Aeolian Research最新文献_第4页

Analyzing the development of two regional dust storms on Mars using MRO-MCS and Perseverance observations 利用MRO-MCS和毅力号观测分析火星上两次区域性沙尘暴的发展

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101010

Anirban Mandal, Jagabandhu Panda

Dust storms on Mars are important weather phenomena that are intricately linked to the dynamics and thermodynamics of the atmosphere. This study utilized the observations from Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) instrument onboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) and Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) onboard the Perseverance rover, to analyze the growth and development of two regional dust storms occurred in the Martian Year (MY) 36. The said dust storms were observed around L_S = 153°–156° (RDS-A) and 310°–330° (RDS-B). MCS observations realized unstable layers in the latitude range 40°S–90°N for RDS-A, and 90°S–40°N for RDS-B, mostly up to 25 km altitude. During the storms’ extension phase, a stable layer with a bridge-like structure forms at 40–60 km for RDS-A and 20–40 km for RDS-B. The mixing ratio values indicated higher availability of dust particles at 30–50 km in 40°S–40°N region for RDS-A and at 25–60 km in 90°S-40°N region for RDS-B. MEDA observations displayed a decrease in daytime ground and air temperature, but an increase during the night. The overall pressure increased during the storm, but the minimum pressure was found to decrease. Pressure variation exhibited the diurnal behavior to the presence of four components. The detection of higher number of vortices during the storms indicated the possibility of the contribution of storm-induced turbulence. The current study provided some insights on the intricate dust-lifting mechanisms, advancing the understanding of the Martian atmosphere.

火星上的沙尘暴是重要的天气现象，它与大气的动力学和热力学有着复杂的联系。本研究利用火星勘测轨道器（MRO）上的火星气候探测器（MCS）和毅力号火星车上的火星环境动力学分析仪（MEDA）的观测数据，分析了火星年（MY） 36发生的两次区域性沙尘暴的增长和发展。在LS = 153°-156°（RDS-A）和310°-330°（RDS-B）附近观测到上述沙尘暴。RDS-A和RDS-B分别在40°~ 90°N和90°~ 40°N的纬度范围内实现了MCS观测的不稳定层，高度大多在25 km以内。在风暴扩展阶段，RDS-A和RDS-B分别在40-60 km和20-40 km处形成一个具有桥状结构的稳定层。混合比值表明，RDS-A在40°S-40°N区域30 ~ 50 km和RDS-B在90°S-40°N区域25 ~ 60 km的有效度较高。MEDA观测显示白天地面和空气温度下降，但夜间升高。风暴期间总气压增加，但最小气压减小。压力变化对这四种成分的存在表现出日变化特征。在风暴期间检测到的较高数量的涡旋表明可能是风暴引起的湍流的贡献。目前的研究为复杂的尘埃提升机制提供了一些见解，促进了对火星大气的理解。

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引用次数: 0

The influence of foredune geometry on wind flow quantified from computational fluid dynamics simulations 计算流体动力学模拟量化了前丘几何形状对风的影响

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101001

Saeb Faraji Gargari, Derek Karssenberg, Gerben Ruessink

Wind flow over a coastal foredune is driven by a complex interplay of dune geometry, sand transport, and vegetation dynamics. While previous studies have explored the influence of foredune geometry and wind direction on wind flow, their combined effects remain underexplored. This study employs 3D computational fluid dynamics to investigate the impact of foredune height, stoss slope, and incident wind direction on wind flow along the seaward side. Model accuracy was validated against field measurements, then used to simulate wind flow over an idealized foredune with varying heights and slopes across 11 wind directions. Results show that foredune height has the strongest influence on flow speed-up and directional deviations. The highest (25 m) and steepest (1:2) dune experiences the largest speed-up (12) under shore-normal winds, decreasing to 4 for a 1:4 slope and to 1 for alongshore winds. For a 6 m high foredune, speed-up remains around 2, dropping to 1 only for highly oblique winds. Angle deviations across the foredune peak at 30 to 60° wind incidence, and can be up to 20° at the dune toe and crest for the highest and steepest foredune in the simulations. This study demonstrates how combined dune geometry properties – specifically height and slope – along with the incident wind direction influence wind speed-up over foredunes. These findings improve our understanding of sand transport, coastal dune evolution, and artificial dune design, particularly in anticipation of future work that will couple wind flow models with sediment transport models to assess morphological changes under varying wind conditions.

沿海前沙丘上的风流是由沙丘几何形状、沙输运和植被动态等复杂的相互作用驱动的。虽然以往的研究已经探讨了前丘几何形状和风向对风流动的影响，但它们的综合作用尚未得到充分的探讨。采用三维计算流体力学方法研究了前丘高度、坡面坡度和入射风向对向海侧风向的影响。通过现场测量验证了模型的准确性，然后用于模拟在11个风向上具有不同高度和坡度的理想前沙丘上的风流。结果表明，前丘高度对水流加速和方向偏差的影响最大。最高（25米）和最陡（1:2）的沙丘在海岸正常风下加速最大（12），在1:4坡度下加速为4，在沿岸风下加速为1。对于6米高的前沙丘，加速保持在2左右，只有在高度斜风时才降至1。在30 ~ 60°风入射角范围内，前沙丘峰顶的角度偏差最大，在最高和最陡的前沙丘峰顶和沙丘脚趾的角度偏差最大可达20°。本研究展示了沙丘的几何特性-特别是高度和坡度-以及入射风向如何影响前沙丘上的风速加速。这些发现提高了我们对沙输运、海岸沙丘演化和人工沙丘设计的理解，特别是对未来将风流模型与泥沙输运模型相结合以评估不同风条件下形态变化的工作的预期。

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引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal dynamics and evolution of wind-sand along the Jiangjunmiao-Naomaohu Railway: Insights into patterns of wind-sand hazards based on a two-year field monitoring and mitigation exploration 蒋军庙—直毛湖铁路风沙时空动态与演变——基于2年野外监测与减灾探索的风沙灾害模式

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101004

Yupeng Shen , Lin Wang , Jamlick Kariuki , Xuedong Zhang , Zhisheng Liu , Yunxi Han , Dongtao Zhang , Shunyuan Zhong

The spatiotemporal dynamics of wind-sand along railway lines and the underlying evolution patterns of wind-sand hazards form the foundation for hazard prevention in wind-sand regions. Utilising a self-developed field wind-sand monitoring system, this study conducted a two-year comprehensive monitoring of wind-sand activity along the Jiangjunmiao-Naomaohu Railway (JNR). The main results are as follows: The abundant sand supply is the principal driver of the significant increase in aeolian sand suspension along the JNR. The sediment transport in regions with abundant sand sources is 1300–1900% higher than in areas with scarce sand sources, demonstrating pronounced seasonal and temporal variations in wind-sand hazards. Wind speed and frequency are the dominant factors in evaluating the severity of wind-sand hazards in the study area. High-frequency strong winds exacerbate higher-grade wind-sand hazards along the railway line. Compared to sandy gobi, railway sections characterized by gravel gobi geomorphology exhibit more severe wind-sand hazard features, including increased fine particle leap heights and higher wind speeds. However, a favourable trend is also observed, with reduced sediment transport, insufficient temporal variability, and a decline in the severity of wind-sand hazards. Influenced by the Westerlies, the wind direction along the railway is predominantly unidirectional, primarily oriented towards NW, WNW, W, and WSW, providing critical insights for developing effective windblown sand mitigation strategies. Based on the above results, this study proposes a sustainable and eco-friendly windbreak and sand fixation system to address wind-sand hazards along the JNR effectively. The system aims to ensure the safety of railway transportation and promote sustainable development.

铁路沿线风沙时空动态特征和风沙灾害的演变规律为风沙区风沙灾害防治提供了基础。利用自主开发的野外风沙监测系统，对军庙至直毛湖铁路沿线风沙活动进行了为期两年的综合监测。研究结果表明：丰富的沙源是青藏高原风沙悬浮量显著增加的主要驱动因素；沙源丰富地区的输沙量比沙源稀少地区高1300 ~ 1900%，风沙灾害表现出明显的季节和时间变化。风速和频率是评价研究区风沙灾害严重程度的主导因子。高频强风加剧了铁路沿线的高等级风沙灾害。与沙质戈壁相比，砾石戈壁地形特征的铁路路段表现出更严重的风沙危害特征，包括细粒跳跃高度增加和风速增加。然而，也观察到有利的趋势，泥沙输运减少，时间变率不足，风沙灾害的严重程度下降。受西风带的影响，铁路沿线的风向以单向为主，主要为NW、WNW、W和WSW，这为制定有效的风沙治理策略提供了重要的见解。在此基础上，本研究提出了可持续生态的防风固沙系统，以有效解决JNR沿线的风沙危害。该制度旨在确保铁路运输的安全，促进可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

Simulation of aerodynamic entrainment of sand particles on an up-sloping bed using the discrete element method 用离散元法模拟上斜坡床上沙粒的气动夹带

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100979

Xiaolan Yu , Zhengshi Wang , Shuming Jia

Aeolian sediment transport is the main cause of natural disasters such as dust storms and land degradation in arid and semi-arid regions, with aerodynamic entrainment being a key physical process. While most studies on aerodynamic entrainment focus on flat beds, the aerodynamic entrainment of sand particles on sloping beds remains underexplored. In this study, models of sand beds sloping at angles ranging from 0° to 20° were developed using the discrete element method, and the aerodynamic entrainment process on these beds was simulated. The results indicate that the inhibitory effect on aerodynamic entrainment increases considerably with slope angle. Compared to those for flat beds, the threshold friction velocity and response time of aerodynamic entrainment on sloping beds increase by approximately 50%, while the entrainment rate decreases by almost 90% at a slope angle of 20°. From a particle motion perspective, sand particles on a sloping bed require more energy to detach from the bed, resulting in an increase of almost 55% in rolling distance and number of collisions compared to that for a flat bed. In this study, an aerodynamic entrainment scheme for sloping beds was proposed, enhancing the understanding of wind-blown sand movement in real terrains and improving prediction accuracy.

风沙输运是干旱半干旱区沙尘暴、土地退化等自然灾害发生的主要原因，其中气动夹带是一个关键的物理过程。虽然大多数关于气动夹带的研究都集中在平坦层上，但对斜坡层上沙粒的气动夹带研究尚不充分。采用离散元法建立了倾角为0°~ 20°的砂层模型，并对砂层的气动夹带过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明，坡角越大，对气动夹带的抑制作用越强。当坡角为20°时，与平坦层相比，倾斜层气动夹带的阈值摩擦速度和响应时间增加了约50%，而夹带速率降低了近90%。从颗粒运动的角度来看，倾斜床上的沙粒需要更多的能量才能脱离床层，导致滚动距离和碰撞次数比平坦床增加近55%。本文提出了一种斜坡地层的气动夹带方案，增强了对真实地形风沙运动的认识，提高了预测精度。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing wind erosion hazard assessment: a novel framework combining integrated land susceptibility to wind erosion (ILSWE) index and machine learning algorithms (case study: Saravan area, Southeast Iran) 加强风蚀危害评估：结合综合土地风蚀易感性（ILSWE）指数和机器学习算法的新框架（以伊朗东南部Saravan地区为例）

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100995

Mojtaba Mohammadi , Hamid Gholami , Aliakbar Mohamadifar , Yougui Song , Dimitris Kaskaoutis

Wind erosion poses a significant threat to arid and semi-arid ecosystems globally, particularly in the Middle East, a major source of dust emissions. Iran, with extensive arid and semi-arid landscapes, experiences substantial economic and ecological damage from wind erosion, exceeding US$18 billion annually. This study developed a novel methodology for mapping wind erosion hazard in Saravan County, southeast Iran, addressing the critical need for accurate hazard assessment and targeted mitigation strategies. An initial wind erosion inventory map was created using the Integrated Land Susceptibility to Wind Erosion (ILSWE) model, incorporating various factors like climatic erosivity, soil erodibility, soil crust, vegetation cover, and surface roughness. This inventory was then used to train and validate three machine learning (ML) models (Bagged CART, Random Forest, and XGBoost). Model performance was evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, with the Random Forest model achieving the highest accuracy (AUC = 0.95). Results indicated that 42.7 % of the study area is classified at high or very high hazard for wind erosion, primarily located in western Saravan, characterized by degraded rangelands with sparse vegetation. Key factors influencing wind erosion hazard included elevation, clay content, and calcium carbonate content. This research demonstrates the efficacy of integrating the ILSWE model with ML techniques for accurate mapping of wind erosion hazard, providing valuable information for prioritizing mitigation efforts and promoting sustainable land management practices in arid and semi-arid environments. The developed methodology offers a transferable framework for wind erosion assessment in other vulnerable regions worldwide.

风蚀对全球干旱和半干旱生态系统构成重大威胁，特别是在中东，这是尘埃排放的主要来源。伊朗拥有广阔的干旱和半干旱景观，风蚀对经济和生态造成了巨大的破坏，每年造成的损失超过180亿美元。本研究开发了一种新的方法，用于绘制伊朗东南部Saravan县的风蚀危害地图，解决了对准确危害评估和有针对性缓解战略的迫切需求。利用综合土地风蚀敏感性（ILSWE）模型，结合气候侵蚀力、土壤可蚀性、土壤结壳、植被覆盖和地表粗糙度等各种因素，创建了初始的风蚀盘存图。然后使用该清单来训练和验证三种机器学习（ML）模型（Bagged CART， Random Forest和XGBoost）。采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析评估模型的性能，随机森林模型的准确率最高（AUC = 0.95）。结果表明：42.7%的研究区为风蚀高发区或极高发区，主要分布在萨拉万西部，以草地退化、植被稀疏为特征；影响风蚀危害的关键因素包括海拔高度、粘土含量和碳酸钙含量。这项研究证明了将ILSWE模型与ML技术结合起来精确绘制风蚀危害的有效性，为确定缓解工作的优先顺序和促进干旱和半干旱环境中的可持续土地管理实践提供了有价值的信息。所开发的方法为全球其他脆弱地区的风蚀评估提供了一个可转移的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal variations in aeolian sediment source fingerprinting using geochemical tracers and a Bayesian mixing model 基于地球化学示踪剂和贝叶斯混合模型的风成沉积物源指纹图谱的时空变化

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101008

Kazem Taherinezhad-Javazm , Kazem Nosrati , Peter Fiener

Understanding spatiotemporal variations in aeolian sediment sources is vital for developing effective soil conservation strategies in arid environments. This study quantified sediment provenance in the Daranjir Playa (Kavīr-e Dar Anjīr), central Iran, using geochemical fingerprinting combined with a Bayesian mixing model. Potential sources, including old and young alluvial fans, orchards, salt pan areas, and streambanks, were identified through field surveys and wind analyses. Thirty-two source and twenty seasonal dune samples were analyzed for 25 geochemical elements (Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, Ga, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, S, Sr, Ti, V, Zn, Zr). Conservative tracers were used to select final tracers using the Kruskal–Wallis H-test and discriminant function analysis, yielding five tracers for spring (Al, B, Mg, Ni, Zn), four for summer (Al, Mg, S, Sr), and five for autumn and winter (Al, B, Mg, Na, Sr). Source contributions were quantified with the MixSIR Bayesian model and validated through virtual mixing experiments. Wind data showed strong seasonal variability, with the highest velocities in summer and dominant sand transport in winter. Model results indicated that salt pan areas were the main sediment source in spring, autumn, and winter (90.3%, 97.4%, and 90.5%), while streambanks dominated in summer (98.3%). Model validation yielded RMSE values ranging from 0.5 to 15.0%, MAE from 0.4 to 9.8%, and an index of agreement (d) between 0.13 and 1.00. This approach elucidates the seasonal dynamics of aeolian sediment sources, reflecting surface conditions and seasonal wind variations, and supports targeted land management in desert landscapes.

了解风沙来源的时空变化对于制定有效的干旱环境土壤保持策略至关重要。利用地球化学指纹图谱结合贝叶斯混合模型，对伊朗中部达兰吉尔盐湖（kavvar īr-e Dar anjj īr）沉积物物源进行了定量分析。通过实地调查和风力分析，确定了潜在的来源，包括老的和年轻的冲积扇、果园、盐田地区和河岸。分析了32个源样和20个季节沙丘样的25种地球化学元素（Al、As、B、Ba、Be、Ca、Co、Cr、Fe、Ga、K、La、Li、Mg、Mn、Na、Ni、P、Pb、S、Sr、Ti、V、Zn、Zr）。使用保守示踪剂通过Kruskal-Wallis h检验和判别函数分析选择最终示踪剂，得到5种春季示踪剂（Al， B, Mg, Ni, Zn）， 4种夏季示踪剂（Al, Mg， S, Sr）， 5种秋季和冬季示踪剂（Al， B, Mg, Na, Sr）。使用MixSIR贝叶斯模型量化源贡献，并通过虚拟混合实验进行验证。风资料表现出强烈的季节变化，夏季风速最高，冬季输沙优势明显。模型结果表明，春季、秋季和冬季盐田区是主要的沉积物来源（90.3%、97.4%和90.5%），夏季以河岸区为主（98.3%）。模型验证的RMSE值为0.5 ~ 15.0%，MAE为0.4 ~ 9.8%，一致性指数(d)在0.13 ~ 1.00之间。该方法阐明了风成沉积物来源的季节动态，反映了地表条件和季节性风的变化，并支持了沙漠景观中有针对性的土地管理。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial and temporal variability of surface dust concentration in western Crete (Greece) – Development of a monitoring network 克里特岛西部（希腊）地表尘埃浓度的时空变化——监测网络的发展

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101005

Simon Bitzan , Fabian Kirsten , Georgios E. Christidis , Pagona Makri , Kerstin Schepanski

The influence of long-range dust on soils and different ecological processes in deposition regions in the eastern Mediterranean depends primarily on the deposited amounts and therefore on transport dynamics, while its geochemical and mineralogical composition also plays an important role. As local distributions cannot be fully represented and analyzed by satellite data due to its relatively coarse spatial and temporal resolution, ground truth data is required. For this purpose, a network of eight sampling/monitoring stations was installed around the Lefka Ori mountains in western Crete (Greece), each equipped with a deposition sampler and an optical-particle-counter in order to detect the spatial variability in dust concentration and deposition.

Measured dust concentrations for the period from March 2023 to April 2024 show significant differences between the individual site locations. By comparison with meteorological data, correlations with wind directions can be identified. Thereby, wind directions during dust events generally differ significantly between stations. Furthermore, we are able to differentiate between a fine-grained (< 1 μm in diameter) background dust load and event-based coarser-grained (1–10 μm) dust loads as well as between synoptically and regionally induced dust events. First results of mineralogical analysis clearly identify the deposited fine material to be of north African origin, indicated by the presence of kaolinite, sepiolite and palygorskite.

In combination with high-resolution meteorological data, the measurement design allows for the differentiation between the influences of synoptic and local to regional conditions and therefore contributes to a detailed understanding of dust distribution in western Crete.

东地中海沉积区远距离粉尘对土壤和不同生态过程的影响主要取决于沉积量，因此取决于输送动力学，同时其地球化学和矿物学组成也起着重要作用。由于卫星数据的时空分辨率相对较粗，无法充分表征和分析局部分布，因此需要地面真值数据。为此目的，在克里特岛西部（希腊）的Lefka Ori山脉周围安装了一个由8个采样/监测站组成的网络，每个监测站都配备了一个沉积采样器和一个光学粒子计数器，以便探测尘埃浓度和沉积的空间变动性。2023年3月至2024年4月期间测量的粉尘浓度在各个站点位置之间存在显著差异。通过与气象资料的比较，可以确定与风向的相关性。因此，在沙尘事件期间，各个站点之间的风向通常差别很大。此外，我们能够区分细粒度（直径1 μm）背景粉尘负荷和基于事件的粗粒度（1 - 10 μm）粉尘负荷，以及天气和区域诱导的粉尘事件。矿物学分析的初步结果清楚地表明，沉积的细粒物质来自北非，高岭石、海泡石和坡缕石的存在表明了这一点。结合高分辨率的气象数据，测量设计可以区分天气条件和地方到区域条件的影响，因此有助于详细了解克里特岛西部的粉尘分布。

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引用次数: 0

Off-season wind-induced soil erosion from potato fields under varying bedding preparations 不同垫层条件下马铃薯田淡季风致土壤侵蚀

IF 3.4 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.101000

Matt Ball , Guillermo Hernandez-Ramirez , Rezvan Karimi Dehkordi , Willemijn Appels , Sheng Li

Annually, global soil erosion is estimated at 75 billion tonnes, costing approximately US$400 billion in lost agricultural productivity, highlighting the economic and environmental significance of effective soil management. Potato fields are particularly susceptible to wind erosion during the off-season, due to extensive soil exposure. In Southern Alberta, fall bedding is a common management practice, involving bedding preparation in the fall rather than spring. Fall bedding presents logistical and economic advantages to producers, but it may increase the risk of off-season wind erosion due to increased soil disturbance. To investigate this, wind erosion was measured using Modified Wilson and Cook (MWAC) samplers and modelled with the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) model across three off-seasons (2021–2024) at the Lethbridge Polytechnic Irrigation Demo Farm. Rates of wind-induced soil erosion were evaluated under three bedding types: spring bedding, spring bedding following a winter cover crop, and fall bedding. The measured and modelled rates indicate that fall bedding experienced the greatest rates of wind-induced erosion across all three off-season periods. On average, off-season wind-induced erosion under fall bedding was 20 times higher than that under both spring beddings. The study found that the WEPS model closely aligns with measured data, showing high model accuracy (R² = 0.9327, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) = 0.9058). Statistical analyses revealed significant differences in erosion rates across bedding types (P < 0.05), with fall bedding consistently leading to higher erosion. The benefits of winter cover crops prior to spring bedding were less pronounced, suggesting that winter cover cropping may offer minimal additional erosion reduction compared to spring bedding alone when following a cereal crop. These findings advocate for the adoption of spring bedding to reduce off-season wind erosion and its associated economic and environmental costs. The results also underscore the importance of considering both economic and long-term sustainability when selecting bedding practices in potato cultivation.

据估计，全球每年的土壤侵蚀量为750亿吨，农业生产力损失约为4000亿美元，这凸显了有效土壤管理的经济和环境意义。由于大面积的土壤暴露，马铃薯田在淡季特别容易受到风蚀。在阿尔伯塔省南部，秋季床上用品是一种常见的管理做法，包括在秋季而不是春季准备床上用品。秋季垫层为生产者提供了物流和经济优势，但由于土壤扰动增加，它可能增加淡季风蚀的风险。为了研究这一点，在莱斯布里奇理工学院灌溉示范农场，使用改良威尔逊和库克（MWAC）采样器测量了风蚀，并使用风蚀预测系统（WEPS）模型模拟了三个非季节（2021-2024）的风蚀。在三种层理下评估了风蚀率：春季层理、冬季覆盖作物后的春季层理和秋季层理。测量和模拟的速率表明，在所有三个淡季期间，秋季垫层经历了最大的风蚀速率。平均而言，秋季层理下的淡季风蚀是春季层理下的20倍。研究发现，WEPS模型与实测数据吻合较好，模型精度较高（R2 = 0.9327， Nash-Sutcliffe效率(NSE) = 0.9058）。统计分析显示，不同层理类型的侵蚀速率存在显著差异（P < 0.05），而落层理始终导致更高的侵蚀。在春季垫层之前种植冬季覆盖作物的好处不太明显，这表明与单独种植春季垫层相比，在谷物作物之后种植冬季覆盖作物可能提供最小的额外侵蚀减少。这些发现提倡采用春季垫层来减少淡季风蚀及其相关的经济和环境成本。结果还强调了在马铃薯种植中选择床上措施时考虑经济和长期可持续性的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the atmospheric and ecological impacts of a major dust storm: Insights from WRF–Chem simulations 探索大沙尘暴对大气和生态的影响：来自WRF-Chem模拟的见解

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100977

Hongwei Yang, Wenxuan Fu

Sand and dust storm (SDS) is disastrous weather phenomenon on a global scale. Previous studies have demonstrated that SDS significantly affects weather, air quality, and human health. However, the interaction between SDS and ecological systems has previously been underexplored. In this study, we aim to elucidate the impact mechanisms of SDS on vegetation dynamics. We employed Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model with Chemistry (WRF–Chem) to investigate the severe SDS in East Asia in May 2017. Our results reveal that the WRF–Chem model reasonably reproduced the large scale eastward movement of the SDS caused by the Mongolia cyclone in multiple aspects. SDS decreased downward shortwave (SW) radiation at surface (DSWS) and increased longwave radiation at the surface, causing non-uniform spatiotemporal changes in skin temperature (SKT) determined by the local surface energy balance. Crucially, SDS detrimentally impacted gross primary production (GPP) during the critical germination phases, with reductions in GPP exceeding 10% in certain areas. The total reductions were −20.17 kt, −81.55 kt, and −218.88 kt, respectively for May 2, 3, and 4 over the domain. Changes in GPP were attributed to variations in SKT and DSWS, as determined by calculating the partial correlation coefficients (PCC). The sensitivity, magnitude, and direction of GPP variation due to SKT and DSWS were influenced by altitude, which inherently affects radiation levels. These variations were further modulated by local conditions, including moisture availability. Our study illuminates the interaction between SDS and ecological systems, a subject that has been poorly understood.

沙尘暴是全球性的灾害性天气现象。以前的研究表明，SDS显著影响天气、空气质量和人类健康。然而，SDS与生态系统之间的相互作用尚未得到充分的研究。在本研究中，我们旨在阐明SDS对植被动态的影响机制。我们采用天气研究与预报（WRF）模型和化学（WRF - chem）模型对2017年5月东亚地区的严重SDS进行了研究。结果表明，WRF-Chem模式在多个方面合理再现了蒙古气旋引起的SDS大尺度东移。SDS降低了地表向下的短波（SW）辐射，增加了地表的长波辐射，导致由局部地表能量平衡决定的皮肤温度（SKT）时空变化不均匀。重要的是，在关键发芽期，SDS对总初级产量（GPP）产生不利影响，某些地区的GPP下降幅度超过10%。5月2日、3日和4日的总减少量分别为- 20.17 kt、- 81.55 kt和- 218.88 kt。GPP的变化归因于SKT和DSWS的变化，这是通过计算偏相关系数（PCC）确定的。由SKT和DSWS引起的GPP变化的敏感性、幅度和方向受海拔高度的影响，而海拔高度本身也会影响辐射水平。这些变化受到当地条件的进一步调节，包括水分的可用性。我们的研究阐明了SDS和生态系统之间的相互作用，这是一个知之甚少的主题。

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引用次数: 0

Suspended sediment transport over the lee slope and forest canopy downwind of a large Blowout/Parabolic dune 大型抛物沙丘背风坡和林冠下风的悬沙输运

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100974

Brian Bodenbender , Brian Yurk , Suzanne DeVries-Zimmerman , Blake Harlow , Randall J. Schaetzl , Edward Hansen

Green Mountain Beach Dune is a large trough blowout migrating into a deciduous forest on the southeast shore of Lake Michigan, USA. Video cameras focused on the lee-slope of the dune recorded suspended sand transport in turbulent eddies rotating around both horizontal and vertical axes. A line of cups mounted on posts captured grainfall on the lee slope during a high wind event on November 21, 2017. Sediment mass in these traps decreased exponentially with distance from the brink. The relatively high half-length (distance at which 50 % of the sand has been deposited) of 6.2 m suggests that turbulence aids sand suspension. An array of grainfall traps in the forest beyond the base of the lee slope was sampled during 26 intervals over 30 months. Sediment masses in the forest traps decreased exponentially with distance from the dune with a mean half-distance of 46.7 m when leaves were off the trees and 62.6 m when leaves were on. We hypothesize that turbulence above the forest aids in suspending sand which also bounces off leaves and branches along the canopy. Sand in the grainfall traps fines with distance from the dune brink more rapidly in the lee slope than in the forest traps. Transport of sand beyond the lee slope plays a rather small part in the overall dune budget. However the relatively long distances of transport suggest that sand deposited within bogs or lakes can be a proxy for aeolian activity in an upwind dune.

绿山沙滩沙丘是一个巨大的槽状沙丘，向美国密歇根湖东南岸的落叶林中迁移。摄像机集中在沙丘的背风坡上，记录了围绕水平轴和垂直轴旋转的湍流漩涡中悬浮沙粒的运输。2017年11月21日，大风期间，一排安装在柱子上的杯子捕捉了背风坡上的颗粒。这些圈闭中的沉积物质量随着离边缘的距离呈指数递减。相对较高的6.2米半长（50%的沙沉积的距离）表明湍流有助于沙的悬浮。在30个月的时间里，在背风坡底部以外的森林中，以26个间隔取样了一系列的颗粒捕集器。随着离沙丘距离的增加，森林捕集器沉积物质量呈指数递减，落叶时平均半距离为46.7 m，落叶时平均半距离为62.6 m。我们假设森林上方的湍流有助于悬浮沙子，这些沙子也会沿着树冠从树叶和树枝上反弹。随着距离沙丘边缘的距离增加，背风坡上的沙粒沉降比森林中的沙粒沉降更快。背风坡以外的沙输运在整个沙丘收支中起着相当小的作用。然而，相对较长的运输距离表明，在沼泽或湖泊中沉积的沙子可以代表逆风沙丘的风成活动。

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引用次数: 0