Pub Date : 2025-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.11.004
Dong Guo , Makoto Tokuda , Yan Li , Xuankun Li
We describe two new species—Holopogon hyalopterussp.nov. And Molobratia zhangisp.nov.—and report the first record of Cyrtopogon centralis for Liaoning Province. Morphological identifications were supported by molecular evidence from 34 full-length (658 bp) COI barcode sequences. Both Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) and multi-rate Poisson Tree Processes (mPTP) analyses consistently delineated three distinct species, confirming the morphological conclusions. This research provides the first systematic study of Liaoning's asilid diversity, highlighting the province's underexplored status and its importance for understanding insect biogeography in Northeast Asia.
{"title":"Assassin flies of Liaoning Province, China—I. Subfamilies Brachyrhopalinae and Dasypogoninae (Diptera, Asilidae)","authors":"Dong Guo , Makoto Tokuda , Yan Li , Xuankun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We describe two new species—<em>Holopogon hyalopterus</em> <strong>sp.</strong> <strong>n</strong><strong>ov.</strong> And <em>Molobratia zhangi</em> <strong>sp.</strong> <strong>n</strong><strong>ov.</strong>—and report the first record of <em>Cyrtopogon centralis</em> for Liaoning Province. Morphological identifications were supported by molecular evidence from 34 full-length (658 bp) COI barcode sequences. Both Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) and multi-rate Poisson Tree Processes (mPTP) analyses consistently delineated three distinct species, confirming the morphological conclusions. This research provides the first systematic study of Liaoning's asilid diversity, highlighting the province's underexplored status and its importance for understanding insect biogeography in Northeast Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"320 ","pages":"Pages 1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145610131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.11.001
Sivaperuman Chandrakasan, Swarnakala Thamada
The Andaman Islands harbor a unique biodiversity that is distinct from Asian mainland India and Southeast Asia due to geographical isolation, high endemism, and varied ecological conditions. Among the diverse fauna, species of the genus Junonia are widely distributed across various habitats; however, their genetic diversity has not been explored using molecular approaches in this region. The present study aimed to generate mitochondrial COI gene DNA barcodes for Junonia species from the Andaman Islands on a broader scale. A total of 74 specimens, morphologically identified as four different species were analyzed. The intraspecific divergence ranged from 0.003 to 0.017, while interspecific nucleotide divergence among the four species ranged from 0.044 to 0.095. The maximum divergence (0.095) was observed between Junonia lemonias and Junonia atlites, and the lowest (0.044) between J. lemonias and Junonia hierta. The Phylogenetic tree was constructed using both Neighbor-Joining (NJ) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods which displayed nearly identical topologies, with COI sequences clustering cohesively by species. This study represents the first molecular documentation of Junonia genetic diversity in the Andaman Islands, establishing a critical baseline for future taxonomic and evolutionary investigations.
{"title":"Molecular phylogenetics and genetic diversity of Junonia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in Andaman group of Islands","authors":"Sivaperuman Chandrakasan, Swarnakala Thamada","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Andaman Islands harbor a unique biodiversity that is distinct from Asian mainland India and Southeast Asia due to geographical isolation, high endemism, and varied ecological conditions. Among the diverse fauna, species of the genus <em>Junonia</em> are widely distributed across various habitats; however, their genetic diversity has not been explored using molecular approaches in this region. The present study aimed to generate mitochondrial COI gene DNA barcodes for <em>Junonia</em> species from the Andaman Islands on a broader scale. A total of 74 specimens, morphologically identified as four different species were analyzed. The intraspecific divergence ranged from 0.003 to 0.017, while interspecific nucleotide divergence among the four species ranged from 0.044 to 0.095. The maximum divergence (0.095) was observed between <em>Junonia lemonias</em> and <em>Junonia atlites</em>, and the lowest (0.044) between <em>J. lemonias</em> and <em>Junonia hierta</em>. The Phylogenetic tree was constructed using both Neighbor-Joining (NJ) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods which displayed nearly identical topologies, with COI sequences clustering cohesively by species. This study represents the first molecular documentation of <em>Junonia</em> genetic diversity in the Andaman Islands, establishing a critical baseline for future taxonomic and evolutionary investigations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"319 ","pages":"Pages 378-385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145473957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.11.002
Wilson J.E.M. Costa, Caio R.M. Feltrin, José Leonardo O. Mattos, Axel M. Katz
Listrura is a genus of small fossorial microcambevine catfishes presently comprising 14 species in three subgenera, two from tropical and one from subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Our field studies have revealed five new species from the subtropical area with unique morphological features. Herein we conducted a molecular phylogeny including all nominal species of the genus in which the new species are supported forming a clade, here described as a new subgenus sister to the subgenus Listrura from the tropical area. The five new species are diagnosed on the basis of osteological characters and external morphology. The new subgenus is separated from its sister group by a distance of about 500 km. This distributional gap is probably a result of insufficient field sampling efforts directed to the specialized biotopes of Listrura, consisting of leaf litter in the bottom of small brooks draining gently sloping terrain. However, the increasing environmental degradation in the region can easily reduce or eradicate these fragile environments.
{"title":"Molecular phylogeny and morphology corroborating a new subgenus with five new species of fossorial catfish genus Listrura (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae) from southern Brazil","authors":"Wilson J.E.M. Costa, Caio R.M. Feltrin, José Leonardo O. Mattos, Axel M. Katz","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Listrura</em> is a genus of small fossorial microcambevine catfishes presently comprising 14 species in three subgenera, two from tropical and one from subtropical Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Our field studies have revealed five new species from the subtropical area with unique morphological features. Herein we conducted a molecular phylogeny including all nominal species of the genus in which the new species are supported forming a clade, here described as a new subgenus sister to the subgenus <em>Listrura</em> from the tropical area. The five new species are diagnosed on the basis of osteological characters and external morphology. The new subgenus is separated from its sister group by a distance of about 500 km. This distributional gap is probably a result of insufficient field sampling efforts directed to the specialized biotopes of <em>Listrura</em>, consisting of leaf litter in the bottom of small brooks draining gently sloping terrain. However, the increasing environmental degradation in the region can easily reduce or eradicate these fragile environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"319 ","pages":"Pages 395-407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.008
Chirlei D. Brito , Geane O. Lanes , Ricardo Kawada , Celso O. Azevedo
In Bethylidae, the ninth abdominal sternum or hypopygium is very important in the taxonomy of the family, because it is extremely variable in shape. Under this scenario, our objective is to compare the pregenital terminal segments and their muscles present in the abdomen of Bethylidae and standardize the terminology among the Hymenoptera. The function and position of the abdominal muscles and sclerites are described, the functions are discussed and the names are standardized. Our results indicate that the musculature and sclerites are few variable in the most part of the abdomen, however the ninth abdominal sternum presents the greatest changes related to its shape and associated muscles. Furthermore, based on our studies, we also infer that the sinergic movements of the ninth sterno-genital muscles are responsible for the protrusion, retraction and rotation of the genitalia, being responsible for the movements during the copula. In Pristocera, the muscles between S8 and S9 also promote secondarily the adduction and abduction of the ninth abdominal sternum. This phenomenon is interpreted as an example of exaptation. The understanding about the muscle morphology and its origin as well as its functionality are important because it may help conduct studies with other taxa in Hymenoptera with the same or different changes present in Bethylidae and arise hypotheses about the morphofunctionality in other groups.
{"title":"Pregenital terminal segments and functional morphology in the flat wasps (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)","authors":"Chirlei D. Brito , Geane O. Lanes , Ricardo Kawada , Celso O. Azevedo","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Bethylidae, the ninth abdominal sternum or hypopygium is very important in the taxonomy of the family, because it is extremely variable in shape. Under this scenario, our objective is to compare the pregenital terminal segments and their muscles present in the abdomen of Bethylidae and standardize the terminology among the Hymenoptera. The function and position of the abdominal muscles and sclerites are described, the functions are discussed and the names are standardized. Our results indicate that the musculature and sclerites are few variable in the most part of the abdomen, however the ninth abdominal sternum presents the greatest changes related to its shape and associated muscles. Furthermore, based on our studies, we also infer that the sinergic movements of the ninth sterno-genital muscles are responsible for the protrusion, retraction and rotation of the genitalia, being responsible for the movements during the copula. In <em>Pristocera</em>, the muscles between S8 and S9 also promote secondarily the adduction and abduction of the ninth abdominal sternum. This phenomenon is interpreted as an example of exaptation. The understanding about the muscle morphology and its origin as well as its functionality are important because it may help conduct studies with other taxa in Hymenoptera with the same or different changes present in Bethylidae and arise hypotheses about the morphofunctionality in other groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"319 ","pages":"Pages 335-348"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145473955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.11.003
Ahmet Mert Şenbahar
This study investigated population differences in whiting (Merlangius merlangus) from the Black Sea (BS) and the Sea of Marmara (SM) using truss morphometric analysis. Although whiting populations have been studied in major seas such as the Aegean, Mediterranean and Adriatic, this study fills a gap by exploring their morphological variation in diverse ecosystems, including inland seas like the SM. A total of 117 individuals were examined, with body shape variation assessed through a 17-point landmarks (yielding 38 truss network variables). Univariate ANOVA revealed that 33 out of 38 transformed truss morphometric parameters exhibited statistically significant variations across habitats. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first two components (PC1 and PC2) accounted for 44.19 % and 10.34 % of the variation, respectively, cumulatively explaining 54.53 % of the total variance. Additionally, discriminant analysis revealed morphological separation between the BS and SM populations, and M. merlangus showed significant phenotypic heterogeneity between two Turkish seas.
{"title":"Morphological variation in whiting (Merlangius merlangus) inhabiting the Black Sea and Sea of Marmara, Türkiye based on truss morphometry","authors":"Ahmet Mert Şenbahar","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated population differences in whiting (<em>Merlangius merlangus</em>) from the Black Sea (BS) and the Sea of Marmara (SM) using truss morphometric analysis. Although whiting populations have been studied in major seas such as the Aegean, Mediterranean and Adriatic, this study fills a gap by exploring their morphological variation in diverse ecosystems, including inland seas like the SM. A total of 117 individuals were examined, with body shape variation assessed through a 17-point landmarks (yielding 38 truss network variables). Univariate ANOVA revealed that 33 out of 38 transformed truss morphometric parameters exhibited statistically significant variations across habitats. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the first two components (PC1 and PC2) accounted for 44.19 % and 10.34 % of the variation, respectively, cumulatively explaining 54.53 % of the total variance. Additionally, discriminant analysis revealed morphological separation between the BS and SM populations, and <em>M. merlangus</em> showed significant phenotypic heterogeneity between two Turkish seas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"319 ","pages":"Pages 386-394"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.006
Tam T.T. Vu , Anh D. Nguyen , Reyes Peña-Santiago
Three (one new and two known) species of the genus Parahadronchus, found in natural areas of Vietnam, are characterized, including morphological descriptions, morphometrics, illustrations and molecular (18 S, 28 S) study. New data of Parahadronchus shakili and Parahadronchus siroii are provided. Parahadronchus pusillus sp. n. is distinguished by its 1.30–1.52 mm long body, lip region visibly expanded, 21–23 μm wide and offset by marked depression, buccal cavity 20–24 μm long with dorsal tooth apex at its middle and 2–4 (often 3) teeth on each subventral plate, neck 229–296 μm long, female genital system mono-prodelphic, slightly posterior (V = 50–56) and transverse vulva, tail very long and filiform (338–518 μm, c = 2.9–3.8, c’ = 17–23), and male unknown. Molecular analyses support the monophyly of Parahadronchus and identify fine major clades within the Mononchida tree, but their relationships significantly differ depending on the considered gene. The taxonomy of the genus is revised: emended diagnosis, list of species, key to their identification and a compendium of main morphometrics. Hadronchus kerangensis is regarded as a valid taxon and transferred to Parahadronchus.
本文对在越南自然地区发现的3种（1新种和2已知种）副ahadronchus进行了形态学描述、形态测量学、图解和分子（18s, 28s）研究。提供了沙基利副鸭嘴龙和siroii副鸭嘴龙的新资料。pusillus Parahadronchus sp. n.的特征是体长1.30-1.52 mm，唇区明显扩张，宽21-23 μm，有明显凹陷，口腔长20-24 μm，中间有背齿尖，每个腹下板上有2-4（通常为3）颗牙齿，颈部长229-296 μm，雌性生殖系统单前倾，稍后（V = 50-56）和横向外阴，尾巴很长，呈丝状（338-518 μm, c = 2.9-3.8, c ' = 17-23），雄性未知。分子分析支持副鸭嘴龙的单系性，并在单目目树中确定了精细的主要分支，但它们的关系因所考虑的基因而显着不同。对属的分类学进行了修订：订正的诊断、种表、鉴定要点和主要形态计量学简编。keranghadronchus被认为是一个有效的分类群，并被转移到副Hadronchus。
{"title":"Updated taxonomy and new insights into the evolutionary relationships of the genus Parahadronchus Mulvey, 1978 (Nematoda, Mononchida, Iotonchidae) after the study of three Vietnamese species","authors":"Tam T.T. Vu , Anh D. Nguyen , Reyes Peña-Santiago","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three (one new and two known) species of the genus <em>Parahadronchus</em>, found in natural areas of Vietnam, are characterized, including morphological descriptions, morphometrics, illustrations and molecular (18 S, 28 S) study. New data of <em>Parahadronchus shakili</em> and <em>Parahadronchus siroii</em> are provided. <em>Parahadronchus pusillus</em> sp. n. is distinguished by its 1.30–1.52 mm long body, lip region visibly expanded, 21–23 μm wide and offset by marked depression, buccal cavity 20–24 μm long with dorsal tooth apex at its middle and 2–4 (often 3) teeth on each subventral plate, neck 229–296 μm long, female genital system mono-prodelphic, slightly posterior (<em>V</em> = 50–56) and transverse vulva, tail very long and filiform (338–518 μm, <em>c</em> = 2.9–3.8, <em>c</em>’ = 17–23), and male unknown. Molecular analyses support the monophyly of <em>Parahadronchus</em> and identify fine major clades within the Mononchida tree, but their relationships significantly differ depending on the considered gene. The taxonomy of the genus is revised: emended diagnosis, list of species, key to their identification and a compendium of main morphometrics. <em>Hadronchus kerangensis</em> is regarded as a valid taxon and transferred to <em>Parahadronchus</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"319 ","pages":"Pages 323-334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.010
John Irish , Álvaro Zúñiga-Reinoso , Hanna Cieszynski , Hans Pohl , Reinhard Predel
Maindroniidae is a rarely-encountered monogeneric family of Zygentoma, of which only four species are described so far. Recent surveys in the Atacama Desert have revealed in the hyperarid core an astonishing molecular and morphological diversity of these insects. The present work aims to provide the basis for a systematic taxonomic analysis of this diversity. The former Maindronia neotropicalis from Chile is redescribed in a new genus as Atacamus neotropicalis, along with a second new genus and species, Peruatacamus atunpacha from Peru. Neotropical Maindroniidae are separated from Old World Maindroniidae and placed in the new subfamilies Atacaminae and Maindroniinae respectively.
{"title":"New genera of Neotropical Maindroniidae, with a redescription of Maindronia neotropicalis (Insecta, Zygentoma)","authors":"John Irish , Álvaro Zúñiga-Reinoso , Hanna Cieszynski , Hans Pohl , Reinhard Predel","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maindroniidae is a rarely-encountered monogeneric family of Zygentoma, of which only four species are described so far. Recent surveys in the Atacama Desert have revealed in the hyperarid core an astonishing molecular and morphological diversity of these insects. The present work aims to provide the basis for a systematic taxonomic analysis of this diversity. The former <em>Maindronia neotropicalis</em> from Chile is redescribed in a new genus as <em>Atacamus neotropicalis</em>, along with a second new genus and species, <em>Peruatacamus atunpacha</em> from Peru. Neotropical Maindroniidae are separated from Old World Maindroniidae and placed in the new subfamilies Atacaminae and Maindroniinae respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"319 ","pages":"Pages 349-377"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145473956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.007
Juan C. Díaz-Sandoval , Walter Aparecido Arruda de Oliveira , Daniela Cristina Ferreira , Amazonas Chagas-Jr
Although Newportia is the genus of Scolopendromorpha with the greatest species diversity in the Neotropics, its diversity may be underestimated in certain areas of Brazil, such as the Pantanal Mato-Grossense, Brazilian Savanna (Cerrado) and Atlantic Forest. In this study, based on morphological and molecular data, three new species of Newportia are described: N. (Newportia) chamberlinisp. n., Newportia (Newportia) asulcatasp. n., and the first troglobitic species of the subgenus Tidops, N. (Tidops) eleonoraesp. n.N. (Tidops) eleonoraesp. n. was not included in the molecular analyses due to issues with DNA sequencing. However, its troglomorphic traits—unique to troglobitic species of Newportia and the subgenus Tidops—unequivocally support its status as a new species. Species delimitation analysis based on the mitochondrial marker COI recovered three lineages within N. (Tidops) balzanii in the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso. Both N. (Newportia) chamberlinisp. n. and N. (Newportia) asulcatasp. n. are recovered as different species, the former from Mato Grosso, and the latter from Bahia, within the “Caatinga” biome, a xeric region transitioning into the Atlantic Forest, both from Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis under maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference depicts a polyphyletic Tidops, with Newportia balzanii split into two clades based on geographical distribution. N. chamberlinisp. n. and N. asulcatasp. n. are recovered as sister species of the traditionally named but invalid Scolopendrides. The results of this work indicate that the diversity of the genus is underestimated and demonstrate that molecular tools are useful for the recognition of different lineages within species.
{"title":"Three new species of the centipede Newportia Gervais, 1847 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopocryptopidae, Newportiinae) from central South America, with remarks on the discovery of several lineages within Newportia (Tidops) balzanii Silvestri","authors":"Juan C. Díaz-Sandoval , Walter Aparecido Arruda de Oliveira , Daniela Cristina Ferreira , Amazonas Chagas-Jr","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although <em>Newportia</em> is the genus of Scolopendromorpha with the greatest species diversity in the Neotropics, its diversity may be underestimated in certain areas of Brazil, such as the Pantanal Mato-Grossense, Brazilian Savanna (Cerrado) and Atlantic Forest. In this study, based on morphological and molecular data, three new species of <em>Newportia</em> are described: <em>N.</em> (<em>Newportia</em>) <em>chamberlini</em> <strong>sp. n.</strong>, <em>Newportia</em> (<em>Newportia</em>) <em>asulcata</em> <strong>sp. n.</strong>, and the first troglobitic species of the subgenus <em>Tidops</em>, <em>N.</em> (<em>Tidops</em>) <em>eleonorae</em> <strong>sp. n.</strong> <em>N.</em> (<em>Tidops</em>) <em>eleonorae</em> <strong>sp. n.</strong> was not included in the molecular analyses due to issues with DNA sequencing. However, its troglomorphic traits—unique to troglobitic species of <em>Newportia</em> and the subgenus <em>Tidops</em>—unequivocally support its status as a new species. Species delimitation analysis based on the mitochondrial marker COI recovered three lineages within <em>N.</em> (<em>Tidops</em>) <em>balzanii</em> in the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso do Sul and Mato Grosso. Both <em>N.</em> (<em>Newportia</em>) <em>chamberlini</em> <strong>sp. n.</strong> and <em>N</em>. (<em>Newportia</em>) <em>asulcata</em> <strong>sp. n.</strong> are recovered as different species, the former from Mato Grosso, and the latter from Bahia, within the “Caatinga” biome, a xeric region transitioning into the Atlantic Forest, both from Brazil. Phylogenetic analysis under maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference depicts a polyphyletic <em>Tidops</em>, with <em>Newportia balzanii</em> split into two clades based on geographical distribution. <em>N</em>. <em>chamberlini</em> <strong>sp. n.</strong> and <em>N</em>. <em>asulcata</em> <strong>sp. n</strong>. are recovered as sister species of the traditionally named but invalid <em>Scolopendrides</em>. The results of this work indicate that the diversity of the genus is underestimated and demonstrate that molecular tools are useful for the recognition of different lineages within species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"319 ","pages":"Pages 300-322"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Dugesiidae is a family of freshwater planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida), which includes 15 genera, with about 250 valid species. In particular, the genus Girardia encompasses 59 species, mainly distributed in the Neotropics. In this paper, we describe two new species of the genus Girardia, viz. Girardia limayana Negrete & Brusa sp. nov. and Girardia ventriphalla Negrete & Brusa sp. nov., found in different water bodies from Argentine Patagonia. We also studied specimens of Girardia tomasi, which allowed expanding its geographic distribution. The description of the new taxa focuses on their internal anatomy, mainly related to the copulatory apparatus, which was studied by serial histological sections. Partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (Cox-1) were also obtained to describe the freshwater planarians within a taxonomic integrative approach, including species delimitation approaches (ASAP and mPTP). The mPTP method recovered the three species herein studied, but ASAP, in its best score, failed to delimit G. ventriphalla sp. nov. from G. tomasi. Considering these approaches, along with the anatomical analyses, we decided to keep these latter species as different entities.
{"title":"When anatomy speaks louder than genes: two new freshwater planarian species (Platyhelminthes: Dugesiidae) from Argentine Patagonia","authors":"Lisandro Negrete , Agustina Zivano , Gonzalo Vargas , Francisco Brusa","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Dugesiidae is a family of freshwater planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida), which includes 15 genera, with about 250 valid species. In particular, the genus <em>Girardia</em> encompasses 59 species, mainly distributed in the Neotropics. In this paper, we describe two new species of the genus <em>Girardia</em>, viz. <em>Girardia limayana</em> Negrete & Brusa sp. nov. and <em>Girardia ventriphalla</em> Negrete & Brusa sp. nov., found in different water bodies from Argentine Patagonia. We also studied specimens of <em>Girardia tomasi</em>, which allowed expanding its geographic distribution. The description of the new taxa focuses on their internal anatomy, mainly related to the copulatory apparatus, which was studied by serial histological sections. Partial sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (Cox-1) were also obtained to describe the freshwater planarians within a taxonomic integrative approach, including species delimitation approaches (ASAP and mPTP). The mPTP method recovered the three species herein studied, but ASAP, in its best score, failed to delimit <em>G. ventriphalla</em> sp. nov. from <em>G. tomasi</em>. Considering these approaches, along with the anatomical analyses, we decided to keep these latter species as different entities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"319 ","pages":"Pages 267-281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145332263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-10-14DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.005
Zeycan Helvacı
The ecological and evolutionary dynamics of closely related species are shaped by niche differentiation and conservatism, influencing their distribution and adaptation. This study investigates the phylogenetic, biogeographic, and ecological niche divergence between Apodemus mystacinus and Apodemus epimelas, closely related yet ecologically distinct species distributed across the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern regions. An integration of phylogenetic analysis, biogeographic mapping, population genetics, and ecological niche modeling was performed to elucidate their evolutionary history and current ecological preferences. Ecological niche modeling demonstrated a broader environmental tolerance for A. mystacinus compared to the more specialized A. epimelas. Niche overlap analyses revealed moderate geographic overlap but significant environmental niche differentiation, with identity tests rejecting the null hypothesis of niche equivalency. Partial Niche Transferability (PNT) indices (0.79–0.81) indicate shared environmental suitability, yet asymmetric niche occupation reflects species-specific adaptations. This study emphasizes the importance of considering both niche conservatism and divergence to understand species distributions and develop effective conservation strategies. The observed niche differentiation, despite phylogenetic proximity, underscores the complex interplay between evolutionary history, environmental adaptation, and biogeographic factors in shaping the ecological niches of these Apodemus species.
{"title":"Niche evolution: Drivers of Karstomys species’ ranges","authors":"Zeycan Helvacı","doi":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcz.2025.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ecological and evolutionary dynamics of closely related species are shaped by niche differentiation and conservatism, influencing their distribution and adaptation. This study investigates the phylogenetic, biogeographic, and ecological niche divergence between <em>Apodemus mystacinus</em> and <em>Apodemus epimelas</em>, closely related yet ecologically distinct species distributed across the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern regions. An integration of phylogenetic analysis, biogeographic mapping, population genetics, and ecological niche modeling was performed to elucidate their evolutionary history and current ecological preferences. Ecological niche modeling demonstrated a broader environmental tolerance for <em>A. mystacinus</em> compared to the more specialized <em>A. epimelas</em>. Niche overlap analyses revealed moderate geographic overlap but significant environmental niche differentiation, with identity tests rejecting the null hypothesis of niche equivalency. Partial Niche Transferability (PNT) indices (0.79–0.81) indicate shared environmental suitability, yet asymmetric niche occupation reflects species-specific adaptations. This study emphasizes the importance of considering both niche conservatism and divergence to understand species distributions and develop effective conservation strategies. The observed niche differentiation, despite phylogenetic proximity, underscores the complex interplay between evolutionary history, environmental adaptation, and biogeographic factors in shaping the ecological niches of these <em>Apodemus</em> species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49332,"journal":{"name":"Zoologischer Anzeiger","volume":"319 ","pages":"Pages 254-266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145320475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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