Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15193/zntj/2022/132/423
H. Kowalska, Ewelina Masiarz, Anna Ignaczak, Mateusz Baranowski, Jolanta Kowalska
Background. Pre-osmotic dehydration of fruits may significantly reduce free water content. It also causes fruit penetration by solution components, increasing the efficiency of products manufactured by the osmotic-convection method. A study was carried out on a laboratory and industrial scale to perform an operational evaluation of a technological line for dried cherry production. Frozen pitted cherries (Łutówka variety) were the research material. Sucrose solution, concentrated apple juice, and sucrose and glucosefructose syrup mixture (1:1) were used for OD; with 70±2 °Brix at 40, 55 °C (an industrial scale), and 50 °C (a laboratory scale) to obtain ≥ 60 °Brix of fruit extract. Industrial convection drying was carried out at 70 °C until the water activity of < 0.6 was reached. Results and conclusion. Increasing the osmoactive solution temperature enhanced the efficiency of a process aimed at fruit saturation by an osmotic substance and shortened the treatment time. Higher dehydration efficiency resulted in shorter convective drying time. No impact of the osmotic solution type on most mass exchange indices in dehydrated fruits was found. Despite the significantly higher process efficiency of the pre-dehydration in apple juice concentrate and drying stages, there was no significant impact of the solution type on the total process efficiency expressed as the ratio of dried mass to raw material mass. In spite of the same variants of osmotic dehydration of cherries in both production scales, the dehydration time under industrial conditions was even 11times longer. The technical condition of the tested line was determined as operable. The osmotic dehydration and drying equipment was working correctly. The complexity of repair processes and time-consuming equipment cleaning were demonstrated.
{"title":"OCENA EKSPLOATACYJNA LINII TECHNOLOGICZNEJ DO PRZEMYSŁOWEJ PRODUKCJI SUSZU Z WIŚNI METODĄ OSMOTYCZNO-KONWEKCYJNĄ, W PORÓWNANIU ZE SKALĄ LABORATORYJNĄ","authors":"H. Kowalska, Ewelina Masiarz, Anna Ignaczak, Mateusz Baranowski, Jolanta Kowalska","doi":"10.15193/zntj/2022/132/423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2022/132/423","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Pre-osmotic dehydration of fruits may significantly reduce free water content. It also causes fruit penetration by solution components, increasing the efficiency of products manufactured by the osmotic-convection method. A study was carried out on a laboratory and industrial scale to perform an operational evaluation of a technological line for dried cherry production. Frozen pitted cherries (Łutówka variety) were the research material. Sucrose solution, concentrated apple juice, and sucrose and glucosefructose syrup mixture (1:1) were used for OD; with 70±2 °Brix at 40, 55 °C (an industrial scale), and 50 °C (a laboratory scale) to obtain ≥ 60 °Brix of fruit extract. Industrial convection drying was carried out at 70 °C until the water activity of < 0.6 was reached. Results and conclusion. Increasing the osmoactive solution temperature enhanced the efficiency of a process aimed at fruit saturation by an osmotic substance and shortened the treatment time. Higher dehydration efficiency resulted in shorter convective drying time. No impact of the osmotic solution type on most mass exchange indices in dehydrated fruits was found. Despite the significantly higher process efficiency of the pre-dehydration in apple juice concentrate and drying stages, there was no significant impact of the solution type on the total process efficiency expressed as the ratio of dried mass to raw material mass. In spite of the same variants of osmotic dehydration of cherries in both production scales, the dehydration time under industrial conditions was even 11times longer. The technical condition of the tested line was determined as operable. The osmotic dehydration and drying equipment was working correctly. The complexity of repair processes and time-consuming equipment cleaning were demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":49327,"journal":{"name":"Zywnosc-Nauka, Technologia, Jakosc","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66863367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15193/zntj/2022/133/431
Agnieszka Tkaczyńska, E. Rytel
Background. Colored-flesh potato varieties are becoming more and more popular in Poland. One of the distinctive features of tuber quality is a tendency for the enzymatic darkening of flesh. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of red and purple flesh potato varieties on the change of their color immediately after cutting tubers, one hour and four hours after their cutting, and on the total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. The research material was three purple flesh potato varieties: Provita, Double Fun, Violet Queen and three red flesh potato varieties: Magenta, Mulberry Beauty, Lily Rose. The raw material came from Polish producers from the 2020 and 2021 growing seasons. Basic chemical composition, total polyphenol content and ABTS+• (μM TROLOX/1g d.m.) and DPPH (μM TROLOX/1g d.m.), as well as antioxidant activity were determined for the potatoes. The color of tuber flesh and its changes were determined calorimetrically using a Minolta CR-200. Results and conclusions. Purple flesh potatoes were characterized by higher total polyphenol content (by 2%) and higher antioxidant activity of ABTS+• and DPPH• (71.2, and 21.0 μM TROLOX/1g d.m. respectively) in comparison to the red varieties (ABTS+• – 60.5 and DPPH – 15.5 μM TROLOX/1g d.m.). The potato varieties tested were characterized by a low tendency for the enzymatic darkening of tubers. The flesh of purple potatoes immediately after cutting was darker (L* 41.8 on average). It was also characterized by a higher share of blue (b* -2.8 on average) and a lower share of red (a* 3.8 on average) than for red flesh potatoes. The flesh of red potatoes after cutting was characterized by a color with a higher proportion of yellow shade (parameter b* was 7.2 on average), which did not change after four hours after cutting.
{"title":"WPŁYW ODMIANY ZIEMNIAKÓW O CZERWONYM I FIOLETOWYM MIĄŻSZU NA CIEMNIENIE ENZYMATYCZNE BULW ORAZ WŁAŚCIWOŚCI PRZECIWUTLENIAJĄCE","authors":"Agnieszka Tkaczyńska, E. Rytel","doi":"10.15193/zntj/2022/133/431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2022/133/431","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Colored-flesh potato varieties are becoming more and more popular in Poland. One of the distinctive features of tuber quality is a tendency for the enzymatic darkening of flesh. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of red and purple flesh potato varieties on the change of their color immediately after cutting tubers, one hour and four hours after their cutting, and on the total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. The research material was three purple flesh potato varieties: Provita, Double Fun, Violet Queen and three red flesh potato varieties: Magenta, Mulberry Beauty, Lily Rose. The raw material came from Polish producers from the 2020 and 2021 growing seasons. Basic chemical composition, total polyphenol content and ABTS+• (μM TROLOX/1g d.m.) and DPPH (μM TROLOX/1g d.m.), as well as antioxidant activity were determined for the potatoes. The color of tuber flesh and its changes were determined calorimetrically using a Minolta CR-200. Results and conclusions. Purple flesh potatoes were characterized by higher total polyphenol content (by 2%) and higher antioxidant activity of ABTS+• and DPPH• (71.2, and 21.0 μM TROLOX/1g d.m. respectively) in comparison to the red varieties (ABTS+• – 60.5 and DPPH – 15.5 μM TROLOX/1g d.m.). The potato varieties tested were characterized by a low tendency for the enzymatic darkening of tubers. The flesh of purple potatoes immediately after cutting was darker (L* 41.8 on average). It was also characterized by a higher share of blue (b* -2.8 on average) and a lower share of red (a* 3.8 on average) than for red flesh potatoes. The flesh of red potatoes after cutting was characterized by a color with a higher proportion of yellow shade (parameter b* was 7.2 on average), which did not change after four hours after cutting.","PeriodicalId":49327,"journal":{"name":"Zywnosc-Nauka, Technologia, Jakosc","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66863501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15193/zntj/2022/130/405
Adam S. Grdeń, Halina Kobak, B. Sołowiej
Background. Nowadays, the world is confronted with the problem of rapid population growth and constraints on food productivity to meet the nutritional needs of all people. Agriculture and the food industry are facing difficulties in increasing food production as natural goods such as cultivable land area, water and electricity are being depleted. One of the most important dietary components that may start to become scarce is protein. Existing protein sources, especially animal protein, are very detrimental to the climate, hence not only new solutions, but also new and more sustainable protein sources must be sought. Results and conclusion: Some possible new protein sources and other nutrients may include edible insects in the form of flour from e.g. the house cricket (Acheta domesticus), marine algae in the form of powdered Spirulina (Arthrosipra platensis), ocean krill e.g. antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), cultured meat or Single Cell Protein (SCP). While these raw materials have not been widely used to date, their composition and nutritional value may seem promising. Each of these sources has its advantages and disadvantages, but considering the high demand for new foods, they should be given more careful attention, especially regarding their use in the food industry. Due to their content of essential amino acids and, in the case of edible insects, complete proteins, they can be an excellent alternative to conventional food sources. Additionally, due to the fact that they are rich in certain compounds, they can become new functional food with a wide range of applications.
{"title":"Selected unconventional sources of protein and other nutrients","authors":"Adam S. Grdeń, Halina Kobak, B. Sołowiej","doi":"10.15193/zntj/2022/130/405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2022/130/405","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Nowadays, the world is confronted with the problem of rapid population growth and constraints on food productivity to meet the nutritional needs of all people. Agriculture and the food industry are facing difficulties in increasing food production as natural goods such as cultivable land area, water and electricity are being depleted. One of the most important dietary components that may start to become scarce is protein. Existing protein sources, especially animal protein, are very detrimental to the climate, hence not only new solutions, but also new and more sustainable protein sources must be sought. Results and conclusion: Some possible new protein sources and other nutrients may include edible insects in the form of flour from e.g. the house cricket (Acheta domesticus), marine algae in the form of powdered Spirulina (Arthrosipra platensis), ocean krill e.g. antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), cultured meat or Single Cell Protein (SCP). While these raw materials have not been widely used to date, their composition and nutritional value may seem promising. Each of these sources has its advantages and disadvantages, but considering the high demand for new foods, they should be given more careful attention, especially regarding their use in the food industry. Due to their content of essential amino acids and, in the case of edible insects, complete proteins, they can be an excellent alternative to conventional food sources. Additionally, due to the fact that they are rich in certain compounds, they can become new functional food with a wide range of applications.","PeriodicalId":49327,"journal":{"name":"Zywnosc-Nauka, Technologia, Jakosc","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66862724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15193/zntj/2022/133/430
Agnieszka Rudzka, Marek Zborowski, Łukasz Chojnowski, Robert Madej
Background. Out of concern for human resources and the quality of transport services, transport companies need information that would allow them to design effective interventions to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity among drivers and the associated risks. To design such interventions, knowledge about habits of drivers and their impact on health is essential. This study was aimed at examining the impact of eating habits and lifestyle of public transport drivers of MPK in Czestochowa S.A. on general well-being. The research method applied was a survey that included original questions about the lifestyle and eating habits of drivers, as well as a 24-hour dietary recall and the WHO-5 well-being questionnaire. Results and conclusions. A high percentage (42 %) of the surveyed drivers were characterized by a poor well-being. These drivers were more likely to smoke and sleep less than 6 hours a night than other drivers, and were less likely to supplement their diet with vitamin D, consumed less coffee and snacks, and ate less frequent meals. The two groups of drivers also differed in fibre intake, which was lower in drivers with a poor well-being. The only statistically significant difference between the study groups was the percentage of smokers, however, taking into account the literature data, future studies should also take into account other mentioned factors and be carried out with the participation of about 270 drivers. Further work on the impact of drivers' habits may allow designing effective interventions to support the sustainable working environment in transport companies.
{"title":"WPŁYW NAWYKÓW ŻYWIENIOWYCH I STYLU ŻYCIA KIEROWCÓW TRANSPORTU PUBLICZNEGO MPK W CZĘSTOCHOWIE S.A. NA OGÓLNE SAMOPOCZUCIE - BADANIA PILOTAŻOWE","authors":"Agnieszka Rudzka, Marek Zborowski, Łukasz Chojnowski, Robert Madej","doi":"10.15193/zntj/2022/133/430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2022/133/430","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Out of concern for human resources and the quality of transport services, transport companies need information that would allow them to design effective interventions to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity among drivers and the associated risks. To design such interventions, knowledge about habits of drivers and their impact on health is essential. This study was aimed at examining the impact of eating habits and lifestyle of public transport drivers of MPK in Czestochowa S.A. on general well-being. The research method applied was a survey that included original questions about the lifestyle and eating habits of drivers, as well as a 24-hour dietary recall and the WHO-5 well-being questionnaire. Results and conclusions. A high percentage (42 %) of the surveyed drivers were characterized by a poor well-being. These drivers were more likely to smoke and sleep less than 6 hours a night than other drivers, and were less likely to supplement their diet with vitamin D, consumed less coffee and snacks, and ate less frequent meals. The two groups of drivers also differed in fibre intake, which was lower in drivers with a poor well-being. The only statistically significant difference between the study groups was the percentage of smokers, however, taking into account the literature data, future studies should also take into account other mentioned factors and be carried out with the participation of about 270 drivers. Further work on the impact of drivers' habits may allow designing effective interventions to support the sustainable working environment in transport companies.","PeriodicalId":49327,"journal":{"name":"Zywnosc-Nauka, Technologia, Jakosc","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66863461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15193/zntj/2022/130/406
J. Wajs, A. Brodziak
Wprowadzenie. Współcześnie trwają zintensyfikowane poszukiwania nowych, innowacyjnych pokarmowych źródeł ochrony ustroju przed patogenami zagrażającymi zdrowiu, a nawet życiu. Jedną z alternatyw stanowi z całą pewnością kokos, a dokładnie frakcja średniołańcuchowych kwasów tłuszczowych, określanych jako MCT, pozyskiwana głównie z jego miąższu. Wyniki i wnioski. Za najzdrowszą formę MCT uważany jest olej kokosowy z pierwszego tłoczenia – VCO. Jak wskazują wyniki badań, kwasy tłuszczowe C6:0-C12:0, stanowiące podstawę oleju MCT, mają działanie przeciwzapalne, przeciwnowotworowe, przeciwcukrzycowe oraz pomagają kontrolować poziom sytości czy lipidów we krwi. Co więcej, wpływają na kształtowanie mikrobiomu nie tylko u ludzi, ale również i zwierząt. Ich szybki metabolizm w ustroju, niewymagający udziału enzymów trzustkowych, umożliwia ich wykorzystanie w cukrzycy czy zaburzeniach trawienia tłuszczu. Ponadto uzupełnienie diety ketogenicznej o MCT, zarówno ludzi, jak i zwierząt cierpiących na padaczkę idiopatyczną, hamuje lub ogranicza występowanie epizodów napadowych. Ze względu na właściwości nawilżające i regenerujące skórę, olej MCT oraz VCO znalazł zastosowanie również w innych gałęziach przemysłu, w tym kosmetycznym. Wyodrębniona frakcja MCT stosowna jest w produkcji karm dla zwierząt lub podawana jest jako odrębny suplement w postaci oleju MCT w diecie szczeniąt czy psów starszych. Podsumowując, ze względu na właściwości prozdrowotne średniołańcuchowe kwasy tłuszczowe znalazły swoje zastosowanie w diecie ludzi, ale też i zwierząt towarzyszących. Możliwość ich wykorzystania z roku na rok nabiera większego znaczenia.
{"title":"Zastosowanie frakcji MCT z oleju kokosowego w żywieniu i wpływ na zdrowie","authors":"J. Wajs, A. Brodziak","doi":"10.15193/zntj/2022/130/406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2022/130/406","url":null,"abstract":"Wprowadzenie. Współcześnie trwają zintensyfikowane poszukiwania nowych, innowacyjnych pokarmowych źródeł ochrony ustroju przed patogenami zagrażającymi zdrowiu, a nawet życiu. Jedną z alternatyw stanowi z całą pewnością kokos, a dokładnie frakcja średniołańcuchowych kwasów tłuszczowych, określanych jako MCT, pozyskiwana głównie z jego miąższu. Wyniki i wnioski. Za najzdrowszą formę MCT uważany jest olej kokosowy z pierwszego tłoczenia – VCO. Jak wskazują wyniki badań, kwasy tłuszczowe C6:0-C12:0, stanowiące podstawę oleju MCT, mają działanie przeciwzapalne, przeciwnowotworowe, przeciwcukrzycowe oraz pomagają kontrolować poziom sytości czy lipidów we krwi. Co więcej, wpływają na kształtowanie mikrobiomu nie tylko u ludzi, ale również i zwierząt. Ich szybki metabolizm w ustroju, niewymagający udziału enzymów trzustkowych, umożliwia ich wykorzystanie w cukrzycy czy zaburzeniach trawienia tłuszczu. Ponadto uzupełnienie diety ketogenicznej o MCT, zarówno ludzi, jak i zwierząt cierpiących na padaczkę idiopatyczną, hamuje lub ogranicza występowanie epizodów napadowych. Ze względu na właściwości nawilżające i regenerujące skórę, olej MCT oraz VCO znalazł zastosowanie również w innych gałęziach przemysłu, w tym kosmetycznym. Wyodrębniona frakcja MCT stosowna jest w produkcji karm dla zwierząt lub podawana jest jako odrębny suplement w postaci oleju MCT w diecie szczeniąt czy psów starszych. Podsumowując, ze względu na właściwości prozdrowotne średniołańcuchowe kwasy tłuszczowe znalazły swoje zastosowanie w diecie ludzi, ale też i zwierząt towarzyszących. Możliwość ich wykorzystania z roku na rok nabiera większego znaczenia.","PeriodicalId":49327,"journal":{"name":"Zywnosc-Nauka, Technologia, Jakosc","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66862735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15193/zntj/2022/132/420
E. Biazik, Z. Kralik, Manuela Košević
Background. There are projections that the global population might increase to around 10 billion people by 2050. This will lead to an increase in total global food demand of 35% to 56% between 2010 and 2050. Therefore, one of food producers' main goals should be to increase the quality of food products. Furthermore, current consumer income fluctuations may affect changes in the types of food purchased. The use of natural antioxidants may satisfy the growing interest of poultry consumers. In numerous literature studies, there is a trend toward utilizing natural antioxidants as replacements for synthetic ones. The aim of this study is to provide a review of recent studies which describe the use of natural antioxidants in poultry meat production and their effect on final product quality. Results and conclusion. This review presents an overview of the latest advances in the application of natural antioxidant compounds in poultry meat and processed meat products to improve their quality and shelf-life. In human nutrition and health, antioxidant nutrition remains the topic of a continuing debate. Natural antioxidants efficiently increase the shelf-life of poultry products. Lipid peroxidation decreases in meat when natural antioxidants are supplemented in feed, and the use of natural antioxidants could be an effective strategy to maintain the optimal quality of processed poultry products.
{"title":"ANTIOXIDANTS IN POULTRY MEAT PRODUCTS: QUALITY, SAFETY AND HEALTH ASPECTS","authors":"E. Biazik, Z. Kralik, Manuela Košević","doi":"10.15193/zntj/2022/132/420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2022/132/420","url":null,"abstract":"Background. There are projections that the global population might increase to around 10 billion people by 2050. This will lead to an increase in total global food demand of 35% to 56% between 2010 and 2050. Therefore, one of food producers' main goals should be to increase the quality of food products. Furthermore, current consumer income fluctuations may affect changes in the types of food purchased. The use of natural antioxidants may satisfy the growing interest of poultry consumers. In numerous literature studies, there is a trend toward utilizing natural antioxidants as replacements for synthetic ones. The aim of this study is to provide a review of recent studies which describe the use of natural antioxidants in poultry meat production and their effect on final product quality. Results and conclusion. This review presents an overview of the latest advances in the application of natural antioxidant compounds in poultry meat and processed meat products to improve their quality and shelf-life. In human nutrition and health, antioxidant nutrition remains the topic of a continuing debate. Natural antioxidants efficiently increase the shelf-life of poultry products. Lipid peroxidation decreases in meat when natural antioxidants are supplemented in feed, and the use of natural antioxidants could be an effective strategy to maintain the optimal quality of processed poultry products.","PeriodicalId":49327,"journal":{"name":"Zywnosc-Nauka, Technologia, Jakosc","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66863298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15193/zntj/2022/132/422
Anna Mikulec, Marek Zborowski, Urszula CISOŃ-APANASEWICZ, Aleksandra Stawiarska, S. Kowalski
Background. Social isolation turned out to be a new experience that affected many aspects, including those related to the lifestyle of people all around the world. Changing dietary habits, combined with reduced physical activity, may contribute to an increased risk of obesity among children and adolescents. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the social isolation related to the COVID-19 pandemic on the eating behavior of children and adolescents. The research tool was a questionnaire consisting of open-ended and choice questions concerning issues related to eating behaviors, regularity and frequency of meals, specific product groups and supplements used. Results and conclusion. Most respondents were teenagers aged 13 ÷ 15 and 16 ÷ 18 living in rural areas. Weight gain during the social isolation related to the COVID-19 pandemic was declared by 28.5 % of girls and 36.3 % of boys. The main reasons were a remote learning mode, decreased physical activity, depressed mood, stress, eating and sleep disorders. There were no significant differences in the number of meals consumed before and during the pandemic between boys and girls. Before the pandemic, both groups were comprised mainly by people eating three meals. During the social isolation, the number of people eating five or more meals a day increased in both groups. An increase in the consumption of coffee, tea and salty and sweet snacks was observed. During the pandemic, the number of people undertaking physical activity decreased, so did the average time spend on sports.
{"title":"WPŁYW PANDEMII COVID-19 NA ZACHOWANIA ŻYWIENIOWE DZIECI I MŁODZIEŻY","authors":"Anna Mikulec, Marek Zborowski, Urszula CISOŃ-APANASEWICZ, Aleksandra Stawiarska, S. Kowalski","doi":"10.15193/zntj/2022/132/422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2022/132/422","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Social isolation turned out to be a new experience that affected many aspects, including those related to the lifestyle of people all around the world. Changing dietary habits, combined with reduced physical activity, may contribute to an increased risk of obesity among children and adolescents. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of the social isolation related to the COVID-19 pandemic on the eating behavior of children and adolescents. The research tool was a questionnaire consisting of open-ended and choice questions concerning issues related to eating behaviors, regularity and frequency of meals, specific product groups and supplements used. Results and conclusion. Most respondents were teenagers aged 13 ÷ 15 and 16 ÷ 18 living in rural areas. Weight gain during the social isolation related to the COVID-19 pandemic was declared by 28.5 % of girls and 36.3 % of boys. The main reasons were a remote learning mode, decreased physical activity, depressed mood, stress, eating and sleep disorders. There were no significant differences in the number of meals consumed before and during the pandemic between boys and girls. Before the pandemic, both groups were comprised mainly by people eating three meals. During the social isolation, the number of people eating five or more meals a day increased in both groups. An increase in the consumption of coffee, tea and salty and sweet snacks was observed. During the pandemic, the number of people undertaking physical activity decreased, so did the average time spend on sports.","PeriodicalId":49327,"journal":{"name":"Zywnosc-Nauka, Technologia, Jakosc","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66863316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15193/zntj/2022/133/427
K. Goderska, Grzegorz Nikrandt
Background. Cancer poses a major public health challenge. Cancer treatment is expensive, burdened with many side effects, and in the case of some types of cancer, ineffective. This is related to the high degree of complexity of metabolic disorders accompanying the growth of neoplastic tissue. Therefore, special attention is paid to primary prevention, the aim of which is to reduce the risk of disease. Primary prevention activities focus on reducing exposure to modifiable risk factors, which include e.g. smoking, alcohol consumption, low physical activity and poor diet. Results and conclusion. The paper presents literature reports on the protective effect of bioactive compounds of plant origin against the development of cancer. Individual groups of compounds such as fibre, stilbenes, carotenoids, glucosinolates, betalains, phytitians, flavonoids, isoflavones and anthocyanins were characterized. The anti-carcinogenic properties of bioactive ingredients are discussed, taking into account the molecular mechanisms underlying their action. Particular attention was paid to the sources of compounds with anticancer activity present in food and the way these substances act on the processes of growth and migration of cancer cells. In addition, the results of experiments using in vitro and in vivo models as well as case-control trials with human participants are presented.
{"title":"WYBRANE SUBSTANCJE BIOAKTYWNE POCHODZENIA ROŚLINNEGO I ICH ROLA W ZAPOBIEGANIU NOWOTWOROM","authors":"K. Goderska, Grzegorz Nikrandt","doi":"10.15193/zntj/2022/133/427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2022/133/427","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Cancer poses a major public health challenge. Cancer treatment is expensive, burdened with many side effects, and in the case of some types of cancer, ineffective. This is related to the high degree of complexity of metabolic disorders accompanying the growth of neoplastic tissue. Therefore, special attention is paid to primary prevention, the aim of which is to reduce the risk of disease. Primary prevention activities focus on reducing exposure to modifiable risk factors, which include e.g. smoking, alcohol consumption, low physical activity and poor diet. Results and conclusion. The paper presents literature reports on the protective effect of bioactive compounds of plant origin against the development of cancer. Individual groups of compounds such as fibre, stilbenes, carotenoids, glucosinolates, betalains, phytitians, flavonoids, isoflavones and anthocyanins were characterized. The anti-carcinogenic properties of bioactive ingredients are discussed, taking into account the molecular mechanisms underlying their action. Particular attention was paid to the sources of compounds with anticancer activity present in food and the way these substances act on the processes of growth and migration of cancer cells. In addition, the results of experiments using in vitro and in vivo models as well as case-control trials with human participants are presented.","PeriodicalId":49327,"journal":{"name":"Zywnosc-Nauka, Technologia, Jakosc","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66863438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15193/zntj/2022/133/428
Marcelina Karbowiak, A. Brzezicka, Dorota Zielińska
Background. During the COVID-19 pandemic, various factors resulted in dramatic changes in the living environment of adolescents and young adults, consequently, harming their well-being and having a negative impact on their mental health. Therefore, supporting the mental health of young populations has been an imperative goal of recent research. There is a growing interest in the use of probiotics as psychobiotics to potentially aid in this goal. The review aimed to capture the current state of the literature on the impact of psychobiotic supplementation on mental health of adolescents and young adults in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic. The scope of the work included a systematic search of three databases: PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, and the ClinicalTrials.gov clinical trial database. Results and conclusion. A preliminary search did not allow to find studies referring to the COVID-19 pandemic. Narrowing queries down to studies conducted before the pandemic allowed to identify eighteen studies aimed at determining whether supplementation with probiotics improves the mental health of adolescents and young adults. In the included studies, the impact of probiotic consumption on stress levels, depressive symptoms, cognitive functioning and neurodevelopment were assessed most often. The evidence ambiguously indicates the effectiveness of probiotic interventions in ensuring mental health of adolescents and young adults. This is probably due to the limited number of small and short-term studies, as well as their heterogeneity. The results emerging from the existing literature are encouraging, but it is not possible to formulate an unequivocal recommendation. It is essential to plan and conduct new research into the role of probiotics in mental health and to verify their clinical efficacy in combating negative health effects caused by the coronavirus pandemic, including those affecting the mental health of adolescents and young adults.
背景。在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，各种因素导致青少年和年轻人的生活环境发生了巨大变化，从而损害了他们的福祉，并对他们的心理健康产生了负面影响。因此，支持年轻人的心理健康是最近研究的一个重要目标。人们对使用益生菌作为精神制剂来潜在地帮助实现这一目标越来越感兴趣。该综述旨在了解在COVID-19大流行背景下补充精神生物制剂对青少年和年轻人心理健康影响的文献现状。这项工作的范围包括对三个数据库的系统搜索:PubMed、Web of Science和Scopus，以及ClinicalTrials.gov临床试验数据库。结果与结论。初步搜索没有发现与COVID-19大流行有关的研究。将问题缩小到大流行之前进行的研究，可以确定18项旨在确定补充益生菌是否能改善青少年和年轻人的心理健康的研究。在纳入的研究中，最常评估益生菌摄入对压力水平、抑郁症状、认知功能和神经发育的影响。证据模糊地表明益生菌干预在确保青少年和年轻人心理健康方面的有效性。这可能是由于小型和短期研究的数量有限，以及它们的异质性。从现有文献中得出的结果令人鼓舞，但不可能形成明确的建议。必须规划和开展新的研究，研究益生菌在心理健康中的作用，并验证其在对抗冠状病毒大流行对健康造成的负面影响(包括影响青少年和年轻人心理健康的影响)方面的临床疗效。
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF THE SUPPLEMENTATION OF PROBIOTICS USED AS PSYCHOBIOTICS ON ADOLESCENTS’ AND YOUNG ADULTS’ MENTAL HEALTH AND WELL-BEING AFFECTED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC – A LITERATURE REVIEW OF THE CURRENT STATE OF KNOWLEDGE","authors":"Marcelina Karbowiak, A. Brzezicka, Dorota Zielińska","doi":"10.15193/zntj/2022/133/428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2022/133/428","url":null,"abstract":"Background. During the COVID-19 pandemic, various factors resulted in dramatic changes in the living environment of adolescents and young adults, consequently, harming their well-being and having a negative impact on their mental health. Therefore, supporting the mental health of young populations has been an imperative goal of recent research. There is a growing interest in the use of probiotics as psychobiotics to potentially aid in this goal. The review aimed to capture the current state of the literature on the impact of psychobiotic supplementation on mental health of adolescents and young adults in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic. The scope of the work included a systematic search of three databases: PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, and the ClinicalTrials.gov clinical trial database. Results and conclusion. A preliminary search did not allow to find studies referring to the COVID-19 pandemic. Narrowing queries down to studies conducted before the pandemic allowed to identify eighteen studies aimed at determining whether supplementation with probiotics improves the mental health of adolescents and young adults. In the included studies, the impact of probiotic consumption on stress levels, depressive symptoms, cognitive functioning and neurodevelopment were assessed most often. The evidence ambiguously indicates the effectiveness of probiotic interventions in ensuring mental health of adolescents and young adults. This is probably due to the limited number of small and short-term studies, as well as their heterogeneity. The results emerging from the existing literature are encouraging, but it is not possible to formulate an unequivocal recommendation. It is essential to plan and conduct new research into the role of probiotics in mental health and to verify their clinical efficacy in combating negative health effects caused by the coronavirus pandemic, including those affecting the mental health of adolescents and young adults.","PeriodicalId":49327,"journal":{"name":"Zywnosc-Nauka, Technologia, Jakosc","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66863446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15193/zntj/2021/126/370
I. Szymańska, A. Żbikowska, K. Marciniak-Łukasiak, M. Kowalska
Celem pracy było określenie wpływu wielkości dodatku zagęszczonego, wodnego ekstraktu z dzikiego dorsza na charakterystykę fizyczną modelowych emulsji typu O/W. Badano próbki zawierające 0, 4, 6, 8 i 10 % preparatu. Wyznaczono współczynniki konsystencji (wiskozymetrem rotacyjnym), średnią wielkość cząstek (pod mikroskopem optycznym), współczynniki dyspersji, stabilność wirówkową, stabilność termiczno-wirówkową oraz indeksy niestabilności emulsji (testem LUMiSizer). Przeprowadzono test przechowalniczy, którym analizowano profile transmisji światła przez próbki przechowywane w temp. 4, 20 lub 40 ºC przez 1, 4, 7, 10 i 14 dni. Wykazano, że wprowadzenie preparatu z dorsza do modelowych emulsji spowodowało wzrost średniej wielkości cząstek i współczynnika konsystencji emulsji oraz zmniejszenie wielkości współczynnika dyspersji w porównaniu z próbą kontrolną (bez udziału białka). Wszystkie emulsje były stabilne w teście wirówkowym, natomiast te z dodatkiem preparatu uległy niewielkiemu rozwarstwieniu w teście termiczno-wirówkowym. Na trwałość emulsji w czasie wpływ miały zarówno obecność preparatu w ich składzie, jak i temperatura przechowywania. Zastosowany preparat wydłużył trwałość emulsji. Próbki termostatowane w temp. 40 ºC charakteryzowały się najniższą stabilnością przechowalniczą – odwracalne i nieodwracalne zjawiska destabilizacji zachodziły w nich najintensywniej. Wykazano możliwość zagospodarowania odpadów branży rybnej do produkcji emulsji niskotłuszczowych.
{"title":"Charakterystyka modelowych emulsji typu O/W z dodatkiem zagęszczonego wodnego ekstraktu z dzikiego dorsza","authors":"I. Szymańska, A. Żbikowska, K. Marciniak-Łukasiak, M. Kowalska","doi":"10.15193/zntj/2021/126/370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2021/126/370","url":null,"abstract":"Celem pracy było określenie wpływu wielkości dodatku zagęszczonego, wodnego ekstraktu z dzikiego dorsza na charakterystykę fizyczną modelowych emulsji typu O/W. Badano próbki zawierające 0, 4, 6, 8 i 10 % preparatu. Wyznaczono współczynniki konsystencji (wiskozymetrem rotacyjnym), średnią wielkość cząstek (pod mikroskopem optycznym), współczynniki dyspersji, stabilność wirówkową, stabilność termiczno-wirówkową oraz indeksy niestabilności emulsji (testem LUMiSizer). Przeprowadzono test przechowalniczy, którym analizowano profile transmisji światła przez próbki przechowywane w temp. 4, 20 lub 40 ºC przez 1, 4, 7, 10 i 14 dni. Wykazano, że wprowadzenie preparatu z dorsza do modelowych emulsji spowodowało wzrost średniej wielkości cząstek i współczynnika konsystencji emulsji oraz zmniejszenie wielkości współczynnika dyspersji w porównaniu z próbą kontrolną (bez udziału białka). Wszystkie emulsje były stabilne w teście wirówkowym, natomiast te z dodatkiem preparatu uległy niewielkiemu rozwarstwieniu w teście termiczno-wirówkowym. Na trwałość emulsji w czasie wpływ miały zarówno obecność preparatu w ich składzie, jak i temperatura przechowywania. Zastosowany preparat wydłużył trwałość emulsji. Próbki termostatowane w temp. 40 ºC charakteryzowały się najniższą stabilnością przechowalniczą – odwracalne i nieodwracalne zjawiska destabilizacji zachodziły w nich najintensywniej. Wykazano możliwość zagospodarowania odpadów branży rybnej do produkcji emulsji niskotłuszczowych.","PeriodicalId":49327,"journal":{"name":"Zywnosc-Nauka, Technologia, Jakosc","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66862280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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