Aeolian Research最新文献_第4页

Provenance of sediments in a deep-sea core offshore Kangaroo Island spanning the last 125 ka 袋鼠岛近125 ka深海岩心沉积物的物源

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100997

Jan-Berend W. Stuut , Patrick De Deckker , Rick Hennekam

It is common practice nowadays to assess the presence of terrigenous (land-derived) sediments in deep-sea cores using bulk geochemical data, but the key issue is to identify the source of these sediments and the way they were transported to the core site in order to interpret their palaeoclimatic significance. Here, we demonstrate a new approach taken to geochemically-fingerprint a large set of sediments collected from potential source areas (PSAs) in southeastern and southcentral Australia and to compare these data with the record obtained from X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) scanning on a long deep-sea sediment core MD03-2607 obtained offshore Kangaroo Island, South Australia. The entire data set of samples collected on land as well as the downcore measurements were unmixed using the numerical end-member method AnalySize. We successfully use the elements Al, Fe, K, Mn, S, Sr and Y to define end members. In addition, the on-land occurrences of the chemical ratios of Zr/Zn, Ti/Rb, Ti/Y and Zr/Rb are used to support the provenance of the chemical end-members. Three main PSA’s are defined: Murray River Basin (MRB), Darling River Basin (DRB) and Kati Thanda – Lake Eyre District (LED), of which the MRB is represented in two different chemical end members. The downcore contributions of these end members in the sediment core are consequently interpreted in terms of fluvial (MRB and DRB) versus aeolian (LED) input. We determined the origin of the terrigenous sediments recovered from the core for the last glacial-interglacial cycle, with implications for atmospheric circulation across southern Australia.

目前普遍的做法是利用大量地球化学数据来评估深海岩心中陆源（陆源）沉积物的存在，但关键问题是确定这些沉积物的来源及其运输到岩心地点的方式，以解释其古气候意义。在这里，我们展示了一种新的方法，对从澳大利亚东南部和中南部潜在源区（PSAs）收集的大量沉积物进行地球化学指纹，并将这些数据与从南澳大利亚袋鼠岛近海获得的长深海沉积物岩心MD03-2607上获得的x射线荧光（XRF）扫描记录进行比较。使用数值端元法AnalySize对陆地上收集的整个样本数据集以及岩心测量结果进行了分析。我们成功地使用元素Al， Fe， K, Mn， S， Sr和Y来定义端元。此外，利用Zr/Zn、Ti/Rb、Ti/Y和Zr/Rb化学组分在陆地上的出现情况，支持了化学端元的来源。定义了三个主要的PSA：墨累河流域（MRB），达令河流域（DRB）和卡蒂坦达-艾尔湖区（LED），其中MRB在两个不同的化学末端成员中表示。因此，沉积物岩心中这些末端成员的下岩心贡献被解释为河流（MRB和DRB）与风成（LED）的输入。我们确定了最后一次冰期-间冰期旋回的陆源沉积物的来源，并对南澳大利亚的大气环流产生了影响。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing wind erosion hazard assessment: a novel framework combining integrated land susceptibility to wind erosion (ILSWE) index and machine learning algorithms (case study: Saravan area, Southeast Iran) 加强风蚀危害评估：结合综合土地风蚀易感性（ILSWE）指数和机器学习算法的新框架（以伊朗东南部Saravan地区为例）

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100995

Mojtaba Mohammadi , Hamid Gholami , Aliakbar Mohamadifar , Yougui Song , Dimitris Kaskaoutis

Wind erosion poses a significant threat to arid and semi-arid ecosystems globally, particularly in the Middle East, a major source of dust emissions. Iran, with extensive arid and semi-arid landscapes, experiences substantial economic and ecological damage from wind erosion, exceeding US$18 billion annually. This study developed a novel methodology for mapping wind erosion hazard in Saravan County, southeast Iran, addressing the critical need for accurate hazard assessment and targeted mitigation strategies. An initial wind erosion inventory map was created using the Integrated Land Susceptibility to Wind Erosion (ILSWE) model, incorporating various factors like climatic erosivity, soil erodibility, soil crust, vegetation cover, and surface roughness. This inventory was then used to train and validate three machine learning (ML) models (Bagged CART, Random Forest, and XGBoost). Model performance was evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, with the Random Forest model achieving the highest accuracy (AUC = 0.95). Results indicated that 42.7 % of the study area is classified at high or very high hazard for wind erosion, primarily located in western Saravan, characterized by degraded rangelands with sparse vegetation. Key factors influencing wind erosion hazard included elevation, clay content, and calcium carbonate content. This research demonstrates the efficacy of integrating the ILSWE model with ML techniques for accurate mapping of wind erosion hazard, providing valuable information for prioritizing mitigation efforts and promoting sustainable land management practices in arid and semi-arid environments. The developed methodology offers a transferable framework for wind erosion assessment in other vulnerable regions worldwide.

风蚀对全球干旱和半干旱生态系统构成重大威胁，特别是在中东，这是尘埃排放的主要来源。伊朗拥有广阔的干旱和半干旱景观，风蚀对经济和生态造成了巨大的破坏，每年造成的损失超过180亿美元。本研究开发了一种新的方法，用于绘制伊朗东南部Saravan县的风蚀危害地图，解决了对准确危害评估和有针对性缓解战略的迫切需求。利用综合土地风蚀敏感性（ILSWE）模型，结合气候侵蚀力、土壤可蚀性、土壤结壳、植被覆盖和地表粗糙度等各种因素，创建了初始的风蚀盘存图。然后使用该清单来训练和验证三种机器学习（ML）模型（Bagged CART， Random Forest和XGBoost）。采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析评估模型的性能，随机森林模型的准确率最高（AUC = 0.95）。结果表明：42.7%的研究区为风蚀高发区或极高发区，主要分布在萨拉万西部，以草地退化、植被稀疏为特征；影响风蚀危害的关键因素包括海拔高度、粘土含量和碳酸钙含量。这项研究证明了将ILSWE模型与ML技术结合起来精确绘制风蚀危害的有效性，为确定缓解工作的优先顺序和促进干旱和半干旱环境中的可持续土地管理实践提供了有价值的信息。所开发的方法为全球其他脆弱地区的风蚀评估提供了一个可转移的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Luminescence dating and the sedimentary pattern of loess on the Tibetan Plateau 青藏高原黄土的发光测年与沉积模式

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100994

Qiufang Chang , Xiaodong Miao , Xingjun Xie , Zhongping Lai

Aeolian sediments in the Tibetan Plateau are important records for climate change and atmospheric circulation. Previous studies suggested that the interior Tibetan loess accumulated mostly in the Holocene (<11.7 ka) marked by warming and wetting climate with an increased vegetation cover, thereby facilitating dust entrapment, and that this Tibetan dust accumulation model is different from that of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). In longer time scales (>11.7 ka), did Tibetan loess deposited in warm/wet period as well? To answer this question, we presented 23 loess luminescence ages from five aeolian deposit profiles in the central Tibetan Plateau covering a large area. The results demonstrate loess deposition at around 30 ka and 75 ka, corresponding to warm and wet marine isotope stage (MIS) 3 and 5. In contrast, in the MIS 2 and 4, little to no loess was detected. Thus, we conclude that Tibetan loess accumulated mainly during warm/wet periods in the orbital time scale, and vegetation cover played a key role on loess accumulation and subsequent ecological system. This study sheds light on the Tibetan Plateau dust and loess research, and further provides basic scientific data for comprehensive understanding of the TP ecosystem for sustainable development.

青藏高原风成沉积物是气候变化和大气环流的重要记录。前人研究认为，青藏高原内陆黄土主要在气候变暖湿润、植被覆盖增加的全新世（11.7 ka）积累，有利于沙尘的淤积，与中国黄土高原（CLP）不同。在更长时间尺度上（>11.7 ka），青藏高原黄土是否也处于暖/湿期沉积？为了回答这个问题，我们从青藏高原中部覆盖面积较大的5个风成沉积剖面中获得了23个黄土发光年龄。结果表明，黄土沉积时间约为30 ka和75 ka，对应暖湿海相同位素阶段（MIS） 3和5。而在MIS 2和MIS 4中，几乎没有发现黄土。因此，在轨道时间尺度上，青藏高原黄土主要在暖湿期积累，植被覆盖对黄土积累及其后续生态系统起关键作用。本研究为青藏高原沙尘和黄土研究提供了新的思路，为全面认识青藏高原生态系统的可持续发展提供了基础科学数据。

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引用次数: 0

Origin and late pleistocene to early holocene activity of albany pine bush dune field, New York, northeastern USA 美国东北部纽约奥尔巴尼松丛沙丘场的起源及晚更新世至全新世早期的活动

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100992

S.A. Wolfe , D. Franzi , B. Carl , N. Ferguson , B. Woronko , D. Chmielowska-Michalak , G. Pantoja , M. Schaarschmidt , O.B. Lian , A. Gontz , N. Gifford

Well-preserved stabilized parabolic dunes occur in the Albany Pine Bush (APB), New York State, northeastern USA. This area was glaciated by the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) and subsequently inundated by glacial Lake Albany until ∼ 13.0 ka. Glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine deposits provided source sediments for dunes, which migrated towards the east-southeast. This integrated study addresses the morphology, grain mineralogy and micromorphology, stratigraphy, and chronology of a stabilized parabolic dune in the APB. The dune was active from 12.5–11.0 ka and was formed from locally-derived fluvial sediments that are slightly older (ca. 13.3–12.5 ka). The dune sands and underlying fluvial sediments are both texturally and mineralogically similar. Micromorphological analyses indicate that the dune quartz grains exhibit few characteristics typical of eolian transport, but inherently retain features of subaqueous origin. Consequently, both the distance and the duration of eolian transport during dune construction were very short. Dune stabilization coincided with the end of the Younger Dryas coeval with a forest transition from spruce (Picea) to pine-oak (Pinus-Quercus). The well-preserved morphology of dunes, and an absence of paleosols and stratigraphic truncations, all support dune stability throughout the Holocene, even with recurrent wildfire to which the local ecology has adapted.

美国东北部纽约州奥尔巴尼松林（Albany Pine Bush， APB）中存在保存完好的稳定抛物状沙丘。该地区被劳伦泰德冰盖（LIS）覆盖，随后被奥尔巴尼冰川湖淹没，直到约13.0 ka。冰川河川和冰川湖沉积为沙丘提供了物源沉积物，沙丘向东-东南方向迁移。这项综合研究解决了APB稳定抛物面沙丘的形态，颗粒矿物学和微观形态，地层学和年代学。沙丘活动时间为12.5 ~ 11.0 ka，由本地河流沉积物形成，时间稍早（约13.3 ~ 12.5 ka）。沙丘砂和下伏的河流沉积物在结构和矿物学上都相似。微形态分析表明，沙丘石英颗粒几乎没有典型的风成搬运特征，但本质上保留了水下成因的特征。因此，沙丘形成过程中风沙运移的距离和持续时间都很短。沙丘的稳定与新仙女木时期的结束同时发生，森林从云杉（云杉）向松橡树（松-栎）过渡。沙丘的形态保存完好，古土壤和地层截断的缺失，在整个全新世都支持沙丘的稳定性，即使当地生态已经适应了周期性的野火。

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引用次数: 0

Grain size analysis and sedimentological characteristics of wind-blown sands: a case study of Barchan dunes in the Erg of Tabas, central Iran 风沙粒度分析及沉积学特征——以伊朗中部塔巴什厄格Barchan沙丘为例

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100993

Haniyeh Ghayeni , Mohammad Khanehbad , Alireza Rashki

The current study investigates the geological characteristics and wind-driven dynamics of barchan dunes in arid regions. We analyzed the depositional processes and particle size distribution of eight dunes located approximately one kilometer apart. The results indicate that silt (0.80 %), medium sand (8.67 %), coarse sand (1.34 %), and very fine sand (18.32 %) are less common than fine sand (69.55 %). Key grain-size statistics indicate that aeolian sediments are fine-grained and well-sorted, with a mean particle size of 2.64 ϕ, sorting value of 0.51 ϕ, skewness of −0.05, and kurtosis of 1.26. The grain size classification indicates a complex depositional history, with aeolian origin accounting for around 87.3 % and river characteristics for only about 12 %. Leeward slopes and bottom areas tend to deposit finer, better-sorted sediments and typically contain coarser, less-sorted material than windward slopes and crests because gravity settles and influences wind movement. Long-term wind measurements (1986–2024) indicate that the principal southeastward drift vectors are continuous northwesterly winds (RDD = 159.04°) and considerable sand transport (DP = 45.25 VU). A transitional aeolian regime, as indicated by the Sand Mobility Index (0.59), promotes the development of semi-stable barchan dunes with both unidirectional and multidirectional wind impacts. These results illustrate the intricate connections between dune formation, sediment supply, and wind regime. These findings highlight the complex relationships that exist between wind regimes, sediment availability, and dune formation. By integrating extensive sedimentological research with long-term meteorological monitoring, this study provides new insights into the dynamics of aeolian systems and a practical framework for predicting dune evolution.

本文研究了干旱区坝状沙丘的地质特征及风动动力学。我们分析了8个沙丘的沉积过程和粒径分布，这些沙丘相距约1公里。结果表明：粉砂（0.80%）、中砂（8.67%）、粗砂（1.34%）和极细砂（18.32%）的比例低于细砂（69.55%）；关键粒度统计表明，风沙颗粒细，分选良好，平均粒径为2.64 φ，分选值为0.51 φ，偏度为- 0.05，峰度为1.26。粒度分类表明其沉积历史复杂，风成成因约占87.3%，河流特征仅占12%左右。背风坡和底部地区倾向于沉积更细、分选更好的沉积物，通常比迎风坡和峰顶地区含有更粗、分选更少的物质，因为重力沉降并影响风的运动。1986-2024年的长期风向观测表明，主要的东南方向漂移矢量是连续的西北风（RDD = 159.04°）和大量的输沙（DP = 45.25 VU）。沙流指数（0.59）表明，过渡性风沙条件在单向和多向风的作用下促进了半稳定barchan沙丘的形成。这些结果说明了沙丘形成、沉积物供应和风况之间的复杂联系。这些发现强调了风况、沉积物可利用性和沙丘形成之间存在的复杂关系。通过将广泛的沉积学研究与长期的气象监测相结合，本研究提供了对风成系统动力学的新见解，并为预测沙丘演变提供了一个实用的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Simulation of aerodynamic entrainment of sand particles on an up-sloping bed using the discrete element method 用离散元法模拟上斜坡床上沙粒的气动夹带

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100979

Xiaolan Yu , Zhengshi Wang , Shuming Jia

Aeolian sediment transport is the main cause of natural disasters such as dust storms and land degradation in arid and semi-arid regions, with aerodynamic entrainment being a key physical process. While most studies on aerodynamic entrainment focus on flat beds, the aerodynamic entrainment of sand particles on sloping beds remains underexplored. In this study, models of sand beds sloping at angles ranging from 0° to 20° were developed using the discrete element method, and the aerodynamic entrainment process on these beds was simulated. The results indicate that the inhibitory effect on aerodynamic entrainment increases considerably with slope angle. Compared to those for flat beds, the threshold friction velocity and response time of aerodynamic entrainment on sloping beds increase by approximately 50%, while the entrainment rate decreases by almost 90% at a slope angle of 20°. From a particle motion perspective, sand particles on a sloping bed require more energy to detach from the bed, resulting in an increase of almost 55% in rolling distance and number of collisions compared to that for a flat bed. In this study, an aerodynamic entrainment scheme for sloping beds was proposed, enhancing the understanding of wind-blown sand movement in real terrains and improving prediction accuracy.

风沙输运是干旱半干旱区沙尘暴、土地退化等自然灾害发生的主要原因，其中气动夹带是一个关键的物理过程。虽然大多数关于气动夹带的研究都集中在平坦层上，但对斜坡层上沙粒的气动夹带研究尚不充分。采用离散元法建立了倾角为0°~ 20°的砂层模型，并对砂层的气动夹带过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明，坡角越大，对气动夹带的抑制作用越强。当坡角为20°时，与平坦层相比，倾斜层气动夹带的阈值摩擦速度和响应时间增加了约50%，而夹带速率降低了近90%。从颗粒运动的角度来看，倾斜床上的沙粒需要更多的能量才能脱离床层，导致滚动距离和碰撞次数比平坦床增加近55%。本文提出了一种斜坡地层的气动夹带方案，增强了对真实地形风沙运动的认识，提高了预测精度。

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引用次数: 0

Holocene aeolian dune-paleosol record at the Fuegian steppe: assessment of interglacial climate and environmental variability at the southernmost tip of Patagonia (Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego) 火地岛大草原全新世风成沙丘-古土壤记录：巴塔哥尼亚最南端间冰期气候和环境变率的评估

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100978

Adriana Mehl , Andrea Coronato , Ramiro López

Late Quaternary aeolian dune-paleosol sedimentary successions in perched dunes at the Fuegian steppe (northern Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego, Patagonia) offer valuable insights into the Holocene climatic and environmental variability of southernmost South America, on the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds belt. Using morphological and geochemical data from eight paleosols interbedded in the aeolian units of a perched dune related to the ephemeral, shallow Laguna Arturo lake (53°43′ S, 68°18′ W), we assessed Holocene soil formation. The morphological characteristics and CIA index of the paleosols indicate poor to moderate weathering, with very limited hydrolysis and leaching mostly due to the subhumid climatic regime of the Fuegian steppe. Despite this, pedogenesis led to the formation of discrete paleosols after the Late Glacial. Oxidation is a conspicuous process in the Lateglacial-Early Holocene and early Middle Holocene paleosols of the succession. The poor pedological structure of paleosols from the late Middle Holocene, along with the aeolian deposits rate of sedimentation, records more likely arid conditions in southern Patagonia, a pattern consistent with other multi-proxy records in the region. The Late Holocene paleosols record slightly higher CIA indices and characteristics compatible with a higher moisture in the environment compared to the Middle Holocene. The studied dune-paleosol succession documents relatively short soil formation intervals, possibly linked to increased humidity in the Fuegian steppe due to short-term climate variability since around 12,800 cal yrs. BP, related to the dynamics of the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds.

晚第四纪风成沙丘-古土壤沉积序列位于巴塔哥尼亚的火地岛北部，为了解南半球西风带南美洲最南端的全新世气候和环境变化提供了有价值的见解。利用与拉古纳阿图罗湖（53°43 ' S, 68°18 ' W）有关的短暂的浅沙丘的8个互层古土壤的形态和地球化学数据，我们评估了全新世的土壤形成。古土壤的形态特征和CIA指数表明，由于福建草原的半湿润气候，古土壤的水解和淋溶程度非常有限，风化程度较差。尽管如此，在晚冰期之后，成土作用导致了离散古土壤的形成。在该演替的晚全新世-早全新世和中全新世早期古土壤中，氧化作用是一个明显的过程。中全新世晚期古土壤较差的土壤学结构，以及风成沉积物的沉积速率，表明巴塔哥尼亚南部更有可能是干旱环境，这一模式与该地区其他多代理记录相一致。与中全新世相比，晚全新世古土壤的CIA指数和特征略高于中全新世。研究的沙丘-古土壤演替记录了相对较短的土壤形成间隔，这可能与大约12,800 cal年以来短期气候变化导致的福建草原湿度增加有关。BP，与南半球西风的动力学有关。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the atmospheric and ecological impacts of a major dust storm: Insights from WRF–Chem simulations 探索大沙尘暴对大气和生态的影响：来自WRF-Chem模拟的见解

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100977

Hongwei Yang, Wenxuan Fu

Sand and dust storm (SDS) is disastrous weather phenomenon on a global scale. Previous studies have demonstrated that SDS significantly affects weather, air quality, and human health. However, the interaction between SDS and ecological systems has previously been underexplored. In this study, we aim to elucidate the impact mechanisms of SDS on vegetation dynamics. We employed Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model with Chemistry (WRF–Chem) to investigate the severe SDS in East Asia in May 2017. Our results reveal that the WRF–Chem model reasonably reproduced the large scale eastward movement of the SDS caused by the Mongolia cyclone in multiple aspects. SDS decreased downward shortwave (SW) radiation at surface (DSWS) and increased longwave radiation at the surface, causing non-uniform spatiotemporal changes in skin temperature (SKT) determined by the local surface energy balance. Crucially, SDS detrimentally impacted gross primary production (GPP) during the critical germination phases, with reductions in GPP exceeding 10% in certain areas. The total reductions were −20.17 kt, −81.55 kt, and −218.88 kt, respectively for May 2, 3, and 4 over the domain. Changes in GPP were attributed to variations in SKT and DSWS, as determined by calculating the partial correlation coefficients (PCC). The sensitivity, magnitude, and direction of GPP variation due to SKT and DSWS were influenced by altitude, which inherently affects radiation levels. These variations were further modulated by local conditions, including moisture availability. Our study illuminates the interaction between SDS and ecological systems, a subject that has been poorly understood.

沙尘暴是全球性的灾害性天气现象。以前的研究表明，SDS显著影响天气、空气质量和人类健康。然而，SDS与生态系统之间的相互作用尚未得到充分的研究。在本研究中，我们旨在阐明SDS对植被动态的影响机制。我们采用天气研究与预报（WRF）模型和化学（WRF - chem）模型对2017年5月东亚地区的严重SDS进行了研究。结果表明，WRF-Chem模式在多个方面合理再现了蒙古气旋引起的SDS大尺度东移。SDS降低了地表向下的短波（SW）辐射，增加了地表的长波辐射，导致由局部地表能量平衡决定的皮肤温度（SKT）时空变化不均匀。重要的是，在关键发芽期，SDS对总初级产量（GPP）产生不利影响，某些地区的GPP下降幅度超过10%。5月2日、3日和4日的总减少量分别为- 20.17 kt、- 81.55 kt和- 218.88 kt。GPP的变化归因于SKT和DSWS的变化，这是通过计算偏相关系数（PCC）确定的。由SKT和DSWS引起的GPP变化的敏感性、幅度和方向受海拔高度的影响，而海拔高度本身也会影响辐射水平。这些变化受到当地条件的进一步调节，包括水分的可用性。我们的研究阐明了SDS和生态系统之间的相互作用，这是一个知之甚少的主题。

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引用次数: 0

Climate changes revealed from the aeolian sediments in the Menyuan Basin, northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau 青藏高原东北部门源盆地风成沉积物的气候变化特征

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100976

Yunkun Shi , Chongyi E , Zhaokang Zhang , Qiang Peng , Jing Zhang , Yongjuan Sun , Jiawei Wang

Aeolian sediments are a crucial component of Earth’s surface and serve as a significant terrestrial climate archive. The Menyuan Basin is a sensitive region for the interaction between the monsoons and Westerlies in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where loess is extensively distributed, rendering it an ideal area for investigating climatic processes. In this study, climate changes in the Menyuan Basin since 40 ka are reconstructed using proxy records and luminescence dating obtained from the Yahecun profile. Our results show that the Menyuan Basin experienced a dry and cold climate from 40 to 16 ka, a continuous increase in moisture and temperature from 16 to 4.4 ka, and a relatively mild climate since 4.4 ka. The temperature variations in the Menyuan Basin are primarily driven by solar insolation; after 6 ka, the increase in the greenhouse gas concentrations contributed to higher temperatures. Precipitation in the region is governed by changes in the Westerlies and monsoons. During the glacial period, the summer monsoon weakened, and the transport of westerly water vapor decreased, resulting in reduced precipitation in the Menyuan Basin. Following the glacial period, an intensified summer monsoon and increased westerly water vapor transport collectively led to heightened precipitation. After 5 ka, the strengthening of the Westerlies likely sustained high precipitation in the Menyuan Basin. The intensity of winter monsoons in the Menyuan Basin is influenced by high-latitude insolation, with reduced high-latitude insolation after 6 ka leading to enhanced winter monsoons.

风成沉积物是地球表面的重要组成部分，是重要的陆地气候档案。门源盆地是青藏高原东北部季风与西风带相互作用的敏感区，黄土分布广泛，是研究气候过程的理想区域。本文利用雅河村剖面的代用记录和发光测年资料，重建了40ka以来门源盆地的气候变化。结果表明：40 ~ 16 ka为干冷气候，16 ~ 4.4 ka为持续增温增湿气候，4.4 ka以来为相对温和气候。门源盆地温度变化主要受太阳日照驱动；6 ka以后，温室气体浓度的增加导致温度升高。该地区的降水受西风带和季风的影响。冰期夏季风减弱，西风水汽输送减少，导致门源盆地降水减少。冰期之后，夏季风的增强和西风水汽输送的增加共同导致降水增加。5 ka后，西风带的增强可能维持了门源盆地的高降水。门源盆地冬季季风强度受高纬度日照影响，6 ka后高纬度日照减少导致冬季季风增强。

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引用次数: 0

Dust transport pathways from the Mesopotamian Marshes 来自美索不达米亚沼泽的尘埃运输路径

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-04-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100975

Hesam Salmabadi , Mohsen Saeedi , Michael Notaro , Alexandre Roy

The Mesopotamian Marshes, located in southern Iraq and southwestern Iran, represent one of the world’s largest wetland ecosystems. These marshlands have undergone significant degradation primarily due to anthropogenic activities, including extensive dam construction, oil extraction, and political conflicts, transforming vast areas into potential dust sources. This study investigates the wind climatology over the marshes and analyzes the long-range transport pathways of dust originating from the region using forward air-parcel trajectories generated with the HYSPLIT model from 2000 to 2023, with each trajectory calculated over an 8-day period. Through trajectory clustering, we identified four primary transport pathways with distinct seasonal patterns. The dominant pathway (35%) follows the Shamal winds southeastward across the Persian Gulf, particularly active in summer and spring. A second pathway (35%) curves southwestward toward Africa, while a third (19%) moves northeastward toward the Caspian Sea and Kazakhstan during non-summer seasons. The fourth pathway (11%) represents high-altitude transport via mid-tropospheric westerlies, potentially reaching East Asia. Meteorological analysis suggests that dust emission potential is active year-round and is highest during summer. Summer is characterized by high temperatures (seasonal mean of

38.8^{\circ} C

), no precipitation, and the highest seasonal mean wind speeds (

5.31 m s^{- 1}

). These findings provide crucial insights into the spatial extent and seasonal variability of dust transport from the Mesopotamian Marshes, demonstrating their far-reaching impact on air quality, ecosystems, and climate in regions as distant as East Asia and North Africa, highlighting the need for targeted conservation to mitigate environmental impacts posed by dust from these degraded wetlands.

美索不达米亚沼泽位于伊拉克南部和伊朗西南部，是世界上最大的湿地生态系统之一。这些沼泽地经历了严重的退化，主要是由于人为活动，包括大规模的水坝建设，石油开采和政治冲突，将大片地区变成潜在的粉尘源。本研究利用HYSPLIT模式在2000 - 2023年生成的前向气流包轨迹（每条轨迹的计算周期为8 d）研究了该地区的风气候学，并分析了该地区沙尘的远程输送路径。通过轨迹聚类，我们确定了四种具有不同季节模式的主要运输途径。占主导地位的路径（35%）是沿着沙马风东南穿过波斯湾，在夏天和春天特别活跃。第二条路径（35%）向西南弯曲通往非洲，而第三条路径（19%）在非夏季向东北移动，通往里海和哈萨克斯坦。第四种途径（11%）代表通过对流层中西风带进行高空运输，可能到达东亚。气象分析表明，沙尘排放潜力全年活跃，夏季最大。夏季的特点是高温（季节平均38.8°C）、无降水和最高的季节平均风速（5.31毫秒−1）。这些发现为了解来自美索不达米亚沼泽的沙尘运输的空间范围和季节变化提供了重要的见解，证明了它们对东亚和北非地区的空气质量、生态系统和气候的深远影响，强调了有针对性地保护以减轻这些退化湿地的沙尘对环境造成的影响的必要性。

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引用次数: 0