蚀。在三种层理下评估了风蚀率：春季层理、冬季覆盖作物后的春季层理和秋季层理。测量和模拟的速率表明，在所有三个淡季期间，秋季垫层经历了最大的风蚀速率。平均而言，秋季层理下的淡季风蚀是春季层理下的20倍。研究发现，WEPS模型与实测数据吻合较好，模型精度较高（R2 = 0.9327， Nash-Sutcliffe效率(NSE) = 0.9058）。统计分析显示，不同层理类型的侵蚀速率存在显著差异（P < 0.05），而落层理始终导致更高的侵蚀。在春季垫层之前种植冬季覆盖作物的好处不太明显，这表明与单独种植春季垫层相比，在谷物作物之后种植冬季覆盖作物可能提供最小的额外侵蚀减少。这些发现提倡采用春季垫层来减少淡季风蚀及其相关的经济和环境成本。结果还强调了在马铃薯种植中选择床上措施时考虑经济和长期可持续性的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Field measurement of glyphosate and AMPA in the deposited sediment on the central-semiarid region of Argentina 阿根廷中部半干旱区沉积沉积物中草甘膦和AMPA的野外测量

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100999

F. Avecilla , J.E. Panebianco , L.A. de Oro , V.C. Aparicio , M.J. Mendez

In the central semiarid region of Argentina (CSRA), agricultural soils coexist with remaining patches of native forest. Glyphosate is used on agricultural soils, but the presence of glyphosate and its main metabolite (aminomethylphosphonic acid, AMPA) in fallen dust have not been evaluated in the CSRA. The presence and concentration of glyphosate and AMPA were evaluated in the sediment collected in a forest patch (FR) and on a surrounding agricultural soil (AG) during 2021. Glyphosate and AMPA were detected in all samples of sediments on FR and AG. The concentration of glyphosate in the sediment ranged from 16.8 to 192.7 μg kg⁻¹ and the concentration of AMPA ranged from 31.9 to 210.3 μg kg⁻¹. Sediment deposited on AG showed a higher concentration of glyphosate and AMPA than that deposited on FR. The highest concentrations of glyphosate and AMPA were found in the second semester of the year (spring and early summer), when glyphosate is used intensively for weed control and wind erosion risk is higher. Our results show that the sediment generated by wind erosion, rural traffic and tillage could be a route for glyphosate and AMPA to enter into ecosystems and areas where the herbicide is not used.

在阿根廷中部半干旱地区（CSRA），农业土壤与残存的原始森林共存。草甘膦用于农业土壤，但在CSRA中尚未评估降尘中草甘膦及其主要代谢物（氨甲基膦酸，AMPA）的存在。对2021年在森林斑块（FR）和周围农业土壤（AG）收集的沉积物中草甘膦和AMPA的存在和浓度进行了评估。FR和AG沉积物样品中均检测到草甘膦和AMPA。沉积物中草甘膦浓度在16.8 ~ 192.7 μ kg−1之间，AMPA浓度在31.9 ~ 210.3 μ kg−1之间。AG上沉积的草甘膦和AMPA浓度高于FR上沉积的草甘膦和AMPA浓度。草甘膦和AMPA浓度最高的季节是春季和初夏，此时草甘膦用于杂草防治，风蚀风险较高。我们的研究结果表明，风蚀、农村交通和耕作产生的沉积物可能是草甘膦和AMPA进入未使用除草剂的生态系统和地区的途径。

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引用次数: 0