Aeolian Research最新文献_第5页

Suspended sediment transport over the lee slope and forest canopy downwind of a large Blowout/Parabolic dune 大型抛物沙丘背风坡和林冠下风的悬沙输运

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100974

Brian Bodenbender , Brian Yurk , Suzanne DeVries-Zimmerman , Blake Harlow , Randall J. Schaetzl , Edward Hansen

Green Mountain Beach Dune is a large trough blowout migrating into a deciduous forest on the southeast shore of Lake Michigan, USA. Video cameras focused on the lee-slope of the dune recorded suspended sand transport in turbulent eddies rotating around both horizontal and vertical axes. A line of cups mounted on posts captured grainfall on the lee slope during a high wind event on November 21, 2017. Sediment mass in these traps decreased exponentially with distance from the brink. The relatively high half-length (distance at which 50 % of the sand has been deposited) of 6.2 m suggests that turbulence aids sand suspension. An array of grainfall traps in the forest beyond the base of the lee slope was sampled during 26 intervals over 30 months. Sediment masses in the forest traps decreased exponentially with distance from the dune with a mean half-distance of 46.7 m when leaves were off the trees and 62.6 m when leaves were on. We hypothesize that turbulence above the forest aids in suspending sand which also bounces off leaves and branches along the canopy. Sand in the grainfall traps fines with distance from the dune brink more rapidly in the lee slope than in the forest traps. Transport of sand beyond the lee slope plays a rather small part in the overall dune budget. However the relatively long distances of transport suggest that sand deposited within bogs or lakes can be a proxy for aeolian activity in an upwind dune.

绿山沙滩沙丘是一个巨大的槽状沙丘，向美国密歇根湖东南岸的落叶林中迁移。摄像机集中在沙丘的背风坡上，记录了围绕水平轴和垂直轴旋转的湍流漩涡中悬浮沙粒的运输。2017年11月21日，大风期间，一排安装在柱子上的杯子捕捉了背风坡上的颗粒。这些圈闭中的沉积物质量随着离边缘的距离呈指数递减。相对较高的6.2米半长（50%的沙沉积的距离）表明湍流有助于沙的悬浮。在30个月的时间里，在背风坡底部以外的森林中，以26个间隔取样了一系列的颗粒捕集器。随着离沙丘距离的增加，森林捕集器沉积物质量呈指数递减，落叶时平均半距离为46.7 m，落叶时平均半距离为62.6 m。我们假设森林上方的湍流有助于悬浮沙子，这些沙子也会沿着树冠从树叶和树枝上反弹。随着距离沙丘边缘的距离增加，背风坡上的沙粒沉降比森林中的沙粒沉降更快。背风坡以外的沙输运在整个沙丘收支中起着相当小的作用。然而，相对较长的运输距离表明，在沼泽或湖泊中沉积的沙子可以代表逆风沙丘的风成活动。

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引用次数: 0

On the relationship between air pollution indices and risk level of dust-related diseases and associated hospitalization 大气污染指数与粉尘相关疾病风险水平及住院治疗的关系

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100972

Abbas Miri

The air quality index (AQI), PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 reflect the level of air pollution and are used to assess the risk level of dust-related diseases and hospitalization. Previous studies have assessed the hospital admissions in relation to individual (e.g., PM₁₀) or multiple air pollutants (AQI, PM₁₀, and PM_2.5) to examine the efficacy of these indices in reflecting health risks. This study examined the efficacy of air pollutants (AQI, PM₁₀, and PM_2.5) and dust storm indices (wind speed, visibility and dust storm index (DSI)) in reflecting health risks. Hospital admissions for respiratory, eye, and cardiovascular diseases were received from the Zabol Medical Emergency Center during 13 dust storm events in 2022 and 20 events in 2023. PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ were gathered from the Zabol University of Medical Sciences, and visibility and wind speed were collected from the Zabol meteorological station from May 2022 to Dec 2023. The results revealed AQI > 100 and an increase in hospital admissions with increasing AQI during the period of study. The greatest hospital admissions were observed in June and July 2023, consistent with highest levels of PM₁₀ and values of DSI. Significant positive correlations were found between hospital admissions and both air pollutants and dust storm indices. AQI, DSI, Vis < 2 km (visibility < 2 km) and wind speed showed the highest correlations (r² > 81). AQI and Vis < 2 km were the dominant factors contributing to hospital admissions. Further, the results suggested that AQI, PM₁₀, visibility, and DSI can function as a tool for risk communication and assessment of dust-related disease and hospitalization risk.

空气质量指数（AQI）、PM10和PM2.5反映了空气污染水平，并用于评估与粉尘有关的疾病和住院的风险水平。以前的研究评估了与单个（如PM10）或多种空气污染物（AQI、PM10和PM2.5）相关的住院率，以检验这些指标在反映健康风险方面的功效。本研究考察了空气污染物（AQI、PM10和PM2.5）和沙尘暴指数（风速、能见度和沙尘暴指数（DSI））在反映健康风险方面的功效。在2022年的13次沙尘暴和2023年的20次沙尘暴期间，扎博尔医疗急救中心接收了呼吸道、眼部和心血管疾病的入院治疗。2022年5月至2023年12月，PM2.5和PM10数据来自扎博尔医科大学，能见度和风速数据来自扎博尔气象站。结果显示：AQI >；在研究期间，随着空气质量指数的增加，住院率也随之增加。2023年6月和7月住院人数最多，与PM10和DSI的最高水平一致。住院人数与空气污染物指数和沙尘暴指数均呈显著正相关。AQI， DSI, Vis <；2公里(能见度<；2 km)和风速的相关性最高(r2 >；81)。AQI与Vis；2公里是导致住院的主要因素。结果表明，AQI、PM10、能见度和DSI可以作为风险沟通和评估粉尘相关疾病和住院风险的工具。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of the gravel-vegetation combination on shear-stress partitioning and sand transport rate 砾石-植被组合对剪切应力分配和输沙速率的影响

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100973

Liqiang Kang, Xiaomei Wang, Xueyong Zou, Zhicheng Yang

The existing research mainly focuses on the influence of a single type of roughness element on shear-stress partitioning and sediment transport. However, when the two types of roughness elements (such as gravel and vegetation) coexist, the laws of shear-stress partitioning and sediment transport are still unclear. Two different types of roughness elements are selected (one is the cylindrical gravel model, and the other is the flexible plant model). The distribution of surface shear stress, total shear stress and sand transport rate on different gravel-vegetation surfaces were measured in a wind tunnel. The results show that the shear-stress partitioning on gravel-vegetation surfaces is expressed as a function of the gravel lateral cover and the plant lateral cover, and the model parameters can be approximately characterized by the model parameters of gravel-only surface and vegetation-only surface. The sand transport rate on gravel-vegetation surface is related to the probability density function of surface shear stress which is expressed as a normal distribution function. For gravel lateral cover greater than 0.025, the parameter C in the model of sand transport rate decreases linearly with increasing gravel lateral cover and increases linearly with increasing plant frontal area, but is not influenced by plant lateral cover. The non-dimensional sand transport rate of gravel-vegetation surface decays exponentially with total lateral cover, and its decay rate is smaller than that of gravel-only surface, but larger than that of vegetation-only surface. The present research is helpful to improve wind erosion model in the future.

现有的研究主要集中在单一类型的粗糙度元素对剪切应力分配和输沙的影响。然而，当两种粗糙度元素（如砾石和植被）共存时，剪切应力分配和输沙规律尚不清楚。选择了两种不同类型的粗糙度单元（一种是圆柱形砾石模型，另一种是柔性植物模型）。在风洞中测量了不同砾石-植被表面剪应力、总剪应力和输沙率的分布。结果表明：砾石-植被表面的剪应力分区是砾石侧盖层和植物侧盖层的函数，模型参数可以近似表征为纯砾石面和纯植被面的模型参数。砾石-植被表面输沙率与地表剪应力的概率密度函数有关，剪应力的概率密度函数表示为正态分布函数。当砾石侧盖度大于0.025时，输沙率模型中的参数C随砾石侧盖度的增加而线性减小，随植物前缘面积的增加而线性增大，但不受植物侧盖度的影响。砾石-植被地表的无因次输沙率随总侧盖度呈指数衰减，其衰减率小于纯砾石地表，但大于纯植被地表。本文的研究有助于今后风蚀模型的完善。

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引用次数: 0

Magnetic characteristics and source analysis of modern snow dust from the Tianshan Mountains 天山现代雪尘的磁性特征及来源分析

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100970

Yan Liu , Jia Jia , Lai Zhao , Yixiao Zhang , Junhuai Yang , Zhenhao Zhu , Yijiao Fan , Ziwei Tao , Zhenyuan Yao

Dust deposited in high-altitude snow is often exceptionally well-preserved, making high-altitude snow deposits an excellent medium for studying dust fluxes. We investigated the magnetic characteristics of snow dust at high altitudes in the Tianshan Mountains and then determined its potential source areas. Our results indicated the following: 1) The magnetic mineralogy of snow dust at high altitudes in the Tianshan Mountains is mainly magnetite with a minor amount of hematite. 2) There is a significant pollution contribution to the high-altitude snow in the Tianshan Mountains, as well as a natural contribution from surface sediments in the Yili Basin. 3) Composite fingerprint factor analysis showed that the relative contribution of anthropogenic pollution to snow dust in the Tianshan Mountains is about 6–42 %. Our results also indicate that the dust release capacity of sedimentary environments in the Yili Basin can be ordered as: desert > fluvial sediments > loess > alluvial fan.

沉积在高海拔积雪中的粉尘通常保存得非常完好，这使得高海拔积雪成为研究粉尘通量的绝佳介质。研究了天山高海拔地区积雪的磁性特征，确定了积雪的潜在源区。结果表明：1)天山高海拔地区雪尘磁性矿物学特征以磁铁矿为主，含少量赤铁矿。(2)天山地区高海拔积雪存在明显的污染贡献，伊犁盆地表层沉积物也有自然贡献。(3)综合指纹因子分析表明，人为污染对天山地区雪尘的相对贡献约为6 ~ 42%。研究结果还表明，伊犁盆地沉积环境的粉尘释放能力可划分为：荒漠；河流沉积物；黄土比;冲积扇。

引用次数: 0

East Asian winter monsoon during the late quaternary shifted the provenance of red earth in mid-subtropical China 晚第四纪东亚冬季风改变了中亚热带红土的物源

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100971

Ruifei Yu , Lidong Zhu , Ji Wang , Tianyang Wang , Zhenzhen Ma , Fengquan Li , Xiao Zhang , Guangqin Du

The loess-like Quaternary red clay (QRC) covers extensive areas in South China, making its genesis and provenance essential for interpreting this unique paleoclimate archive in subtropical regions. However, it remains unclear whether the loess-like QRC originates from local fluvial deposits, the Chinese Loess Plateau, or a mixture of both. This study investigates the provenance of the loess-like QRC in mid-subtropical China, focusing on the interaction between local and distant dust sources. To achieve this, we applied geochemical methods, including grain size analysis, mineralogy, provenance indicators, and quantitative analysis, to two loess-like QRC sections (JL and LHH). Our findings indicate that the silt fraction is more effective for provenance discrimination, necessitating caution when interpreting bulk samples. Notably, the LHH section shows a shift from a predominance of local dust at the bottom to a significantly higher contribution from distant dust at the top. This trend suggests that since around 0.44 Ma, the intensification of the East Asian Winter Monsoon (EAWM) has facilitated enhanced dust transport from Central Asia, shifting the provenance of red earth in mid-subtropical China and reinforcing the mixed-source origin of the loess-like QRC. Additionally, variations in heavy mineral content indicate weak silicate weathering and/or pedogenesis in the YBS and VYS layers, which also suggesting a dry and cold climate since 0.44 Ma. This research provides valuable insights into the sediment dynamics and climatic factors shaping the provenance of the loess-like QRC in subtropical regions.

黄土样第四纪红粘土（QRC）在华南地区分布广泛，其成因和物源对解释这一亚热带地区独特的古气候档案至关重要。然而，目前尚不清楚这种类似黄土的QRC是来自当地的河流沉积，还是中国黄土高原，还是两者的混合。本文研究了中国中亚热带黄土样QRC的物源，重点研究了局地和远地沙尘源之间的相互作用。为此，我们应用地球化学方法，包括粒度分析、矿物学、物源指标和定量分析，对两个类黄土QRC剖面（JL和LHH）进行了研究。我们的研究结果表明，泥沙分数对物源判别更有效，在解释大量样品时需要谨慎。值得注意的是，LHH剖面显示了从底部本地尘埃的优势到顶部远处尘埃的显著更高贡献的转变。这一趋势表明，自0.44 Ma左右以来，东亚冬季风（EAWM）的增强促进了中亚沙尘的增加，改变了中国中亚热带红土的来源，加强了黄土状红土的混合来源。此外，重矿物含量的变化表明YBS和VYS层的硅酸盐风化作用和/或成土作用较弱，也表明0.44 Ma以来的气候干燥寒冷。本研究对亚热带类黄土QRC物源形成的泥沙动力学和气候因素提供了有价值的认识。

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引用次数: 0

The geomorphic and palaeoenvironmental significance of water-induced horizontal layering in arid inland and coastal mediterranean interdunes 干旱内陆和沿海地中海沙丘间水致水平分层的地貌古环境意义

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-02-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100963

Giora J. Kidron , Abraham Starinsky , Joel Roskin

Aeolian-fluvial processes on Earth and Mars are drawing recent attention. Hypothesizing that water-induced horizontal layering (WIHL) may serve as an important tool for the reconstruction of the paleogeomorphology and climatology of wind-driven dunefields and sandstone, the properties of three types of WIHL are analyzed. WIHL may stem from floods, runoff or high water table, the distinction of which may be complicated. To study their unique properties and the factors responsible for their occurrence in an inland (Nizzana, Negev Desert) and coastal (Nizzanim; southern coast of Israel) dunefields, basic soil properties were analyzed: the electrical conductivity (EC), silt and clay, i.e., fines content (FC), calcium carbonate (CC), and organic carbon (OC). The findings show thin (commonly ≤ 5–6 cm-thick) disconnected FC- and CC– enriched horizontally-laid lenses within the upper soil profile of the sandy interdune, interpreted as runoff-induced sediments. Flat thick (0.5–1.0 m) and 40–60 m-diameter patches (playas) of fines-enriched sediments, scattered within the Nizzana interdunes, were interpreted as flood-induced sediments. Albic (bleached) horizons at 10–30 cm depth at the coast, which did not exhibit significant changes in FC and CC, were interpreted to result from alternating oxidation and redox sequences during occasionally high water table. The current data indicate that variability in the spatial distribution of FC, CC and OC may point to the origin and factors responsible for the occurrence of variable WIHL. This may assist geologists and sedimentologists to reconstruct high-resolution paleoenvironmental and climatological aeolian-fluvial conditions of coastal, inland and past geological sand bodies and sandstones.

地球和火星上的风成-河流过程最近引起了人们的注意。假设水致水平分层（WIHL）可以作为重建风沙场和砂岩古地貌和气候的重要工具，分析了三种类型的水致水平分层的性质。WIHL可能源于洪水、径流或高地下水位，两者的区别可能很复杂。研究它们在内陆（尼扎纳，内盖夫沙漠）和沿海(尼扎尼姆；分析了以色列南部海岸沙丘田的基本土壤性质：电导率（EC）、粉土和粘土(即细粒含量（FC）、碳酸钙（CC）和有机碳（OC）。研究结果表明，砂质沙丘间上部土壤剖面中存在薄的（通常≤5-6 cm厚）不相连的富含FC和CC的水平分布透镜体，这被解释为径流诱发的沉积物。分布在Nizzana沙丘间的平坦厚（0.5-1.0 m）和直径40-60 m的富细粒沉积物斑块（playas）被解释为洪水诱发的沉积物。沿海10-30 cm深度的白垩（漂白）层，其FC和CC没有显著变化，被解释为在偶尔高水位期间交替氧化和氧化还原序列的结果。目前的数据表明，FC、CC和OC空间分布的变异性可能指向可变WIHL发生的起源和因素。这有助于地质学家和沉积学家重建海岸、内陆和过去地质砂体和砂岩的高分辨率古环境和气候风成河流条件。

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引用次数: 0

Influences of soil moisture and vegetation cover on dust emission using satellite observations 基于卫星观测的土壤湿度和植被覆盖对沙尘排放的影响

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100961

Faisal AlNasser , Abdelghani Chehbouni , Dara Entekhabi

This study presents an observational analysis of dust emission co-factors to high winds using remote sensing data across the North Africa and Western Asia dust belt. Co-factors are parameterized in climate and weather models. Observational evidence of their role and functional dependencies advance our capability to model and predict the important role of dust in radiative processes, far-field ecological nutrient transfers, and human health impacts. We use multiple years of high-temporal resolution (hourly) dust plume data, which enables analyses of emission sources, and plume extents. It also allows us to co-locate environmental factors such as wind speed, soil moisture, and vegetation and synchronize them with the time and location of major dust emission events. We focus on the combined effect of these factors in determining the frequency and intensity of dust storms, as well as identifying wind speed thresholds for dust emission at source areas. Key findings reveal wind speed thresholds twice as high as those reported in previous studies. We focus on two case studies to demonstrate the prominence of the co-factors. The case study of the Syrian Desert during the summer of 2022 illustrates the impact of dry soil, strong winds, and declining vegetation cover on the formation of severe dust storms. Additionally, the case study of the Bodélé Depression demonstrates the influence of reduced wind speed on emission frequency. The findings offer insights into how environmental conditions influence dust emission dynamics, establishing the basis for the development of more accurate dust emission models.

本文利用北非和西亚沙尘带的遥感数据，对大风的沙尘排放辅助因子进行了观测分析。辅助因子在气候和天气模式中被参数化。它们的作用和功能依赖的观测证据提高了我们模拟和预测尘埃在辐射过程、远场生态营养转移和人类健康影响中的重要作用的能力。我们使用多年的高时间分辨率（每小时）尘羽数据，这使得分析排放源和尘羽范围成为可能。它还允许我们共同定位环境因素，如风速、土壤湿度和植被，并将它们与主要粉尘排放事件的时间和地点同步。我们重点研究这些因素的综合作用，以确定沙尘暴的频率和强度，以及确定风源地区的粉尘排放风速阈值。主要研究结果显示，风速阈值是以前研究报告的两倍。我们将重点放在两个案例研究上，以证明辅助因素的重要性。对2022年夏季叙利亚沙漠的案例研究说明了土壤干燥、强风和植被覆盖减少对严重沙尘暴形成的影响。此外，以bodsamuise洼地为例分析了风速降低对发射频率的影响。这些发现为了解环境条件如何影响粉尘排放动力学提供了见解，为开发更准确的粉尘排放模型奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Potential PM10 emission from soil affected by different temperatures in a Caldén Forest of semiarid Pampas, Argentina 阿根廷半干旱潘帕斯草原cald<s:1>森林不同温度对土壤PM10潜在排放的影响

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100962

L.A. de Oro , F. Avecilla , M.S. Larroulet , R.N. Comas , M.J. Mendez

Wind erosion is a major soil degradation process in arid and semi-arid environments, like the semi-arid region of Argentina. Xerophytic Caldén forests in these areas, often experience natural summer fires which reduce vegetation cover and its protective effect on the soil. PM10 (particles with diameters < 10 µm) emission is part of the wind erosion process. In the Caldén forest, cyclically fires affect the physico-chemical properties of the soil, depending on surface temperatures. However, information on how these changes affect soil susceptibility to wind erosion and PM10 emission is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of temperatures from 100 to 600 °C on Caldén forest soil with varying vegetation cover and its potential to emit PM10 (PE-PM10). Soil samples were collected from Grassland site (gramineous-herbaceous stratum without woody plants influence) and Forest site (shrubby and arboreal stratum). The study evaluated physical (texture, microaggregation, erodible fraction < 0.84 mm) and chemical (total organic carbon −TOC-) surface changes and PE-PM10 after exposure to different temperatures. In both sites, temperatures above 400 °C decreased TOC and altered physical properties by reducing clay and coarse sands content while increasing silt and fine sands content. Erodible fraction increased and the microaggregation decreased with rising temperature. PE-PM10 was correlated in a linear and positive way with temperature in both sites (p < 0.05), with highest emission at 600 °C. Grassland site showed higher emissions than Forest. These results suggested that higher temperatures reduced clay and TOC content, key to soil stability, leading to increased PM10 emissions as microaggregates break down.

在干旱和半干旱环境中，风蚀是一个主要的土壤退化过程，比如阿根廷的半干旱地区。这些地区的旱生棕树森林经常经历自然的夏季火灾，这减少了植被覆盖及其对土壤的保护作用。PM10(直径为<；10µm)的排放是风蚀过程的一部分。在cald森林中，周期性的火灾会影响土壤的物理化学性质，这取决于地表温度。然而，关于这些变化如何影响土壤对风蚀和PM10排放的易感性的信息有限。本研究旨在评估100 ~ 600℃温度对不同植被覆盖的卡尔卡姆森林区土壤的影响及其释放PM10 （PE-PM10）的潜力。土壤样品采集于草地样地（无木本植物影响的禾本科-草本层）和森林样地（灌木和乔木层）。该研究评估了物理织构、微聚集、可蚀分数；0.84 mm)和化学（总有机碳−TOC-）表面变化和PE-PM10暴露于不同温度后。在这两个地点，高于400°C的温度降低了TOC，改变了物理性质，减少了粘土和粗砂含量，同时增加了粉砂和细砂含量。随着温度的升高，可蚀分数增加，微团聚减少。PE-PM10与两个地点的温度呈线性正相关(p <；0.05)，在600°C时辐射最高。草地的排放量高于森林。这些结果表明，较高的温度降低了粘土和TOC含量，这是土壤稳定性的关键，导致微团聚体分解时PM10排放增加。

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引用次数: 0

Fluid-driven surface change in sediment-limited interdune environments and relevance to Titan 沉积物限制沙丘间环境中流体驱动的地表变化及其与土卫六的相关性

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2025.100960

A.L. Cohen-Zada , R.C. Ewing , J. Radebaugh

Interdune areas and purported playa-type environments in Saturn’s moon Titan’s dune fields show substantial spatial variability in radar backscatter expression. Using examples from Death Valley, the Middle East, and northern China, this work evaluates terrestrial causes of spatial backscatter heterogeneity in similar aeolian environments. It introduces the importance of temporal change detection in interdune area backscatter expression. Using optical images, time-series radar synthetic aperture radar images, and coordinated meteorological and river discharge data (where available), backscatter variations are related to spatially changing sedimentary environments within sediment-limited areas, i.e., interdune and playas, and temporally changing surface or near-surface moisture conditions. In terrestrial environments, backscatter expression varies over seasonal and annual timescales as a function of the cumulative history of surface change, primarily driven by changes in surface and near-surface moisture from either precipitation or groundwater table rise and fall. On Titan, evidence for equatorial methane flow channels suggests that arid-climate surfaces may undergo temporal evolutions like those observed on Earth. Fluid flow and evaporite formation play crucial roles in the existence and alteration of patterns in Earth’s interdunes. By analogy, these mechanisms are also expected to be at work on Titan. Despite differences between terrestrial and Titan radar observations, considering surface dynamics and evolution over time on Titan may be critical for analyzing its arid, equatorial environments.

在土星的卫星土卫六的沙丘场中，沙丘间区域和所谓的playa型环境在雷达后向散射表达中显示出实质性的空间变异性。以死亡谷、中东和中国北方为例，本研究评估了相似风沙环境下空间后向散射异质性的陆地原因。介绍了时间变化检测在沙丘间背向散射表达中的重要性。利用光学图像、时间序列雷达合成孔径雷达图像以及协调的气象和河流流量数据（如有），研究了后向散射变化与沉积受限区域（即沙丘间和playas）内沉积环境的空间变化以及地表或近地表湿度条件的时间变化有关。在陆地环境中，背向散射的表达随季节和年时间尺度的变化而变化，作为地表变化累积历史的函数，主要受降水或地下水位上升和下降引起的地表和近地表水分变化的驱动。在土卫六上，赤道甲烷流动通道的证据表明，干旱气候表面可能经历了像地球上观察到的那样的时间进化。流体流动和蒸发岩的形成对地球沙丘间格局的存在和变化起着至关重要的作用。以此类推，这些机制也有望在土卫六上发挥作用。尽管陆地和土卫六的雷达观测存在差异，但考虑土卫六上的表面动力学和随时间的演变可能对分析其干旱的赤道环境至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Aeolian influences on gully erosion in clay-rich soils in a humid subtropical climate, Southeast USA 美国东南部湿润亚热带气候中富含粘土的土壤中风沙对沟壑侵蚀的影响

IF 3.1 3区地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Aeolian Research

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2024.100959

Robert McSweeney, Ingrid Luffman, Arpita Nandi

This study evaluates aeolian processes as significant but overlooked factors in runoff-driven gully erosion in humid subtropical climates. A network of 105 erosion pins installed in gully channels, interfluves, and sidewalls on an eroding hillslope in southern Appalachia was monitored weekly (2012–2018); concurrently, meteorological data were collected on site every 5 min. Wind variables were aggregated to weekly periods and statistical analyses (correlation, autocorrelation, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression) were performed to (i) determine impacts of wind and wind-driven rain on gully erosion, (ii) assess seasonal gully erosion patterns relative to wind and wind-driven rain, and (iii) evaluate slope aspect effects on erosion of gully sidewalls. Annual OLS regression models for gully erosion using wind variables had low explanatory power (adjusted R² = 0.067 (channels) to 0.197 (sidewalls)). The greatest gully erosion activity occurred in winter and spring aligning with periods of highest wind speeds; seasonal erosion and wind patterns were confirmed with autocorrelation. Seasonal OLS regression models had higher explanatory power (adjusted R² = 0.044 to 0.367), with strongest models in autumn, suggesting seasonal importance of wind-related drivers for gully erosion. Southwesterly prevailing wind direction was normal to the gully axis, suggesting influence of slope aspect; higher erosion rates were recorded in the windward sidewalls but differences were statistically insignificant. Though rainfall and freeze–thaw activity are primary drivers of gully erosion in southern Appalachia, this analysis confirms that seasonal aeolian processes are significant contributors. These results may be used to improve standard predictive models of gully erosion in humid subtropical climates.

该研究评估了风成过程是湿润亚热带气候中径流驱动的沟道侵蚀的重要但被忽视的因素。在阿巴拉契亚南部一个受侵蚀的山坡上，每周监测105个侵蚀销钉网络，这些销钉安装在沟道、沟道和侧壁上（2012-2018）；同时，每5分钟收集一次现场气象数据。将风变量汇总到每周周期，并进行统计分析（相关、自相关、普通最小二乘（OLS）回归），以确定风和风雨对沟槽侵蚀的影响，（ii）评估相对于风和风雨的季节性沟槽侵蚀模式，（iii）评估坡向对沟槽侧壁侵蚀的影响。使用风变量的沟道侵蚀年度OLS回归模型解释力较低（调整后的R2 = 0.067（通道）至0.197（侧壁））。冬季和春季沟蚀活动最大，与风速最高的时期一致；季节侵蚀和风型具有自相关关系。季节性OLS回归模型具有较高的解释能力（调整后的R2 = 0.044 ~ 0.367），其中秋季模型的解释能力最强，说明风相关驱动因素对沟壑区侵蚀的季节性重要性。西南盛行风向与沟轴正相关，受坡向影响；在迎风侧壁处记录到较高的侵蚀速率，但差异在统计上不显著。虽然降雨和冻融活动是阿巴拉契亚南部沟沟侵蚀的主要驱动因素，但这一分析证实，季节性风成过程是重要的贡献者。这些结果可用于改进湿润亚热带气候下沟壑侵蚀的标准预测模型。

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