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The influence of backdune morphology on air flow dynamics through an excavated foredune notch 后沙丘形态对通过开挖前沙丘缺口的气流动力学的影响
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2024.100929
Duc Nguyen , Sarah Wakes , Mike Hilton

On many metropolitan and developed coasts foredunes are narrow, vegetated, highly stable and confined by hinterland development. Such foredunes are most likely to erode, rather than landward migration, in response to ongoing eustatic sea-level rise. Foredune notching may be undertaken on such coasts to facilitate sand transport through the foredune zone and accomplish degrees of foredune landward migration; however, the efficacy of this method has not been examined in relation to the backdune topography, which in many instances takes the form of a dyke or similar infrastructure.

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to investigate how the space behind a notch, and the slope of the seaward face of the backdune topography, modifies near-surface wind through foredune notches. Incident winds are simulated parallel to the notch long axis and the effects of changing backdune morphology on the secondary winds through the notch are examined. Swale widths between 3 and 53 m and hinterland gradients between 0° and 90° are examined.

Air flow through the notch is strongly influenced by the morphology of backdune infrastructure. Wind speed increases through the notch as the spacing behind the notch increases and the slope of the hinterland topography decreases. An increase in spacing reduces the landward extension of wind recirculation in the lee of the notch. To maximise notch efficiency and sediment accumulation in the lee of the foredune the minimum spacing should be 8 and 30 m when the slope of the backdune infrastructure is 20° and 90°, respectively.

在许多大都市和发达海岸,前沙丘狭窄、植被丰富、高度稳定,并受到腹地开发的限制。随着海平面的持续上升,这些前沙丘最有可能被侵蚀,而不是向陆地迁移。在这样的海岸上可能会对前沙丘进行缺口处理,以促进沙粒通过前沙丘区并实现一定程度的前沙丘向陆地迁移;然而,这种方法的有效性还没有与后沙丘地形相关的研究,后沙丘地形在许多情况下是堤坝或类似基础设施的形式。计算流体动力学(CFD)用于研究缺口后的空间和后沙丘地形向海面的坡度如何改变穿过前沙丘缺口的近地表风。模拟的入射风平行于缺口长轴,并研究变化的背风沙丘形态对穿过缺口的次生风的影响。对 3 米到 53 米之间的沼泽宽度以及 0° 到 90° 之间的腹地坡度进行了研究。随着缺口后间距的增加和腹地地形坡度的减小,通过缺口的风速也会增加。间距的增大减少了风在缺口附近的再循环向陆地的延伸。为了最大限度地提高缺口效率和前沙丘附近的沉积物堆积,当后沙丘基础设施的坡度分别为 20° 和 90° 时,最小间距应分别为 8 米和 30 米。
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引用次数: 0
Dune behavior in the Source Area of the Yellow River under climate changes observed from various remote sensing datasets 各种遥感数据集观测到的气候变化下黄河源区的沙丘行为
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2024.100928
Lukas Dörwald , Frank Lehmkuhl , Lucie Delobel , Deguo Zhang , Xiaoping Yang , Georg Stauch

Sand dunes are a landscape feature with a quick response time to climate change and human influences (e.g. grazing, greening projects, and fixation structures). Their migration rates and their development can help to gather information about changing environmental conditions over time. The Source Area of the Yellow River (SAYR), located upon the Tibetan Plateau, is highly complex with topographical, hydrological, and climatological influences on active dunes, making it a good study area for these interactions. Based on remote sensing datasets, spanning the last 54 years, 415 dunes were mapped for migration rate calculations. Further, climate data from ERA-5 reanalysis and a local climate station was used to assess their changes within a changing climate. Generally, dune migration rates are rather slow with an average of 3.62 m y-1. In accordance, the averaged resultant drift potential (RDP) values are lower than 10 m3/s−3(−|-). Further, we assessed the density development of the main active barchan dune field in direct premise of the Yellow River. Throughout the past 54 years, we observed the emergence of more than 5 new barchans per square kilometer. This increase is likely attributed to higher sand flux from the Yellow River, which has resulted from increased discharge due to declining snowfall and rising precipitation levels.

沙丘是一种对气候变化和人类影响(如放牧、绿化工程和固定结构)反应迅速的地貌特征。沙丘的迁移率及其发展有助于收集有关环境条件随时间变化的信息。位于青藏高原的黄河源头地区(SAYR)地形、水文和气候对活跃沙丘的影响非常复杂,因此是研究这些相互作用的良好区域。根据过去 54 年的遥感数据集,绘制了 415 个沙丘的迁移率计算图。此外,ERA-5 再分析和当地气候站的气候数据也用于评估沙丘在气候变化中的变化。一般来说,沙丘迁移速度相当缓慢,平均为 3.62 米/年-1。因此,平均结果漂移势(RDP)值低于 10 m3/s-3(-|-)。此外,我们还评估了黄河正前方的主要活动沙丘地的密度发展情况。在过去的 54 年中,我们观察到每平方公里出现了超过 5 个新的沙丘。沙丘密度的增加可能是由于降雪量减少和降水量增加导致黄河排沙量增加。
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引用次数: 0
Evolution of Weichselian aeolian strata on a coarse-grained substrate in a rugged piedmont topography: A case study from the foothills of the eastern Sudetes Mts., Czechia 崎岖的山麓地形中粗粒基质上的魏希塞尔风化层的演变:捷克苏台德山脉东麓案例研究
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2024.100927
Jakub Holuša , Martin Hanáček , Daniel Nývlt , Barbara Woronko , Radim Stuchlík

The southern margins of the northern European loess belt on the foothills of Eastern Sudetes Mountains are less explored sedimentation zones. This study provides new data about the development of aeolian silty-sandy sediments overlying the glaciofluvial succession on the rugged topography near the village of Kolnovice. The Kolnovice sand quarry (360 × 200 m), which lies at the margin of the upland plateau, is the only active-mined outcrop on the foothills of the Eastern Sudetes and is large enough to study Pleistocene (peri-)glacial sediments. To examine the origin of these sediments, we applied lithofacies analysis (both macro-description of outcrop walls and micromorphological study of thin sections) and surface analysis of quartz grains. Periglacial structures have been identified within the sediments, allowing us to further interpret the post-sedimentary evolution of the sedimentary succession. The studied sediments resulted from colluvial redeposition of aeolian sediments, which was controlled particularly by the topography, glaciofluvial substrate, and climatic conditions. The underlying glaciofluvial sediments are the most crucial source of the studied sediments, although the fine-grained material could have been transported from more distant areas.

东苏台德山脉山麓的北欧黄土带南缘是探索较少的沉积区。这项研究为科尔诺维采村附近地形崎岖的冰川流积演替上的风化淤积砂质沉积物的发展提供了新数据。科尔诺维采沙场(360 × 200 米)位于高地高原的边缘,是东苏台德山麓唯一一个正在开采的露头,其面积之大足以研究更新世(近)冰川沉积物。为了研究这些沉积物的起源,我们采用了岩相分析(露头岩壁的宏观描述和薄片的微观形态研究)和石英颗粒的表面分析。在沉积物中发现了围冰期结构,使我们能够进一步解释沉积演替的后沉积演化过程。所研究的沉积物是由风化沉积物经冲积重新沉积而成,主要受地形、冰川底质和气候条件的控制。尽管细粒物质可能来自更遥远的地区,但下层冰川流沉积物是所研究沉积物的最重要来源。
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引用次数: 0
Vortex core regions of nebkhas and their implications on shadow dune formation 星云涡旋核心区及其对阴影沙丘形成的影响
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2024.100926
Yongcheng Zhao, Xin Gao, Jiaqiang Lei

Shadow dunes develop at the lee side of obstacles and are scale-dependent on the obstacle size. However, our recent field investigations showed that the lengths of shadow dunes are not always proportional to the size of obstacles. In this work, field investigations and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted to study the effects of the scale and vortex of nebkhas on shadow dune development. Results show that although the shadow dune lengths are proportionate to the width (W) and height (H) of nebkhas, the increment rate decreased massively when the W and H of nebkhas are larger than 6 and 2 m, respectively. The CFD simulations suggest that the vortex core regions of the paired symmetrical reversing flow gradually move to the upwind region as the aspect ratio (H/W) of the nebkhas decreases. The size of the paired symmetrical reversing flows is reduced, and the merging of the reversing flows is prevented, potentially entraining the sediments far from the wake region. The sediments could rotate and deposit on both sides of the leeward face of the nebkhas and therefore contribute to the occurrence of short, tongue-like shadow dunes, which are particularly notable when H/W < 1. The vortex core region always occurs at the foot of the lee side of nebkhas with the same H/W regardless of the scale of the nebkhas or the incident wind speed.

阴影沙丘在障碍物的背风面形成,与障碍物的大小有关。然而,我们最近的实地调查表明,影丘的长度并不总是与障碍物的大小成正比。在这项工作中,我们进行了实地调查和计算流体动力学(CFD)模拟,以研究nebkhas的规模和涡流对影子沙丘发展的影响。结果表明,虽然阴影沙丘的长度与nebkhas的宽度(W)和高度(H)成正比,但当nebkhas的宽度和高度分别大于6米和2米时,阴影沙丘的增量率会大幅下降。CFD 模拟结果表明,随着星云长宽比(H/W)的减小,成对对称逆转流的涡核区域逐渐向上风区域移动。成对对称逆向流的规模减小,逆向流的合并受到阻碍,可能会将沉积物夹带到远离尾流区域的地方。沉积物可能会旋转并沉积在星云背风面的两侧,从而导致短舌状阴影沙丘的出现,当 H/W < 1 时尤为明显。无论星云的规模或入射风速如何,涡核区总是出现在具有相同 H/W 的星云背风面的底部。
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引用次数: 0
An explainable integrated machine learning model for mapping soil erosion by wind and water in a catchment with three desiccated lakes 用于绘制有三个干涸湖泊的集水区风蚀和水蚀土壤侵蚀图的可解释综合机器学习模型
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-04-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2024.100924
Hamid Gholami , Mehdi Jalali , Marzieh Rezaei , Aliakbar Mohamadifar , Yougui Song , Yue Li , Yanping Wang , Baicheng Niu , Ebrahim Omidvar , Dimitris G. Kaskaoutis

Soil erosion by water and wind is a critical challenge for sustainable management of catchments in drylands and accurate spatial information can help in mitigation of its destructive consequences. Here, seven machine learning (ML) models were applied to map simultaneously the water and wind erosions in the Bakhtegan catchment, south Iran, with three dried lakes in its southern part and three dams established in upstream parts of the lakes. The analysis identified 10 and 11 effective variables controlling water and wind erosions, among 20 and 17 potential variables, respectively, via the MARS feature selection algorithm. According to the most accurate ML models (artificial neural network for water erosion, and Cubist for wind erosion), an integrated model was developed to map soil erosion by water and wind simultaneously. Permutation feature importance (PFI) and Shapley additive exPlanation (SHAP) interpretation techniques were employed to explain the model outputs, revealing that 19.7 % of the total area belonged to high and very high susceptibility classes to soil erosion by water and wind. The PFI plot revealed that the slope and wind speed were the most influencing factors for water and wind erosion, respectively. According to SHAP decision plot, slope had the highest contribution on the predictive water erosion model’s output, whereas vegetation cover exhibited the highest contribution on the predictive wind erosion model’s output. Due to climate change and intensified drought during the recent years, as well as due to construction of dams upstream of the lakes, the southern part of the study area was converted to a source of sand and dust storms. The hotspots with severe water erosion are distributed all over the study area, rendering it quite vulnerable to adverse climate change projections.

水和风造成的土壤侵蚀是旱地集水区可持续管理面临的严峻挑战,而准确的空间信息有助于减轻其破坏性后果。伊朗南部的巴赫特甘集水区南部有三个干涸的湖泊,湖泊上游建有三座水坝,本文应用七个机器学习(ML)模型同时绘制了该集水区的水蚀和风蚀图。分析通过 MARS 特征选择算法,在 20 个和 17 个潜在变量中分别确定了 10 个和 11 个控制水蚀和风蚀的有效变量。根据最精确的 ML 模型(人工神经网络用于水蚀,Cubist 用于风蚀),建立了一个综合模型,以同时绘制水蚀和风蚀的土壤侵蚀图。模型输出结果显示,19.7% 的总面积属于水蚀和风蚀的高易感等级和极高易感等级。PFI 图显示,坡度和风速分别是水蚀和风蚀的最大影响因素。根据 SHAP 决策图,坡度对水蚀预测模型输出的贡献最大,而植被覆盖对风蚀预测模型输出的贡献最大。由于近年来气候变化和干旱加剧,以及在湖泊上游修建水坝,研究区南部已成为沙尘暴的源头。水土流失严重的热点地区遍布研究区,使其很容易受到不利气候变化预测的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of crop rotation, irrigation, fertilization, and tillage on the aggregate property and soil wind erosion potential in the floodplain of the Yellow River 轮作、灌溉、施肥和耕作对黄河冲积平原集料性质和土壤风蚀潜力的影响
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2024.100925
Huawei Pi , Xiuli Zhang , Sisi Li , Nicholas P. Webb

The floodplain of the Yellow River (FPYR) is threatened by severe soil erosion. Soils are often susceptible to wind erosion owing to their coarse-textures and weak aggregation, yet studies are yet to describe the ability of soils to resist wind erosion in this region. Accordingly, this study aimed to quantify how soil wind erosion potential is affected by soil aggregate properties, such as dry aggregate geometric mean diameter (GMD), aggregate geometric standard deviation (GSD), aggregate stability, and soil bulk density, and to assess the effects of soil type, crop rotation, irrigation, fertilization, and tillage treatments on these aggregate properties in the main wind erosion area across the FPYR. Significant differences in GMD and aggregate stability were found between crop rotation treatments, whereas crop rotation marginally affected the soil bulk density. Further, the impact of management practices on aggregate properties differed for each soil type. The soil aggregate erodible fraction (EF) in the FPYR ranged from 1.14 to 82.73% across sites, with a mean of 26.14% across soil types and management practices, which was lower than that previously reported in other wind erosion regions. We incorporated these measured EFs into the Revised Wind Erosion Equation (RWEQ) to evaluate the wind erosion risk of the FPYR. The results indicated that the central FPYR was more susceptible to wind erosion than the other regions, although the total wind erosion potential in the FPYR was small. Adoption of soil conservation practices could help minimize wind erosion and improve atmospheric quality in the region.

黄河泛滥平原(FPYR)受到严重水土流失的威胁。由于土壤质地粗、聚集性弱,通常容易受到风力侵蚀,但有关该地区土壤抵御风力侵蚀能力的研究尚不多见。因此,本研究旨在量化土壤风蚀潜力如何受到干集料几何平均直径(GMD)、集料几何标准偏差(GSD)、集料稳定性和土壤容重等土壤集料特性的影响,并评估整个山南地区主要风蚀区的土壤类型、轮作、灌溉、施肥和耕作处理对这些集料特性的影响。结果发现,不同轮作处理之间的全球降水量和集料稳定性存在显著差异,而轮作对土壤容重的影响微乎其微。此外,每种土壤类型的管理方法对骨料特性的影响也不尽相同。青藏高原各地点的土壤团聚体可侵蚀率(EF)从 1.14% 到 82.73% 不等,不同土壤类型和管理措施的平均值为 26.14%,低于其他风蚀地区的报告值。我们将这些测得的 EF 值纳入修订的风蚀方程 (RWEQ),以评估该地区的风蚀风险。结果表明,与其他地区相比,山南地区中部更容易遭受风蚀,尽管山南地区的总风蚀潜力很小。采用水土保持措施有助于最大限度地减少风蚀,改善该地区的大气质量。
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引用次数: 0
Morphological and sedimentary characteristics of raked linear dunes in the southeastern Taklimakan Desert, China 中国塔克拉玛干沙漠东南部耙状线形沙丘的形态和沉积特征
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2024.100923
Fang Ma, Ping Lü, Min Cao, Junlin Yu, Zishu Xia

Raked linear dunes were rarely reported, except in the Kumtagh Desert, leaving little known about the dynamic process. However, numerous raked linear dunes have formed in the Kat Kum dunefield of the southeastern Taklimakan Desert, which provides a new case to study the morphodynamics of these dunes. We conducted a comprehensive analysis on the dune morphometry, wind regime, sedimentary characteristics, and sand availability of these dunes. We found that grain size variation is an essential factor affecting the formation of raked linear dunes in addition to wind regime and limited sand availability. These dunes in the Kat Kum present small scale and easily reshaped with fast migration rate compared with these in the Kumtagh Desert, and distributed in areas with low sand cover. The primary ridge extended obliquely to the resultant drift direction, whereas the subsidiary ridge extend is nearly parallel to this direction. The grain size of the primary ridge is noticeably coarser than that of the subsidiary ridge. These dunes seem to have evolved from barchans. Under a north-northeast wind, barchans reshaped to asymmetrical barchans by extending their southeast limbs and eroding their northwest limbs, causing the ridge to be oblique to the resultant drift direction. The strong east-northeast wind erodes and reshapes the primary ridge, transporting fine sand to the northwest and resulting in the formation of proto-subsidiary ridges. With the elongation and lateral movement of primary ridge, a continuous subsidiary ridge with regular dune spacing forms on the northwest flank.

除库姆塔格沙漠外,很少有关于耙状线形沙丘的报道,因此对其动态过程知之甚少。然而,在塔克拉玛干沙漠东南部的吉库姆沙丘区形成了许多耙状线形沙丘,这为研究这些沙丘的形态动力学提供了一个新的案例。我们对这些沙丘的形态、风力、沉积特征和沙的可利用性进行了全面分析。我们发现,除了风力和有限的沙子供应量之外,粒度变化也是影响耙状线形沙丘形成的一个重要因素。与库姆塔格沙漠的沙丘相比,吉库姆的这些沙丘规模小,易重塑,迁移速度快,且分布在沙覆盖率较低的地区。主脊斜向漂移方向延伸,而副脊的延伸方向几乎与漂移方向平行。主脊的粒度明显比副脊粗。这些沙丘似乎是由沙丘演变而来的。在东北偏北风的作用下,巴坎沙丘通过延伸其东南肢和侵蚀其西北肢,重塑为不对称的巴坎沙丘,导致沙脊与漂移方向相斜。强劲的东-东北风侵蚀并重塑了主脊,将细沙输送到西北部,从而形成了原副脊。随着主脊的伸长和横向移动,在西北侧形成了沙丘间距规则的连续副脊。
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引用次数: 0
Simulations of dune morphology under tri-directional wind regimes and application to dunes on Mars 三向风机制下的沙丘形态模拟及在火星沙丘上的应用
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2024.100922
David M. Rubin , Olivier Rozier , Clément Narteau , Sylvain Courrech du Pont

Dune morphology was simulated using coupled models of wind flow and sand transport for 4728 tri-directional wind regimes and bed conditions. The dominant control of dune morphology is sand coverage on the bed. Dunes on a fully sand-covered bed tend to form a periodic pattern of long crests with a relatively uniform spacing. In contrast, dunes on a starved bed have greater diversity of crest orientations and shapes, including complex shapes that have not been simulated or observed in bidirectional wind regimes. These specific dune shapes resulting from the tri-directional wind regime persist regardless of whether the transport capacity of the weakest wind is comparable to or only 1/10th that of the dominant wind.

On sand-covered beds, dunes generally have only a single modal orientation (approximately that with maximum gross bedform-normal transport). The exceptions are where two strong winds diverge by 90° (two dune orientations arise), where three winds have triradial symmetry (three dune orientations), or winds have modest deviations from triradial symmetry (two dune orientations).

On a starved bed, increasing the divergence angle between two strong winds produces a highly generalized sequence of: barchan dunes (divergence angle ∼30° between the two dominant winds), squat barchans or domes (divergence angle of ∼60°), dunes with two or three crest orientations (divergence angles ∼90° or 120°), to slug-shaped or boomerang-shaped dunes (divergence angle 180°, i.e., reversing winds). The simulated morphologies include a wide variety of Martian dune shapes, which allows their formative wind regimes to be inferred.

沙丘形态是利用风流和输沙耦合模型模拟的,适用于 4728 种三向风机制和沙床条件。沙丘形态的主要控制因素是沙床的沙覆盖率。完全被沙子覆盖的沙床上的沙丘往往会形成间距相对均匀的长沙丘的周期性形态。与此相反,缺乏沙粒的沙床上的沙丘在沙峰方向和形状上具有更大的多样性,包括在双向风机制中没有模拟或观测到的复杂形状。无论最弱风的输送能力是与主导风相当还是仅为主导风的 1/10,三向风机制产生的这些特定沙丘形状都会持续存在。例外情况是两股强风相差 90°(出现两个沙丘方向),三股风呈三径向对称(三个沙丘方向),或风与三径向对称略有偏差(两个沙丘方向)。在一个饥饿的海床上,两股强风之间的发散角增大会产生一个高度概括的序列:拱形沙丘(两股主导风之间的发散角∼30°)、下蹲的拱形沙丘或圆丘(发散角∼60°)、有两个或三个沙丘峰方向的沙丘(发散角∼90°或120°),到蛞蝓形或回旋镖形沙丘(发散角180°,即反向风)、反向风)。模拟的形态包括各种各样的火星沙丘形状,从而可以推断出它们的形成风向。
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引用次数: 0
The indicative significance of grain size end-members and quartz surface microtextural features in Beglitsa loess sections at the Sea of Azov 亚速海 Beglitsa 黄土剖面中粒度末级分子和石英表面微纹理特征的指示意义
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2024.100921
Ye Liang , Taibao Yang , Lindong Wang , Peihong Shi , G.G. Matishovc , A.A. Velichko , Biao Zeng

The loess accumulation processes in the Azov Sea region leaves a record of atmospheric circulation trends in southern Russia, which can be used to explore aeolian dynamics and atmospheric circulation evolution. However, the historical aeolian transportation and accumulation processes of the loess deposits in this region remain controversial, which limits our understanding of aeolian dust dynamics. In the present study, based on grain size analysis and scanning electron microscopy imaging, grain size end-member and microtextural characteristics of loess sediments in the Beglitsa section of the Sea of Azov were studied to reveal their sedimentary environments and processes. According to the results, the Beglitsa section exhibits typical characteristics of aeolian sediment. EM analysis revealed that the Sea of Azov loess is composed of materials from both distant and proximal sources transported by high-altitude westerly and mesoscale regional winds, respectively. Particle shape and morphology indicated that the Azov loess materials have experienced wind and flow action. The application of the two methods revealed that the formation of the Azov loess is a complex process from source to sink. It results from the combined effects of high-altitude westerly winds, low-altitude local wind systems, and near-surface air flow in the course of development, which is also influenced by sea-level rise and fall. The results of the present study lay a foundation for the interpretation of historical aeolian dynamics and environmental significance of the Azov loess.

亚速海地区的黄土堆积过程留下了俄罗斯南部大气环流趋势的记录,可用于探索风化动力学和大气环流演变。然而,该地区黄土沉积的历史风化搬运和堆积过程仍存在争议,这限制了我们对风化尘动态的了解。本研究以粒度分析和扫描电子显微镜成像为基础,研究了亚速海 Beglitsa 断面黄土沉积物的粒度末段特征和微纹理特征,以揭示其沉积环境和过程。研究结果表明,Beglitsa 断面具有典型的风成沉积物特征。电磁分析表明,亚速海黄土由分别来自高空西风和中尺度区域风的远源和近源物质组成。颗粒形状和形态表明,亚速海黄土材料经历过风和流的作用。这两种方法的应用表明,亚速黄土的形成是一个从源到汇的复杂过程。它是高空西风、低空局部风系和近地表气流共同作用的结果,在形成过程中还受到海平面升降的影响。本研究的结果为解释亚速黄土的历史风化动力学和环境意义奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Combined use of HYSPLIT model and MODIS aerosols optical depth to study the spatiotemporal circulation patterns of Saharan dust events over Central Europe 综合利用 HYSPLIT 模型和 MODIS 气溶胶光学深度研究中欧上空撒哈拉沙尘事件的时空环流模式
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q2 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2024.100899
Nadia Gammoudi , János Kovács , Fruzsina Gresina , György Varga

Mineral dust released from the desert region and transported into the atmosphere has a crucial impact on the Earth's climate system's biogeochemical cycle. It has serious adverse effects on human health. The Sahara is one of the world's dustiest areas. This investigation intends to uncover the underlying reasons for atmospheric dust dispersion throughout the year by tracking the dust transport and deposition in Central Europe, focusing on arid areas of North Africa. In this paper, we use the GDAS (Global Data Assimilation System) archival meteorological database to compute the analytical forward trajectories and configure the particle concentrations using the HYSPLIT (Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) model. Besides, we investigate the synoptic meteorological conditions of acute Saharan dust episodes to determine the dynamic atmospheric system during their onset. The forward trajectories reveal the seasonality of wind-blown dust throughout the year. Dust storms are typically more prevalent in the spring, with a second peak in the Summer. As a result, particle transport takes various paths as the seasons and climatic conditions change. The most dust-laden masses, which reach high altitudes from the source areas, are often transported to Central Europe, where their seasonal distribution is relatively similar to that of the studied African region. However, the intensity and frequency of Saharan dust events (SDEs) have significantly changed in the previous decades, with an increased number of intense winter storms. According to the synoptic analysis, this variability is strongly linked to two factors. (1) The intensity and lifetime variation of the Mediterranean cyclones and (2) Climate change triggered lee-side (Sharav) cyclogenesis modified by the topographic complexity of Atlas. This study also confirmed the effectiveness of the HYSPLIT model in simulating atmospheric dust after comparing it with annual aerosol optical depth measurements from MODIS (Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) data.

从沙漠地区释放并进入大气层的矿物尘埃对地球气候系统的生物地球化学循环有着至关重要的影响。它对人类健康有严重的不利影响。撒哈拉沙漠是世界上尘埃最多的地区之一。这项调查旨在通过跟踪中欧地区的沙尘传输和沉积情况,揭示全年大气沙尘扩散的根本原因,重点是北非干旱地区。在本文中,我们利用 GDAS(全球数据同化系统)档案气象数据库计算分析前向轨迹,并使用 HYSPLIT(混合单粒子拉格朗日综合轨迹)模型配置粒子浓度。此外,我们还研究了撒哈拉沙尘急性发作时的同步气象条件,以确定沙尘急性发作时的动态大气系统。前向轨迹揭示了全年风吹沙尘的季节性。沙尘暴通常在春季更为猖獗,夏季则是第二个高峰期。因此,随着季节和气候条件的变化,颗粒物的输送路径也各不相同。从源头地区到达高海拔地区的含尘量最高的颗粒通常会被输送到中欧,其季节分布与所研究的非洲地区相对相似。然而,撒哈拉沙尘事件(SDEs)的强度和频率在过去几十年中发生了显著变化,冬季强风暴的数量有所增加。根据同步分析,这种变化与两个因素密切相关。(1) 地中海气旋的强度和寿命变化;(2) 阿特拉斯地形复杂性改变了气候变化引发的左侧(沙拉夫)气旋生成。这项研究还证实了 HYSPLIT 模型在模拟大气尘埃方面的有效性,并将其与 MODIS(中分辨率成像分光仪)数据的年度气溶胶光学深度测量结果进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
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Aeolian Research
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