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Yaya Kazalarının Yaralanma Şiddetinin İncelenmesi: İkili Lojistik Regresyon Modeli Uygulaması 新案例飓风暴力的检验——二次逻辑回归模型的应用
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.18400/tekderg.670811
Murat Özen
Bu calismada ikili lojistik regresyon model kullanilarak yaya kazalarinin yaralanma siddetine etki eden faktorler belirlenmistir. Bu amacla Emniyet Genel Mudurlugu veri tabanindan elde edilen, Mersin’de 2015-2017 yillari arasinda tek bir tasit ve tek bir yayanin karistigi kazalara ait kaza duzeyindeki detayli veriler kullanilmistir. Yayalarin yaralanma siddetini belirlemek icin kaza sonrasi 30 gunluk surecin sonundaki veri kullanilmistir. Model sonuclari kazalara 55 yas ve ustu yayalarin karismasinin, erkek yayalarin karismasinin, kazada yayalarin kusurlu olmasinin, kazada hiz kusuru olmasinin ve kaza noktasinda yatay kurb bulunmasinin yaya kazalarinin yaralanma siddetinin 0,05 anlamlilik duzeyinde arttirdigini gostermistir. Yaya kazalarinin devlet yollarinda ve gece meydana gelmesi yaya kazalarinin yaralanma siddetini 0,10 anlamlilik duzeyinde artirmaktadir. Ote yandan, kazalara motosikletlerin karismasi yaralanma siddetini 0,05 anlamlilik duzeyinde azalmaktadir.
在这种钙中,使用第二个逻辑回归模型,存在影响飞机损伤的因素。目标是纳入2015年至2017年间联合国梅尔辛数据库中的一个泰瑟枪和一个广播卡通事件。为了确定媒体的受伤率,接下来的30年是使用图像末尾的数据。模型事故的结果增加了55英寻和小行星的旋转木马,男性袭击旋转木马,事故的发生,而事故的发生增加了事件中0.05英寻的伤害率。事故发生在公共路线上,夜间出现,意味着事故的伤害率为0.10。另一方面,事故使摩托车的旋转木马显著减少了0.05。
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引用次数: 1
Jeoid Değişimlerinin ICESat Altimetre Verisi ile Hesaplanan Su Seviyelerine Etkisi ICESat高度计Jeoid变化数据对水位计算的影响
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.18400/tekderg.634227
F. Saka, A. Tekeli, Senayi Dönmez
This study investigates the effects of geoid variations on GLAS altimeter onboard ICESat satellite based water surface elevations (WSE) over Burdur Lake (BL). MODIS snow-covered area maps are used to detect water surfaces daily. The differences between ground observations of BL WSE and those calculated using ICESat Global EGM2008 geoid varied between -0.96m and -0.60m with a root mean square error of 0.73m. The errors of re-calculated water levels with the updated geoid heights varied from -0.20m to 0.16m and the root mean square error decreased to 0.12m. Comparison with DSI ground observations yielded R2 as 0.98. Water level differences between the successive winter and summer is 0.74m and remained within the maximum change of 1.0m.
本研究调查了大地水准面变化对布尔杜尔湖(BL)上空ICESat卫星水面高程(WSE)GLAS高度计的影响。MODIS雪覆盖区地图用于每天探测水面。BL WSE的地面观测值与使用ICESat Global EGM2008大地水准面的地面观测值之间的差异在-0.96m到-0.60m之间,均方根误差为0.73m。更新大地水准面高度后重新计算的水位误差在-0.20m到0.16m之间,均方误差降至0.12m。与DSI地面观测值相比,R2为0.98。连续冬季和夏季的水位差为0.74m,并保持在1.0m的最大变化范围内。
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引用次数: 1
Kaynak Dengeleme Probleminin Arama Uzayını Paralel Programlama ile Tarayarak Kesin Çözümü 用并行编程扫描输出空间求解源分析问题
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.18400/tekderg.595238
Önder Halis Bettemi̇r, Tuğba Erzurum
Exact Solution of Resource Leveling Problem by Exhaustive Enumeration with Parallel Programming Resource Leveling Problem (RLP) is solved by heuristic, meta-heuristic, and mathematical methods. However, the aforementioned methods cannot guarantee the exact solution for large size problems. In this study, number of feasible schedules which can be obtained by delaying the non-critical activities without violating the precedence relationships and elongating the project completion time are computed. All of the feasible schedules which can be defined as the search domain are enumerated and the guaranteed optimum solution for the RLP is obtained by a different method from the existing methods. Exponential equation between the search domain and the number of activities on serial path is derived and the insolvability of large RLP in a reasonable time by one central processing unit is verified. Partitioning of the problem into equal sizes is provided by parallel programming so that each particle contains the same number of enumeration. In this study, four RLP in which the largest problem has 36 activities are solved by exhaustive enumeration within reasonable solution time and it is proved that the proposed method is applicable. Exact solutions of larger problems can also be obtained by the proposed method if the problem is partitioned into smaller sizes.
资源均衡问题采用启发式、元启发式和数学方法求解。然而,上述方法不能保证大尺寸问题的精确解决。本文计算了在不违反优先关系和延长项目完成时间的情况下,延迟非关键活动所能获得的可行进度数。列举了可定义为搜索域的所有可行调度,并采用不同于现有方法的方法获得了RLP的保证最优解。推导了搜索域与序列路径上的活动数之间的指数方程,并验证了大型RLP在合理时间内的不可解性。并行编程提供了将问题划分为相等大小的方法,以便每个粒子包含相同数量的枚举。在本研究中,通过穷举枚举在合理的求解时间内求解了最大问题有36个活动的4个RLP,并证明了所提方法的适用性。如果将较大的问题划分为较小的问题,该方法也可以得到精确解。
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引用次数: 3
Consolidated Undrained Monotonic Shearing Response of Hydrophobic Kızılırmak Sand 疏水Kızılırmak砂固结不排水单调剪切响应
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.18400/tekderg.543306
K. Cetin, Hüseyin Tatar
Geotechnical properties of hydrophilic (wettable) sands have been widely discussed in the literature. However, sands may gain hydrophobic (non-wettable) properties after being exposed to a hydrophobic agent in the nature. The number of available studies regarding the response of hydrophobic sands is very limited, and mostly focus on their environmental and hydrological aspects. To close this gap, a controlled laboratory testing program, consisting of 18 static strain-controlled consolidated undrained triaxial shear tests, was designed. Tests were performed on fully saturated hydrophilic and hydrophobic re-constituted Kizilirmak sand samples of different relative densities with pore water measurements. Hydrophobic samples were prepared by using 1 and 2 % WD-40 lubricant by mass. The effect of hydrophobic agent was assessed by comparing the stress – excess pore water pressure - strain responses of hydrophobic sand samples with those of conventional (hydrophilic) sand samples. Test results revealed that addition of hydrophobic agent increases the dilatancy of sands at low confining stresses (~100kPa) by decreasing the excess pore water pressure generation. At higher confining stresses (~400kPa) this effect is less pronounced. Moreover, the addition of hydrophobic agent up to 2% by mass does not systematically and significantly change the effective angle of shearing resistance of sand samples, independent of their initial relative density and confining stress levels.
亲水(可湿)砂的岩土力学性质在文献中得到了广泛的讨论。然而,沙子在暴露于自然界中的疏水剂后可能会获得疏水(不可湿性)特性。关于疏水砂的响应的现有研究数量非常有限,并且主要集中在其环境和水文方面。为了缩小这一差距,设计了一个受控的实验室测试程序,包括18个静态应变控制固结不排水三轴剪切试验。对不同相对密度的完全饱和亲水和疏水重构克孜利尔马克砂样进行了孔隙水测量试验。用质量为1%和2%的WD-40润滑剂制备疏水样品。通过比较疏水砂样与常规(亲水)砂样的应力-超孔隙水压力-应变响应,评价疏水剂的作用。试验结果表明,疏水剂的加入通过降低超孔隙水压力的产生,提高了低围应力(~100kPa)条件下砂土的剪胀性。在较高的围应力(~400kPa)下,这种影响不太明显。此外,疏水剂的添加量不受砂样初始相对密度和围应力水平的影响,不影响其有效抗剪角的系统和显著变化。
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引用次数: 0
Structural Equation Model of the Factors Affecting Construction Industry Innovation Success 影响建筑业创新成功因素的结构方程模型
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.18400/tekderg.567272
G. Demirdöğen, Z. Işık
Innovation is seen as one of the major factors to improve construction industry. However, new technologies and processes are difficult for construction companies to adopt due to the conventional structure of the industry. Therefore, it needs to be regulated and promoted by the decision makers of whom prevailed of the benefits of innovation practices. This study aims to develop a structural equation model illustrating the impact of innovation on construction industry with a case study. The study results approved that there is a significant relationship between the innovation practices of construction companies and construction industry innovation.
创新被视为改善建筑业的主要因素之一。然而,由于行业的常规结构,建筑公司很难采用新技术和新工艺。因此,它需要决策者的规范和推动,他们普遍认为创新实践的好处。本研究旨在建立一个结构方程模型来说明创新对建筑产业的影响。研究结果表明,建筑企业创新实践与建筑行业创新之间存在显著的相关关系。
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引用次数: 3
Determination of Important Building Construction Nuisances in Residential Areas on Neighbouring Community 住宅小区重要建筑施工公害对邻近社区的判定
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.18400/tekderg.486628
Cenk Budayan, Tolga Çelik
In construction industry, there is poor stakeholder management.  However, the stakeholders play important roles in the completion of construction projects in line with their individual concerns and needs. Therefore stakeholders’ needs and concerns should be identified and managed carefully in order to complete a construction project successfully. In this study, it is attempted to obtain the nuisances created by building construction in residential areas on one of the external stakeholders, namely neighbouring community. For this purpose, a questionnaire is undertaken with 266 respondents among the external stakeholders of building constructions in different cities in north Cyprus. A structural equation modelling (SEM) is used to identify the important adverse impacts of construction of building projects to the neighbouring community. The results show that the adverse impacts of building construction are perceived by external stakeholders as disturbing. In addition, the conditions and culture of the region play an important role in the intensity of adverse impacts.
建筑行业利益相关者管理不力。然而,利益相关者在建设项目的完成中扮演着重要的角色,这与他们个人的关注和需求是一致的。因此,为了成功地完成建设项目,涉众的需求和关注点应该被识别和仔细管理。在这项研究中,它试图获得在住宅区的建筑施工对外部利益相关者之一,即邻近社区产生的滋扰。为此目的,对北塞浦路斯不同城市建筑施工的外部利益相关者中的266人进行了问卷调查。使用结构方程模型(SEM)来确定建筑项目对邻近社区的重要不利影响。结果表明,建筑施工的不利影响被外部利益相关者认为是令人不安的。此外,该地区的条件和文化对不利影响的强度也起着重要作用。
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引用次数: 3
Nonlinear Response Spectra for Seismic Isolation System Design in Turkey 土耳其隔震系统设计的非线性反应谱
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.18400/tekderg.511798
Aslihan Yolcu, Gülüm Tanırcan, C. Tüzün
In this study, base shear and inelastic displacement limits of seismic isolation systems are presented through acceleration-displacement response spectra considering the ground motion and design provisions of the Turkish Building Seismic Design Code. A series of nonlinear response history analyses are performed using a combination of eight site-specific design spectra, six isolation systems having six periods and five yield levels . As a result, eight spectra presented herein can be used for the for preliminary design stage of seismic isolation systems of structures in Turkey.
在本研究中,通过考虑地面运动和土耳其建筑抗震设计规范设计规定的加速度-位移反应谱,给出了隔震系统的基底剪切和非弹性位移极限。使用八个特定场地设计谱、六个具有六个周期和五个屈服水平的隔离系统的组合进行了一系列非线性响应历史分析。因此,本文提出的八个谱可用于土耳其结构隔震系统的初步设计阶段。
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引用次数: 0
An Effective Improved Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithm (IMOEA) for Solving Constraint Civil Engineering Optimization Problems 求解约束型土木工程优化问题的改进多目标进化算法(IMOEA
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.18400/tekderg.541640
H. G. Arab, A. M. Rayeni, M. Ghasemi
This paper introduces a new metaheuristic optimization method based on evolutionary algorithms to solve single-objective engineering optimization problems faster and more efficient. By considering constraints as a new objective function, problems turned to multi objective optimization problems. To avoid regular local optimum, different mutations and crossovers are studied and the best operators due their performances are selected as main operators of algorithm. Moreover, certain infeasible solutions can provide useful information about the direction which lead to best solution, so these infeasible solutions are defined on basic concepts of optimization and uses their feature to guide convergence of algorithm to global optimum. Dynamic interference of mutation and crossover are considered to prevent unnecessary calculation and also a selection strategy for choosing optimal solution is introduced. To verify the performance of the proposed algorithm, some CEC 2006 optimization problems which prevalently used in the literatures, are inspected. After satisfaction of acquired result by proposed algorithm on mathematical problems, four popular engineering optimization problems are solved. Comparison of results obtained by proposed algorithm with other optimization algorithms show that the suggested method has a powerful approach in finding the optimal solutions and exhibits significance accuracy and appropriate convergence in reaching the global optimum.
本文提出了一种基于进化算法的元启发式优化方法,以更快、更高效地解决单目标工程优化问题。将约束作为新的目标函数,将问题转化为多目标优化问题。为了避免正则的局部最优,研究了不同的突变和交叉,并根据其性能选择最佳算子作为算法的主要算子。此外,某些不可行解可以提供通向最佳解的方向的有用信息,因此这些不可行解是在优化的基本概念上定义的,并利用它们的特征来指导算法收敛到全局最优。考虑了突变和交叉的动态干扰,避免了不必要的计算,并提出了一种选择最优解的策略。为了验证所提算法的性能,对文献中常用的CEC 2006优化问题进行了检验。在求解数学问题获得满意结果后,对四种常见的工程优化问题进行了求解。与其他优化算法的结果比较表明,所提算法在寻找最优解方面具有强大的能力,在达到全局最优时具有显著的准确性和适当的收敛性。
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引用次数: 3
Experimental Investigation of Scour Hole Characteristics for Different Shapes of Piers Caused by Flood Hydrograph Succeeding Steady Flow 稳流后洪水线对不同形状桥墩冲刷孔特性的试验研究
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.18400/tekderg.595126
Aslı Bor Türkben, M. Güney
In this study, the scour depth and dimensions of the scour hole around different shaped piers in the case of hydrographs succeeding steady flow were studied experimentally. The experiments were carried out by using circular, square, rectangular, lenticular and rectangular with trapezoidal nose to compare the various scour hole geometries at the same flow conditions. Numerous experiments were conducted in a rectangular flume (18.6 m long, 0.80 m wide and 0.75 m deep) with different triangular shaped hydrographs. The flume bed of 26 cm thickness consists of uniform graded material with D 50 =1.68 mm. The experiments were carried out in clear water conditions. The temporal variations of the equilibrium scour depths in front the pier and the scour hole dimensions were recorded by two different cameras. The equilibrium scour depths at lateral sides and downstream of the piers were also measured. Regression analysis was performed in order to derive empirical relations to predict temporal variations of the scour depth in the case of unsteady flow. The shape factor values were also investigated based on the experimental findings and the obtained values were compared with those available in literature. The performance of the obtained empirical relations was tested by using experimental data existing in the literature. The smallest scour hole was observed for the rectangular with trapezoidal noses pier. The increase in the scour hole dimensions for other cross-sections was in the following order: rectangular with circular noses, circular, square and rectangular piers.
在本研究中,对不同形状桥墩周围冲刷坑的冲刷深度和尺寸进行了实验研究。试验采用圆形、方形、矩形、透镜状和带梯形鼻状的矩形进行,以比较在相同流量条件下的各种冲刷孔几何形状。在一个长18.6米、宽0.80米、深0.75米的矩形水槽中进行了大量实验,水槽具有不同的三角形过程线。26cm厚的水槽床由D50=1.68mm的均匀级配材料组成。实验在清水条件下进行。通过两台不同的摄像机记录了桥墩前平衡冲刷深度和冲刷孔尺寸的时间变化。还测量了桥墩侧面和下游的平衡冲刷深度。进行回归分析,以得出经验关系,预测非恒定流情况下冲刷深度的时间变化。还根据实验结果对形状因子值进行了研究,并将获得的值与文献中的值进行了比较。通过使用文献中现有的实验数据来测试所获得的经验关系的性能。矩形梯形鼻墩的冲刷坑最小。其他横截面的冲刷坑尺寸的增加顺序如下:矩形带圆形鼻墩、圆形、方形和矩形桥墩。
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引用次数: 2
Snap-through Buckling of Shallow Spherical Shells under Ring Loads 环形载荷作用下扁球壳的弹穿屈曲
IF 1.3 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.18400/tekderg.565095
E. Karataş, R. F. Yükseler
Snap-through buckling behaviour of rigid vinly polyethlene shallow spherical shells, undergoing large displacements, subjected to static ring loads is investigated by using finite differences and Newton-Raphson Method. The load-deflection diagrams corresponding to various values of thickness, depth and ring diameter of the shell with simply supported and clamped edges are drawn and compared. The accuracy of the used algorithm and the prepared computer program are tested by comparing some of  the numerical results obtained in this study with those obtained by an experimental study, available in the relevant literature. Further steps on the concerning subject are achieved.
采用有限差分法和Newton-Raphson方法研究了刚性聚乙烯扁球壳在静环载荷作用下承受大位移时的弹穿屈曲行为。绘制并比较了具有简支和夹持边缘的壳体的不同厚度、深度和环直径值对应的载荷-挠度图。通过将本研究中获得的一些数值结果与相关文献中的实验研究获得的结果进行比较,测试了所用算法和准备的计算机程序的准确性。已就有关主题采取进一步步骤。
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引用次数: 0
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