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Detecting dust loads in the atmosphere over Thar desert by using MODIS and INSAT-3D data 利用MODIS和INSAT-3D数据探测塔尔沙漠大气中的沙尘负荷
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100814
P.R. Sujitha , Priyabrata Santra , A.K. Bera , M.K. Verma , S.S. Rao

Suspended dust particles in atmosphere have adverse impacts on environment, ecosystem as well as on human health. To avoid negative impacts of dust storm events, early warning system to predict it well in advance may be a suitable option. However, for this purpose, assessment on magnitude of dust load and its dynamics in atmosphere is a primary requirement. The present study aims to develop remote sensing based assessment of dust load in atmosphere specifically over the Indian Thar Desert region. The severe dust storm event occurred on 5th June 2017 over the Indian Thar Desert has been used in this study to develop integrated dust detection algorithm using split window technique, mid-infrared technique and different dust indices derived from MODIS and INSAT-3D data. Evaluation of the developed algorithm revealed that the area classified under dust load depends on threshold value of dust indices used in the algorithm, type of dust detection techniques followed and the specifications of remote sensing sensors used to retrieve the dust image. The integrated dust detection algorithm developed in this study has the capability to eliminate the problem in variations of predicted dust loadings in atmosphere. Validation of the developed algorithm to detect dust pixels showed good agreement with independent observations on aerosol optical depth (AOD), wind speed profile data and ground visibility data. The method adopted can be helpful to implement an operational system for detection and monitoring of dust storms over the Thar Desert region.

大气中悬浮的粉尘颗粒对环境、生态系统和人体健康都有不利影响。为了避免沙尘暴事件的负面影响,提前预警系统可能是一个合适的选择。然而,为了达到这一目的,评估大气中粉尘负荷的大小及其动态是一个首要的要求。本研究的目的是发展基于遥感的大气沙尘负荷评估,特别是在印度塔尔沙漠地区。以2017年6月5日发生在印度塔尔沙漠的严重沙尘暴事件为研究对象,利用分窗技术、中红外技术和不同的MODIS和INSAT-3D沙尘指数,开发了综合沙尘检测算法。对所开发算法的评价表明,在粉尘负荷下分类的区域取决于算法中使用的粉尘指数的阈值、所采用的粉尘检测技术类型以及用于检索粉尘图像的遥感传感器的规格。本研究开发的综合粉尘检测算法能够消除大气中预测粉尘量变化的问题。该算法与气溶胶光学深度(AOD)、风速廓线数据和地面能见度数据的独立观测结果一致。所采用的方法有助于在塔尔沙漠地区实施沙尘暴探测和监测的业务系统。
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引用次数: 1
Surface-area development of foredune trough blowouts and associated parabolic dunes quantified from time series of satellite imagery 前丘槽井喷及相关抛物状沙丘的地表发育
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100812
Niels van Kuik , Job de Vries , Christian Schwarz , Gerben Ruessink

Foredune trough blowouts are elongated wind-eroded depressions in the most seaward dune and their adjoining depositional lobes. Despite their importance to the sand budget and floral diversity of coastal dunes, the spatiotemporal evolution of trough blowouts is not well understood. We designed an automated workflow in the Google Earth Engine platform to produce time series of blowout surface area from medium-resolution satellite imagery available since the mid-1980s and applied it to a blowout system in the Netherlands, Denmark and the USA. Blowout surface areas were found to vary on multi-annual, seasonal and episodic time scales. Multi-annual change reflects successive development through stages of growth, stabilization and decay. The transition from growth to stabilization appears to be related to a change in blowout shape (width-to-length ratio). The decay phase starts with vegetation obstructing the blowout connection to the beach; the lobe can still migrate inland and develop into a parabolic dune before also becoming fully vegetated. The seasonal variations in blowout area increase with latitude; the observed larger areas in winter at the Dutch and Danish site presumably reflect seasonal plant development and the effect of stronger winds in winter. Episodic increases in blowout area, observed during winter at the Danish site only, are associated with pronounced foredune erosion. None of the episodic events changed blowouts into a different stage or persistently affected seasonal dynamics. Future work should focus on the combined analysis of changes in blowout area and sand volume to improve our understanding of sand-vegetation interactions driving blowout dynamics.

前沙丘槽井喷是在最靠海的沙丘及其毗邻的沉积裂片上形成的细长的风蚀洼地。尽管槽式井喷对海岸沙丘的沙收支和植物多样性具有重要意义,但槽式井喷的时空演变尚不清楚。我们在Google Earth Engine平台上设计了一个自动化工作流程,从20世纪80年代中期以来可用的中分辨率卫星图像中生成井喷表面积的时间序列,并将其应用于荷兰、丹麦和美国的井喷系统。井喷面积在多年、季节性和偶发时间尺度上有所不同。多年变化反映了生长、稳定和衰退阶段的连续发展。从增长到稳定的过渡似乎与井喷形状(宽长比)的变化有关。腐烂阶段开始时,植被阻碍了井喷与海滩的连接;叶片仍可向内陆迁移,并在完全植被覆盖之前发展成抛物面沙丘。井喷面积的季节变化随纬度增大而增大;荷兰和丹麦站点冬季观测到的较大面积可能反映了季节性植物发育和冬季强风的影响。仅在丹麦地区冬季观察到的井喷面积的间歇性增加与明显的前丘侵蚀有关。没有任何偶发事件将井喷改变为不同阶段或持续影响季节性动态。未来的工作应侧重于对井喷面积和沙量变化的综合分析,以提高我们对沙-植被相互作用驱动井喷动力学的认识。
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引用次数: 2
New research on the origin of the late Quaternary Old Red Sand in the coastal area of South China 华南沿海地区晚第四纪古红砂成因新研究
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100816
Jing Wang , Yanna Yang , Zhen Chen , Zhuolun Peng , Quanzhou Gao

A late Quaternary red sandy sediment called the Old Red Sand is widely distributed in coastal South China. Most studies have considered it a single sand body composed of wind-transported beach sand. However, the Old Red Sand also contains silt and clay. To determine the implications of this fine fraction for the origin of the Old Red Sand, four sections were studied using various depositional analyses. Under a scanning electron microscope, quartz particles in the fine fraction are well rounded, with abundant aeolian marks on their surfaces. The grain size is homogeneous and comparable to that of typical loess. The diffuse reflectance spectroscopy results suggest a higher content of haematite than goethite within the fine fraction, indicating subaerial deposition without strong hydration. The geochemical composition of the fine fraction is close to that of the upper continental crust and comparable to that of typical aeolian deposits, indicating the extensiveness of material sources, with terrestrial dust being fully mixed by wind over a large area. The depositional characteristics, sedimentary environment and provenance of the fine fraction are markedly different from those of the coarse fraction, which is composed of near-source beach sand. Therefore, the Old Red Sand is not a deposit with a single source. Both near-source coarse beach sand and exotic fine dust contributed to the formation of the deposit in the late Pleistocene, especially the last glacial period. The fine fraction is a key factor contributing to the cementation and redness of the sand body.

华南沿海广泛分布着晚第四纪红砂沉积,称为老红砂。大多数研究认为它是由风沙组成的单一砂体。然而,老红沙也含有淤泥和粘土。为了确定这一精细组分对老红砂起源的影响,我们使用各种沉积分析方法研究了四个剖面。扫描电镜下,细粒石英颗粒圆润,表面有丰富的风成痕迹。粒度均匀,可与典型黄土相媲美。漫反射光谱结果表明,细粒级赤铁矿含量高于针铁矿,表明其为水下沉积,水化作用不强。细粒碎屑的地球化学成分接近于上大陆地壳的地球化学成分,与典型的风成沉积物的地球化学成分相当,表明物质来源的广泛性,在很大范围内,陆源粉尘被风充分混合。细粒段的沉积特征、沉积环境和物源与粗粒段有明显不同,粗粒段主要由近源滩砂组成。因此,老红沙不是一个单一来源的矿床。晚更新世,尤其是末次冰期,近源粗滩砂和外来细尘共同促成了该矿床的形成。细粒组分是导致砂体胶结变红的关键因素。
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引用次数: 0
Near-surface structure of a large linear dune and an associated crossing dune of the northern Namib Sand Sea from Ground Penetrating Radar: Implications for the history of large linear dunes on Earth and Titan 来自探地雷达的纳米布沙海北部大型线性沙丘和相关交叉沙丘的近地表结构:对地球和土卫六上大型线性沙丘历史的启示
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100813
Clayton K. Chandler , Jani Radebaugh , John H. McBride , Thomas H. Morris , Clement Narteau , Karl Arnold , Ralph D. Lorenz , Jason W. Barnes , Alex Hayes , Sébastien Rodriguez , Tammy Rittenour

We imaged the near-surface sedimentary structures of a large linear dune, flanking dune forms and an associated crossing linear dune never before studied in the northern Namib Sand Sea using 200-MHz Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR). The dry, uniform sandy conditions and wavelength used allowed for highly detailed observations of sedimentary structures to depths of ∼ 12 m across a >1km lateral scan. Sedimentary features observed in the main linear dune include scouring and abrupt changes in strata such as trough cross stratification (TCS), onlap, downlap, truncation and avalanche-related bedding, all a result of complex sand transport conditions. Different phases of deposition have produced an opposed succession of strata on each side of the dune. These successions alternate 2-dimensional (2D), or bedform instability mode features with 3-dimensional (3D), or fingering mode features, separated by a clear process boundary. These alternating successions reflect a change in the dominant wind environment in the recent past. The changing winds may feed into the building and overall stability of this dune field and may be a model for conditions in other large linear/longitudinal dune fields. The subsurface structure of an oblique crossing linear dune demonstrates sand transport generally down the dune long axis in the direction predicted from modern, ERA-Interim model as well as paleoclimate model winds. This suggests relatively long-term stability of this intermediate-sized landform and the potential long-term coexistence of large dunes and secondary forms. These studies have implications for the extensive sand seas of Titan, where lack of large secondary forms may indicate a simple wind regime over long time periods.

我们利用200兆赫探地雷达(GPR)对纳米比亚沙海北部一个大型线性沙丘的近地表沉积结构、两侧沙丘形态和相关的交叉线性沙丘进行了成像,这些沙丘以前从未被研究过。使用的干燥、均匀的沙质条件和波长允许在1km横向扫描中高度详细地观察到深度约12 m的沉积结构。在主要线状沙丘中观测到的沉积特征包括冲刷和地层突变,如槽交叉分层(TCS)、上覆、下覆、截断和雪崩相关的层理,这些都是复杂的沙输运条件的结果。不同的沉积阶段在沙丘两侧形成了相反的地层序列。这些序列交替使用二维(2D)或河床不稳定模式特征与三维(3D)或指法模式特征,由一个明确的过程边界分隔。这些交替演替反映了近年来主导风环境的变化。变化的风可能会影响沙丘场的形成和整体稳定性,并可能成为其他大型线性/纵向沙丘场的模型。斜交叉线性沙丘的地下结构表明,沙的输运通常沿着现代、ERA-Interim模式和古气候模式风预测的方向沿着沙丘长轴进行。这表明这种中等大小的地貌具有相对长期的稳定性,大型沙丘和次级地貌可能长期共存。这些研究暗示了土卫六广阔的沙海,那里缺乏大型的次级形式可能表明一个简单的风在很长一段时间内。
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引用次数: 2
Modelling the vertical grain size sorting process in aeolian sediment transport using the discrete element method 用离散元法模拟风沙输运中垂直粒度分选过程
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100817
G.H.P. Campmans, K.M. Wijnberg

We present a model study of the aeolian saltation process where sediment samples are studied for the size selective transport processes. The discrete element method is used to simulate the sediment particles of different sizes, coupled with a fluid boundary layer model to capture the driving wind forces. Sediment samples with identical median grain size, but with systematically varying size distributions were simulated to investigate under various wind shear rates which sediment fractions are transported. The presented model results show - well in line with other research - that the median grain size is an appropriate sediment sample parameter to quantify the total rate of sediment transport. However, our results show that this does not determine what fractions of sediment are in transport. The larger the standard deviation in the sediment size distribution the smaller the median grain size becomes of the sediment that is in transport compared to the median grain size present at the bed.

我们提出了一个风沙跃迁过程的模型研究,其中研究了沉积物样品的尺寸选择运输过程。采用离散元法对不同粒径的泥沙颗粒进行模拟,并结合流体边界层模型来获取驱动风力。模拟了中位粒径相同但粒径分布有系统变化的泥沙样品,研究了不同风切变速率下泥沙组分的输运情况。模型结果与其他研究结果一致,表明中位粒径是衡量输沙总速率的合适泥沙样本参数。然而,我们的结果表明,这并不能决定泥沙的哪些部分在运输中。泥沙粒径分布的标准差越大,输运泥沙的中位粒径就越小,与床上存在的中位粒径相比就越小。
{"title":"Modelling the vertical grain size sorting process in aeolian sediment transport using the discrete element method","authors":"G.H.P. Campmans,&nbsp;K.M. Wijnberg","doi":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100817","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100817","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a model study of the aeolian saltation process where sediment samples are studied for the size selective transport processes. The discrete element method is used to simulate the sediment particles of different sizes, coupled with a fluid boundary layer model to capture the driving wind forces. Sediment samples with identical median grain size, but with systematically varying size distributions were simulated to investigate under various wind shear rates which sediment fractions are transported. The presented model results show - well in line with other research - that the median grain size is an appropriate sediment sample parameter to quantify the total rate of sediment transport. However, our results show that this does not determine what fractions of sediment are in transport. The larger the standard deviation in the sediment size distribution the smaller the median grain size becomes of the sediment that is in transport compared to the median grain size present at the bed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49246,"journal":{"name":"Aeolian Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1875963722000477/pdfft?md5=10582953b974e44db35cbce20c0acb4e&pid=1-s2.0-S1875963722000477-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43543957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Geochemical characterization of major elements in Gurbantunggut Desert sediments, northwestern China and their regional variations 古尔班通古特沙漠沉积物主要元素地球化学特征及其区域差异
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100802
Dilibaier Tursun , Feng Zhang , Feng Wu , Xiufan Liu , Shixin Wu , Tao Sun , Jianghua Zheng , Jian Yue

Identifying the geochemical composition of desert sands in the Gurbantunggut Desert is essential for understanding the formation of desert dunes in the mid-latitudes. In this study, we collected samples of desert sands (125–250 μm), fluvial sands, and lacustrine sands across the Gurbantunggut Desert and calculated the sand drift potential at four meteorological stations. The sand samples from the Gurbantunggut Desert were mostly enriched in SiO2, while the other major elements were depleted compared to those of the Upper Continental Crust (UCC). The chemical weathering indices (αAlE, CIA, and WIP) indicate that the sand-sized sediments in the Gurbantunggut Desert are in the initial stage of continental chemical weathering. SiO2 and K2O contents as well as mineralogical maturity of the desert sands increased from the piedmont to the desert center. UCC-normalized distribution patterns were also consistent along this transect due to the homogenization of desert sand composition, whereas the concentrations of other major elements (except for TiO2 and MnO) decreased. We conclude that (1) regional variations in the composition of the Gurbantunggut Desert sands primarily reflect differences in provenance, transport, sorting, recycling of the sediments, and vegetation cover as well as the chemical weathering; and (2) differences in indices describing the major element composition of the sands reflect regional variations in provenance from the mountains to the depositional basin. Sands within piedmont rivers possess major element characteristics similar to those of dune sands in the region, suggesting that rivers represent a significant source of sands in the desert.

确定古尔班通古特沙漠沙漠砂的地球化学组成对了解中纬度地区沙丘的形成具有重要意义。本研究在古尔班通古特沙漠的4个气象站采集了沙漠砂(125 ~ 250 μm)、河流砂和湖相砂样品,并计算了沙流势。古尔班通古特沙漠砂样以SiO2富集为主,其他主要元素相对于上陆壳(UCC)的含量偏低。化学风化指标(αAlE、CIA和WIP)表明,古尔班通古特沙漠砂级沉积物处于大陆化学风化的初始阶段。沙漠砂的SiO2、K2O含量和矿物学成熟度从山前向沙漠中心呈递增趋势。由于沙地成分的均一化,ucc归一化分布模式也趋于一致,而除TiO2和MnO外,其他主要元素的浓度均有所下降。结果表明:(1)古尔班通古特沙漠沙粒成分的区域差异主要反映了沉积物的物源、搬运、分选、再循环、植被覆盖和化学风化作用的差异;(2)描述砂体主要元素组成指标的差异反映了从山区到沉积盆地物源的区域差异。山前河流中的砂具有与该地区沙丘砂相似的主要元素特征,表明河流是沙漠中重要的砂源。
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引用次数: 5
Decoupling between circulation pattern and dust path since the last glacial in the Songnen Plain, NE China: Insights from quantitative provenance reconstruction of the Harbin dust sediments 松嫩平原末次冰期以来环流模式与沙尘路径的解耦——来自哈尔滨沙尘沉积物定量物源重建的启示
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100818
Peng Wu , Yuanyun Xie , Yue Li , Chunguo Kang , Yunping Chi , Lei Sun , Zhenyu Wei

Knowledge of the provenance of dust deposits in the easternmost margin of the Eurasian loess belt is essential for understanding the connection between circulation patterns and dust source-to-sink route in the Songnen Plain, NE China. Here, a total of 131 samples, from the loess-paleosol sequence since the last glacial (20) and the modern dust-storm sediments (7) in Harbin area together with potential dust source areas (104), were collected for elemental geochemical analysis to quantify the source apportionment and compare the performance of the Frequentist and Bayesian models. Fourteen geochemical properties (V, Zn, Ga, Sr, Mo, Ba, Pb, Y/Ta, MREEN/MREEN*, Th/Sc, Th/U, La/Sc, Zr/Hf and Co/Th) were selected as the optimum composite fingerprint after a range test, non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis H-test and stepwise discriminant function analysis. Based on both the models, the source contributions to the loess sequence and dust-storm deposits were in the following order: southwestern Songnen Sandy Land (57–95%, 49–97%), Horqin Sandy Land and Onqin Daga Sandy Land (2–43%, 0–31%), northwestern Songnen Sandy Land (0–21%, 0–20%) and Hulun Buir Sandy Land (0%, 0–8%). Following the goodness-of-fit and virtual mixtures, combined with root mean square error and mean absolute error, we argue that the Frequentist model is slightly more accurate than the Bayesian model in quantifying dust sources. The sandy lands figure importantly in acting as a dust transfer station. The comparison between the loess sequence and modern dust-storm source reconstructions reveals a decoupling between circulation pattern (northwesterly wind domination in the glacial) and dust path (dominantly southwestern direction), and small areas, high vegetation coverage and topographical barrier are considered to be the main reasons for the significantly limited dust emission in the NW-direction source area. Finally, the study highlights that improving land management practices in the SW-direction but not NW-direction sandy land may help ameliorate the effects of the Harbin dust pollution.

了解欧亚黄土带最东缘沙尘沉积的来源,对于理解松嫩平原环流模式与沙尘源-汇路径之间的联系至关重要。本文收集了哈尔滨地区末次冰期以来的黄土-古土壤序列(20)和现代沙尘暴沉积物(7)以及潜在沙源区(104)共131个样品,进行元素地球化学分析,量化了沙源分配,并比较了Frequentist和Bayesian模型的性能。经过极差检验、非参数Kruskal-Wallis h检验和逐步判别函数分析,优选出14种地球化学性质(V、Zn、Ga、Sr、Mo、Ba、Pb、Y/Ta、MREEN/MREEN*、Th/Sc、Th/U、La/Sc、Zr/Hf和Co/Th)的最佳复合指纹图谱。在两个模型中,黄土层序和沙尘暴沉积的源贡献大小依次为:松嫩沙地西南部(57 ~ 95%,49 ~ 97%)、科尔沁沙地和鄂沁达嘎沙地(2 ~ 43%,0 ~ 31%)、松嫩沙地西北部(0 ~ 21%,0 ~ 20%)和呼伦贝尔沙地(0%,0 ~ 8%)。根据拟合优度和虚拟混合,结合均方根误差和平均绝对误差,我们认为频率模型在量化粉尘源方面比贝叶斯模型稍微准确一些。沙地扮演着重要的粉尘中转站的角色。黄土层序与现代沙尘源重建结果的对比表明,环流模式(冰期以西北风为主)与沙尘路径(以西南方向为主)存在解耦合关系,面积小、植被覆盖率高和地形阻隔是造成北西向沙尘排放明显受限的主要原因。最后,研究强调,改善西南方向沙地的土地管理措施可能有助于改善哈尔滨沙尘污染的影响,而不是西北方向的沙尘污染。
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引用次数: 0
An application of CNN to classify barchan dunes into asymmetry classes 应用CNN对barchan沙丘进行不对称分类
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100801
Barend van der Merwe , Nelishia Pillay , Serena Coetzee

Barchan morphometric data have been used as proxies of meteorological and topographical data in environments where this data is lacking (such as other planetary bodies), gaining insights into barchan dune field dynamics such as barchan collision and sediment dynamics, and estimating migration speeds. However, manual extraction of this data is time-consuming which can impose limits on the spatial extent and temporal frequencies of observations. Combining remotely sensed big data with automated processing techniques such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can therefore increase the amount of data on barchan morphology. However, such techniques have not yet been applied to barchans and their efficacy remains unknown. This study addresses this issue by evaluating the classification performance (using the ACC, F 1 -score and MCC metrics) of CNNs on several different morphometric tasks: the side of horn elongation, the magnitude of elongation, the barchans a/c ratio, and a new metric, bilateral asymmetry, which takes a more holistic view of barchan asymmetry. Specifically, bilateral asymmetry offers a means by which the total points of variation on a barchan that is used in describing barchan morphology, can be expressed with a single measure. Twelve different CNN architectures, each with different hyperparameters, are trained and tested on a sample of 90 barchan dunes. Additionally, the potential of transfer learning is assessed using the VGG16 and ResNet50 architectures. The results show that the accuracy of the CNNs can exceed 80% in some cases and that “from scratch” CNNs can match the performance obtained using transfer learning approaches.

在缺乏气象和地形数据的环境中(如其他行星体),Barchan形态测量数据被用作气象和地形数据的代理,获得Barchan沙丘场动力学的见解,如Barchan碰撞和沉积动力学,并估计迁移速度。然而,人工提取这些数据是费时的,并且会对观测的空间范围和时间频率施加限制。因此,将遥感大数据与卷积神经网络(cnn)等自动化处理技术相结合,可以增加barchan形态学的数据量。然而,这些技术尚未应用于barchans,其功效尚不清楚。本研究通过评估cnn在几个不同形态测量任务上的分类性能(使用ACC, f1 -评分和MCC指标)来解决这个问题:角延伸的侧面,延伸的幅度,barchans a/c比率,以及一个新的指标,双边不对称,它对barchans不对称有更全面的看法。具体来说,双边不对称提供了一种方法,通过这种方法,用于描述barchan形态的barchan上的总变异点可以用单一测量来表示。12个不同的CNN架构,每个都有不同的超参数,在90个barchan沙丘的样本上进行训练和测试。此外,使用VGG16和ResNet50架构评估迁移学习的潜力。结果表明,在某些情况下,cnn的准确率可以超过80%,并且“从零开始”的cnn可以达到使用迁移学习方法获得的性能。
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引用次数: 0
High resolution luminescence chronology of coastal dune deposits near Chumphon, Western Gulf of Thailand 泰国湾西部春丰附近海岸沙丘沉积物的高分辨率发光年代学
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100797
Johannes M. Miocic , Ritu Sah , Sakonvan Chawchai , Peerasit Surakiatchai , Montri Choowong , Frank Preusser

The development of coastal dunes is linked to environmental controls such as sea-level variability, climatic conditions, and coastal morphology. Understanding the spatial and temporal variations of dunes is crucial for predicting how coastal landscapes may react to future climate changes and sea-level rise. However, there are very few detailed studies on the longer time-scale evolution (centennial to millennial) of coastal dunes from subtropical and tropical regions. Here, we combine a high-resolution luminescence chronology with sedimentological analyses to study the depositional history of a transverse coastal dune located within the Bang Berd dune field, Western Gulf of Thailand. While luminescence dating of uniform aeolian deposits is normally straight forward, we observe strong variations in the natural dose rate which are likely explained by the enrichment of accessory minerals in some laminae. Deposition of the dune started at least around 3000 years ago and coincides with a regional sea level drop. Sedimentary structures indicate deposition occurring predominantly in relation to the northeasterly winter monsoon. As the sea-level rise and increased storm intensity in the future may lead to stronger erosion along the coast, this study is highlighting the importance of the Bang Berd dune system as natural protection against coastal inundation.

海岸沙丘的发展与环境控制有关,如海平面变化、气候条件和海岸形态。了解沙丘的时空变化对于预测沿海景观对未来气候变化和海平面上升的反应至关重要。然而,对亚热带和热带海岸沙丘较长时间尺度(百年至千年)演化的详细研究却很少。在这里,我们将高分辨率发光年代学与沉积学分析相结合,研究了位于泰国湾西部Bang Berd沙丘场内的横向海岸沙丘的沉积历史。虽然均匀风成沉积物的发光测年通常是直接的,但我们观察到自然剂量率的强烈变化,这可能是由于某些层状中附属矿物的富集。沙丘的沉积至少在3000年前开始,与区域海平面下降相吻合。沉积构造表明沉积主要与东北冬季季风有关。由于未来海平面上升和风暴强度的增加可能导致沿海地区的侵蚀加剧,本研究强调了Bang Berd沙丘系统作为抵御沿海洪水的天然屏障的重要性。
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引用次数: 5
Numerical study on snow erosion and deposition around an embankment with a snow fence under snowfall conditions 降雪条件下带雪栅栏路堤积雪侵蚀与沉积的数值研究
IF 3.3 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeolia.2022.100798
Sheng Yang , Mingyi Zhang , Wansheng Pei , Andrey Melnikov , Ze Zhang , Zhilang You

Snow drift which usually occurs in conjunction with snowfall can significantly alter the distribution pattern of snow cover around roads creating travel hazards for vehicles. To study the snow distribution around a road and evaluate the snow prevention efficiency of snow fence, based on the theories of two-phase flow and snowdrift erosion and deposition, a numerical model is developed. The model includes snowfall during snow drift, spatial distribution characteristics of wind speed and snow phase volume fraction, and dynamic changes of snow drift shape on the ground during drifting. We simulate the distribution characteristics of snowdrift around an embankment without and with the protection of a snow fence and under the conditions of no snowfall and snowfall. The results indicate that snow deposition is greatest on the leeward side of the embankment in comparison to the windward side of the embankment and takes a longer time to reach equilibrium. On the leeward side of the embankment, the snow accumulation rate under the condition of snow falling is higher than that under the condition of no snow falling. Nonetheless, the two conditions both suggest that installation of the snow fence intercepts a large amount of snow behind the snow fence, decreases the snow phase volume fraction near the ground, and reduces the snowdrift accumulation on the leeward side of the embankment within a certain period.

积雪漂移通常与降雪同时发生,可以显著改变道路周围积雪的分布模式,给车辆带来行驶危险。基于两相流理论和雪堆侵蚀与沉积理论,研究道路周围积雪分布,评价雪栅防雪效果,建立了数值模型。该模型包含了积雪漂移过程中的降雪量、风速和雪相体积分数的空间分布特征以及漂移过程中地面上积雪形状的动态变化。模拟了无雪栅栏和有雪栅栏保护路堤周围、无降雪和降雪情况下的积雪分布特征。结果表明:路堤背风侧积雪量最大,达到平衡所需时间较长;在路堤背风侧,降雪条件下的积雪率高于不降雪条件下的积雪率。尽管如此,这两种情况都表明,雪栅栏的安装拦截了雪栅栏后面的大量积雪,降低了地面附近的雪相体积分数,并在一定时期内减少了路堤背风侧的雪堆堆积。
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引用次数: 7
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Aeolian Research
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