Pub Date : 2018-06-12DOI: 10.1080/03721426.2018.1483186
Alice C Grieve, Bridgette L. Barnden, R. M. Howell, Aurelie M. Kanishka, M. Stevens, M. Schwarz, B. Parslow
ABSTRACT Parasitoid wasps of the subfamily Hyptiogastrinae (Gasteruptiidae) are known to lay eggs in the nests of solitary bees and wasps. Their larvae are considered predator-inquilines, consuming the host’s eggs and larvae and then the nest provisions. Pseudofoenus extraneus is endemic to Fiji, and the only member of the subfamily Hyptiogastrinae known to have colonised the archipelago. The host relationships and oviposition sequence of this species have not been previously reported. We show that the primary host is the halictine bee Homalictus fijiensis and describe P. extraneus behaviour around Homalictus nest aggregations and the entering of host nests. Wasps were observed entering Homalictus nests on nine occasions, as well as perching near nests and antennating nest entrances. The high abundance of H. fijiensis in Fiji may help to explain how a parasitoid was able to successfully invade such a remote oceanic archipelago as Fiji.
{"title":"Reproductive ethology of the Fijian predator-inquiline wasp Pseudofoenus extraneus (Hymenoptera: Gasteruptiidae: Hyptiogastrinae)","authors":"Alice C Grieve, Bridgette L. Barnden, R. M. Howell, Aurelie M. Kanishka, M. Stevens, M. Schwarz, B. Parslow","doi":"10.1080/03721426.2018.1483186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03721426.2018.1483186","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Parasitoid wasps of the subfamily Hyptiogastrinae (Gasteruptiidae) are known to lay eggs in the nests of solitary bees and wasps. Their larvae are considered predator-inquilines, consuming the host’s eggs and larvae and then the nest provisions. Pseudofoenus extraneus is endemic to Fiji, and the only member of the subfamily Hyptiogastrinae known to have colonised the archipelago. The host relationships and oviposition sequence of this species have not been previously reported. We show that the primary host is the halictine bee Homalictus fijiensis and describe P. extraneus behaviour around Homalictus nest aggregations and the entering of host nests. Wasps were observed entering Homalictus nests on nine occasions, as well as perching near nests and antennating nest entrances. The high abundance of H. fijiensis in Fiji may help to explain how a parasitoid was able to successfully invade such a remote oceanic archipelago as Fiji.","PeriodicalId":49425,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia","volume":"10 1","pages":"122 - 129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82484835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-11DOI: 10.1080/03721426.2018.1461180
I. Beveridge
ABSTRACT Two new species of Cloacina (Nematoda: Strongyloidea) are described from the stomach of the red kangaroo, Osphranter rufus. Cloacina xericola sp. nov. is described from a single locality, Menzies, in Western Australia. It differs from all congeners in having a highly recurrent vagina, six leaf crown elements, a lack of bosses in the lining of the oesophagus and extremely long spicules. Cloacina eris sp. nov. is most closely related to C. ares Beveridge, 1998 in the features of the buccal capsule and oesophagus, but differs in the position of the deirid, being posterior to the nerve ring in the new species, as well as in the form of the spicule ala which diminishes towards the tip in the new species, the greater length of the female tail, and the convoluted vagina of the new species. Cloacina eris is reported from both Western Australia and Queensland and at one locality in western Queensland, both C. eris and C. ares co-occur. Additional geographical records are provided for C. ares.
{"title":"Two new species of nematodes of the genus Cloacina (Strongyloidea: Cloacininae) parasitic in the stomachs of red kangaroos, Osphranter rufus (Marsupialia: Macropodidae)","authors":"I. Beveridge","doi":"10.1080/03721426.2018.1461180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03721426.2018.1461180","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Two new species of Cloacina (Nematoda: Strongyloidea) are described from the stomach of the red kangaroo, Osphranter rufus. Cloacina xericola sp. nov. is described from a single locality, Menzies, in Western Australia. It differs from all congeners in having a highly recurrent vagina, six leaf crown elements, a lack of bosses in the lining of the oesophagus and extremely long spicules. Cloacina eris sp. nov. is most closely related to C. ares Beveridge, 1998 in the features of the buccal capsule and oesophagus, but differs in the position of the deirid, being posterior to the nerve ring in the new species, as well as in the form of the spicule ala which diminishes towards the tip in the new species, the greater length of the female tail, and the convoluted vagina of the new species. Cloacina eris is reported from both Western Australia and Queensland and at one locality in western Queensland, both C. eris and C. ares co-occur. Additional geographical records are provided for C. ares.","PeriodicalId":49425,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia","volume":"83 1","pages":"196 - 207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86622934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03721426.2017.1394778
P. Kolesik, C. R. Hall, R. Kitching, R. Adair
ABSTRACT Solanum inaequilaterum is a perennial shrub, endemic to the evergreen subtropical rainforest of southern Queensland and northern New South Wales, Australia. An undescribed species of gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) was found to cause numerous round hairy galls on leaves, leaf stalks and stems. The new species is described and named Dasineura inaequilaterae Kolesik sp. nov. It is the first Dasineura known to feed on a host plant from the family Solanaceae worldwide.
{"title":"A new species of gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) feeding on Solanum in Australia","authors":"P. Kolesik, C. R. Hall, R. Kitching, R. Adair","doi":"10.1080/03721426.2017.1394778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03721426.2017.1394778","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Solanum inaequilaterum is a perennial shrub, endemic to the evergreen subtropical rainforest of southern Queensland and northern New South Wales, Australia. An undescribed species of gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) was found to cause numerous round hairy galls on leaves, leaf stalks and stems. The new species is described and named Dasineura inaequilaterae Kolesik sp. nov. It is the first Dasineura known to feed on a host plant from the family Solanaceae worldwide.","PeriodicalId":49425,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia","volume":"26 1","pages":"49 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79125746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03721426.2018.1427414
E. Purwaningsih, L. Smales
ABSTRACT A new species of the Subuluridae (Nematoda: Ascaridida) Labiobulura lengguruensis n. sp. is described from the caecum and colon and two new species of the Chabertiidae: Cloacininae (Nematoda: Strongylida) Paralabiostrongylus tuberis n. sp. and Dorcopsinema amplum n. sp. are described from the stomachof the macropodid marsupial Dorcopsis muelleri (Lesson, 1827) (Mammalia: Macropodidae) in Papua Indonesia. Labiobulura lengguruensis differs from all congeners in having a simple denticle associated with each labial lobe of the buccal capsule. Paralabiostrongylus tuberis can be distinguished from its congeners in by the position of the deirid and the form of the dorsal ray and genital cone. Dorcopsinema amplum can be distinguished from its congeners by the length of the spicule, the morphology of the appendages on the ventral lip of the genital cone, the position of the lateral branches of the dorsal ray, the shape of the female tail, the morphology of the vagina and the size of the eggs.The known nematode fauna of D. muelleri is summarised. The finding of three species of Dorcopsinema each in a different geographical locality suggests the possibility of allopatric speciation. A revised key to the species of Dorcopsinema is given.
摘要在印度尼西亚的大足类有袋动物Dorcopsis muelleri (Lesson, 1827)(哺乳动物:大足科)的胃中发现了一新种(线虫纲:蛔虫纲)长唇虫(Labiobulura lengguruensis n. sp.)和二新种:Cloacininae(线虫纲:圆线虫纲)。在唇囊的唇叶上有一个简单的小齿，与所有的同类不同。结节旁圆线虫可以从它的同类中区分出来，从它的脊线的位置和背线和生殖锥的形式。从针状体的长度、生殖锥腹唇上附属物的形态、背射线侧支的位置、雌性尾巴的形状、阴道的形态和卵的大小，都可以将其与同类区分开来。总结了已知的木氏线虫区系。在不同的地理位置发现了三种Dorcopsinema，表明可能存在异域物种形成。给出了Dorcopsinema的一种修订的键。
{"title":"New species of Labiobulura (Nematoda: Ascaridida), and Dorcopsinema and Paralabiostrongylus (Nematoda: Strongylida) from Dorcopsis muelleri (Macropodidae) from Lengguru, West Papua, Indonesia","authors":"E. Purwaningsih, L. Smales","doi":"10.1080/03721426.2018.1427414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03721426.2018.1427414","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A new species of the Subuluridae (Nematoda: Ascaridida) Labiobulura lengguruensis n. sp. is described from the caecum and colon and two new species of the Chabertiidae: Cloacininae (Nematoda: Strongylida) Paralabiostrongylus tuberis n. sp. and Dorcopsinema amplum n. sp. are described from the stomachof the macropodid marsupial Dorcopsis muelleri (Lesson, 1827) (Mammalia: Macropodidae) in Papua Indonesia. Labiobulura lengguruensis differs from all congeners in having a simple denticle associated with each labial lobe of the buccal capsule. Paralabiostrongylus tuberis can be distinguished from its congeners in by the position of the deirid and the form of the dorsal ray and genital cone. Dorcopsinema amplum can be distinguished from its congeners by the length of the spicule, the morphology of the appendages on the ventral lip of the genital cone, the position of the lateral branches of the dorsal ray, the shape of the female tail, the morphology of the vagina and the size of the eggs.The known nematode fauna of D. muelleri is summarised. The finding of three species of Dorcopsinema each in a different geographical locality suggests the possibility of allopatric speciation. A revised key to the species of Dorcopsinema is given.","PeriodicalId":49425,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia","volume":"77 1","pages":"56 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75841678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03721426.2017.1415588
P. Clarke
ABSTRACT This paper is an ethnographic study of Indigenous bird foraging post-European settlement of the Lower Murray in rural temperate South Australia. The Aboriginal people of this region have developed unique relationships with the landscape, reflecting the retention of some pre-European Indigenous practices and the development of new traditions. Aboriginal bird foraging practices after British settlement in 1836 were not just relics of a pre-European past but the product of cultural forces that shaped a modern Indigenous identity. Analysis of the continuity of bird foraging adds to the understanding of contemporary Aboriginal use and perception of the Australian landscape.
{"title":"Aboriginal foraging practices and crafts involving birds in the post-European period of the Lower Murray, South Australia","authors":"P. Clarke","doi":"10.1080/03721426.2017.1415588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03721426.2017.1415588","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper is an ethnographic study of Indigenous bird foraging post-European settlement of the Lower Murray in rural temperate South Australia. The Aboriginal people of this region have developed unique relationships with the landscape, reflecting the retention of some pre-European Indigenous practices and the development of new traditions. Aboriginal bird foraging practices after British settlement in 1836 were not just relics of a pre-European past but the product of cultural forces that shaped a modern Indigenous identity. Analysis of the continuity of bird foraging adds to the understanding of contemporary Aboriginal use and perception of the Australian landscape.","PeriodicalId":49425,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia","volume":"46 1","pages":"1 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85935131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03721426.2018.1438803
G. Guerin, P. J. O'Connor, B. Sparrow, A. Lowe
ABSTRACT Temperatures in South Australia have risen 0.5–1.5°C post-1950, a trend expected to drive ecological change. However, climate sensitivity, landscape resilience and management priorities vary among regions. We classified the vulnerability of South Australian plant assemblages to climate change in a framework that combines climate sensitivity and resilience. Generalised Dissimilarity Models (GDMs) of plant species composition were trained with species occurrence records from field plots. Resilience was represented by the proportional remnancy of native vegetation surrounding each location. Landscapes were classified using bivariate quantiles. Mean annual rainfall, summer maximum temperatures and spatial structure were important predictors of species turnover. GDMs (explaining 37–68% of deviance) were projected onto future climate scenarios to calculate sensitivity metrics. The Wheat Belt, mallee and Flinders Ranges were the most sensitive, representing a climatic transition characterised by rapid change in species assemblages. Southern Eyre Peninsula and western Kangaroo Island were classified as Resilient; the Mount Lofty Ranges, southern Flinders Ranges and eastern Kangaroo Island as Resistant; northern Eyre Peninsula and northern Flinders Ranges as Sensitive; and the Wheat Belt as Susceptible. The classification assists decisions on management priority and provenances or species selection for restoration and assisted migration in conjunction with other biodiversity measures.
{"title":"An ecological climate change classification for South Australia","authors":"G. Guerin, P. J. O'Connor, B. Sparrow, A. Lowe","doi":"10.1080/03721426.2018.1438803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03721426.2018.1438803","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Temperatures in South Australia have risen 0.5–1.5°C post-1950, a trend expected to drive ecological change. However, climate sensitivity, landscape resilience and management priorities vary among regions. We classified the vulnerability of South Australian plant assemblages to climate change in a framework that combines climate sensitivity and resilience. Generalised Dissimilarity Models (GDMs) of plant species composition were trained with species occurrence records from field plots. Resilience was represented by the proportional remnancy of native vegetation surrounding each location. Landscapes were classified using bivariate quantiles. Mean annual rainfall, summer maximum temperatures and spatial structure were important predictors of species turnover. GDMs (explaining 37–68% of deviance) were projected onto future climate scenarios to calculate sensitivity metrics. The Wheat Belt, mallee and Flinders Ranges were the most sensitive, representing a climatic transition characterised by rapid change in species assemblages. Southern Eyre Peninsula and western Kangaroo Island were classified as Resilient; the Mount Lofty Ranges, southern Flinders Ranges and eastern Kangaroo Island as Resistant; northern Eyre Peninsula and northern Flinders Ranges as Sensitive; and the Wheat Belt as Susceptible. The classification assists decisions on management priority and provenances or species selection for restoration and assisted migration in conjunction with other biodiversity measures.","PeriodicalId":49425,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia","volume":"32 1","pages":"70 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85595763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03721426.2018.1424505
P. Clarke
ABSTRACT This paper is a literature review of the use of birds in the Indigenous material culture of the Lower Murray River region in temperate South Australia, as observed in the early years of British colonisation. This record is augmented with additional data from fieldwork in the 1980s and early 1990s. It was found that Aboriginal people in this region made artefacts incorporating avian materials based upon their perceived physical and cultural properties. Analysis of material culture with respect to birds contributes to the understanding of Aboriginal use and perception of the Australian landscape.
{"title":"A review of early Indigenous artefacts incorporating bird materials in the Lower Murray River region, South Australia","authors":"P. Clarke","doi":"10.1080/03721426.2018.1424505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03721426.2018.1424505","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper is a literature review of the use of birds in the Indigenous material culture of the Lower Murray River region in temperate South Australia, as observed in the early years of British colonisation. This record is augmented with additional data from fieldwork in the 1980s and early 1990s. It was found that Aboriginal people in this region made artefacts incorporating avian materials based upon their perceived physical and cultural properties. Analysis of material culture with respect to birds contributes to the understanding of Aboriginal use and perception of the Australian landscape.","PeriodicalId":49425,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia","volume":"21 1","pages":"27 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78439054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-02DOI: 10.1080/03721426.2018.1444911
C. Taylor, G. Keppel, S. Peters, G. Hopkins, G. D. Kerr
ABSTRACT Litoria cyclorhyncha is a hylid frog native to southwest Western Australia (WA). It was first recorded in South Australia (SA) in 2000 and has established a breeding population in Streaky Bay on the western Eyre Peninsula since at least 2011. L. cyclorhyncha is a relatively large predatory frog that presents a potential threat to fauna and ecosystem processes in SA and eastern Australia. This study examines the invasion history and current and potential future distributions of this frog using historical records, field surveys and species distribution modelling (SDM). The historical records in SA suggest human-assisted dispersal through transport networks. Field surveys throughout the Eyre Peninsula during 2016–2017 detected three native species of frogs but no additional breeding populations of L. cyclorhyncha outside of Streaky Bay. Within Streaky Bay, frog abundance appears to be concentrated around permanent water bodies, but the species is also well established in urban habitats. SDM suggests that suitable environmental conditions exist for L. cyclorhyncha in southern and eastern Australia. This, and the frog’s ability to disperse over long distances, suggests considerable potential for the species to become invasive. As L. cyclorhyncha has potential to significantly impact biodiversity and ecosystems, management strategies are urgently needed.
{"title":"Establishment and potential spread of the introduced spotted-thighed frog, Litoria cyclorhyncha (Ranoidea cyclorhynchus), in South Australia","authors":"C. Taylor, G. Keppel, S. Peters, G. Hopkins, G. D. Kerr","doi":"10.1080/03721426.2018.1444911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03721426.2018.1444911","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Litoria cyclorhyncha is a hylid frog native to southwest Western Australia (WA). It was first recorded in South Australia (SA) in 2000 and has established a breeding population in Streaky Bay on the western Eyre Peninsula since at least 2011. L. cyclorhyncha is a relatively large predatory frog that presents a potential threat to fauna and ecosystem processes in SA and eastern Australia. This study examines the invasion history and current and potential future distributions of this frog using historical records, field surveys and species distribution modelling (SDM). The historical records in SA suggest human-assisted dispersal through transport networks. Field surveys throughout the Eyre Peninsula during 2016–2017 detected three native species of frogs but no additional breeding populations of L. cyclorhyncha outside of Streaky Bay. Within Streaky Bay, frog abundance appears to be concentrated around permanent water bodies, but the species is also well established in urban habitats. SDM suggests that suitable environmental conditions exist for L. cyclorhyncha in southern and eastern Australia. This, and the frog’s ability to disperse over long distances, suggests considerable potential for the species to become invasive. As L. cyclorhyncha has potential to significantly impact biodiversity and ecosystems, management strategies are urgently needed.","PeriodicalId":49425,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia","volume":"38 1","pages":"101 - 86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2018-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78909317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-24DOI: 10.1080/03721426.2018.1385570
R. Fitzpatrick
{"title":"Lee Parkin 1916–2013","authors":"R. Fitzpatrick","doi":"10.1080/03721426.2018.1385570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03721426.2018.1385570","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49425,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia","volume":"5 1","pages":"102 - 103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2017-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90856369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-03DOI: 10.1080/03721426.2017.1376467
A. Jensen, K. Walker
ABSTRACT The natural flow regime of the Murray River in south-eastern Australia has been fundamentally altered through regulation and extraction, with fewer, shorter floods, changing seasonality of flows and reduced floodplain connectivity. Ecosystems which evolved over millenia show serious stress and decline under the regulated regime. Environmental water allocations being returned to Murray Valley ecosystems to halt the decline and improve river health are not sufficient to re-create missing floods, but aim to mimic key elements of the natural water regime. For floodplain vegetation communities, the missing element is seasonal water availability to maintain condition of mature trees and trigger germination of seedlings. Dominant perennial vegetation species river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), black box (E. largiflorens) and lignum (Muehlenbeckia florulenta) suffered significant stress and death during the severe Millenium drought (2000–2010), but drought-breaking floods in 2010–2012 replenished soil moisture reserves. A new generation of seedlings germinated, and many environmental watering projects now focus on enhancing survival of these seedlings. Previous studies suggested that timing of phenological stages can indicate key timing for beneficial delivery of environmental water. These findings are being tested at Lower Murray Valley sites, to identify optimum timing for watering to support recovery in floodplain vegetation communities.
{"title":"Sustaining recovery in red gum, black box and lignum in the Murray River Valley: clues from natural phenological cycles to guide environmental watering","authors":"A. Jensen, K. Walker","doi":"10.1080/03721426.2017.1376467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03721426.2017.1376467","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The natural flow regime of the Murray River in south-eastern Australia has been fundamentally altered through regulation and extraction, with fewer, shorter floods, changing seasonality of flows and reduced floodplain connectivity. Ecosystems which evolved over millenia show serious stress and decline under the regulated regime. Environmental water allocations being returned to Murray Valley ecosystems to halt the decline and improve river health are not sufficient to re-create missing floods, but aim to mimic key elements of the natural water regime. For floodplain vegetation communities, the missing element is seasonal water availability to maintain condition of mature trees and trigger germination of seedlings. Dominant perennial vegetation species river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), black box (E. largiflorens) and lignum (Muehlenbeckia florulenta) suffered significant stress and death during the severe Millenium drought (2000–2010), but drought-breaking floods in 2010–2012 replenished soil moisture reserves. A new generation of seedlings germinated, and many environmental watering projects now focus on enhancing survival of these seedlings. Previous studies suggested that timing of phenological stages can indicate key timing for beneficial delivery of environmental water. These findings are being tested at Lower Murray Valley sites, to identify optimum timing for watering to support recovery in floodplain vegetation communities.","PeriodicalId":49425,"journal":{"name":"Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia","volume":"6 1","pages":"209 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2017-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91000138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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