Aeolian Research最新文献_第3页

Atmospheric dust: cluster based frequency and intensity projections in Central Asia under SSP scenarios 大气尘埃：SSP情景下中亚基于簇的频率和强度预估

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101009

Ali Mozhdehi Fard , Parya Broomandi , Mehdi Bagheri , Nick Middleton , Dorna Gholamzade Ledari , Aram Fathian , Sadjad Shafiei , Michael Leuchner , Jong Ryeol Kim

Atmospheric dust significantly influences regional and global climate systems, especially in the arid and semi-arid regions of Central Asia (CA), where it impacts air quality, visibility, and human health. This study provides the first comprehensive spatiotemporal analysis of future dust levels in CA using aerosol optical thickness (AOT) under climate change scenarios to support effective adaptation and mitigation efforts. Multi-ensemble CMIP6 models show notable variability across six clusters under SSP2–4.5 and SSP5–8.5. In the near-future, localized increases are observed—for example, Cluster 1, covering the flat, lowland regions of northern Kazakhstan, shows an annual slope of 0.61 under SSP2–4.5, while Cluster 3, which includes the northwestern lowlands near the Caspian Sea and the mountainous southeastern regions of CA, shows a slight decline of −0.14 under SSP5–8.5. By the far-future, under SSP5–8.5, Cluster 1 shows a sharp decline (slope = -3.94), while Cluster 3 experiences a moderate decrease of −2.31.

Projections also indicate a strong rise in low-intensity events, particularly in Cluster 1, with a 137.1% increase under SSP5–8.5, reaching 32,432 annual events by 2100. In contrast, high-intensity events are expected to decline, especially in Cluster 2 (southern Kazakhstan desert and semi-desert areas), which is projected to experience a 47.7% decrease under SSP5–8.5. These findings show that SSP2–4.5 favors stabilization by moderating extremes, while SSP5–8.5 increases variability and localized dust intensification. The results offer key insights for guiding targeted mitigation and adaptation strategies to address dust-related environmental and societal challenges in CA.

大气沙尘对区域和全球气候系统产生重大影响，特别是在中亚的干旱和半干旱地区，它影响空气质量、能见度和人类健康。本研究首次利用气溶胶光学厚度（AOT）对气候变化情景下CA未来粉尘水平进行了全面的时空分析，以支持有效的适应和减缓努力。多系综CMIP6模式在SSP2-4.5和SSP5-8.5下显示出显著的变化。在不久的将来，观测到局部的增加，例如，覆盖哈萨克斯坦北部平坦低地地区的集群1在SSP2-4.5下的年斜率为0.61，而包括里海附近的西北低地和CA东南部山区的集群3在SSP5-8.5下的年斜率为- 0.14。从长远来看，在SSP5-8.5下，聚类1急剧下降（斜率= -3.94），而聚类3则适度下降（斜率为- 2.31）。预测结果还表明，低强度事件，特别是在群集1中，在SSP5-8.5下增加137.1%，到2100年达到每年32,432次。相比之下，高强度事件预计将减少，特别是在第2组（哈萨克斯坦南部沙漠和半沙漠地区），预计在SSP5-8.5下将减少47.7%。这些结果表明，SSP2-4.5有利于通过缓和极端事件来实现稳定，而SSP5-8.5则增加了变异性和局部沙尘强度。这些结果为指导有针对性的缓解和适应战略提供了关键见解，以解决CA与粉尘相关的环境和社会挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Origin and late pleistocene to early holocene activity of albany pine bush dune field, New York, northeastern USA 美国东北部纽约奥尔巴尼松丛沙丘场的起源及晚更新世至全新世早期的活动

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100992

S.A. Wolfe , D. Franzi , B. Carl , N. Ferguson , B. Woronko , D. Chmielowska-Michalak , G. Pantoja , M. Schaarschmidt , O.B. Lian , A. Gontz , N. Gifford

Well-preserved stabilized parabolic dunes occur in the Albany Pine Bush (APB), New York State, northeastern USA. This area was glaciated by the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) and subsequently inundated by glacial Lake Albany until ∼ 13.0 ka. Glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine deposits provided source sediments for dunes, which migrated towards the east-southeast. This integrated study addresses the morphology, grain mineralogy and micromorphology, stratigraphy, and chronology of a stabilized parabolic dune in the APB. The dune was active from 12.5–11.0 ka and was formed from locally-derived fluvial sediments that are slightly older (ca. 13.3–12.5 ka). The dune sands and underlying fluvial sediments are both texturally and mineralogically similar. Micromorphological analyses indicate that the dune quartz grains exhibit few characteristics typical of eolian transport, but inherently retain features of subaqueous origin. Consequently, both the distance and the duration of eolian transport during dune construction were very short. Dune stabilization coincided with the end of the Younger Dryas coeval with a forest transition from spruce (Picea) to pine-oak (Pinus-Quercus). The well-preserved morphology of dunes, and an absence of paleosols and stratigraphic truncations, all support dune stability throughout the Holocene, even with recurrent wildfire to which the local ecology has adapted.

美国东北部纽约州奥尔巴尼松林（Albany Pine Bush， APB）中存在保存完好的稳定抛物状沙丘。该地区被劳伦泰德冰盖（LIS）覆盖，随后被奥尔巴尼冰川湖淹没，直到约13.0 ka。冰川河川和冰川湖沉积为沙丘提供了物源沉积物，沙丘向东-东南方向迁移。这项综合研究解决了APB稳定抛物面沙丘的形态，颗粒矿物学和微观形态，地层学和年代学。沙丘活动时间为12.5 ~ 11.0 ka，由本地河流沉积物形成，时间稍早（约13.3 ~ 12.5 ka）。沙丘砂和下伏的河流沉积物在结构和矿物学上都相似。微形态分析表明，沙丘石英颗粒几乎没有典型的风成搬运特征，但本质上保留了水下成因的特征。因此，沙丘形成过程中风沙运移的距离和持续时间都很短。沙丘的稳定与新仙女木时期的结束同时发生，森林从云杉（云杉）向松橡树（松-栎）过渡。沙丘的形态保存完好，古土壤和地层截断的缺失，在整个全新世都支持沙丘的稳定性，即使当地生态已经适应了周期性的野火。

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引用次数: 0

Estimation of secondary dune density in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert 塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地次生沙丘密度的估算

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101003

Mingyu Wang , Huoqing Li , Yongqiang Liu

The secondary dune density is a crucial parameter for studying desert surface characteristics and monitoring the development of sand ridges. It provides an effective means to describe the distribution of regional secondary dunes. However, there is currently no effective method for estimating dune density, particularly for secondary dunes that are attached to large sand ridges, which are often overlooked due to their smaller scale. Therefore, this study presents a more effective method for estimating secondary dune density by utilizing Google Earth images and the YOLOv8s algorithm. This study utilizes Google Earth images from the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert to construct a secondary dune identification dataset. Based on the dataset, we train and validate the secondary dune identification model to estimate secondary dune density. The research results indicate that the model achieved an average precision (AP50) of 63.58 % for secondary dune identification, outperforming other baseline algorithms. Furthermore, the dune identification model successfully identified a total of 18,208 secondary dunes within the verification area. The model demonstrated a higher predictive capability for secondary dune densities in the Taklimakan Desert hinterland, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.89 between estimated and observed values. The mean absolute error (MAE) was 20.94 km⁻², and the root mean square error (RMSE) was 25.04 km⁻². Crucially, the accuracy of the secondary density estimation is highly dependent on the precise delineation of dune outlines, crest lines, dune arcs, and ridge lines from the imagery. The method for estimating secondary dune density proposed in this study overcomes the limitations of existing research and provides new insights into the evolutionary processes of aeolian dunes.

次生沙丘密度是研究沙漠地表特征和监测沙脊发育的重要参数。它为描述区域次生沙丘的分布提供了一种有效的手段。然而，目前还没有有效的沙丘密度估算方法，特别是对于依附于大型沙脊的次级沙丘，由于其规模较小，往往被忽视。因此，本研究提出了一种更有效的利用谷歌地球影像和YOLOv8s算法估算次生沙丘密度的方法。本研究利用塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的谷歌地球影像，构建了二次沙丘识别数据集。在此基础上，对二次沙丘识别模型进行训练和验证，以估计二次沙丘密度。研究结果表明，该模型识别次生沙丘的平均精度（AP50）为63.58%，优于其他基准算法。此外，该沙丘识别模型成功识别了验证区内共18208个次生沙丘。该模型对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地次生沙丘密度具有较高的预测能力，预测值与实测值的决定系数（R2）为0.89。平均绝对误差（MAE）为20.94 km−2，均方根误差（RMSE）为25.04 km−2。至关重要的是，二次密度估计的准确性高度依赖于从图像中精确描绘沙丘轮廓、峰顶线、沙丘弧和山脊线。本文提出的次生沙丘密度估算方法克服了现有研究的局限性，为研究风成沙丘的演化过程提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Land cover, drought, and dust emission in arid Succulent Karoo shrublands 干旱多肉的卡鲁灌木地的土地覆盖、干旱和粉尘排放

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101006

Heleen C. Vos , Johanna R. von Holdt , Helga van der Merwe , Igshaan Samuels , Ute Schmiedel , Norbert Jürgens , Juliane Krenz , Mmoto L. Masubelele , Bavisha Koovarjee , Wolfgang Fister , Frank D. Eckardt , Clement Cupido , Nikolaus J. Kuhn , Susanne Fietz

Sand and dust storms are natural environmental processes that occur at various scales and they can have significant ecological and social impacts. Globally, patterns of aeolian activities are changing, and on South Africa’s west coast a marked increase in dust emission was observed during a prolonged drought lasting from 2015 to 2022. This region, dominated by Succulent Karoo shrublands, experienced a decline in vegetation cover and shifts in vegetation states due to the combined effects of drought, grazing, mining activities, and wind erosion. This review examines the transition in vegetation cover, the environmental and anthropogenic processes driving these changes, and their relationship to increased wind erosion and dust emission. Key influencing factors include rainfall variability, grazing intensity, and the degrading effects of wind erosion, shaped by broader forces such as climate change and land-use practices like mining and limited crop farming. To synthesise these dynamics, we present a conceptual State-and-Transition Model (STM) that captures vegetation responses in arid ecosystems and integrates the feedback between vegetation loss, wind erosion, and dust emission. This research furthermore summarises the broader consequences of dust events, including soil degradation, public health risks, and off-site effects on ocean chemistry and marine ecosystems. Understanding the drivers of vegetation change and the role of human and climatic pressures is crucial for anticipating future atmospheric dust loads and managing the resilience of arid landscapes.

沙尘暴是发生在不同尺度上的自然环境过程，可产生重大的生态和社会影响。在全球范围内，风沙活动的模式正在发生变化，在2015年至2022年的长期干旱期间，南非西海岸的尘埃排放量显著增加。由于干旱、放牧、采矿活动和风蚀的综合影响，该地区以多肉的卡鲁灌丛为主，植被覆盖减少，植被状态发生变化。本文综述了植被覆盖的变化、驱动这些变化的环境和人为过程，以及它们与风蚀和沙尘排放增加的关系。关键的影响因素包括降雨变异性、放牧强度和风蚀的退化效应，这些因素受到气候变化以及采矿和有限作物种植等土地利用做法等更广泛力量的影响。为了综合这些动态，我们提出了一个概念性的状态-过渡模型（STM），该模型捕捉了干旱生态系统中植被的响应，并整合了植被损失、风蚀和粉尘排放之间的反馈。这项研究进一步总结了沙尘事件的更广泛后果，包括土壤退化、公共健康风险以及对海洋化学和海洋生态系统的非现场影响。了解植被变化的驱动因素以及人类和气候压力的作用对于预测未来大气粉尘负荷和管理干旱景观的恢复能力至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Field measurement of glyphosate and AMPA in the deposited sediment on the central-semiarid region of Argentina 阿根廷中部半干旱区沉积沉积物中草甘膦和AMPA的野外测量

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100999

F. Avecilla , J.E. Panebianco , L.A. de Oro , V.C. Aparicio , M.J. Mendez

In the central semiarid region of Argentina (CSRA), agricultural soils coexist with remaining patches of native forest. Glyphosate is used on agricultural soils, but the presence of glyphosate and its main metabolite (aminomethylphosphonic acid, AMPA) in fallen dust have not been evaluated in the CSRA. The presence and concentration of glyphosate and AMPA were evaluated in the sediment collected in a forest patch (FR) and on a surrounding agricultural soil (AG) during 2021. Glyphosate and AMPA were detected in all samples of sediments on FR and AG. The concentration of glyphosate in the sediment ranged from 16.8 to 192.7 μg kg⁻¹ and the concentration of AMPA ranged from 31.9 to 210.3 μg kg⁻¹. Sediment deposited on AG showed a higher concentration of glyphosate and AMPA than that deposited on FR. The highest concentrations of glyphosate and AMPA were found in the second semester of the year (spring and early summer), when glyphosate is used intensively for weed control and wind erosion risk is higher. Our results show that the sediment generated by wind erosion, rural traffic and tillage could be a route for glyphosate and AMPA to enter into ecosystems and areas where the herbicide is not used.

在阿根廷中部半干旱地区（CSRA），农业土壤与残存的原始森林共存。草甘膦用于农业土壤，但在CSRA中尚未评估降尘中草甘膦及其主要代谢物（氨甲基膦酸，AMPA）的存在。对2021年在森林斑块（FR）和周围农业土壤（AG）收集的沉积物中草甘膦和AMPA的存在和浓度进行了评估。FR和AG沉积物样品中均检测到草甘膦和AMPA。沉积物中草甘膦浓度在16.8 ~ 192.7 μ kg−1之间，AMPA浓度在31.9 ~ 210.3 μ kg−1之间。AG上沉积的草甘膦和AMPA浓度高于FR上沉积的草甘膦和AMPA浓度。草甘膦和AMPA浓度最高的季节是春季和初夏，此时草甘膦用于杂草防治，风蚀风险较高。我们的研究结果表明，风蚀、农村交通和耕作产生的沉积物可能是草甘膦和AMPA进入未使用除草剂的生态系统和地区的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Dust emission forecasting using time series spatial data and machine learning algorithms 利用时间序列空间数据和机器学习算法进行粉尘排放预测

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101011

Maryam Sanisales , Zahed Rahmati , Ali Darvishi Boloorani

The objective of our research is to use remote sensing, reanalyzed time series data, and a machine learning algorithm to forecast dust emissions from sources in the Tigris-Euphrates basin. This basin is one of the most significant global dust source areas and includes more than 10,000 dust hotspots of dust emission sources. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to predict the emission of dust hotspots one year in advance. The methodology was developed based on an analysis of the spatiotemporal behavior of environmental parameters and the use of machine learning algorithm, including support vector machine, random forest, multinomial Naïve Bayes, and

k

-nearest neighbors. Additionally, the ensemble model Dempster–Shafer theory was used to merge the results from all machine learning algorithm to obtain dust source emission forecasting. Time series data were used to identify the primary dust drivers, including vegetation cover, precipitation, soil moisture, wind speed, temperature, soil texture, soil thickness, elevation, and slope. The location and temporal behavior (January 2000 to December 2020) of 10,422 dust events, obtained from a previous study conducted by the authors, along with data from January 2021 to December 2021, were utilized as the basis for the analysis. The training data set encompasses the period from January 2000 to December 2020, with January 2021 to December 2021 serving as the forecasting test data. The accuracy of the algorithms for prediction dust source emissions forecasting was evaluated using the AUC-ROC curve, with the random forest model achieving the highest performance of about 69%. Using the Dempster–Shafer model, we combined four machine learning models, and the accuracy reached about 73%, which improved the forecasting accuracy of dust emissions by 4.7%.

我们的研究目的是利用遥感、重新分析的时间序列数据和机器学习算法来预测底格里斯河-幼发拉底河流域污染源的粉尘排放。该盆地是全球最重要的沙尘源区之一，包括1万多个沙尘排放源的沙尘热点。据我们所知，这是首次尝试提前一年预测尘埃热点的排放。该方法是基于对环境参数时空行为的分析和机器学习算法的使用，包括支持向量机、随机森林、多项式Naïve贝叶斯和k近邻。此外，采用集成模型Dempster-Shafer理论对所有机器学习算法的结果进行合并，得到尘源排放预测结果。时间序列数据包括植被覆盖、降水、土壤湿度、风速、温度、土壤质地、土壤厚度、高程和坡度等。作者先前进行的一项研究获得了10422次沙尘事件的位置和时间行为（2000年1月至2020年12月），以及2021年1月至2021年12月的数据，这些数据被用作分析的基础。训练数据集的时间为2000年1月至2020年12月，预测测试数据为2021年1月至2021年12月。采用AUC-ROC曲线对算法的预测精度进行了评价，其中随机森林模型的预测精度最高，约为69%。使用Dempster-Shafer模型，我们结合了4种机器学习模型，准确率达到73%左右，将粉尘排放的预测精度提高了4.7%。

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引用次数: 0

On the chronology and development of Europe’s tallest aeolian landform: the Sarykum dune complex in the North Caspian region 关于欧洲最高的风成地貌的年代学和发展：北里海地区的Sarykum沙丘群

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101007

Dmitry Zastrozhnov , Andrey Zastrozhnov , Sergei Medvedev , Idris Idrisov , Viktor Spiridonov , Dmitry V. Nazarov , Anna A. Cherezova

The tallest aeolian landform in Europe (∼170 m above the base), the Sarykum dune complex, is located in the southwestern Caspian Depression near the Caucasus Mountains. Its morphology and evolution remain poorly studied. In this study we investigate the dune complex through a synthesis of geomorphological, geological, and geochronological methods. Our findings link its development to major regression phases of the Caspian Sea driven by climatic aridifications during the Late Pleistocene–Holocene. Optical stimulated luminescence dating indicates that dune formation began at least 60 ka during the Atelian regression, with reactivation around 11–6 ka during the Mangyshlakian regression. By the mid-Holocene, the complex had nearly reached its modern height. The Shura-Ozen’ River, which divides the dune complex in two major segments, played a significant role in the complex’s evolution, influencing aeolian sediment transport and trapping material on its banks, particularly on the left bank, where the highest Central Massif is located. Extensive vegetation now stabilizes most of the complex, except for active ridges in the Central Massif. A numerical analysis of wind potential for dune migration, based on recent meteorological data, shows that sand movement is primarily driven by self-sustaining NW–SE wind fluctuations. Paleowind analysis suggests that similar long-term wind patterns have persisted since the onset of aeolian deposition during the Atelian phase. Our study sheds new light on the Sarykum dune complex’s history and highlights its significance as a dynamic archive of climatic and geomorphic processes in the Caspian region.

欧洲最高的风成地貌（海拔约170米），Sarykum沙丘群，位于高加索山脉附近的里海洼地西南部。其形态和进化的研究仍然很少。在这项研究中，我们通过综合地貌学、地质学和地质年代学的方法来研究沙丘复合体。我们的发现将其发展与里海在晚更新世-全新世期间由气候干旱化驱动的主要回归阶段联系起来。光学激发发光测年表明，沙丘形成至少始于阿特利期60 ka，在曼吉斯拉克期11-6 ka左右重新激活。到全新世中期，这个建筑群几乎达到了现代的高度。舒拉-奥岑河将沙丘群分成两个主要部分，在沙丘群的演变中发挥了重要作用，影响了风成沉积物的运输和河岸上的物质捕获，特别是在最高的中央地块所在的左岸。除了中部地块活跃的山脊外，大面积的植被现在稳定了大部分建筑群。基于近期气象资料的沙丘移动风势数值分析表明，沙丘移动主要是由自维持的西北-东南风波动驱动的。古风分析表明，自阿特利期风成沉积开始以来，类似的长期风模式一直持续存在。我们的研究揭示了Sarykum沙丘复合体的历史，并强调了它作为里海地区气候和地貌过程动态档案的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Quantifying the impact of fire events on dust emission potential from partially vegetated dunes in the southwest Kalahari 量化火灾事件对喀拉哈里西南部部分植被沙丘粉尘排放潜力的影响

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101012

Rosemary A. Huck , Giles F.S. Wiggs , David S.G. Thomas , Natasha S. Wallum

The removal of stabilising vegetation from sand dunes by fire has been widely linked to increases in aeolian sediment transport and dune movement. However, substantial gaps exist in our knowledge of whether burned dunes in arid environments have the potential to emit dust. To explore relationships between fire and dust emission on partially vegetated sand dunes in the Namibian Kalahari Desert, 180 measurements of wind erosion threshold and dust flux were carried out using a portable wind tunnel (Portable In-Situ Wind Erosion Laboratory or PI-SWERL). Data were analysed to compare erosion thresholds and dust emission flux on adjacent burned and unburned sites. The data suggest that both burned and unburned dune crests, flanks, and interdunes have a low potential for dust emission. Whilst there was no significant difference in dust emission flux between burned and unburned control surfaces (Kruskal-Wallis, p > 0.05), there was evidence of significantly higher erosion thresholds on burned surfaces (T-test, p < 0.01). Where the surface had been disturbed, resulting in the removal of the typically present biological soil crusts (biocrust), our data suggest that dust emission fluxes are, on average, 8–13 times higher those of undisturbed surfaces. The analysis reveals that even when burned and devoid of vegetation, the Kalahari linear dune system is sediment-availability limited. This finding indicates the importance of ground surface characteristics, such as biocrusts, in preventing dust emission from the Kalahari dune field.

人们普遍认为，火灾对沙丘稳定植被的破坏与风成沉积物运输和沙丘运动的增加有关。然而，我们对干旱环境中被烧毁的沙丘是否有可能排放灰尘的了解还存在很大的空白。为了探讨纳米比亚喀拉哈里沙漠部分植被沙丘上的火灾与沙尘排放的关系，利用便携式风洞（便携式原位风蚀实验室，PI-SWERL）对180个风蚀阈值和沙尘通量进行了测量。对数据进行了分析，比较了相邻燃烧点和未燃烧点的侵蚀阈值和粉尘排放通量。这些数据表明，燃烧和未燃烧的沙丘顶部、侧翼和沙丘间的粉尘排放潜力都很低。虽然燃烧面和未燃烧面之间的粉尘排放通量没有显著差异（Kruskal-Wallis, p > 0.05），但有证据表明，燃烧面的侵蚀阈值明显更高（t检验，p < 0.01）。在地表受到干扰，导致典型的生物土壤结皮（生物结皮）消失的地方，我们的数据表明，尘埃排放通量平均比未受干扰的地表高8-13倍。分析表明，即使在燃烧和缺乏植被的情况下，喀拉哈里线性沙丘系统的沉积物可用性是有限的。这一发现表明地表特征（如生物结皮）在防止喀拉哈里沙丘场的粉尘排放方面的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Grain size analysis and sedimentological characteristics of wind-blown sands: a case study of Barchan dunes in the Erg of Tabas, central Iran 风沙粒度分析及沉积学特征——以伊朗中部塔巴什厄格Barchan沙丘为例

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100993

Haniyeh Ghayeni , Mohammad Khanehbad , Alireza Rashki

The current study investigates the geological characteristics and wind-driven dynamics of barchan dunes in arid regions. We analyzed the depositional processes and particle size distribution of eight dunes located approximately one kilometer apart. The results indicate that silt (0.80 %), medium sand (8.67 %), coarse sand (1.34 %), and very fine sand (18.32 %) are less common than fine sand (69.55 %). Key grain-size statistics indicate that aeolian sediments are fine-grained and well-sorted, with a mean particle size of 2.64 ϕ, sorting value of 0.51 ϕ, skewness of −0.05, and kurtosis of 1.26. The grain size classification indicates a complex depositional history, with aeolian origin accounting for around 87.3 % and river characteristics for only about 12 %. Leeward slopes and bottom areas tend to deposit finer, better-sorted sediments and typically contain coarser, less-sorted material than windward slopes and crests because gravity settles and influences wind movement. Long-term wind measurements (1986–2024) indicate that the principal southeastward drift vectors are continuous northwesterly winds (RDD = 159.04°) and considerable sand transport (DP = 45.25 VU). A transitional aeolian regime, as indicated by the Sand Mobility Index (0.59), promotes the development of semi-stable barchan dunes with both unidirectional and multidirectional wind impacts. These results illustrate the intricate connections between dune formation, sediment supply, and wind regime. These findings highlight the complex relationships that exist between wind regimes, sediment availability, and dune formation. By integrating extensive sedimentological research with long-term meteorological monitoring, this study provides new insights into the dynamics of aeolian systems and a practical framework for predicting dune evolution.

本文研究了干旱区坝状沙丘的地质特征及风动动力学。我们分析了8个沙丘的沉积过程和粒径分布，这些沙丘相距约1公里。结果表明：粉砂（0.80%）、中砂（8.67%）、粗砂（1.34%）和极细砂（18.32%）的比例低于细砂（69.55%）；关键粒度统计表明，风沙颗粒细，分选良好，平均粒径为2.64 φ，分选值为0.51 φ，偏度为- 0.05，峰度为1.26。粒度分类表明其沉积历史复杂，风成成因约占87.3%，河流特征仅占12%左右。背风坡和底部地区倾向于沉积更细、分选更好的沉积物，通常比迎风坡和峰顶地区含有更粗、分选更少的物质，因为重力沉降并影响风的运动。1986-2024年的长期风向观测表明，主要的东南方向漂移矢量是连续的西北风（RDD = 159.04°）和大量的输沙（DP = 45.25 VU）。沙流指数（0.59）表明，过渡性风沙条件在单向和多向风的作用下促进了半稳定barchan沙丘的形成。这些结果说明了沙丘形成、沉积物供应和风况之间的复杂联系。这些发现强调了风况、沉积物可利用性和沙丘形成之间存在的复杂关系。通过将广泛的沉积学研究与长期的气象监测相结合，本研究提供了对风成系统动力学的新见解，并为预测沙丘演变提供了一个实用的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Arid Shrubland: A growing dust source? 干旱灌木丛：一个不断增长的尘埃来源？

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100998

Heleen C. Vos , Emanuel Vogel , Johanna R. von Holdt , Wolfgang Fister , Frank D. Eckardt , Janine I. Gugger , Eliane C. Hofstetter , Nikolaus J. Kuhn

The west coast of South Africa is an arid region that has been shown to be emissive, but its dust sources have never been studied in detail. In this study, we present a dataset of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)-detected dust source points in this region from 2000 to 2021 and the surface characteristics of these points. The results elucidate that most dust source points are located on Succulent Karoo shrublands, mining areas, or bare areas. Furthermore, the data show a significant increase in dust source points, which could mainly be attributed to shrublands becoming more emissive as a response to a prolonged drought from 2017 onwards. The Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI), and albedo-based roughness indication (ωns) of the study area confirmed a decrease in vegetation during this five-year drought. Understanding such tipping points for dust emissions as a result of drought and anthropogenic land use is relevant to understanding the future dust load.

南非西海岸是一个干旱地区，已被证明是有排放的，但其粉尘来源从未被详细研究过。在本研究中，我们提供了2000 - 2021年该地区MODIS中分辨率成像光谱仪（MODIS）探测的尘埃点数据集和这些尘埃点的地表特征。结果表明，卡鲁多肉灌丛地、矿区和裸地是主要的粉尘源。此外，数据显示，粉尘源点显著增加，这主要是由于自2017年以来，由于长期干旱，灌木地的排放量增加。标准化植被差异指数（NDVI）、改良土壤调整植被指数（MSAVI）和基于反照率的粗糙度指数（ωns）均证实了5年干旱期间研究区植被的减少。了解干旱和人为土地利用导致的粉尘排放的临界点与了解未来的粉尘负荷有关。

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引用次数: 0