Pub Date : 2025-04-24DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf021
Michal Benovics, Andrea Šimková, Petr Papežík, Kristína Civáňová Křížová, Markéta Ondračková, Martin Zach, Mária Seifertová
Diplozoids are parasitic flatworms known for their unique development, whereby two hermaphroditic individuals fuse to form a single adult. They exhibit varying host specificity, with Paradiplozoon homoion having the widest known distribution, making it a suitable model for population genetic studies. In this study, the genetic variability of P. homoion was assessed from 60 cyprinoid fish species at 47 sites in the western Palaearctic using the mitochondrial COI gene. Moreover, novel sequence data of four ribosomal and one mitochondrial marker were used to understand phylogenetic relationships among diplozoids. A total of 29 unique COI haplotypes in six divergent haplogroups among P. homoion populations were identified. The COI fragment showed ≤8.8% intraspecific variability. The Caspian Sea Basin and Anatolio-Mediterranean region had the highest haplotype diversity, while the Danube Basin and western Europe populations had similar haplotypes. Phylogenetic analysis showed congruence between mitochondrial and ribosomal markers, except for Paradiplozoon koubkovae from Iran. The high intraspecific variability highlights the rapid mutation rate in mitochondrial DNA, important for future taxonomic studies. The spatial distribution of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes showed partial geographical structure, suggesting an east-to-west dispersal route for P. homoion into Europe. The presence of different haplotypes within a single individual suggests intraspecific hybridization.
{"title":"Novel molecular data for diplozoids reveal similar mitochondrial and ribosomal phylogenies, unexpected geographical structure, and intra-individual mito-nuclear incompatibilities","authors":"Michal Benovics, Andrea Šimková, Petr Papežík, Kristína Civáňová Křížová, Markéta Ondračková, Martin Zach, Mária Seifertová","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf021","url":null,"abstract":"Diplozoids are parasitic flatworms known for their unique development, whereby two hermaphroditic individuals fuse to form a single adult. They exhibit varying host specificity, with Paradiplozoon homoion having the widest known distribution, making it a suitable model for population genetic studies. In this study, the genetic variability of P. homoion was assessed from 60 cyprinoid fish species at 47 sites in the western Palaearctic using the mitochondrial COI gene. Moreover, novel sequence data of four ribosomal and one mitochondrial marker were used to understand phylogenetic relationships among diplozoids. A total of 29 unique COI haplotypes in six divergent haplogroups among P. homoion populations were identified. The COI fragment showed ≤8.8% intraspecific variability. The Caspian Sea Basin and Anatolio-Mediterranean region had the highest haplotype diversity, while the Danube Basin and western Europe populations had similar haplotypes. Phylogenetic analysis showed congruence between mitochondrial and ribosomal markers, except for Paradiplozoon koubkovae from Iran. The high intraspecific variability highlights the rapid mutation rate in mitochondrial DNA, important for future taxonomic studies. The spatial distribution of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes showed partial geographical structure, suggesting an east-to-west dispersal route for P. homoion into Europe. The presence of different haplotypes within a single individual suggests intraspecific hybridization.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-24DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf023
Fatah Zarei, Yonela Sithole, Ulrich Schliewen, Roger Bills, Albert Chakona
Glossogobius, a species-rich gobiid genus with 42 recognized species distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, lacks a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. The highest diversity of the genus occurs in the tropical West Pacific, highlighting this region as a centre of endemism. In contrast, the Indian Ocean has lower diversity (nine species). This study offers the first thorough description of Glossogobius diversity in the south-western Indian Ocean through integrative analyses. Our findings reveal nine lineages, five of which are newly identified, including a new species, Glossogobius hanisii sp. nov., described from southern Africa and Madagascar. Seven species/lineages, along with G. kokius from Mauritius and G. tenuiformis, are endemic to the south-western Indian Ocean. With 65% of Indian Ocean Glossogobius species/lineages being endemic to the south-western region, it is identified as a hotspot of endemism. The genetic structuring of these lineages along the east coast of southern Africa appears to be shaped by an interplay between life history, oceanographic conditions, and adaptations to marine biogeographic regions. Additionally, our findings highlight Madagascar’s central role in Glossogobius diversification and evolution of unique gobies, provide a framework for a comprehensive revision of Glossogobius in the region, and facilitate the identification of conservation units and the formulation of management measures.
{"title":"Integrative systematics of the taxonomically complex gobiid genus Glossogobius Gill, 1859 (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the south-western Indian Ocean, with a description of a new species","authors":"Fatah Zarei, Yonela Sithole, Ulrich Schliewen, Roger Bills, Albert Chakona","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf023","url":null,"abstract":"Glossogobius, a species-rich gobiid genus with 42 recognized species distributed in the Indo-West Pacific, lacks a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. The highest diversity of the genus occurs in the tropical West Pacific, highlighting this region as a centre of endemism. In contrast, the Indian Ocean has lower diversity (nine species). This study offers the first thorough description of Glossogobius diversity in the south-western Indian Ocean through integrative analyses. Our findings reveal nine lineages, five of which are newly identified, including a new species, Glossogobius hanisii sp. nov., described from southern Africa and Madagascar. Seven species/lineages, along with G. kokius from Mauritius and G. tenuiformis, are endemic to the south-western Indian Ocean. With 65% of Indian Ocean Glossogobius species/lineages being endemic to the south-western region, it is identified as a hotspot of endemism. The genetic structuring of these lineages along the east coast of southern Africa appears to be shaped by an interplay between life history, oceanographic conditions, and adaptations to marine biogeographic regions. Additionally, our findings highlight Madagascar’s central role in Glossogobius diversification and evolution of unique gobies, provide a framework for a comprehensive revision of Glossogobius in the region, and facilitate the identification of conservation units and the formulation of management measures.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-15DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf019
Jiali Wang, Masami Hayashi, Cong Wei
The taxonomically chaotic Asian genus Pomponia is one of the more species-rich genera in Cicadidae, with multiple species groups and species complexes. To help understand the evolution of Pomponia, establish a time frame, and define species, we studied morphology and conducted molecular phylogenetic and phylogeographical analyses of 394 individuals belonging to the Pomponia linearis species group and relatives using five or six genes, respectively. The most widely distributed species of Pomponia is confirmed to be P. linearis; Pomponia yayeyamanasyn. n. is recognized to be a junior synonym of P. linearis; Pomponia backanensissyn. n. is recognized to be a junior synonym of Pomponia subtilita; and six species are new to science. The phylogeny of Pomponia and related genera does not support the monophyly of Psithyristriini. The ancestor of the P. linearis species group is presumed to have originated from Hengduan Mountains and Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau at ~5.41 Mya and initially diversified during the Mid-Pliocene to Early Pleistocene. P. linearis comprises five subclades corresponding to geographically isolated populations. Dramatic Pleistocene climatic oscillations and niche vicariance were presumably the main drivers for the diversification of P. linearis and allies. This study improves understanding of the diversification, phylogeny, and dispersal history of cicadas in Eastern Asia.
{"title":"Phylogeny, biogeography, and diversification of the cicada Pomponia linearis and its allies (Hemiptera: Cicadidae)","authors":"Jiali Wang, Masami Hayashi, Cong Wei","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf019","url":null,"abstract":"The taxonomically chaotic Asian genus Pomponia is one of the more species-rich genera in Cicadidae, with multiple species groups and species complexes. To help understand the evolution of Pomponia, establish a time frame, and define species, we studied morphology and conducted molecular phylogenetic and phylogeographical analyses of 394 individuals belonging to the Pomponia linearis species group and relatives using five or six genes, respectively. The most widely distributed species of Pomponia is confirmed to be P. linearis; Pomponia yayeyamanasyn. n. is recognized to be a junior synonym of P. linearis; Pomponia backanensissyn. n. is recognized to be a junior synonym of Pomponia subtilita; and six species are new to science. The phylogeny of Pomponia and related genera does not support the monophyly of Psithyristriini. The ancestor of the P. linearis species group is presumed to have originated from Hengduan Mountains and Yunnan–Guizhou Plateau at ~5.41 Mya and initially diversified during the Mid-Pliocene to Early Pleistocene. P. linearis comprises five subclades corresponding to geographically isolated populations. Dramatic Pleistocene climatic oscillations and niche vicariance were presumably the main drivers for the diversification of P. linearis and allies. This study improves understanding of the diversification, phylogeny, and dispersal history of cicadas in Eastern Asia.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-15DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf013
Shan-Min Chen, Ace Kevin S Amarga, Reagan Joseph T Villanueva, Hui-Yun Tseng
The evolution of colouration and patterns is a captivating aspect of biological research shaped by multiple factors. Pachyrhynchus weevils, known for their unpalatable nature owing to their tough elytra, inhabit the tropical regions of the Philippines and display intricate elytral patterns that contribute significantly to species diversity. To investigate the evolution of patterns in Pachyrhynchus weevils, we used the ultraconserved elements method to construct a phylogeny encompassing 99 species and to assess pattern evolution. These weevils exhibit flexibility in pattern expression, with a trend towards pattern retention and diversification rather than pattern loss, as indicated by the analyses of evolutionary transition rates. Furthermore, using phylogenetic generalized linear regression, we found that patterns are associated with specific geographical regions, suggesting that convergent evolution of patterns occurs among weevils. Finally, our analysis revealed that speciation rates are not consistent with the rates of pattern diversification. These results highlight the complexity of pattern evolution and suggest that varying selection pressures in different areas, such as predation, combined with frequent transitions in patterns, might contribute to the evolution of these patterns, potentially leading to a rich diversity among these island-dwelling insects.
{"title":"Regional selection pressure and heterogeneous transitions shape diverse colour pattern in Pachyrhynchus weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)","authors":"Shan-Min Chen, Ace Kevin S Amarga, Reagan Joseph T Villanueva, Hui-Yun Tseng","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf013","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of colouration and patterns is a captivating aspect of biological research shaped by multiple factors. Pachyrhynchus weevils, known for their unpalatable nature owing to their tough elytra, inhabit the tropical regions of the Philippines and display intricate elytral patterns that contribute significantly to species diversity. To investigate the evolution of patterns in Pachyrhynchus weevils, we used the ultraconserved elements method to construct a phylogeny encompassing 99 species and to assess pattern evolution. These weevils exhibit flexibility in pattern expression, with a trend towards pattern retention and diversification rather than pattern loss, as indicated by the analyses of evolutionary transition rates. Furthermore, using phylogenetic generalized linear regression, we found that patterns are associated with specific geographical regions, suggesting that convergent evolution of patterns occurs among weevils. Finally, our analysis revealed that speciation rates are not consistent with the rates of pattern diversification. These results highlight the complexity of pattern evolution and suggest that varying selection pressures in different areas, such as predation, combined with frequent transitions in patterns, might contribute to the evolution of these patterns, potentially leading to a rich diversity among these island-dwelling insects.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143832512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-08DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf009
Fabrizio Freda, Marco A Bologna, Paolo Fontana, Alessandra Riccieri
Italy hosts 27 species of Dermaptera, five belonging to Forficula, which were never thoroughly investigated. We integrated morphological (morphometric measurements) and molecular data (mitochondrial COI, 16S and nuclear 28S, ITS2) to revise the Italian species, focusing on the endemic taxa, and on the diversity within F. auricularia to reveal the presence of cryptic species. Our data were integrated with those available for other West Mediterranean Forficula. Our results confirmed the taxonomic status of the endemic F. apennina and F. silana, that belong to different lineages but share some morphological traits. The endemic Pseudochelidura orsinii and P.galvagnii resulted nested within Forficula, and a new taxonomic arrangement is proposed (Forficula orsinii: resurrected combination and Forficula galvagnii: new combination). Molecular data revealed the presence in Pantelleria and Sardinia of F. mediterranea, cryptic with F.auricularia and reported only from Spain and Morocco. Morphometric data showed a distinction between West Mediterranean and Italian specimens of F. mediterranea, indicating a divergent selection within this species. This study provides new insights for the Italian Forficulidae, highlighting the importance of combining different approaches in the study of species diversity for their conservation. Indeed, F.apennina and F. galvagnii are high altitude species which seem to be affected by global warming so much to raise fears for their conservation.
{"title":"Integrating morphology and molecular data to explore taxonomy, evolutionary history, and conservation of Italian endemic Forficulidae (Dermaptera)","authors":"Fabrizio Freda, Marco A Bologna, Paolo Fontana, Alessandra Riccieri","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf009","url":null,"abstract":"Italy hosts 27 species of Dermaptera, five belonging to Forficula, which were never thoroughly investigated. We integrated morphological (morphometric measurements) and molecular data (mitochondrial COI, 16S and nuclear 28S, ITS2) to revise the Italian species, focusing on the endemic taxa, and on the diversity within F. auricularia to reveal the presence of cryptic species. Our data were integrated with those available for other West Mediterranean Forficula. Our results confirmed the taxonomic status of the endemic F. apennina and F. silana, that belong to different lineages but share some morphological traits. The endemic Pseudochelidura orsinii and P.galvagnii resulted nested within Forficula, and a new taxonomic arrangement is proposed (Forficula orsinii: resurrected combination and Forficula galvagnii: new combination). Molecular data revealed the presence in Pantelleria and Sardinia of F. mediterranea, cryptic with F.auricularia and reported only from Spain and Morocco. Morphometric data showed a distinction between West Mediterranean and Italian specimens of F. mediterranea, indicating a divergent selection within this species. This study provides new insights for the Italian Forficulidae, highlighting the importance of combining different approaches in the study of species diversity for their conservation. Indeed, F.apennina and F. galvagnii are high altitude species which seem to be affected by global warming so much to raise fears for their conservation.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143805780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-01DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf014
Mariana B J Picasso, Laura M Biondi, Maria C Mosto, Guillermo H Cassini, Alejandro M Tudisca
In Strigiformes, which comprise the Tytonidae and Strigidae families, hindlimbs play a crucial role in prey capture. Yet, their bone proportions remain understudied despite the established link between avian hindlimb skeletal morphology and ecological traits. We examined the proportions of the femur, tibiotarsus, and tarsometatarsus in 18 owl species, investigating their associations with prey preferences, body mass, and phylogenetic signals. Our results indicate that owls generally have a short femur and tarsometatarsus, and a relatively long tibiotarsus, all exhibiting isometric scaling relative to body mass. Although evolutionary inheritance influences bone proportions, ecological influences become apparent when the three bones are considered together, highlighting adaptations associated with dietary demands. For instance, the long tarsometatarsus in barn owls facilitates swift movement in dense environments, aiding in the capture of small rodents; whereas in burrowing owls, it enhances terrestrial locomotion. The remaining species exhibited a relatively short tarsometatarsus, which enhances strength and responds to various biological demands, enabling the capture of different prey types and sizes, or improving stability during perching. Our findings suggest that Tytonidae and Strigidae diverged in dietary preferences early in their evolution, with Tytonidae specializing on small rodents and Strigidae evolving from insectivory to more generalized or mammals-based diets.
{"title":"Diversity in owls’ (Strigiformes) hindlimbs: evolutionary and ecological influences on hindlimb bone proportions and their relation to prey preferences","authors":"Mariana B J Picasso, Laura M Biondi, Maria C Mosto, Guillermo H Cassini, Alejandro M Tudisca","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf014","url":null,"abstract":"In Strigiformes, which comprise the Tytonidae and Strigidae families, hindlimbs play a crucial role in prey capture. Yet, their bone proportions remain understudied despite the established link between avian hindlimb skeletal morphology and ecological traits. We examined the proportions of the femur, tibiotarsus, and tarsometatarsus in 18 owl species, investigating their associations with prey preferences, body mass, and phylogenetic signals. Our results indicate that owls generally have a short femur and tarsometatarsus, and a relatively long tibiotarsus, all exhibiting isometric scaling relative to body mass. Although evolutionary inheritance influences bone proportions, ecological influences become apparent when the three bones are considered together, highlighting adaptations associated with dietary demands. For instance, the long tarsometatarsus in barn owls facilitates swift movement in dense environments, aiding in the capture of small rodents; whereas in burrowing owls, it enhances terrestrial locomotion. The remaining species exhibited a relatively short tarsometatarsus, which enhances strength and responds to various biological demands, enabling the capture of different prey types and sizes, or improving stability during perching. Our findings suggest that Tytonidae and Strigidae diverged in dietary preferences early in their evolution, with Tytonidae specializing on small rodents and Strigidae evolving from insectivory to more generalized or mammals-based diets.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143745134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-30DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf012
Pablo Pessacq, Danielle Anjos-Santos, Adolfo Cordero-Rivera, M Olalla Lorenzo-Carballa
Several comprehensive studies have greatly contributed to the clarification of Odonata phylogeny, paying special attention to the damselflies (Zygoptera). Nearly half of the species of Zygoptera are included in the family Coenagrionidae, but the status of some previously recognized families is still debated. Here, we present the results of phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear and mitochondrial sequences and morphological data of 10 of the 15 Neotropical genera formerly included within the Neotropical family Protoneuridae, with the goal to test their monophyly and phylogenetic position within the Coenagrionidae sensu lato. Our analyses support the polyphyly of Protoneuridae, with Proneura prolongata and Junix elumbis falling within the ‘core’ Coenagrionidae, whereas the remaining Neotropical Protoneuridae included in our analyses form a monophyletic clade, sister to the ridged frons Coenagrionidae. Our results differ from previous analyses that suggested that the Protoneuridae were members of the ridged frons Coenagrionidae clade, most likely because our dataset has a wider coverage of the group, both in terms of taxa and data sources. We propose the redefinition of the Protoneuridae (excluding Proneura, Junix, and all the previously included Old-World genera) and its re-establishment as a redefined Protoneuridae family, which is characterized by several morphological and biological unique attributes.
{"title":"A reappraisal of the family status of Neotropical Protoneuridae (Odonata: Zygoptera) using morphological and molecular information","authors":"Pablo Pessacq, Danielle Anjos-Santos, Adolfo Cordero-Rivera, M Olalla Lorenzo-Carballa","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf012","url":null,"abstract":"Several comprehensive studies have greatly contributed to the clarification of Odonata phylogeny, paying special attention to the damselflies (Zygoptera). Nearly half of the species of Zygoptera are included in the family Coenagrionidae, but the status of some previously recognized families is still debated. Here, we present the results of phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear and mitochondrial sequences and morphological data of 10 of the 15 Neotropical genera formerly included within the Neotropical family Protoneuridae, with the goal to test their monophyly and phylogenetic position within the Coenagrionidae sensu lato. Our analyses support the polyphyly of Protoneuridae, with Proneura prolongata and Junix elumbis falling within the ‘core’ Coenagrionidae, whereas the remaining Neotropical Protoneuridae included in our analyses form a monophyletic clade, sister to the ridged frons Coenagrionidae. Our results differ from previous analyses that suggested that the Protoneuridae were members of the ridged frons Coenagrionidae clade, most likely because our dataset has a wider coverage of the group, both in terms of taxa and data sources. We propose the redefinition of the Protoneuridae (excluding Proneura, Junix, and all the previously included Old-World genera) and its re-establishment as a redefined Protoneuridae family, which is characterized by several morphological and biological unique attributes.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143736828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-30DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf022
George Sangster
In biological taxonomy, eponyms have become controversial, mostly because some believe that eponyms represent social injustice and include biases against women and people in non-western countries. Unfortunately, there are very few comprehensive quantitative studies of eponyms to inform this debate. In a data set of 28 395 names of valid bird genera, species and (non-nominate) subspecies, 6135 (21.6%) eponyms were identified. The proportion of eponyms has increased since the mid-20th century and was 43% in 2010–2022. Most honourees were scientists (71.5%), and this has been the case since the early 19th century. The proportion of scientists has increased significantly since 1900, whereas the proportion of facilitators of science (a group that includes collectors, sponsors, and artists) has declined significantly during the same period. Overall, there were strong biases towards males (93%) and people in western countries (93%). However, since 1900 the proportions of female and non-western honorifics have increased significantly, and in 2010–2022 these proportions were 17% and 30%, respectively. These trends are encouraging, because a large portion of (non-avian) biodiversity remains to be described. Therefore, there will be plenty of opportunities to compensate for past biases in groups other than birds.
{"title":"Eponyms of birds mostly honour scientists and show positive inclusivity trends","authors":"George Sangster","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf022","url":null,"abstract":"In biological taxonomy, eponyms have become controversial, mostly because some believe that eponyms represent social injustice and include biases against women and people in non-western countries. Unfortunately, there are very few comprehensive quantitative studies of eponyms to inform this debate. In a data set of 28 395 names of valid bird genera, species and (non-nominate) subspecies, 6135 (21.6%) eponyms were identified. The proportion of eponyms has increased since the mid-20th century and was 43% in 2010–2022. Most honourees were scientists (71.5%), and this has been the case since the early 19th century. The proportion of scientists has increased significantly since 1900, whereas the proportion of facilitators of science (a group that includes collectors, sponsors, and artists) has declined significantly during the same period. Overall, there were strong biases towards males (93%) and people in western countries (93%). However, since 1900 the proportions of female and non-western honorifics have increased significantly, and in 2010–2022 these proportions were 17% and 30%, respectively. These trends are encouraging, because a large portion of (non-avian) biodiversity remains to be described. Therefore, there will be plenty of opportunities to compensate for past biases in groups other than birds.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143736829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-30DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf006
E A Miranda, C B Machado, M A Del Lama
The stingless bees of the genus Partamona comprise 32 recognized species, all endemic to the Neotropical region, ranging from Mexico to southern Brazil. This study is the first to examine species delimitation, phylogenetic relationships, and divergence-time estimates within the Partamona Eastern group. Of the 21 species in this group, 19 were included in our analysis. Utilizing both mitochondrial and nuclear markers, a multispecies coalescence model identified 19 molecular operational taxonomic units, 13 of which correspond perfectly to the nominal species as initially defined. We find that the Partamona Eastern group is monophyletic and consists of three distinct clades, with relationships among species differing significantly from previous classifications. Divergence-time estimates suggest that the Eastern group originated in the Pliocene, with substantial diversification occurring during the Pleistocene, potentially influenced by shifts in rainforest and dry forest distributions and riverine barriers in the Amazon region. We propose three major dispersal events across biomes. Given these findings, a comprehensive review of the genus, particularly the Eastern clade, is necessary to reassess the current classification using an integrative approach.
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Pub Date : 2025-03-05DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf002
Daniel F Marchán, Alberto Piris, Natasha Tilikj, Alejandro Martínez Navarro, Ambre Mautuit, Davorka Hackenberger Kutuzovic, Thibaud Decaëns, Marta Novo, Csaba Csuzdi
Cryptic lineages require identification and delimitation to guide their conservation and management. In the absence of type material that can be genotyped, designating a neotype becomes necessary: such is the case for Aporrectodea trapezoides and Octodrilus complanatus. These widely distributed earthworms are very common in Mediterranean habitats and harbour cryptic lineages. Specimens from the type locality (Jardin des Plantes, Montpellier) were genotyped to be included in species delimitation, phylogeographical, and phylogenetic analyses together with additional sequences from Mediterranean populations and close relatives. The Octodrilus complanatus neotype belonged to a clade inhabiting Spain, France, and Italy, with a putative origin in central Italy; two other species-level clades were restricted to northeastern Italy, Slovenia, and Croatia. The Aporrectodea trapezoides neotype clustered with a peregrine, Iberian, and Maghrebian specimens, together forming Aporrectodea trapezoides s.s. More restricted and accurate descriptions based on the neotypes and closely related specimens pointed out to the Eurosiberian lineage of Aporrectodea trapezoides s.l. corresponding to Aporrectodea borelii and provided a basis for the potential description of Octodrilus complanatus s.l. lineages. On top of the taxonomic advances, this work detected differences in their phylogeographical patterns (potentially connected to historical human dispersal) and provided an opportunity for more accurate ecological niche modelling.
隐种谱系需要鉴定和划分，以指导其保护和管理。在没有可以进行基因分型的类型材料的情况下，指定一个新类型就变得必要了：例如梯形无角鲸和面八角鲸。这些广泛分布的蚯蚓在地中海栖息地非常常见，并拥有隐藏的血统。来自模式地点（Jardin des Plantes, Montpellier）的标本进行基因分型，并与来自地中海种群及其近亲的额外序列一起用于物种划分、系统地理和系统发育分析。新型平八爪龙属于生活在西班牙、法国和意大利的一个分支，据推测起源于意大利中部；另外两个物种级别的分支仅限于意大利东北部、斯洛文尼亚和克罗地亚。该新型与一个远游、伊比利亚和马格里布标本聚集在一起，形成了一个更有限制和准确的描述。基于新型和密切相关的标本，指出了与北方准直齿兽相对应的欧洲西伯利亚准直齿兽谱系，并为拟平八角龙谱系的潜在描述提供了基础。在分类学的进步之上，这项工作发现了它们的系统地理模式的差异（可能与历史上的人类分散有关），并为更准确的生态位建模提供了机会。
{"title":"Mediterranean conquerors: neotypification and phylogeography of the widely distributed earthworms Aporrectodea trapezoides and Octodrilus complanatus (Lumbricidae: Crassiclitellata)","authors":"Daniel F Marchán, Alberto Piris, Natasha Tilikj, Alejandro Martínez Navarro, Ambre Mautuit, Davorka Hackenberger Kutuzovic, Thibaud Decaëns, Marta Novo, Csaba Csuzdi","doi":"10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf002","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptic lineages require identification and delimitation to guide their conservation and management. In the absence of type material that can be genotyped, designating a neotype becomes necessary: such is the case for Aporrectodea trapezoides and Octodrilus complanatus. These widely distributed earthworms are very common in Mediterranean habitats and harbour cryptic lineages. Specimens from the type locality (Jardin des Plantes, Montpellier) were genotyped to be included in species delimitation, phylogeographical, and phylogenetic analyses together with additional sequences from Mediterranean populations and close relatives. The Octodrilus complanatus neotype belonged to a clade inhabiting Spain, France, and Italy, with a putative origin in central Italy; two other species-level clades were restricted to northeastern Italy, Slovenia, and Croatia. The Aporrectodea trapezoides neotype clustered with a peregrine, Iberian, and Maghrebian specimens, together forming Aporrectodea trapezoides s.s. More restricted and accurate descriptions based on the neotypes and closely related specimens pointed out to the Eurosiberian lineage of Aporrectodea trapezoides s.l. corresponding to Aporrectodea borelii and provided a basis for the potential description of Octodrilus complanatus s.l. lineages. On top of the taxonomic advances, this work detected differences in their phylogeographical patterns (potentially connected to historical human dispersal) and provided an opportunity for more accurate ecological niche modelling.","PeriodicalId":49333,"journal":{"name":"Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143546454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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