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Imaging coupled filtering: A unified multi-channel framework for multimodal medical image registration and fusion 影像耦合滤波:多模态医学影像配准与融合的统一多通道框架
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2025.110451
Hui Liu , Jicheng Zhu , Hengtai Li , Christian Desrosiers , Caiming Zhang
Multimodal medical image registration and fusion integrate complementary features from different modalities, to enhance diagnostic accuracy and provide comprehensive clinical insights. Existing approaches face critical shortcomings in feature alignment, computational efficiency and clinical interpretability, demanding a novel coupled framework to address these issues. Additionally, the lack of open-source benchmark datasets at the systemic level persists as a major bottleneck. Thus, a novel Imaging Coupled Filtering (ICF), means multi-channel image features coupling filtering, is proposed in this work. First, ICF decomposes source images from different modalities into four feature channels: smoothing, texture, contour and edge. Then, intra-channel fusion strategies are designed to generate fused images. Specifically, in the smoothing channels, we propose a visual saliency decomposition strategy to comprehensively extract energy and partial fiber texture features through multi-scale and multi-dimensional analysis, thereby optimizing the utilization of latent feature information. For the texture channels, we propose a novel texture enhancement operator designed to effectively capture fine details and hierarchical structural information, which enables accurate differentiation of invasion states in adherent lesions. Finally, an imaging coupling mechanism is presented to achieve fused results based on the weights of multi-feature representation. Additionally, we have registered and released 403 groups of multimodal abdominal medical images (Ab-MI) for research purposes. Experiments on Atlas and Ab-MI demonstrate that, compared to six state-of-the-art methods, ICF achieves superior results in terms of visual effects, objective metrics and computational efficiency.
多模态医学图像配准和融合融合了不同模态的互补特征,提高了诊断准确性,提供了全面的临床见解。现有的方法在特征对齐、计算效率和临床可解释性方面存在严重缺陷,需要一个新的耦合框架来解决这些问题。此外,在系统层面缺乏开源基准数据集仍然是一个主要瓶颈。因此,本文提出了一种新的成像耦合滤波(ICF),即多通道图像特征耦合滤波。首先,ICF将不同模态的源图像分解为平滑、纹理、轮廓和边缘四个特征通道。然后,设计通道内融合策略生成融合图像;具体而言,在平滑通道中,我们提出了一种视觉显著性分解策略,通过多尺度、多维度分析,综合提取能量和部分纤维纹理特征,从而优化潜在特征信息的利用。对于纹理通道,我们提出了一种新的纹理增强算子,旨在有效捕获精细细节和分层结构信息,从而能够准确区分粘附病变的侵袭状态。最后,提出了一种基于多特征表示权重的图像耦合机制来实现融合结果。此外,我们还注册并发布了403组用于研究目的的多模态腹部医学图像(Ab-MI)。在Atlas和Ab-MI上的实验表明,与六种最先进的方法相比,ICF在视觉效果、客观指标和计算效率方面都取得了更好的效果。
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引用次数: 0
Coupled tensor models for probability mass function estimation: Part I, principles and algorithms 概率质量函数估计的耦合张量模型:第一部分,原理和算法
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2025.110452
Philippe Flores , Konstantin Usevich , David Brie
In this article, a probability mass function (PMF) estimation method called partial coupled tensor factorization of 3D marginals or PCTF3D is proposed. To tame the inherent PMF estimation curse of dimensionality, PCTF3D’s principle is to couple 3-dimensional data projections – seen as order-3 tensors – to obtain a low-rank tensor approximation of the PMF. The contribution of PCTF3D relies on partial coupling which consists in choosing a limited subset of 3D marginals. While PMF estimation is possible with all marginals, coupling only a subset of marginals like in PCTF3D permits to reduce the computational burden without losing significant estimation performance. A key concept of PCTF3D is the choice of marginals to be coupled: this problem is formulated and studied with hypergraphs. This Part I paper introduces the algorithmic framework of PCTF3D: optimization problem, coupling strategies, numerical experiments and a real data application of PCTF3D. On the other hand, the Part II paper studies coupled tensor uniqueness properties of the model introduced by PCTF3D.
本文提出了一种概率质量函数(PMF)估计方法,称为三维边缘的部分耦合张量分解(PCTF3D)。为了克服PMF固有的维数估计问题,PCTF3D的原理是耦合三维数据投影——被视为3阶张量——以获得PMF的低秩张量近似值。PCTF3D的贡献依赖于部分耦合,部分耦合包括选择有限的3D边缘子集。虽然PMF估计可以使用所有的边缘,但像PCTF3D这样只耦合边缘的子集可以减少计算负担,而不会损失显著的估计性能。PCTF3D的一个关键概念是要耦合的边缘的选择:这个问题是用超图来表述和研究的。本文第一部分介绍了PCTF3D的算法框架:优化问题、耦合策略、数值实验和PCTF3D的实际数据应用。另一方面,本文第二部分研究了PCTF3D引入模型的耦合张量唯一性。
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引用次数: 0
Coupled tensor models for probability mass function estimation: Part II, uniqueness of the model 概率质量函数估计的耦合张量模型:第二部分,模型的唯一性
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2025-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2025.110453
Philippe Flores , Konstantin Usevich , David Brie
In this paper, uniqueness properties of a coupled factorization of 3D marginal tensors (or PCTF3D) are studied. The PCTF3D method (detailed in the Part I article) performs estimation of probability mass functions (PMFs) by coupling 3D marginals, seen as order-3 tensors. The core novelty of PCTF3D’s approach relies on the partial coupling which consists in choosing a limited set of 3D marginals to be coupled. PCTF3D uniqueness is examined through the prism of polynomial mappings and their recoverability. A numerical algorithm is proposed for finding the maximal rank for which recoverability is guaranteed. This approach properly accounts for the coupling strategy and simplex constraints. Using the proposed algorithm, the different coupling strategies from Part I are examined with respect to their uniqueness properties. Finally, a new identifiability bound is given for a so-called Cartesian coupling which improves existing sufficient bounds available in the literature.
研究了三维边缘张量耦合分解(PCTF3D)的唯一性。PCTF3D方法(在第一部分文章中详细介绍)通过耦合3D边际(被视为3阶张量)来执行概率质量函数(pmf)的估计。PCTF3D方法的核心新颖之处在于局部耦合,即选择一组有限的3D边缘进行耦合。通过多项式映射及其可恢复性的棱镜来检验PCTF3D的唯一性。提出了一种求保证可恢复性的最大秩的数值算法。这种方法恰当地考虑了耦合策略和单纯形约束。使用所提出的算法,从唯一性方面检查了第1部分中的不同耦合策略。最后,给出了所谓笛卡儿耦合的一个新的可辨识界,它改进了文献中已有的充分界。
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引用次数: 0
A method for retinal inspired foveated image reconstruction 一种视网膜启发注视点图像重建方法
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2025.110459
Haoming Xiang, Xiaohua Xia, Haiyun Tan, Zhiwei Duan
The foveal mechanism of the human retina produces sharp central vision with a blurred periphery. By generating foveated images that more closely replicate this mechanism, it is possible to significantly enhance immersion and deliver a more natural visual experience in virtual environments and related applications. In this paper, we proposed a two-stage foveated image reconstruction method to simulate a biologically plausible foveated retina. In the first stage, a monocular humanoid field of view (FOV) model is designed based on the mapping relationship between the human retina and the camera sensor, enabling the capture of images with a human-like FOV using a commonly available uniform-pixel camera. During the second stage, a non-uniform pixel sampling approach is presented to approximate the spatial distribution of photoreceptors across the retina, combined with biharmonic spline-based interpolation for natural-looking resampling. Qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate that the foveated images generated by the proposed method exhibit better consistency with human visual perception than existing representative methods.
人类视网膜的中央凹机制产生清晰的中央视觉与模糊的外围。通过生成更接近复制这一机制的注视点图像,可以显著增强沉浸感,并在虚拟环境和相关应用程序中提供更自然的视觉体验。在本文中,我们提出了一种两阶段的图像重建方法来模拟一个生物学上合理的注视点视网膜。第一阶段,基于人眼视网膜与相机传感器之间的映射关系,设计了单目类人视场模型,实现了使用常用的均匀像素相机捕获类人视场图像。在第二阶段,提出了一种非均匀像素采样方法来近似视网膜上光感受器的空间分布,并结合基于双调和样条的插值来进行自然的重采样。定性和定量结果表明,与现有代表性方法相比,该方法生成的注视点图像与人的视觉感知具有更好的一致性。
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引用次数: 0
Enhanced KalmanNet for accurate data fusion 增强KalmanNet,实现准确的数据融合
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2025.110457
Zipeng Li , Yafeng Guo , Jun Wang
The recently emerged hybrid mechanism-data driven KalmanNet can improve the accuracy of data fusion in the presence of model mismatch by implicitly extracting hidden priori information through learning from data. However, KalmanNet only learns the Kalman gain from data, while a substantial amount of hidden information remains unexploited. Besides the Kalman gain, the accuracy of the process model is also a critical factor affecting the performance of the filter. Unfortunately, in many practical applications, obtaining accurate process models by relying solely on mechanism modeling remains challenging. To further improve the filter performance, this paper proposes an enhanced KalmanNet that simultaneously learn both the Kalman gain and the unmodeled effects of the process model, thereby enabling more effective exploitation of the implicit information in the data. The experiment of vehicle localization on real data from public dataset demonstrates that the proposed method significantly improves the estimation accuracy compared to KalmanNet.
近年来出现的混合机制-数据驱动KalmanNet通过从数据中学习,隐式提取隐藏的先验信息,提高了模型不匹配情况下数据融合的精度。然而,KalmanNet只从数据中学习卡尔曼增益,而大量的隐藏信息仍未被利用。除卡尔曼增益外,过程模型的精度也是影响滤波器性能的关键因素。不幸的是,在许多实际应用中,仅依靠机理建模获得准确的过程模型仍然具有挑战性。为了进一步提高滤波性能,本文提出了一种增强的KalmanNet,它可以同时学习Kalman增益和过程模型的未建模效应,从而能够更有效地利用数据中的隐含信息。在公共数据集的真实数据上进行的车辆定位实验表明,与KalmanNet相比,该方法显著提高了估计精度。
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引用次数: 0
Cumulative risk-sensitive FIR filter for linear discrete time-invariant state-space models 线性离散时不变状态空间模型的累积风险敏感FIR滤波器
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2025.110440
Yi Liu, Shunyi Zhao, Xiaoli Luan, Fei Liu
In this paper, a cumulative finite impulse response (FIR) filter is developed for linear discrete time-invariant (TI) systems with temporary modeling uncertainties, which refer to short-term modelling errors that occur intermittently in the system dynamics. The filter is derived based on a cumulative risk-sensitive cost function that accounts for the sum of estimation errors from the initial time to the present moment within the estimation horizon. In contrast to the instantaneous-type filter, the proposed filter considers a wider range of estimation errors, resulting in better estimation performance. To derive the new filter, the cumulative exponential cost function is reformulated into a solvable max-min optimization problem, and then state estimator is achieved by solving this optimization problem. Simulation studies, including an engine model and a moving target tracking scenario, demonstrate that the proposed filter exhibits superior robustness to temporary modeling uncertainties compared to the instantaneous risk-sensitive FIR (IRSFIR) filter, the risk-sensitive filter (RSF), and the H filter.
本文针对具有暂态建模不确定性的线性离散时不变系统,开发了一种累积有限脉冲响应(FIR)滤波器,暂态建模不确定性指的是系统动力学中间歇性出现的短期建模误差。该滤波器是基于累积风险敏感代价函数推导出来的,该函数考虑了在估计范围内从初始时间到当前时刻的估计误差之和。与瞬时型滤波器相比,该滤波器考虑了更大范围的估计误差,从而获得了更好的估计性能。为了推导出新的滤波器,将累积指数代价函数重新表述为一个可解的极大极小优化问题,然后通过求解该优化问题得到状态估计器。包括发动机模型和运动目标跟踪场景在内的仿真研究表明,与瞬时风险敏感FIR (IRSFIR)滤波器、风险敏感滤波器(RSF)和H∞滤波器相比,所提出的滤波器对临时建模不确定性具有优越的鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
Sudden abnormal heart rate alerting based on MIMO radar quickest change detection 基于MIMO雷达最快变化检测的突发性异常心率预警
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2025.110449
Peichao Wang, Qian He
This paper proposes to employ a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system for non-contact sudden abnormal heart rate (HR) alerting, where the HR changes from an unknown initial normal value to an unknown abnormal value. By developing a signal model for the non-contact abnormal HR alerting using MIMO radar, we first propose a pre-change HR maximum likelihood (ML) estimator to estimate the initial HR and derive the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) for the estimation performance evaluation. Then, employing the estimated initial HR, we investigate generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) based quickest change detector for immediate abnormal HR alerting, called quickest abnormal HR alerting (QAHA). The asymptotic test statistic of the GLRT based QAHA is derived in closed-form, and the theoretical bounds of the mean time to false alarm (MTFA) and worst case average detection delay (WADD) are derived for performance analysis. Numerical and experimental results validate the correctness of the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the efficiency of our method compared with state-of-the-art methods.
本文提出采用多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达系统进行非接触式突发性异常心率(HR)报警,其中HR由未知的初始正常值变为未知的异常值。通过建立MIMO雷达非接触式异常HR报警信号模型,首先提出了一种预变化HR最大似然(ML)估计器来估计初始HR,并推导了用于估计性能评价的Cramer-Rao界(CRB)。然后,利用估计的初始人力资源,我们研究了基于广义似然比检验(GLRT)的人力资源异常预警最快变化检测器,称为人力资源异常预警最快变化检测器(QAHA)。以封闭形式导出了基于GLRT的QAHA的渐近检验统计量,并导出了平均虚警时间(MTFA)和最坏情况平均检测延迟(WADD)的理论界限,用于性能分析。数值和实验结果验证了理论分析的正确性,并与现有方法进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
A novel CKF using gamma and hierarchical Gaussian mixture distribution based on the variational Bayesian 一种基于变分贝叶斯的基于伽马和分层高斯混合分布的CKF
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2025.110455
Xiaonan Li , Ping Ma , Guanghui Sun , Tao Chao , Ming Yang
This paper presents a novel variational cubature Kalman filter (CKF) to improve robustness against non-stationary process and measurement noises. The proposed method utilizes a hierarchical Gaussian mixture (HGM) and the Gamma distribution to achieve this. Specifically, we propose a state prediction model using a novel HGM distribution, which is composed of several sub-models, to enhance robustness against non-stationary process noises. We utilize auxiliary variables that follow exponential and inverse-Wishart (IW) distributions to adjust the sub-model’s covariance matrix. The Dirichlet and categorical distributions are employed to adaptively mix the hierarchical Gaussian distributions. The mixed distribution can handle scenarios with both normal and abnormal process noise, and this is the reason for its robustness. In addition, observations may be non-stationary due to widespread sensor failures in practical engineering. To address this issue, we utilize an auxiliary variable to update the measurement noise variance (MNV). Thereby, the MNV is adaptively adjusted, which modifies the Kalman gain to mitigate the influence of non-stationary noise. The unknown parameters and states are updated online using the variational Bayesian (VB) framework. Target-tracking tests demonstrate that our method is more accurate than the comparison methods.
本文提出了一种新的变分培养卡尔曼滤波器(CKF),以提高对非平稳过程和测量噪声的鲁棒性。所提出的方法利用了分层高斯混合(HGM)和伽玛分布来实现这一目标。具体而言,我们提出了一种使用由多个子模型组成的新型HGM分布的状态预测模型,以增强对非平稳过程噪声的鲁棒性。我们利用遵循指数和逆wishart (IW)分布的辅助变量来调整子模型的协方差矩阵。采用Dirichlet分布和分类分布自适应混合分层高斯分布。混合分布可以处理正常和异常过程噪声的情况,这是其鲁棒性的原因。此外,由于实际工程中广泛存在的传感器故障,观测结果可能是非平稳的。为了解决这个问题,我们利用一个辅助变量来更新测量噪声方差(MNV)。因此,MNV是自适应调整的,它修改了卡尔曼增益以减轻非平稳噪声的影响。使用变分贝叶斯(VB)框架在线更新未知参数和状态。目标跟踪实验表明,该方法比对比方法更准确。
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引用次数: 0
A fault-tolerant target tracking localization algorithm based on extended dimension cubature kalman filter and variational bayesian 基于扩展维库卡尔曼滤波和变分贝叶斯的容错目标跟踪定位算法
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2025.110454
Zedong Liang , Lu Liu , Xiaomeng Zhang , Shuo Zhang , Jinliang Ding , Hongli Xu , Xiangyue Zhang , Qi Liu
In nonlinear non-Gaussian target tracking localization systems, measurement noise intensity and distribution states exhibit stochastic uncertainties induced by environmental disturbances and outliers. Existing filtering schemes necessitate simultaneous approximation of noise distribution and precise covariance modeling, invariably compromising computational efficiency while risking model mismatch-induced performance degradation. Therefore, this paper proposes a target tracking localization algorithm integrating jointly Extended Dimension Cubature Kalman Filter (ECKF) and Variational Bayesian (VB). Firstly, the dimension is extended by augmenting the state vectors of adjacent moments to reduce the iterative calculation time. Secondly, ECKF is used to update the propagation prior covariance matrix to realize state prediction and capture the state uncertainty under nonlinear transformation. Finally, based on the residual error judged by the Grubbs criterion, the VB modeling is used to optimize the measurement noise distribution state, and the posterior distribution of the state estimation is adjusted by combining the observation value and the variational inference to complete the state update and target tracking. Simulation and off-line results indicate that the ECKF-VB algorithm can ensure good target tracking localization accuracy and robustness under various measurement scenarios.
在非线性非高斯目标跟踪定位系统中,测量噪声强度和分布状态表现出由环境干扰和异常值引起的随机不确定性。现有的滤波方案需要同时逼近噪声分布和精确的协方差建模,这总是会损害计算效率,同时冒着模型不匹配导致性能下降的风险。为此,本文提出了一种结合扩展维Cubature Kalman Filter (ECKF)和变分贝叶斯(VB)的目标跟踪定位算法。首先,通过增加相邻矩的状态向量来扩展维数,减少迭代计算时间;其次,利用ECKF对传播先验协方差矩阵进行更新,实现状态预测,捕捉非线性变换下的状态不确定性;最后,基于Grubbs准则判断的残差,利用VB建模对测量噪声分布状态进行优化,结合观测值和变分推理对状态估计的后验分布进行调整,完成状态更新和目标跟踪。仿真和离线结果表明,ECKF-VB算法在各种测量场景下都能保证良好的目标跟踪定位精度和鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
Deep unfolding ADMM network for CS image reconstruction with long-Short term residuals 基于长短期残差的CS图像重建的深度展开ADMM网络
IF 3.6 2区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.sigpro.2025.110450
Junpeng Hao , Huang Bai , Xiumei Li , Jonatan Lerga , Junmei Sun
Deep learning has demonstrated exceptional learning capabilities, leading to the development various deep unfolding networks for image reconstruction. However, current deep unfolding networks often replace certain steps of traditional optimization algorithms with neural networks, thereby compromising the interpretability of the optimization algorithms. Additionally, each iteration in the unfolding process may result in certain image information loss, negatively impacting image reconstruction quality. This paper proposes a deep unfolding Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) network named LSRA-CSNet for compressive sensing image reconstruction, incorporating a long-short term residual optimization mechanism. The LSRA-CSNet is constructed by stacking multiple stages, with each stage consisting of a Fast ADMM Block (FAB) and a Residual Optimization Block (ROB). In FAB, inspired by the Woodbury matrix identity, we propose a fast version of the ADMM algorithm. Meanwhile, instead of replacing certain steps of the ADMM with neural networks, we leverage CNNs to replace some matrix operations. ROB consists of the Short-Term Residual Refinement Module (SRRM) and the Long-Term Residual Feedback Module (LRFM), which optimize the reconstruction details by leveraging inter-stage image residuals and multi-stage measurement residuals, respectively. Experiments on four datasets show the effectiveness of LSRA-CSNet, demonstrating superior reconstruction accuracy compared to existing CS image reconstruction networks.
深度学习已经展示了卓越的学习能力,导致了各种用于图像重建的深度展开网络的发展。然而,目前的深度展开网络经常用神经网络代替传统优化算法的某些步骤,从而损害了优化算法的可解释性。此外,展开过程中的每次迭代都可能导致一定的图像信息丢失,对图像重建质量产生负面影响。本文提出了一种深度展开交替方向乘子法(ADMM)网络——LSRA-CSNet,用于压缩感知图像重建,并结合了一种长短期残差优化机制。LSRA-CSNet由多个阶段叠加而成,每个阶段由快速ADMM块(FAB)和残差优化块(ROB)组成。在FAB中,受Woodbury矩阵恒等式的启发,我们提出了一种快速版本的ADMM算法。同时,我们不是用神经网络代替ADMM的某些步骤,而是利用cnn来代替一些矩阵运算。ROB由短期残差细化模块(SRRM)和长期残差反馈模块(LRFM)组成,分别利用级间图像残差和多级测量残差对重建细节进行优化。在4个数据集上的实验证明了LSRA-CSNet的有效性,与现有的CS图像重建网络相比,LSRA-CSNet的重建精度更高。
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引用次数: 0
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Signal Processing
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