Disability and Health Journal最新文献_第6页

Covid-19 Pandemic's impact on socio-emotional problems experienced by victims of violence with disabilities Covid-19 大流行病对残疾暴力受害者所经历的社会情感问题的影响。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Disability and Health Journal

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101710

Yasemin Irvin-Erickson Ph.D. , Auzeen Shariati Ph.D.

Background

Studies on the emotional well-being of individuals with disabilities during the Covid-19 pandemic focused on the beginning of the pandemic and omitted the experiences of victims with disabilities.

Objective

We compared socio-emotional problems experienced by victims of violence with and without disabilities before and during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Methods

We conducted regression analysis using data from the National Crime Victimization Survey to examine the differences in socio-emotional problems experienced by violent crime victims with and without disabilities before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. We conducted descriptive analyses to explore patterns of receiving victim services.

Results

Male victims without disabilities had lower odds of socio-emotional problems than female and male victims with disabilities before and throughout the pandemic. Female victims with disabilities had higher odds of socio-emotional problems than male victims with disabilities and female victims without disabilities before and during the first year of the pandemic. After the first year of the pandemic, female victims with and without disabilities and male victims with disabilities had no significant differences in their odds of experiencing socio-emotional problems. A higher percentage of victims received services during the pandemic in comparison to these patterns before the pandemic. After the first year of the pandemic, there was a notable increase in the percentage of female victims with and without disabilities and percentage of male victims with disabilities receiving victim services.

Conclusions

Our findings underline the disproportionate effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on socio-emotional well-being of victims with disabilities and especially female victims with disabilities.

背景：关于Covid-19大流行期间残疾人情感健康的研究主要集中在大流行的初期，忽略了残疾人受害者的经历：我们比较了残疾和非残疾暴力受害者在 Covid-19 大流行之前和期间所经历的社会情感问题：我们利用全国犯罪受害者调查（National Crime Victimization Survey）的数据进行了回归分析，以研究在Covid-19大流行之前和期间，有残疾和无残疾的暴力犯罪受害者所经历的社会情感问题的差异。我们还进行了描述性分析，以探索受害者接受服务的模式：在大流行之前和整个大流行期间，非残疾男性受害者出现社会情感问题的几率低于残疾女性和男性受害者。在大流行之前和第一年期间，女性残疾受害者出现社会情感问题的几率高于男性残疾受害者和女性非残疾受害者。在大流行的第一年之后，残疾和非残疾女性受害者与残疾男性受害者在遇到社会情感问题的几率上没有显著差异。与大流行之前的模式相比，在大流行期间接受服务的受害者比例更高。在大流行的第一年之后，接受受害者服务的残疾女性受害者和非残疾女性受害者的比例以及残疾男性受害者的比例都有了显著提高：我们的研究结果表明，Covid-19 大流行对残疾受害者，尤其是残疾女性受害者的社会情感福祉造成了不成比例的影响。

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引用次数: 0

School-based factors influencing physical activity participation in children and adolescents with disabilities: A qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis 影响残疾儿童和青少年参加体育活动的校本因素：定性系统综述和元综合。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Disability and Health Journal

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101707

Yuyang Deng MEd , Xuecheng Li MEd , Jiafu Huang MEd , Justin A. Haegele PhD , Brett Smith PhD , Toni Louise Williams PhD , Chunxiao Li PhD

Background

Children and adolescents with disabilities (CAD) frequently encounter barriers to participation in physical activity (PA). Schools play a vital role in promoting PA, making it crucial to understand the school-based factors influencing CAD's PA participation.

Objective

This qualitative systematic review and meta-synthesis aims to identify and elucidate the school-based factors influencing PA engagement among this population.

Methods

A comprehensive search across six databases—Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Embase, CNKI—was conducted in August 2023, and subsequently updated in April 2024. English or Chinese peer-reviewed journal articles that contained substantial qualitative data regarding school-based factors affecting PA in CAD were included. The methodological quality of included studies was evaluated utilizing the Critical Appraisal Skills Program Qualitative Checklist. Qualitative data were analyzed through thematic synthesis.

Results

A total of 16 studies (12 qualitative studies and 4 mixed-methods studies) were included, all of which were of moderate to high quality. Thematic synthesis identified four major themes: (a) physical environment (provision of facilities, specialized and adapted equipment, space for activities); (b) social environment (peers, school leaders, teachers and other school staff); (c) opportunities for PA (physical education, classroom movement integration, extra-curricular activities); and (d) characteristics of PA (adaption of rules and task difficulty, competition components, diversified activities, fun).

Conclusions

This review reveals the complex interplay of different school-based factors affecting PA participation among CAD. The findings provide valuable insights for educators, policymakers, and health professionals to enhance PA participation in this population.

背景：残疾儿童和青少年（CAD）在参加体育活动（PA）时经常遇到障碍。学校在促进体育锻炼方面发挥着重要作用，因此了解影响残疾儿童和青少年参加体育锻炼的校本因素至关重要：本定性系统综述和荟萃分析旨在确定并阐明影响该人群参与体育锻炼的校本因素：于 2023 年 8 月对六个数据库--Web of Science、PsycINFO、Scopus、SPORTDiscus 和 Embase、CNKI--进行了全面检索，并于 2024 年 4 月进行了更新。研究纳入了包含大量定性数据的英文或中文同行评审期刊文章，这些数据涉及影响儿童青少年体育锻炼的校本因素。利用 "批判性评估技能计划定性检查表 "对纳入研究的方法学质量进行评估。通过专题综合法对定性数据进行分析：共纳入了 16 项研究（12 项定性研究和 4 项混合方法研究），所有研究的质量均为中上水平。专题综述确定了四个主要专题：(a) 物理环境（提供设施、专门和经调整的设备、活动空间）；(b) 社会环境（同伴、学校领导、教师和其他学校工作人员）；(c) 体育活动的机会（体育教育、课堂运动整合、课外活动）；(d) 体育活动的特点（规则和任务难度的调整、竞争成分、多样化活动、趣味性）：本综述揭示了影响民航学院学生参与体育锻炼的不同校本因素之间复杂的相互作用。研究结果为教育工作者、政策制定者和卫生专业人员提供了宝贵的见解，以提高这一人群的体育锻炼参与率。

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引用次数: 0

History and future directions of DHJO DHJO 的历史和未来方向。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Disability and Health Journal

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101725

Margaret A. Turk MD (Co-Editor-in-Chief), Monika Mitra PhD (Co-Editor-in-Chief)

引用次数: 0

Disability's absence from admissions nondiscrimination and recruitment initiatives in Top-Tier US allopathic medical schools 美国顶级对抗疗法医学院的招生非歧视和招聘措施中没有残疾问题。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Disability and Health Journal

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101679

Allison Kessler MD, MSc , Samantha L. Schroth BS , Leslie Rydberg MD

Background

Diversity in medical school students is essential to ensure that future physicians can care for a range of patients from different backgrounds. However, disability is often overlooked and there are potential examples of discrimination in US medical schools.

Objective

To determine if students with disabilities are included in online recruitment, diversity equity and inclusion (DEI), or nondiscrimination materials for US allopathic medical schools.

Methods

In this descriptive study, the authors reviewed publicly available data from websites of the top ranked 51 US allopathic medical schools to assess inclusion of disability in recruitment efforts or antidiscrimination statements.

Results

The results showed that just under one third of these schools (31 %) mention disability within their DEI or published recruitment efforts. Most commonly (27.5 %), disability is mentioned in a general diversity statement.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that there is a need for greater inclusion of disability in US medical schools' recruitment efforts. This is essential to ensure that people with disabilities are not discriminated against in medical school applications and is one of many factors that will contribute to future physicians being prepared to care for patients with disabilities.

背景：医学院学生的多样性对于确保未来的医生能够照顾来自不同背景的病人至关重要。然而，残疾问题往往被忽视，在美国医学院中存在潜在的歧视实例：目的：确定美国对抗疗法医学院的在线招聘、多元化公平与包容（DEI）或非歧视材料中是否包含残疾学生：在这项描述性研究中，作者查阅了美国排名前 51 位的对抗疗法医学院网站上的公开数据，以评估招聘工作或反歧视声明中是否包含残疾内容：结果显示，在这些学校中，仅有不到三分之一（31%）的学校在其DEI或公布的招聘工作中提及残疾问题。最常见的情况（27.5%）是在一般性多样性声明中提及残疾问题：这些研究结果表明，有必要在美国医学院的招生工作中更多地考虑残疾问题。这对于确保残障人士在申请医学院时不受歧视至关重要，也是有助于未来医生为护理残障患者做好准备的众多因素之一。

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引用次数: 0

Incorporating Easy Language in the ICF: Benefits, opportunities, and challenges 将简易语言纳入 ICF：益处、机遇与挑战。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Disability and Health Journal

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101689

Julia Fuchs Jun.-Prof. Dr. , Sarah Ohnuseit Bachelor of Arts

The World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), the international standard for the description of functioning and disability, completely ignores a specific form of accessible communication despite its potential to improve functioning and reduce disability: Easy Language, a form of standard language with substantially reduced linguistic complexity. Starting with a proposal for how and where Easy Language could be appropriately integrated into the ICF, the commentary then outlines the various benefits and opportunities for social policy that could be associated with doing so. It also notes several potential challenges involved in this process. If used correctly, the integration of Easy Language into the ICF could prove useful for both professional users of the ICF and Easy Language target groups.

世界卫生组织的《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》（ICF）是描述功能和残疾的国际标准，它完全忽视了一种特殊的无障碍交流形式，尽管这种形式具有改善功能和减少残疾的潜力：简易语言 "是一种语言复杂性大大降低的标准语言。评注首先就如何以及在何处将简易语言适当纳入《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》提出了建议，然后概述了这样做对社会政策可能带来的各种益处和机遇。评论还指出了这一过程中可能面临的一些挑战。如果使用得当，将 "简易语言 "纳入 "国际功能、残疾和健康分类 "对 "国际功能、残疾和健康分类 "的专业用户和 "简易语言 "的目标群体都是有益的。

引用次数: 0

Understanding HCBS utilization: The role of disability onset age and length of disability. 了解HCBS的使用：残疾发病年龄和残疾时间长短的作用。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Disability and Health Journal

Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101771

G Chiri, J N Howard, L Palmer, K Robinson, S Rafiuddin

Background: Younger adults aging with and older adults aging into disability often need support to remain in their homes and communities. However, researchers and policymakers lack sufficient understanding of their differing needs for home and community-based services (HCBS), largely due to limitations in existing data.

Objectives: This study addresses this gap by exploring select HCBS utilization among adults with disability onset before age 60 and those with onset after age 60, focusing on how aging and disability intersect.

Methods: We used data from multiple waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), the HCBS HRS module and the Health Care Mail Survey. Using these data, we identified individuals by their disability onset (before and after age 60) and measured the duration of their disability. We then examined the use of select HCBS and its association with the onset and duration of disability.

Results: Multivariate regression analysis found no significant differences in service utilization based on the timing of disability onset. Instead, a longer disability duration was associated with increased odds of utilizing HCBS, regardless of when the disability began.

Conclusion: As the population continues to age, more individuals will live with disabilities, including both those who acquire them earlier in life and older adults who develop them in later years. This analysis emphasizes the critical role of disability duration in understanding service needs and resource allocation. By combining perspectives from aging and disability research, this study underscores the need for integrated policies and programs that address shared challenges. Such an approach can bridge existing gaps, leading to better outcomes for all individuals living with disabilities.

背景：随着年龄增长而变老的年轻人和变老为残疾的老年人往往需要支持才能留在家中和社区。然而，由于现有数据的限制，研究人员和决策者对他们对家庭和社区服务（HCBS）的不同需求缺乏足够的了解。目的：本研究通过探索60岁之前和60岁之后发病的成人中HCBS的使用情况，重点研究老龄化和残疾之间的关系，从而解决这一差距。方法：我们使用来自健康与退休研究（HRS）、HCBS HRS模块和卫生保健邮件调查的多波数据。使用这些数据，我们根据他们的残疾发病（60岁之前和60岁之后）来识别个体，并测量他们残疾的持续时间。然后，我们检查了选定HCBS的使用及其与残疾发病和持续时间的关系。结果：多因素回归分析发现，残疾发病时间对服务利用率的影响无显著性差异。相反，无论何时开始残疾，较长的残疾持续时间与使用HCBS的几率增加有关。结论：随着人口持续老龄化，越来越多的人将患有残疾，包括那些在生命早期获得残疾的人和在晚年发展残疾的老年人。这一分析强调了残疾持续时间在理解服务需求和资源分配方面的关键作用。通过结合老龄化和残疾研究的观点，本研究强调了制定综合政策和项目以应对共同挑战的必要性。这种方法可以弥合现有差距，为所有残疾人带来更好的结果。

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引用次数: 0

Experiences of siblings of individuals with developmental disabilities: A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies 发育障碍个体的兄弟姐妹的经历：定性研究的综合。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Disability and Health Journal

Pub Date : 2024-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101770

Hooyun Lee , Kyua Kim , Hyelim Kim , Eun Kyoung Choi

Background

While the impact of developmental disabilities (DD) on the entire family is increasingly recognized, the experiences of typically developing (TD) siblings often remain overlooked. Recently, an understanding of siblings’ experiences has been developed through qualitative studies.

Objective

This review aims to synthesize existing qualitative evidence regarding the experiences of TD siblings of individuals with DD.

Methods

A systematic search across four databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Web of Science) identified studies reporting empirical qualitative data on the experiences of TD siblings of adolescents and young adults with DD, including English studies from 2014 to 2023. A quality appraisal was performed using the Critical Appraisal Skill Programme (CASP) checklist. The data were synthesized using thematic synthesis.

Results

Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Six key themes and 13 subthemes were identified from the included articles. These themes included (i) encountered difficulties, (ii) intrapersonal response, (iii) interpersonal interaction, (iv) challenging family dynamics, (v) strategies and support, and (vi) accepting and adapting to my reality.

Conclusions

This review synthesizes qualitative evidence on the experiences of TD siblings, highlighting how their situation shapes their lives. The findings suggest that TD siblings of individuals with DD experience difficulty due to their sibling's disability. These experiences influence various aspects of their lives, including personal, school/work, and family dynamics, ultimately affecting TD siblings' adaptation processes. Our findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to support the psychological well-being of TD siblings of individuals with DD.

背景：虽然发育障碍（DD）对整个家庭的影响越来越被认识到，但正常发育（TD）兄弟姐妹的经历往往被忽视。最近，通过定性研究，对兄弟姐妹经历的理解得到了发展。方法：系统检索四个数据库（PubMed、CINAHL、PsycINFO和Web of Science），确定报告了2014年至2023年青少年和年轻成年DD患者兄弟姐妹TD经历的经验定性数据的研究，包括英语研究。使用关键评估技能程序（CASP）检查表进行质量评估。采用专题综合法对数据进行综合。结果：9项研究符合纳入标准。从所列文章中确定了6个关键主题和13个次级主题。这些主题包括(i)遇到的困难，（ii）个人反应，（iii）人际互动，（iv）挑战家庭动态，(v)策略和支持，以及（vi）接受和适应我的现实。结论：本综述综合了TD兄弟姐妹经历的定性证据，突出了他们的处境如何影响他们的生活。研究结果表明，患有DD的个体的TD兄弟姐妹由于兄弟姐妹的残疾而经历困难。这些经历影响了他们生活的各个方面，包括个人、学校/工作和家庭动态，最终影响了TD兄弟姐妹的适应过程。我们的研究结果强调需要有针对性的干预措施来支持DD患者的兄弟姐妹的心理健康。

{"title":"Experiences of siblings of individuals with developmental disabilities: A meta-synthesis of qualitative studies","authors":"Hooyun Lee , Kyua Kim , Hyelim Kim , Eun Kyoung Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While the impact of developmental disabilities (DD) on the entire family is increasingly recognized, the experiences of typically developing (TD) siblings often remain overlooked. Recently, an understanding of siblings’ experiences has been developed through <span><span>qualitative studies</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This review aims to synthesize existing qualitative evidence regarding the experiences of TD siblings of individuals with DD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search across four databases (PubMed, <span><span>CINAHL</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, <span><span>PsycINFO</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, and Web of Science) identified studies reporting empirical qualitative data on the experiences of TD siblings of adolescents and young adults with DD, including English studies from 2014 to 2023. A quality appraisal was performed using the Critical Appraisal Skill Programme (CASP) checklist. The data were synthesized using thematic synthesis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nine studies met the inclusion criteria. Six key themes and 13 subthemes were identified from the included articles. These themes included (i) encountered difficulties, (ii) intrapersonal response, (iii) interpersonal interaction, (iv) challenging family dynamics, (v) strategies and support, and (vi) accepting and adapting to my reality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review synthesizes qualitative evidence on the experiences of TD siblings, highlighting how their situation shapes their lives. The findings suggest that TD siblings of individuals with DD experience difficulty due to their sibling's disability. These experiences influence various aspects of their lives, including personal, school/work, and family dynamics, ultimately affecting TD siblings' adaptation processes. Our findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to support the psychological well-being of TD siblings of individuals with DD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49300,"journal":{"name":"Disability and Health Journal","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101770"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142972937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of food and housing insecurity among direct support professionals in New York 纽约直接支持专业人员中普遍存在的食物和住房不安全问题。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Disability and Health Journal

Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101769

Jennifer Cohen , Yana van der Meulen Rodgers

Background

Low earnings are associated with household insecurity. Direct Support Professionals (DSPs) provide support for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, typically for wages close to state minimums, and may experience insecurity.

Objective

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of food and housing insecurity among DSPs.

Methods

We conducted a statewide, cross-sectional survey of DSPs in New York State (2022–2023). Measures included detailed questions about food and housing insecurity. We used chi-square analyses and logistic regressions to examine relationships between insecurity and demographic characteristics as proxies for social determinants of health. A total of 4503 DSPs responded to the survey. The analytic sample contained 2766 respondents with complete data for all relevant variables.

Results

Overall, 62.6 % experienced food and/or housing insecurity, with over half of those respondents experiencing both. Insecurity was highest among DSPs with a disability (76.2 %), DSPs of color (75.7 %), and those with lower income (72.4 %), but over 50 % of DSPs across demographic groups experienced insecurity.

Conclusions

The widespread insecurity this study demonstrates is an occupational hazard that reduces worker welfare. At the macro-level, household insecurity is a critical threat to the stability of the care and support delivery system. The human services sector is projected to grow rapidly in the future. If growth continues along low wage lines, it implies an equally rapid expansion of worker insecurity. Government action to raise pay and interventions that enhance food and housing security are needed to support workers in the care delivery system for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

背景：低收入与家庭不安全感有关。直接支持专业人员（dsp）为有智力和发育障碍的人提供支持，通常工资接近国家最低标准，可能会感到不安全。目的：本研究的目的是评估食品和住房不安全的流行在dsp。方法：我们对纽约州（2022-2023）的dsp进行了全州范围的横断面调查。测量包括关于食物和住房不安全的详细问题。我们使用卡方分析和逻辑回归来检验不安全感和人口特征之间的关系，作为健康的社会决定因素。共有4503家dsp回应了这项调查。分析样本包含2766名受访者，所有相关变量数据完整。结果：总体而言，62.6%的受访者经历了食物和/或住房不安全，其中一半以上的受访者同时经历了这两种情况。不安全感在残疾人（76.2%）、有色人种（75.7%）和低收入人群（72.4%）中最高，但在不同人口群体中，超过50%的dsp经历过不安全感。结论：本研究表明，普遍存在的不安全感是一种降低工人福利的职业危害。在宏观层面，家庭不安全是对提供照料和支助系统稳定的严重威胁。人力服务部门预计将在未来迅速增长。如果经济继续沿着低工资线增长，这意味着工人的不安全感也会同样迅速地扩大。需要政府采取行动提高工资，并采取干预措施加强粮食和住房安全，以支持为智力和发育障碍者提供护理服务系统中的工作人员。

{"title":"Prevalence of food and housing insecurity among direct support professionals in New York","authors":"Jennifer Cohen , Yana van der Meulen Rodgers","doi":"10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Low earnings are associated with household insecurity. Direct Support Professionals (DSPs) provide support for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, typically for wages close to state minimums, and may experience insecurity.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of food and housing insecurity among DSPs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a statewide, cross-sectional survey of DSPs in New York State (2022–2023). Measures included detailed questions about food and housing insecurity. We used chi-square analyses and logistic regressions to examine relationships between insecurity and demographic characteristics as proxies for social determinants of health. A total of 4503 DSPs responded to the survey. The analytic sample contained 2766 respondents with complete data for all relevant variables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 62.6 % experienced food and/or housing insecurity, with over half of those respondents experiencing both. Insecurity was highest among DSPs with a disability (76.2 %), DSPs of color (75.7 %), and those with lower income (72.4 %), but over 50 % of DSPs across demographic groups experienced insecurity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The widespread insecurity this study demonstrates is an occupational hazard that reduces worker welfare. At the macro-level, household insecurity is a critical threat to the stability of the care and support delivery system. The human services sector is projected to grow rapidly in the future. If growth continues along low wage lines, it implies an equally rapid expansion of worker insecurity. Government action to raise pay and interventions that enhance food and housing security are needed to support workers in the care delivery system for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49300,"journal":{"name":"Disability and Health Journal","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101769"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chronic conditions among transgender Medicare beneficiaries: Variation by race, ethnicity, and Medicaid dual-enrollment 跨性别医疗保险受益人的慢性病：种族、民族和医疗补助双登记的差异。

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Disability and Health Journal

Pub Date : 2024-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101764

Gray Babbs , Abby Mulcahy , Jacqueline Ellison , Hiren Varma , David R. Pletta , Kim Yee , Landon D. Hughes , Theresa I. Shireman , Jaclyn M.W. Hughto

Background

Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) adults experience disability at twice the rate of cisgender (non-TGD) adults in the US. TGD people of color and low-income TGD people experience intersecting discrimination that may compound chronic conditions and disability. To our knowledge, no research has focused on chronic conditions among TGD Medicare beneficiaries with disabilities.

Objective

We compared the probability of chronic conditions among TGD adults with disability-based eligibility for Medicare across race, ethnicity, and dual Medicaid-Medicare enrollment.

Methods

We used cross-sectional Medicare enrollment and claims data between 2008 and 2017 for fee-for-service beneficiaries eligible based on disability. We applied a claims-based algorithm to identify TGD beneficiaries. We assessed differences in beneficiaries' age-adjusted predicted probability of chronic conditions across race, ethnicity, and dual eligibility.

Results

Dual-eligible TGD beneficiaries (N = 8041) had a higher predicted probability of nine out of ten health condition categories relative to Medicare-only TGD beneficiaries (N = 6237). For each race and ethnicity category, the most prevalent condition categories were mental health, cardiovascular conditions, and non-cardiovascular-related physical health conditions. Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black TGD beneficiaries had over two and three times the probability of infectious disease as non-Hispanic White TGD beneficiaries, respectively.

Conclusions

TGD adults with disabilities have high rates of chronic conditions with additional disparities by race, ethnicity, and dual eligibility status. Our findings offer potential directions for mixed-methods and intervention research aimed at identifying and ameliorating the drivers of these disparities among TGD Medicare beneficiaries with disabilities.

背景：在美国，跨性别和性别多样化（TGD）的成年人经历残疾的比率是顺性别（非TGD）成年人的两倍。有色人种的TGD患者和低收入的TGD患者经历了交叉的歧视，这可能会加剧慢性疾病和残疾。据我们所知，没有研究集中在残疾的TGD医疗保险受益人的慢性疾病。目的：我们比较基于残疾的TGD成人在不同种族、民族和双重医疗保险登记中获得医疗保险资格的慢性疾病的概率。方法：我们使用2008年至2017年的断面医疗保险登记和索赔数据，用于基于残疾的服务收费受益人。我们采用基于索赔的算法来确定TGD受益人。我们评估了受益人年龄调整后的慢性病预测概率在种族、民族和双重资格方面的差异。结果：双重资格的TGD受益人（N = 8041）相对于仅医疗保险的TGD受益人（N = 6237）具有更高的10种健康状况类别中的9种预测概率。对于每个种族和族裔类别，最普遍的疾病类别是精神健康、心血管疾病和非心血管相关的身体健康状况。西班牙裔和非西班牙裔黑人TGD受益人患传染病的概率分别是非西班牙裔白人TGD受益人的两倍和三倍以上。结论：TGD成人残疾慢性疾病发生率高，且种族、民族和双重资格状况存在额外差异。我们的研究结果为混合方法和干预研究提供了潜在的方向，旨在确定和改善TGD医疗保险受益人中残疾的这些差异的驱动因素。

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引用次数: 0

The adaptation of the GameSquad exergaming intervention for young adults with Down syndrome: A pilot feasibility study 为患有唐氏综合症的年轻成人改编 GameSquad 外部游戏干预：试点可行性研究

IF 3.7 2区医学 Q1 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Disability and Health Journal

Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101766

Kameron Suire , Brian C. Helsel , April Bowling , Amanda E. Staiano , Joseph R. Sherman , Anna Rice , Lauren T. Ptomey

Background

Exergames may be a feasible alternative to in-person exercise that is adaptable for adults with Down Syndrome (DS).

Objective

The purpose of this study was to conduct a 12-week pilot trial to assess the feasibility of exergames for adults with DS.

Methods

Adults with DS were provided Ring Fit Adventure™ which uses a resistance ring and body weight to perform cardiovascular and strength exercises. Participants were instructed to play Ring Fit Adventure™ for 120 min/week and attend 30-min weekly virtual coaching sessions where a health educator encouraged gameplay via goal setting, helped troubleshoot technological issues, and collected self-reported minutes of gameplay. Intervention outcomes included attendance, adherence to weekly gameplay goals, retention, safety, and exercise intensity captured via heart rate and indirect calorimetry.

Results

Twenty adults with DS (age 23.5 years, 89 % non-Hispanic white, 61 % female) enrolled and 19 participants completed the trial. Participants attended 93 % of coaching sessions and 90 % met the weekly gameplay goals. The average gameplay duration was 39 min/session and 123 min/week at 67.3 % of the participants’ estimated maximum heart rate. Both the average heart rate during the intervention and metabolic equivalents (3.4 ± 1.0) during the indirect calorimetry assessment were suggestive of moderate intensity exercise.

Conclusions

Attendance and adherence to the weekly gameplay goal were high among adults with DS who were able to reach and sustain moderate intensity during the exergame sessions. Exergaming represents a home-based option for accumulating minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity that is feasible for and acceptable to adults with DS.

背景：运动游戏可能是一种可行的替代面对面的锻炼，适用于成人唐氏综合症（DS）。目的：本研究的目的是进行一项为期12周的试点试验，以评估成人退行性椎体滑移的可行性。方法：为成年DS患者提供Ring Fit Adventure™，该方法使用阻力环和体重进行心血管和力量锻炼。参与者被要求每周玩120分钟的Ring Fit Adventure™，并参加每周30分钟的虚拟指导课程，其中健康教育工作者通过设定目标鼓励游戏，帮助解决技术问题，并收集自我报告的游戏时间。干预结果包括出勤率、坚持每周游戏目标、留存率、安全性和运动强度（通过心率和间接热量测量）。结果：20名成年DS患者（23.5岁，89%非西班牙裔白人，61%女性）入组，19名参与者完成了试验。参与者参加了93%的指导课程，90%的人达到了每周的游戏目标。平均游戏时间为39分钟/次，123分钟/周，是参与者估计最大心率的67.3%。干预期间的平均心率和间接量热法评估期间的代谢当量（3.4±1.0）均提示中等强度运动。结论：在成年DS患者中，能够在游戏过程中达到并维持中等强度的人，对每周游戏目标的出勤率和坚持度都很高。Exergaming是一种以家庭为基础的选择，可以积累几分钟的中等到高强度的身体活动，对于患有DS的成年人来说是可行的，也是可以接受的。

{"title":"The adaptation of the GameSquad exergaming intervention for young adults with Down syndrome: A pilot feasibility study","authors":"Kameron Suire , Brian C. Helsel , April Bowling , Amanda E. Staiano , Joseph R. Sherman , Anna Rice , Lauren T. Ptomey","doi":"10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dhjo.2024.101766","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Exergames may be a feasible alternative to in-person exercise that is adaptable for adults with Down Syndrome (DS).</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to conduct a 12-week pilot trial to assess the feasibility of exergames for adults with DS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adults with DS were provided Ring Fit Adventure™ which uses a resistance ring and body weight to perform cardiovascular and strength exercises. Participants were instructed to play Ring Fit Adventure™ for 120 min/week and attend 30-min weekly virtual coaching sessions where a health educator encouraged gameplay via goal setting, helped troubleshoot technological issues, and collected self-reported minutes of gameplay. Intervention outcomes included attendance, adherence to weekly gameplay goals, retention, safety, and exercise intensity captured via heart rate and indirect calorimetry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty adults with DS (age 23.5 years, 89 % non-Hispanic white, 61 % female) enrolled and 19 participants completed the trial. Participants attended 93 % of coaching sessions and 90 % met the weekly gameplay goals. The average gameplay duration was 39 min/session and 123 min/week at 67.3 % of the participants’ estimated maximum heart rate. Both the average heart rate during the intervention and metabolic equivalents (3.4 ± 1.0) during the indirect calorimetry assessment were suggestive of moderate intensity exercise.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Attendance and adherence to the weekly gameplay goal were high among adults with DS who were able to reach and sustain moderate intensity during the exergame sessions. Exergaming represents a home-based option for accumulating minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity that is feasible for and acceptable to adults with DS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49300,"journal":{"name":"Disability and Health Journal","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101766"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0