Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.1134/s0097807823700616
P. A. Ryazantsev, S. A. Kutenkov, N. V. Krutskikh, A. V. Kabonen
Abstract
New approaches to studying and monitoring of on palsa mires the Kola Peninsula are considered. Because of the observed signs of permafrost degradation in frost heave mounds (palsa), such objects can serve as markers of significant climate anomalies and shifts taking place in the Arctic zone. The analysis of the occurrence of palsa mires on the Kola Peninsula showed the existence of four separate morphometric and climatic clusters. The obtained results demonstrated the potential of a set of methods for determining the dynamics of permafrost in the palsa and for monitoring the related transformation of the mire ecosystem.
{"title":"Dynamics of Palsa Mires of the Kola Peninsula as a Marker of Climate Change in the Arctic","authors":"P. A. Ryazantsev, S. A. Kutenkov, N. V. Krutskikh, A. V. Kabonen","doi":"10.1134/s0097807823700616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0097807823700616","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>New approaches to studying and monitoring of on palsa mires the Kola Peninsula are considered. Because of the observed signs of permafrost degradation in frost heave mounds (palsa), such objects can serve as markers of significant climate anomalies and shifts taking place in the Arctic zone. The analysis of the occurrence of palsa mires on the Kola Peninsula showed the existence of four separate morphometric and climatic clusters. The obtained results demonstrated the potential of a set of methods for determining the dynamics of permafrost in the palsa and for monitoring the related transformation of the mire ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":49368,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140125777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.1134/s0097807823700586
I. A. Platonov, M. N. Grigoriev
Abstract
The study of distribution and cryogenic structure of the Ice Complex is necessary for identification of its genesis. The intermediate results of the Ice Complex exposures surveys in the Lena Delta area are presented. In the Kurungnakh–Sise Island exposure it occurs on peaty sandy loam and is 15 m thick. In the Mamontovy–Khayata and the Muostakh Island exposures its bottom goes under the sea level. In the Lena Delta, the Ice Complex forms the remnants of the third terrace. The Bykovsky peninsula and Muostakh are completely formed by its sediments. The Ice Complex is also found to the southeast of the town of Tiksi.
{"title":"Distribution and Structure of the Ice Complex of the Lena Delta Area","authors":"I. A. Platonov, M. N. Grigoriev","doi":"10.1134/s0097807823700586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0097807823700586","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The study of distribution and cryogenic structure of the Ice Complex is necessary for identification of its genesis. The intermediate results of the Ice Complex exposures surveys in the Lena Delta area are presented. In the Kurungnakh–Sise Island exposure it occurs on peaty sandy loam and is 15 m thick. In the Mamontovy–Khayata and the Muostakh Island exposures its bottom goes under the sea level. In the Lena Delta, the Ice Complex forms the remnants of the third terrace. The Bykovsky peninsula and Muostakh are completely formed by its sediments. The Ice Complex is also found to the southeast of the town of Tiksi.</p>","PeriodicalId":49368,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140125866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.1134/s0097807823700562
E. Yu. Yakovlev, A. S. Druzhnina, I. V. Tokarev, S. V. Druzhinin, N. L. Ivanchenko
Abstrtact
Groundwater quality was evaluated in Leningrad oblast and Southern Karelia in terms of their physicochemical characteristics and heavy metal concentrations. Estimates of groundwater quality indices revealed pollution levels from moderate to severe, high and extremely high groundwater toxicity in some regions, high risks of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects. It was found that the largest effect on the quality of the examined groundwater is due to the concentrations of Fe, Mn, Ba, Zn, Ni, and Cd.
{"title":"Heavy Metal Concentrations and Groundwater Quality Assessment in the Territory of Leningrad Oblast and Southern Republic of Karelia","authors":"E. Yu. Yakovlev, A. S. Druzhnina, I. V. Tokarev, S. V. Druzhinin, N. L. Ivanchenko","doi":"10.1134/s0097807823700562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0097807823700562","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstrtact</h3><p>Groundwater quality was evaluated in Leningrad oblast and Southern Karelia in terms of their physicochemical characteristics and heavy metal concentrations. Estimates of groundwater quality indices revealed pollution levels from moderate to severe, high and extremely high groundwater toxicity in some regions, high risks of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects. It was found that the largest effect on the quality of the examined groundwater is due to the concentrations of Fe, Mn, Ba, Zn, Ni, and Cd.</p>","PeriodicalId":49368,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140129945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.1134/s0097807823602236
S. V. Bykova, M. V. Umanskaya, N. G. Tarasova, O. V. Mukhortova, M. Yu. Gorbunov, E. S. Krasnova
Abstract
A comparative characteristic of the structure of planktonic community is given for different parts of a lowland reservoir (the Kuibyshev Reservoir, the Volga River). The level of the effect of plankton (and seston as a whole) of tributaries on the plankton and seston of the reservoir is shown, depending on their location in different morphometric (hydrological) zones and the discharge regime of water masses through the nearby dams. The contribution of the inflow in the upper part of the reservoir to the total carbon concentration in the receiving water body is higher (81 and 61% of the total organic carbon of plankton on weekends and weekdays, respectively) than in the lower part of the reservoir (4.4 and 1.5%). The effect of HPP operation on the variation amplitude of the total biomass of planktonic community and its structure in the near-dam part of the reservoir (the upper Pool of the dam) is evaluated. In the period of a decrease of water discharge and, accordingly, lower flow velocity, the total plankton biomass was maximal on weekends with a parallel increase in the proportion of cyanobacteria in its structure.
{"title":"The Effect of Hydrological Conditions in Different Parts of a Large Lowland Reservoir on the Structure of Plankton and Seston as a Whole","authors":"S. V. Bykova, M. V. Umanskaya, N. G. Tarasova, O. V. Mukhortova, M. Yu. Gorbunov, E. S. Krasnova","doi":"10.1134/s0097807823602236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0097807823602236","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A comparative characteristic of the structure of planktonic community is given for different parts of a lowland reservoir (the Kuibyshev Reservoir, the Volga River). The level of the effect of plankton (and seston as a whole) of tributaries on the plankton and seston of the reservoir is shown, depending on their location in different morphometric (hydrological) zones and the discharge regime of water masses through the nearby dams. The contribution of the inflow in the upper part of the reservoir to the total carbon concentration in the receiving water body is higher (81 and 61% of the total organic carbon of plankton on weekends and weekdays, respectively) than in the lower part of the reservoir (4.4 and 1.5%). The effect of HPP operation on the variation amplitude of the total biomass of planktonic community and its structure in the near-dam part of the reservoir (the upper Pool of the dam) is evaluated. In the period of a decrease of water discharge and, accordingly, lower flow velocity, the total plankton biomass was maximal on weekends with a parallel increase in the proportion of cyanobacteria in its structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":49368,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140885019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.1134/s0097807823602182
E. V. Borodina
Abstract
Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the concentrations of 54 elements in water of small rivers and lakes, meltwater of a glacier and snowfields, as well as 49 elements in bottom silts in the Akkem River basin. Physicochemical characteristics of water objects were studied. The chemistry of natural water and bottom silts reflects the metallogenic features of the composition of underlying ore-bearing rocks. Despite the presence of natural sources of heavy metals in the upper reaches of the Akkem River and its tributaries, the concentrations of toxic substances in the majority of the examined water objects do not exceed the values of MAC for drinking water.
摘要采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定了小河流和湖泊的水、冰川融水和雪原中 54 种元素的浓度，以及 Akkem 河流域底层淤泥中 49 种元素的浓度。对水体的物理化学特征进行了研究。天然水和底层淤泥的化学成分反映了底层含矿岩石成分的成矿特征。尽管阿克坎河上游及其支流中存在重金属的天然来源，但大部分受检水体中有毒物质的浓度并未超过饮用水的 MAC 值。
{"title":"Geoecological and Hydrochemical Features of the Akkem River Basin (Mountain Altai)","authors":"E. V. Borodina","doi":"10.1134/s0097807823602182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0097807823602182","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the concentrations of 54 elements in water of small rivers and lakes, meltwater of a glacier and snowfields, as well as 49 elements in bottom silts in the Akkem River basin. Physicochemical characteristics of water objects were studied. The chemistry of natural water and bottom silts reflects the metallogenic features of the composition of underlying ore-bearing rocks. Despite the presence of natural sources of heavy metals in the upper reaches of the Akkem River and its tributaries, the concentrations of toxic substances in the majority of the examined water objects do not exceed the values of MAC for drinking water<i>.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":49368,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140035693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.1134/s0097807823700239
I. P. Blokov, E. A. Vasil’eva
Abstract
The oil-product pollution of the outlet section of the Kamchatka R. rapidly increased in 2001–2002. Within nine years out of ten in the period from 1992 to 2001, oil products were not found there; however, since 2003, their annual mass transported every year rose above 2.5 thousand t. Therefore, the authors analyzed the available integral data on this river pollution and launched a screening study of the pollution of its tributaries. The obtained results confirmed the assumption regarding an abrupt growth: the pollution in 1992–2001 was many times less than that in 2002–2021. The transport through the outlet section increased from <1500 to 6400 t/year (the mean value). This pollution is supported by the major portion of tributaries in a considerable segment of the river. Field studies suggest a conclusion that the total input of oil products into the Kamchatka R. can reach 30–40 thousand t per year. A study of the effect of a plugged exploration well shows that it is a source of oil pollution. The number of permits issued over 28 years for exploratory drilling in one of the areas, a significant part of which is located in the Kamchatka River basin, reliably correlates with the mass of oil products transported through the outlet section. Therefore, the inflow of oil into water from exploration wells may be among the main causes or the main cause of the jump-like growth of pollution. Such results were obtained using several integral approaches, including an effective one—establishing a relationship between the natural and administrative characteristics. In order to reduce the pollution of one of the largest spawning rivers in Russia, it is necessary to continue studying, to carry out mapping its main sources, and subsequently eliminate them.
{"title":"Oil-Product Pollution of the Kamchatka River","authors":"I. P. Blokov, E. A. Vasil’eva","doi":"10.1134/s0097807823700239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0097807823700239","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The oil-product pollution of the outlet section of the Kamchatka R. rapidly increased in 2001–2002. Within nine years out of ten in the period from 1992 to 2001, oil products were not found there; however, since 2003, their annual mass transported every year rose above 2.5 thousand t. Therefore, the authors analyzed the available integral data on this river pollution and launched a screening study of the pollution of its tributaries. The obtained results confirmed the assumption regarding an abrupt growth: the pollution in 1992–2001 was many times less than that in 2002–2021. The transport through the outlet section increased from <1500 to 6400 t/year (the mean value). This pollution is supported by the major portion of tributaries in a considerable segment of the river. Field studies suggest a conclusion that the total input of oil products into the Kamchatka R. can reach 30–40 thousand t per year. A study of the effect of a plugged exploration well shows that it is a source of oil pollution. The number of permits issued over 28 years for exploratory drilling in one of the areas, a significant part of which is located in the Kamchatka River basin, reliably correlates with the mass of oil products transported through the outlet section. Therefore, the inflow of oil into water from exploration wells may be among the main causes or the main cause of the jump-like growth of pollution. Such results were obtained using several integral approaches, including an effective one—establishing a relationship between the natural and administrative characteristics. In order to reduce the pollution of one of the largest spawning rivers in Russia, it is necessary to continue studying, to carry out mapping its main sources, and subsequently eliminate them.</p>","PeriodicalId":49368,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140885278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.1134/s0097807823602157
R. A. Lozhkina, D. G. Seleznev, I. I. Tomilina, M. V. Gapeeva
Abstract
The effect of the concentration and toxicity of chemical elements in the surface water of the Volga reservoirs on the results of bioassays with the use of cladoceran Ceriodaphnia affinis Lilljeborg has been studied. Multidimensional statistical analysis has shown a direct dependence of the death rate characteristics of crustaceans on heavy metal concentrations, while the fertility characteristics do not depend on it. The examined elements that have strongest effect on surface water toxicity are Sr, As, and Li; Mo, Sb, and V have a considerable effect; and the effect of Ni, Sc, U, and W is less significant. The mean concentrations of Sr and Mo in the toxic group, evaluated by the results of analysis, were found to be close to their maximal permissible concentrations according to Russian standards; such concentrations for Li and As are an order of magnitude less.
{"title":"Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Assessing Surface Water Toxicity in the Volga Reservoirs (Based on the Results of Bioassay and Chemical Analysis)","authors":"R. A. Lozhkina, D. G. Seleznev, I. I. Tomilina, M. V. Gapeeva","doi":"10.1134/s0097807823602157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0097807823602157","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The effect of the concentration and toxicity of chemical elements in the surface water of the Volga reservoirs on the results of bioassays with the use of cladoceran Ceriodaphnia affinis Lilljeborg has been studied. Multidimensional statistical analysis has shown a direct dependence of the death rate characteristics of crustaceans on heavy metal concentrations, while the fertility characteristics do not depend on it. The examined elements that have strongest effect on surface water toxicity are Sr, As, and Li; Mo, Sb, and V have a considerable effect; and the effect of Ni, Sc, U, and W is less significant. The mean concentrations of Sr and Mo in the toxic group, evaluated by the results of analysis, were found to be close to their maximal permissible concentrations according to Russian standards; such concentrations for Li and As are an order of magnitude less.</p>","PeriodicalId":49368,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140035623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.1134/s0097807823601048
Ambadas D. Kulkarni, Ganesh D. Kale
Abstract
The Panchganga River Basin is vulnerable to flooding. The flood occurred in the year 2019 was one amongst the worst floods in the known history of the river basin. The accurate estimation of water level from flood model plays a major role in flood assessment. Various software packages are available for developing flood models. Selecting suitable software package is difficult task. So, the objective of present study is to test the performance of 1D hydraulic models for the Panchganga River Reach (PRR) in Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India. These hydraulic models are prepared by using Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System software and MIKE HYDRO River software. These models are developed for the PRR situated between the Prayag Chikhali and Nursingwadi gauging stations. The developed models are calibrated and validated by using peak discharge events and flood events. The results revealed acceptable water level simulations made by both models. It is concluded from the study that both the developed models can be utilized by the concerned river management authority to understand water level fluctuations, which is needed for countering flood disaster.
摘要 潘奇冈加河流域易受洪水侵袭。2019 年发生的洪水是该流域已知历史上最严重的洪水之一。洪水模型对水位的准确估算在洪水评估中发挥着重要作用。有多种软件包可用于开发洪水模型。选择合适的软件包是一项艰巨的任务。因此，本研究的目的是测试印度马哈拉施特拉邦科尔哈布尔的 Panchganga River Reach (PRR) 一维水力模型的性能。这些水力模型是使用水文工程中心的河流分析系统软件和 MIKE HYDRO 河流软件制作的。这些模型是针对位于 Prayag Chikhali 和 Nursingwadi 测量站之间的 PRR 而开发的。利用峰值排水事件和洪水事件对所开发的模型进行了校准和验证。结果显示，两个模型模拟的水位都可以接受。研究得出的结论是，有关河流管理机构可以利用这两种开发的模型来了解水位波动情况，这是应对洪水灾害所必需的。
{"title":"Comparative Study of 1D Hydraulic Models Simulation Performed for the Panchganga River Reach by Using HEC-RAS and MIKE HYDRO River Software","authors":"Ambadas D. Kulkarni, Ganesh D. Kale","doi":"10.1134/s0097807823601048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0097807823601048","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The Panchganga River Basin is vulnerable to flooding. The flood occurred in the year 2019 was one amongst the worst floods in the known history of the river basin. The accurate estimation of water level from flood model plays a major role in flood assessment. Various software packages are available for developing flood models. Selecting suitable software package is difficult task. So, the objective of present study is to test the performance of 1D hydraulic models for the Panchganga River Reach (PRR) in Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India. These hydraulic models are prepared by using Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System software and MIKE HYDRO River software. These models are developed for the PRR situated between the Prayag Chikhali and Nursingwadi gauging stations. The developed models are calibrated and validated by using peak discharge events and flood events. The results revealed acceptable water level simulations made by both models. It is concluded from the study that both the developed models can be utilized by the concerned river management authority to understand water level fluctuations, which is needed for countering flood disaster.</p>","PeriodicalId":49368,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140884936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.1134/s0097807823602285
E. V. Oganesova, T. A. Samoilova, E. S. Dmitrieva, L. A. Dukhova, V. V. Trofimova, S. Yu. Kladiti
Abstract
Bioassay method was used to study the toxicity of natural water, sampled in the Moskva R. at sites with different level of anthropogenic impact in all hydrological seasons of the year. The effect of natural water chemistry on the sensitivity to a model toxicant (potassium dichromate) was evaluated for three laboratory test objects—unicellular algae Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turh.) Breb., crustaceans Daphnia magna Straus, and fish Poecilia reticulata Peters. The sensitivity of test objects was assessed by the values of median lethal (for daphnia and fish) and median effective (for algae) concentrations of the model toxicant, obtained with the use of the water samples as media for the preparation of test solutions of the toxicant. It was shown that, under the conditions of complex anthropogenic pollution, including an increase in TDS, the sensitivity of Daphnia magna and Poecilia reticulata to the standard toxicant was generally within the standard range for each test object, while in the case of Scenedesmus quadricauda, almost all obtained values of median effective concentrations were above the standard range (the sensitivity was lower). Statistically significant correlation was found between the median lethal concentration for Daphnia magna and a complex of interrelated hydrochemical characteristics, including TDS. The observed differences in the changes in the sensitivity of test-objects are presumably due to changes in water hardness. It is noted that the decrease in test object sensitivity under the effect of changes in water ionic composition can lead to overestimation of the maximal permissible concentrations, which are established with the use of natural water for water bodies, taking into account their natural features. The obtained results can be used in the formation of methodological approaches to regional standardization.
{"title":"Sensitivity of Laboratory Test Organisms to Potassium Dichromate in Natural Water of the Moskva River","authors":"E. V. Oganesova, T. A. Samoilova, E. S. Dmitrieva, L. A. Dukhova, V. V. Trofimova, S. Yu. Kladiti","doi":"10.1134/s0097807823602285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0097807823602285","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Bioassay method was used to study the toxicity of natural water, sampled in the Moskva R. at sites with different level of anthropogenic impact in all hydrological seasons of the year. The effect of natural water chemistry on the sensitivity to a model toxicant (potassium dichromate) was evaluated for three laboratory test objects—unicellular algae Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turh.) Breb., crustaceans Daphnia magna Straus, and fish Poecilia reticulata Peters. The sensitivity of test objects was assessed by the values of median lethal (for daphnia and fish) and median effective (for algae) concentrations of the model toxicant, obtained with the use of the water samples as media for the preparation of test solutions of the toxicant. It was shown that, under the conditions of complex anthropogenic pollution, including an increase in TDS, the sensitivity of Daphnia magna and Poecilia reticulata to the standard toxicant was generally within the standard range for each test object, while in the case of Scenedesmus quadricauda, almost all obtained values of median effective concentrations were above the standard range (the sensitivity was lower). Statistically significant correlation was found between the median lethal concentration for Daphnia magna and a complex of interrelated hydrochemical characteristics, including TDS. The observed differences in the changes in the sensitivity of test-objects are presumably due to changes in water hardness. It is noted that the decrease in test object sensitivity under the effect of changes in water ionic composition can lead to overestimation of the maximal permissible concentrations, which are established with the use of natural water for water bodies, taking into account their natural features. The obtained results can be used in the formation of methodological approaches to regional standardization.</p>","PeriodicalId":49368,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140889892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.1134/s0097807823700240
Yu. S. Glyaznetsova, I. A. Nemirovskaya
Abstract
One year after an emergency spill of diesel fuel in Norilsk, hydrocarbon concentrations in bottom sediments of the Norilo-Pyasinskaya Water System decreased, but, on the average over the regions, they decreased in the surface layer in the same order as in 2020: Ambarnaya River mouth (835 µg/g, σ = 1788) > Bezymyannyi Creek—Daldykan River—Ambarnaya River (306 µg/g, σ = 273) > Pyasina River (23 µg/g, σ = 20) > Pyasino Lake (12 µg/g, σ = 8). The decrease in the concentrations was due to the degradation of low-molecular hydrocarbons. The concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in 2021 also varied within a narrower interval (0–1027 ng/g) than in 2020 (0–3865 ng/g). The oil origin of the hydrocarbons in the sediments of the Bezymyannyi Creek and the rivers of Daldykan and Ambarnaya is confirmed by their high content of alkylied naphthalene homologues. The accumulation of hydrocarbons in some horizons of the sedimentary stratum is due not only to the seepage of diesel fuel, but also to the input of organic matter from swampy areas and floodplain lakes, as well as to the burial of the surface layer by the flood of 2021.
{"title":"Hydrocarbon Transformations in Bottom Sediments after an Emergency Spill of Diesel Fuel in Norilsk","authors":"Yu. S. Glyaznetsova, I. A. Nemirovskaya","doi":"10.1134/s0097807823700240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0097807823700240","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>One year after an emergency spill of diesel fuel in Norilsk, hydrocarbon concentrations in bottom sediments of the Norilo-Pyasinskaya Water System decreased, but, on the average over the regions, they decreased in the surface layer in the same order as in 2020: Ambarnaya River mouth (835 µg/g, σ = 1788) > Bezymyannyi Creek—Daldykan River—Ambarnaya River (306 µg/g, σ = 273) > Pyasina River (23 µg/g, σ = 20) > Pyasino Lake (12 µg/g, σ = 8). The decrease in the concentrations was due to the degradation of low-molecular hydrocarbons. The concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in 2021 also varied within a narrower interval (0–1027 ng/g) than in 2020 (0–3865 ng/g). The oil origin of the hydrocarbons in the sediments of the Bezymyannyi Creek and the rivers of Daldykan and Ambarnaya is confirmed by their high content of alkylied naphthalene homologues. The accumulation of hydrocarbons in some horizons of the sedimentary stratum is due not only to the seepage of diesel fuel, but also to the input of organic matter from swampy areas and floodplain lakes, as well as to the burial of the surface layer by the flood of 2021.</p>","PeriodicalId":49368,"journal":{"name":"Water Resources","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140035628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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