Pub Date : 2013-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2013.812505
A. Hart, F. Fabris, Lachlan W. S. Strain, M. Davidson, Jamin Brown
A series of stock enhancement experiments were carried out on Haliotis laevigata populations. Methodologies included a large-scale BACI (before, after, control, impact) experiment (42 sites); a carrying capacity experiment, which involved a high-density release at two sites; and a detailed survey of abalone populations and ecological parameters. Increased densities were detected for most age classes, although fishing mortality began obscuring the effect by age 5+. Age-4+ animals showed the clearest result, with no difference between enhanced and control sites at 6, 12, and 18 months post-release, and then a 300% increase at enhanced sites at 30 months post-release. Overall, a single release of age-1+ animals in May 2006 had doubled the total density by November 2008. In the carrying capacity experiment, densities initially increased rapidly (by up to 800%) but had stabilized at a 400% increase after 2.5 years, at around 8 per m2. This was the predicted carrying capacity, with the enhanced cohort representing 50% of the population. A PERMANOVA (permutational multivariate analysis of variance) analysis of ecological similarity detected no effect of enhancement, although changes in algal percent of coverage were detected at both control and enhanced sites. Overall, this study suggests that as long as release densities are controlled within natural limits, successful stock enhancement can be attained for this species with minimal ecological impacts.
{"title":"Stock Enhancement in Greenlip Abalone Part II: Population and Ecological Effects","authors":"A. Hart, F. Fabris, Lachlan W. S. Strain, M. Davidson, Jamin Brown","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2013.812505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2013.812505","url":null,"abstract":"A series of stock enhancement experiments were carried out on Haliotis laevigata populations. Methodologies included a large-scale BACI (before, after, control, impact) experiment (42 sites); a carrying capacity experiment, which involved a high-density release at two sites; and a detailed survey of abalone populations and ecological parameters. Increased densities were detected for most age classes, although fishing mortality began obscuring the effect by age 5+. Age-4+ animals showed the clearest result, with no difference between enhanced and control sites at 6, 12, and 18 months post-release, and then a 300% increase at enhanced sites at 30 months post-release. Overall, a single release of age-1+ animals in May 2006 had doubled the total density by November 2008. In the carrying capacity experiment, densities initially increased rapidly (by up to 800%) but had stabilized at a 400% increase after 2.5 years, at around 8 per m2. This was the predicted carrying capacity, with the enhanced cohort representing 50% of the population. A PERMANOVA (permutational multivariate analysis of variance) analysis of ecological similarity detected no effect of enhancement, although changes in algal percent of coverage were detected at both control and enhanced sites. Overall, this study suggests that as long as release densities are controlled within natural limits, successful stock enhancement can be attained for this species with minimal ecological impacts.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2013.812505","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59681433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2013.800773
Roger G. Dolorosa, A. Grant, J. Gill
Intentional release of wild-caught individuals has been widely used to establish new populations of the commercially valuable but threatened reef gastropod Trochus niloticus in oceanic islands. Is this also a viable strategy to enhance depleted populations of this species and other marine invertebrates? We monitored growth and survival of 765 translocated individuals and 486 in their original habitat for 5–9 months. Individuals translocated to a severely overexploited reef (mainland Palawan) grew 2–3 times faster than those at Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park, Phillipines. Despite variations in growth between the three sites, survival probabilities were consistently high, ranging between 0.77 and 0.92. So translocation is feasible, and sites at which a species has previously been found are likely to be suitable for their growth and survival. If site management can control over-fishing, this approach is likely to be a valuable tool for enhancing field populations of a large invertebrates like Trochus that have a short lived planktonic larva.
{"title":"Translocation of Wild Trochus niloticus: Prospects for Enhancing Depleted Philippine Reefs","authors":"Roger G. Dolorosa, A. Grant, J. Gill","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2013.800773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2013.800773","url":null,"abstract":"Intentional release of wild-caught individuals has been widely used to establish new populations of the commercially valuable but threatened reef gastropod Trochus niloticus in oceanic islands. Is this also a viable strategy to enhance depleted populations of this species and other marine invertebrates? We monitored growth and survival of 765 translocated individuals and 486 in their original habitat for 5–9 months. Individuals translocated to a severely overexploited reef (mainland Palawan) grew 2–3 times faster than those at Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park, Phillipines. Despite variations in growth between the three sites, survival probabilities were consistently high, ranging between 0.77 and 0.92. So translocation is feasible, and sites at which a species has previously been found are likely to be suitable for their growth and survival. If site management can control over-fishing, this approach is likely to be a valuable tool for enhancing field populations of a large invertebrates like Trochus that have a short lived planktonic larva.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2013.800773","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2013.800781
K. Hamasaki, S. Kitada
The kuruma prawn, Penaeus japonicus is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific. The Japanese stock enhancement program, which produces and releases juvenile kuruma prawns into their natural habitat, started in 1964 and has expanded throughout Japan. The annual number of juveniles released ranged from approximately 240 to 300 million until the mid-1990s but then decreased steadily to approximately 105 million in 2008. National annual landings of kuruma prawns recovered to a record of 3,741 t in 1985 from 1,263 t in 1970 but then declined steadily to the historical minimum of 726 t in 2008. Thus, kuruma prawn catches have decreased dramatically despite the release of juveniles. The aim of this study is to analyze the catch fluctuation of kuruma prawns relative to ocean climate variability and the stock enhancement program. The effects of ocean climate on kuruma prawn stock sizes were evaluated by generalised additive models (GAMs). In the GAMs, catch-per-unit effort and catch data transformed to reduce the dependence of the amplitude of the catch fluctuation on the level of the catch were used as response variables, and three indices for ocean current conditions were used as explanatory variables: the Oyashio (cold current), the Kuroshio (warm current), and the Tsushima Warm Current. The GAM analysis suggested that kuruma prawn stock sizes declined during the period with a strong warm current intensity, and 42 mark-recapture surveys indicated an estimated average yield per release of 0.9 g. Our analysis highlights the fluctuation of kuruma prawn stocks with ocean climate variability and indicates that the stock enhancement program could have an impact on kuruma prawn catches depending on the magnitude of the releases. Ocean climate change, decreased fishing effort, and reduced hatchery releases could be responsible for the recent decline in kuruma prawn catches in Japanese waters.
{"title":"Catch Fluctuation of Kuruma Prawn, Penaeus japonicus in Japan Relative to Ocean Climate Variability and a Stock Enhancement Program","authors":"K. Hamasaki, S. Kitada","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2013.800781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2013.800781","url":null,"abstract":"The kuruma prawn, Penaeus japonicus is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific. The Japanese stock enhancement program, which produces and releases juvenile kuruma prawns into their natural habitat, started in 1964 and has expanded throughout Japan. The annual number of juveniles released ranged from approximately 240 to 300 million until the mid-1990s but then decreased steadily to approximately 105 million in 2008. National annual landings of kuruma prawns recovered to a record of 3,741 t in 1985 from 1,263 t in 1970 but then declined steadily to the historical minimum of 726 t in 2008. Thus, kuruma prawn catches have decreased dramatically despite the release of juveniles. The aim of this study is to analyze the catch fluctuation of kuruma prawns relative to ocean climate variability and the stock enhancement program. The effects of ocean climate on kuruma prawn stock sizes were evaluated by generalised additive models (GAMs). In the GAMs, catch-per-unit effort and catch data transformed to reduce the dependence of the amplitude of the catch fluctuation on the level of the catch were used as response variables, and three indices for ocean current conditions were used as explanatory variables: the Oyashio (cold current), the Kuroshio (warm current), and the Tsushima Warm Current. The GAM analysis suggested that kuruma prawn stock sizes declined during the period with a strong warm current intensity, and 42 mark-recapture surveys indicated an estimated average yield per release of 0.9 g. Our analysis highlights the fluctuation of kuruma prawn stocks with ocean climate variability and indicates that the stock enhancement program could have an impact on kuruma prawn catches depending on the magnitude of the releases. Ocean climate change, decreased fishing effort, and reduced hatchery releases could be responsible for the recent decline in kuruma prawn catches in Japanese waters.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2013.800781","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59681213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-03DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2012.760522
F. P. Cohen, W. Valenti, R. Calado
In the last decade, the trade of marine ornamental species has experienced a significant expansion worldwide; however, this industry still relies on a large number of unsustainable practices (e.g., cyanide fishing, overexploitation of target species) and needs to shift its operations urgently to avoid collapsing. Under this scenario, traceability and certification emerge as important management tools that may help this industry to shift toward sustainability. This industry relies on the trade of thousands of small-sized species that are traded live on a unitary basis with high market value. These features, along with a fragmented and complex supply chain, make the traceability of marine ornamental species a challenging task. This study presents the most commonly used methods to trace aquatic organisms and discusses their suitability to trace marine ornamental species. The use of bacterial fingerprints appears to be the most promising method to successfully trace marine ornamentals, but it is most likely that a combination of two or more traceability methods need to be implemented to cover all the unique features displayed by the live trade of marine ornamental species.
{"title":"Traceability Issues in the Trade of Marine Ornamental Species","authors":"F. P. Cohen, W. Valenti, R. Calado","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2012.760522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2012.760522","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, the trade of marine ornamental species has experienced a significant expansion worldwide; however, this industry still relies on a large number of unsustainable practices (e.g., cyanide fishing, overexploitation of target species) and needs to shift its operations urgently to avoid collapsing. Under this scenario, traceability and certification emerge as important management tools that may help this industry to shift toward sustainability. This industry relies on the trade of thousands of small-sized species that are traded live on a unitary basis with high market value. These features, along with a fragmented and complex supply chain, make the traceability of marine ornamental species a challenging task. This study presents the most commonly used methods to trace aquatic organisms and discusses their suitability to trace marine ornamental species. The use of bacterial fingerprints appears to be the most promising method to successfully trace marine ornamentals, but it is most likely that a combination of two or more traceability methods need to be implemented to cover all the unique features displayed by the live trade of marine ornamental species.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2012.760522","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-03DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2013.790340
A. Bouwman, A. Beusen, C. Overbeek, D. Bureau, M. Pawłowski, P. Glibert
A global model is used to calculate feed and nutrient budgets for freshwater and marine omnivorous and carnivorous aquacultural finfish production. The model uses national production data for the period 1970–2010 and the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment scenarios for production and management for 2010–2050. Results indicate that annual nutrient release to the freshwater (1.2 million tonnes of N and 0.1 million tonnes of P in 2010) and marine aquatic environments (0.3 million tonnes of N and 0.05 million tonnes of P) increased less rapidly than fish production, mainly due to improving feed conversion. In the coming five decades, annual nutrient release to freshwater environments may increase to 1.5–2.1 million tonnes of N and 0.1–0.2 million tonnes of P, depending on the production scenario and assumptions on feed conversion and the share of integrated aquacultural production. At present, the global contribution of freshwater aquaculture to nutrient loading of rivers is small. This is the same conclusion reached for the assessment of nutrient export from shellfish aquaculture (Bouwman et al., 2011). However, particularly in Asia, nutrient loading from freshwater fish production and from seaweed and shellfish production is an important factor that should be accounted for when developing models for estimating river nutrient export. Compared to chicken meat and egg production, freshwater aquaculture is a rapidly growing and important cause of the anthropogenic acceleration of the N and P cycles in many parts of the world, and this is especially pronounced in Asia.
一个全球模型用于计算淡水和海洋杂食性和肉食性水产养殖鱼类生产的饲料和营养预算。该模型使用1970-2010年的国家生产数据和千年生态系统评估2010-2050年的生产和管理情景。结果表明，淡水(2010年为120万吨N和10万吨P)和海洋水生环境(30万吨N和0.05万吨P)的年养分释放量的增长速度低于鱼类产量，这主要是由于饲料转化率的提高。在未来50年，每年向淡水环境释放的养分可能增加到150万至210万吨氮和10万至20万吨磷，具体取决于生产情景和饲料转化率的假设以及综合水产养殖生产的份额。目前，全球淡水养殖对河流营养负荷的贡献很小。这与贝类养殖的营养输出评估得出的结论相同(Bouwman et al.， 2011)。但是，特别是在亚洲，淡水鱼生产以及海藻和贝类生产的营养负荷是在开发估算河流营养输出模型时应考虑的一个重要因素。与鸡肉和鸡蛋生产相比，淡水水产养殖是世界许多地区快速增长和人为加速氮和磷循环的重要原因，这在亚洲尤为明显。
{"title":"Hindcasts and Future Projections of Global Inland and Coastal Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loads Due to Finfish Aquaculture","authors":"A. Bouwman, A. Beusen, C. Overbeek, D. Bureau, M. Pawłowski, P. Glibert","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2013.790340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2013.790340","url":null,"abstract":"A global model is used to calculate feed and nutrient budgets for freshwater and marine omnivorous and carnivorous aquacultural finfish production. The model uses national production data for the period 1970–2010 and the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment scenarios for production and management for 2010–2050. Results indicate that annual nutrient release to the freshwater (1.2 million tonnes of N and 0.1 million tonnes of P in 2010) and marine aquatic environments (0.3 million tonnes of N and 0.05 million tonnes of P) increased less rapidly than fish production, mainly due to improving feed conversion. In the coming five decades, annual nutrient release to freshwater environments may increase to 1.5–2.1 million tonnes of N and 0.1–0.2 million tonnes of P, depending on the production scenario and assumptions on feed conversion and the share of integrated aquacultural production. At present, the global contribution of freshwater aquaculture to nutrient loading of rivers is small. This is the same conclusion reached for the assessment of nutrient export from shellfish aquaculture (Bouwman et al., 2011). However, particularly in Asia, nutrient loading from freshwater fish production and from seaweed and shellfish production is an important factor that should be accounted for when developing models for estimating river nutrient export. Compared to chicken meat and egg production, freshwater aquaculture is a rapidly growing and important cause of the anthropogenic acceleration of the N and P cycles in many parts of the world, and this is especially pronounced in Asia.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2013.790340","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-03DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2013.793284
J. L. Cort, S. Deguara, T. Galaz, B. Mèlich, I. Artetxe, I. Arregi, J. Neilson, I. Andrushchenko, A. Hanke, Miguel Neves dos Santos, V. Estruch, M. Lutcavage, J. Knapp, G. Compeán-Jiménez, R. Solana-Sansores, A. Belmonte, D. Martínez, C. Piccinetti, A. Kimoto, P. Addis, M. Velasco, J. M. de la Serna, D. Godoy, Tevfik Ceyhan, I. Oray, S. Karakulak, L. Nøttestad, A. López, Oriol Ribalta, N. Abid, M. Idrissi
A meta-analysis of the straight fork lengths (herewith abbreviated as L) of 2,458,028 Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus (L.), taken from 224 scientific publications and unpublished L data from scientific organizations and fishing companies spanning most of the known Atlantic and Mediterranean Atlantic bluefin tuna fisheries dating from 1605 to 2011, give L values ranging from L min = 20 cm and L max = 330 cm. The results indicate that the parameter L ∞ = 318.85 cm of the growth equation used by ICCAT's Standing Committee on Research and Statistics Atlantic bluefin tuna assessment group for the eastern stock (Lt = 318.85 [1 – e−0.093 (t + 0.97)]) lies within the confidence limits of the maximum Ls presented in the study: L max = 319.93 ± 11.3 cm, confirming that this equation perfectly fits the biology of the growth of this species. These conclusions are also valid for the equation for the western stock (Lt = 314.90 [1 – e−0.089 (t +1.13)]). The ICCAT Atlantic bluefin tuna database contains numerous records of Atlantic bluefin tuna L outside the biological feasibility, and solutions are provided to recognize and remove these outliers based on the application of fixed values of Fulton's condition factor (K) between 1.4 and 2.6 and appropriate L-W relationships to correct this situation in the future.
对24458028条大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼(Thunnus thynnus, L.)的直叉长度(简称L)进行了荟萃分析，这些数据来自于224篇科学出版物和未发表的L数据，这些数据来自于科学组织和渔业公司，涵盖了1605年至2011年大多数已知的大西洋和地中海大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼渔场，L值从L min = 20 cm到L max = 330 cm不等。结果表明，ICCAT研究与统计常务委员会大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼东部种群评估小组使用的生长方程参数L∞= 318.85 cm (Lt = 318.85 [1 - e−0.093 (t + 0.97)])在本研究提出的最大Ls的置信限内:L max = 319.93±11.3 cm，证实该方程完全符合该物种生长的生物学特性。这些结论也适用于西部股票(Lt = 314.90 [1 - e−0.089 (t +1.13)])的方程。ICCAT大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼数据库中包含大量生物可行性之外的大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼L记录，并基于应用Fulton条件因子(K)在1.4 ~ 2.6之间的固定值和适当的L- w关系，提供识别和去除这些异常值的解决方案，以纠正未来的这种情况。
{"title":"Determination of L max for Atlantic Bluefin Tuna, Thunnus thynnus (L.), from Meta-Analysis of Published and Available Biometric Data","authors":"J. L. Cort, S. Deguara, T. Galaz, B. Mèlich, I. Artetxe, I. Arregi, J. Neilson, I. Andrushchenko, A. Hanke, Miguel Neves dos Santos, V. Estruch, M. Lutcavage, J. Knapp, G. Compeán-Jiménez, R. Solana-Sansores, A. Belmonte, D. Martínez, C. Piccinetti, A. Kimoto, P. Addis, M. Velasco, J. M. de la Serna, D. Godoy, Tevfik Ceyhan, I. Oray, S. Karakulak, L. Nøttestad, A. López, Oriol Ribalta, N. Abid, M. Idrissi","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2013.793284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2013.793284","url":null,"abstract":"A meta-analysis of the straight fork lengths (herewith abbreviated as L) of 2,458,028 Atlantic bluefin tuna, Thunnus thynnus (L.), taken from 224 scientific publications and unpublished L data from scientific organizations and fishing companies spanning most of the known Atlantic and Mediterranean Atlantic bluefin tuna fisheries dating from 1605 to 2011, give L values ranging from L min = 20 cm and L max = 330 cm. The results indicate that the parameter L ∞ = 318.85 cm of the growth equation used by ICCAT's Standing Committee on Research and Statistics Atlantic bluefin tuna assessment group for the eastern stock (Lt = 318.85 [1 – e−0.093 (t + 0.97)]) lies within the confidence limits of the maximum Ls presented in the study: L max = 319.93 ± 11.3 cm, confirming that this equation perfectly fits the biology of the growth of this species. These conclusions are also valid for the equation for the western stock (Lt = 314.90 [1 – e−0.089 (t +1.13)]). The ICCAT Atlantic bluefin tuna database contains numerous records of Atlantic bluefin tuna L outside the biological feasibility, and solutions are provided to recognize and remove these outliers based on the application of fixed values of Fulton's condition factor (K) between 1.4 and 2.6 and appropriate L-W relationships to correct this situation in the future.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2013.793284","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-03DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2013.785475
P. Large, D. Agnew, José Angel Alvarez Perez, C. Barrio Froján, R. Cloete, D. Damalas, L. Dransfeld, C. Edwards, S. Feist, I. Figueiredo, F. González, J. G. Herrera, A. Kenny, K. Jakobsdóttir, M. Longshaw, P. Lorance, P. Marchal, C. Mytilineou, B. Planque, Chrissi-Yianna Politou
Scientific interest in deep-water marine resources has increased dramatically over the last 10–20 years as management bodies have sought advice on how to manage deep-water fisheries and protect deep-water ecosystems. The strengths and weaknesses of the management and monitoring of deep-water stocks, fisheries, and ecosystems in various areas of the world are described, with the objective of informing the EU FP7 DEEPFISHMAN project so that it can fulfill its primary aim, which is to develop strategic options for a short- and long-term management and monitoring ecosystem-based framework for the northeast Atlantic. To provide a baseline, the current monitoring and management regime in the northeast Atlantic is reviewed, followed by a brief description of the regimes applying to deep-water fisheries in the northwest Atlantic, the southeast Atlantic, off Brazil, in the Antarctic, off Australia and New Zealand, and in the Mediterranean. The strengths and weaknesses of these are discussed, taking into account additional information available from DEEPFISHMAN case study stocks, outcomes from consultations with stakeholders in the deep-water fishing industry in the northeast Atlantic, and the requirements of EU regulations and developing policy that will likely impact deep-water fisheries in the northeast Atlantic.
{"title":"Strengths and Weaknesses of the Management and Monitoring of Deep-Water Stocks, Fisheries, and Ecosystems in Various Areas of the World—A Roadmap Toward Sustainable Deep-Water Fisheries in the Northeast Atlantic?","authors":"P. Large, D. Agnew, José Angel Alvarez Perez, C. Barrio Froján, R. Cloete, D. Damalas, L. Dransfeld, C. Edwards, S. Feist, I. Figueiredo, F. González, J. G. Herrera, A. Kenny, K. Jakobsdóttir, M. Longshaw, P. Lorance, P. Marchal, C. Mytilineou, B. Planque, Chrissi-Yianna Politou","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2013.785475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2013.785475","url":null,"abstract":"Scientific interest in deep-water marine resources has increased dramatically over the last 10–20 years as management bodies have sought advice on how to manage deep-water fisheries and protect deep-water ecosystems. The strengths and weaknesses of the management and monitoring of deep-water stocks, fisheries, and ecosystems in various areas of the world are described, with the objective of informing the EU FP7 DEEPFISHMAN project so that it can fulfill its primary aim, which is to develop strategic options for a short- and long-term management and monitoring ecosystem-based framework for the northeast Atlantic. To provide a baseline, the current monitoring and management regime in the northeast Atlantic is reviewed, followed by a brief description of the regimes applying to deep-water fisheries in the northwest Atlantic, the southeast Atlantic, off Brazil, in the Antarctic, off Australia and New Zealand, and in the Mediterranean. The strengths and weaknesses of these are discussed, taking into account additional information available from DEEPFISHMAN case study stocks, outcomes from consultations with stakeholders in the deep-water fishing industry in the northeast Atlantic, and the requirements of EU regulations and developing policy that will likely impact deep-water fisheries in the northeast Atlantic.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2013.785475","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-05DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2012.754842
J. Neilson, F. Arocha, S. Cass-Calay, J. Mejuto, M. Ortiz, G. Scott, Craig Smith, P. Travassos, G. Tserpes, I. Andrushchenko
Regional fisheries management organizations (RFMO) are often criticized for ineffectual management of high-seas fisheries resources. However, in the case of the two Atlantic swordfish stocks occurring in the North and South Atlantic, those stocks have rebuilt to the BMSY objective of the responsible RFMO, the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT). The relative contribution of the management actions of the RFMO and biological characteristics of swordfish stocks are evaluated in relation to the recovery of the stocks. It is concluded that while swordfish have characteristics that promote stock resilience (including relatively fast growth, and spatially- and temporally-dispersed spawning), positive management actions combined with a period of relatively good recruitment were essential to achieve the rebuilt outcome. The challenges that the RFMO faces to maintain the stocks in the rebuilt condition are described, and some possible additional measures discussed.
{"title":"The Recovery of Atlantic Swordfish: The Comparative Roles of the Regional Fisheries Management Organization and Species Biology","authors":"J. Neilson, F. Arocha, S. Cass-Calay, J. Mejuto, M. Ortiz, G. Scott, Craig Smith, P. Travassos, G. Tserpes, I. Andrushchenko","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2012.754842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2012.754842","url":null,"abstract":"Regional fisheries management organizations (RFMO) are often criticized for ineffectual management of high-seas fisheries resources. However, in the case of the two Atlantic swordfish stocks occurring in the North and South Atlantic, those stocks have rebuilt to the BMSY objective of the responsible RFMO, the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT). The relative contribution of the management actions of the RFMO and biological characteristics of swordfish stocks are evaluated in relation to the recovery of the stocks. It is concluded that while swordfish have characteristics that promote stock resilience (including relatively fast growth, and spatially- and temporally-dispersed spawning), positive management actions combined with a period of relatively good recruitment were essential to achieve the rebuilt outcome. The challenges that the RFMO faces to maintain the stocks in the rebuilt condition are described, and some possible additional measures discussed.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2012.754842","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2012.753405
A. Tacon, M. Metian
In a world where nearly 30% of humanity is suffering from malnutrition and over 70% of the planet is covered with water, aquatic foods represent an essential component of the global food basket to improve the nutrition, health, and well being of all peoples. It is not by chance that Japan, the country with one of the world's highest reported life expectancies and lowest incidences of obesity and deaths from heart related illnesses, is also one of the world's top consumers of captured and farmed aquatic animal food products and aquatic plants. According to the FAO, in 2009, total captured and farmed aquatic animal food products accounted for 16.6% of the global population's intake of animal protein, providing more than three billion people with almost 20% of their average per capita intake of animal protein, and 4.3 billion people with at least 15% of such protein. This article reviews the nutritional composition of different farmed and captured aquatic food products and compares these with conventional terrestrial meat products. In addition to the superior nutritional profile and benefits of aquatic animal food products, small-sized marine pelagic fish play an important role in the nutrition of the poor as an affordable and much needed source of high quality animal protein and essential amino acids, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. As one of the best aquatic animal foods from a nutritional perspective, the direct consumption of small pelagic fish should be encouraged and promoted, as apposed to the continued targeted use of these species for reduction into fishmeal and fish oil for use in animal feeds.
{"title":"Fish Matters: Importance of Aquatic Foods in Human Nutrition and Global Food Supply","authors":"A. Tacon, M. Metian","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2012.753405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2012.753405","url":null,"abstract":"In a world where nearly 30% of humanity is suffering from malnutrition and over 70% of the planet is covered with water, aquatic foods represent an essential component of the global food basket to improve the nutrition, health, and well being of all peoples. It is not by chance that Japan, the country with one of the world's highest reported life expectancies and lowest incidences of obesity and deaths from heart related illnesses, is also one of the world's top consumers of captured and farmed aquatic animal food products and aquatic plants. According to the FAO, in 2009, total captured and farmed aquatic animal food products accounted for 16.6% of the global population's intake of animal protein, providing more than three billion people with almost 20% of their average per capita intake of animal protein, and 4.3 billion people with at least 15% of such protein. This article reviews the nutritional composition of different farmed and captured aquatic food products and compares these with conventional terrestrial meat products. In addition to the superior nutritional profile and benefits of aquatic animal food products, small-sized marine pelagic fish play an important role in the nutrition of the poor as an affordable and much needed source of high quality animal protein and essential amino acids, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. As one of the best aquatic animal foods from a nutritional perspective, the direct consumption of small pelagic fish should be encouraged and promoted, as apposed to the continued targeted use of these species for reduction into fishmeal and fish oil for use in animal feeds.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2012.753405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-01-01DOI: 10.1080/10641262.2012.753403
E. Petersen, Dam Thi My Chinh, N. T. Diu, V. Phuoc, Truong Ha Phuong, N. Dung, Nguyen Khac Dat, P. T. Giang, B. Glencross
This article presents technical and bioeconomic information on culture-based grow-out production of groupers in Vietnam. Grouper farming has good future potential as a viable alternative livelihood for fishers. It is found to be very profitable for cage farmers in northern Vietnam and marginally profitable for cage and pond farmers in central Vietnam. Productivity and total revenue are highest in the north, reflecting relatively high stocking rates, aquaculture area, and harvest prices. Cost per unit production is highest for centrally located cage farmers. The dominant cost sources for these farms are feed (40–60% of total costs) and, to a lesser extent, seed (20%) and labor (12–19%). The feed conversion ratios for these systems, where grouper are fed exclusively low-value finfish, is calculated to be 9 in the north and 12 in the center. It seems that improving the livelihood of grouper farmers in Vietnam is dependent on reducing their dependence on wild stocks for seed and feed, and increasing area and growout time for central farmers. If pellets are to be widely adopted by grouper farmers, perceptions regarding the poor adaptability, relatively slow growth rates compared with low-value finfish, and poor availability of pellets need to be overcome.
{"title":"Bioeconomics of Grouper, Serranidae: Epinephelinae, Culture in Vietnam","authors":"E. Petersen, Dam Thi My Chinh, N. T. Diu, V. Phuoc, Truong Ha Phuong, N. Dung, Nguyen Khac Dat, P. T. Giang, B. Glencross","doi":"10.1080/10641262.2012.753403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2012.753403","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents technical and bioeconomic information on culture-based grow-out production of groupers in Vietnam. Grouper farming has good future potential as a viable alternative livelihood for fishers. It is found to be very profitable for cage farmers in northern Vietnam and marginally profitable for cage and pond farmers in central Vietnam. Productivity and total revenue are highest in the north, reflecting relatively high stocking rates, aquaculture area, and harvest prices. Cost per unit production is highest for centrally located cage farmers. The dominant cost sources for these farms are feed (40–60% of total costs) and, to a lesser extent, seed (20%) and labor (12–19%). The feed conversion ratios for these systems, where grouper are fed exclusively low-value finfish, is calculated to be 9 in the north and 12 in the center. It seems that improving the livelihood of grouper farmers in Vietnam is dependent on reducing their dependence on wild stocks for seed and feed, and increasing area and growout time for central farmers. If pellets are to be widely adopted by grouper farmers, perceptions regarding the poor adaptability, relatively slow growth rates compared with low-value finfish, and poor availability of pellets need to be overcome.","PeriodicalId":49627,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Fisheries Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10641262.2012.753403","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59680836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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