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US Beef Cattle Inventory Trends With Implications for Land Use and Rangelands 美国肉牛库存趋势及其对土地利用和牧场的影响

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.01.007

Hana Fancher , Amy Nagler , John Ritten , J.D. Wulfhorst

The US beef industry faces multiple challenges to social sustainability and community security, manifesting differently across regions, states, communities, and operations. Using industry-related economic data, we explore a spatial history leading to the current relationship between the number of cattle and the number and size of producers.

Cattle inventory alongside beef production data provides evidence of how the industry has become more efficient. Considering inventory by region and sector allows a more nuanced understanding. At the broadest scale, we document trends of cattle moving northward to the central part of the country as well as into more concentrated operations.

Animals are not dispersed equally across various cattle production operations. Over time, the beef industry has changed to include fewer total operations and a greater proportion of smaller cattle operations. Again, there is notable spatial variation, with a greater proportion of large ranches in western regions compared with eastern regions.

The combination of cattle inventory and operation size – the tension between resilience and efficiency – will affect the trajectory, viability, and security of the industry. One of the most defining features of the industry is the diversity of operations that enables the industry to thrive in the face of evolving challenges.

Amidst these challenges and the shifting structure of beef production, millions of acres of grazing lands face potential land-use changes, with increased stock densities in some areas and loss of grazing animals in others. Understanding historical and spatial trends in cattle inventories and operations allows cattle producers and industry partners to better face risk implications and adapt to changes in regional production and marketing infrastructure, with clear implications for rangeland management needs.

美国牛肉产业面临着社会可持续性和社区安全的多重挑战，在不同地区、州、社区和运营中表现不同。利用与产业相关的经济数据，我们探索了一个空间历史，导致牛的数量和生产者的数量和规模之间的当前关系。牛的库存和牛肉生产数据提供了该行业如何变得更有效率的证据。按地区和行业来考虑库存可以让我们有更细致的了解。在最广泛的范围内，我们记录了牛向北移动到该国中部地区以及进入更集中的操作的趋势。动物并没有均匀地分布在不同的牛生产操作中。随着时间的推移，牛肉产业发生了变化，包括更少的总操作和更大比例的小型牛操作。同样存在显著的空间差异，西部地区大牧场比例高于东部地区。牲畜存栏量和经营规模的结合——弹性和效率之间的紧张关系——将影响该行业的发展轨迹、生存能力和安全性。该行业最显著的特征之一是运营的多样性，这使该行业能够在不断变化的挑战中蓬勃发展。在这些挑战和牛肉生产结构的转变中，数百万英亩的牧场面临着土地利用的潜在变化，一些地区的牲畜密度增加，另一些地区的放牧动物减少。了解牛库存和经营的历史和空间趋势，可以使牛生产者和行业合作伙伴更好地面对风险影响并适应区域生产和销售基础设施的变化，这对牧场管理需求具有明确的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Simulated Impacts of Stocking Rate and Climate Change Impact on Biomass and Livestock Weight Dynamics in Savanna Grassland 载畜率和气候变化对热带稀树草原生物量和牲畜体重动态的模拟影响

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.10.004

Yeneayehu Fenetahun , Wang Yongdong , You Yuan , Ogbue Chukwuka , Yahaya Ibrahim , Xu Xinwen

Savanna grasslands are important ecosystems on a worldwide scale, supporting human livelihoods through grazing while serving as habitats for a variety of flora and wildlife. In this research, the complex interactions between climate change, grazing patterns, and their combined effects on the dynamics of livestock weight and biomass in savanna ecosystems are examined by using Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum System (SPACSYS) model. Three stocking rates were utilized for the treatment sites where samples were collected in the grazing experiment: no-grazed (NG) (0 TLU/ha/Y), moderately grazed (MG) (2 TLU/ha/Y), and over grazed (OG) (4 TLU/ha/Y and above). Using various stoking rates, the aboveground biomass of the grass species and changes in livestock weight were predicted under three typical concentration pathways (RCP) scenarios (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, and RCP 8.5), which mostly focused on the severe drought period running from 2020 to 2023. Our results highlight the importance of grazing management techniques for mitigating the negative impacts of climate change on livestock productivity and biomass output. In addition, we stress the crucial importance of adaptive management strategies that consider socioeconomic and ecological aspects to assure the sustainability and resilience of savanna grassland ecosystems in the face environmental change.

稀树草原是世界范围内重要的生态系统，通过放牧支持人类生计，同时也是各种植物和野生动物的栖息地。本文采用土壤-植物-大气连续统（SPACSYS）模型，研究了气候变化与放牧模式之间的复杂相互作用及其对草原生态系统牲畜体重和生物量动态的综合影响。放牧试验采集样地采用3种放养率：不放牧（NG）（0 TLU/ha/Y）、中度放牧（MG）（2 TLU/ha/Y）和过度放牧（OG）（4 TLU/ha/Y及以上）。以2020 ~ 2023年严重干旱期为研究对象，利用不同的放养率，预测了3种典型浓度路径（RCP 2.6、RCP 4.5和RCP 8.5）下草种地上生物量和牲畜体重的变化。我们的研究结果强调了放牧管理技术对于减轻气候变化对牲畜生产力和生物量产出的负面影响的重要性。此外，我们强调考虑社会经济和生态方面的适应性管理战略对于确保热带稀树草原生态系统在面临环境变化时的可持续性和复原力至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamics of Land Use Changes and Eco-efficiency of Pastoralists in Northern Iran 伊朗北部牧民土地利用变化动态与生态效率

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.08.016

Masoumeh Arabollah Firozjah, Azar Sheikhzeinoddin, Mohammad Bakhshoodeh, Mansour Zibaei

Rangeland degradation caused by overgrazing and land use change poses a major threat to ecological sustainability and pastoral livelihoods in northern Iran. This study investigates land use dynamics and grazing intensity in Mazandaran province, addressing two key questions: (1) how will rangeland land use evolve under current grazing pressures? and (2) how do these changes affect pastoral eco-efficiency? The study area encompasses six land use categories: forest, barren land, good, moderate, and poor rangelands, and built-up areas. Using CA-Markov modeling, we project substantial declines in forest cover and good/moderate rangelands by 2051. Environmental vulnerability was assessed with the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), and pastoralists’ eco-efficiency was evaluated via a directional semi-oriented radial DEA model, incorporating desirable (livestock profit margin ratio) and undesirable (pasture degradation) outputs. Tobit regression identified grazing intensity and management practices as key determinants. Results indicate that the average eco-efficiency of 256 pastoralists was only 0.43, reflecting a strong inverse relationship with environmental vulnerability and underscoring urgent institutional and managerial shortcomings. These findings highlight the need for targeted rangeland management, sustainable fodder cultivation, and controlled grazing strategies to safeguard natural resources and pastoral livelihoods.

过度放牧和土地利用变化导致的牧场退化对伊朗北部的生态可持续性和牧民生计构成重大威胁。本研究调查了马赞达兰省土地利用动态和放牧强度，解决了两个关键问题：(1)在当前放牧压力下，牧场土地利用将如何演变？(2)这些变化如何影响牧区生态效率？研究区域包括六个土地利用类别：森林、荒地、良好、中等和不良的牧场和建成区。利用CA-Markov模型，我们预测到2051年森林覆盖率和良好/中等牧场将大幅下降。采用模糊层次分析法（FAHP）评价环境脆弱性，采用半定向径向DEA模型评价牧民生态效率，并结合理想产出（牲畜利润率）和不良产出（牧场退化）。Tobit回归确定放牧强度和管理措施是关键的决定因素。结果表明，256名牧民的平均生态效率仅为0.43，与环境脆弱性呈强烈的负相关关系，凸显了制度和管理方面的迫切不足。这些发现强调了有针对性的牧场管理、可持续饲料种植和控制放牧战略的必要性，以保护自然资源和牧民生计。

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引用次数: 0

Editorial Board/Journal Info 编辑委员会/期刊信息

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1550-7424(25)00160-5

引用次数: 0

Critical Precipitation Months Across the Western United States 美国西部的临界降水月

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.10.003

Grace Campbell, Tonya Haigh

Critical dates are timely points in the annual management cycle that help land managers identify when to implement different phases of their drought management plans. Critical dates related to grazing decisions may be identified based on key relationships between seasonal precipitation and total forage production for the year. In this paper, we explore whether critical months for precipitation may be identified from analysis of precipitation and forage relationships at broad geographic scales and using remotely sensed data to estimate forage production and precipitation. To explore these regional relationships, we used a stepwise linear regression model focused on monthly precipitation (mm) to predict annual forage (kg-ha⁻¹) across 121 Major Land Resource Areas (MLRAs) in the Great Plains and western United States. The results are months of precipitation that have the most statistically significant relationship with herbage production, also called “critical months,” in each MLRA. The strongest statistical relationships between precipitation and total annual herbage production occur in MLRAs located along the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains, the Southern Plains, and Southwest. A weak to lack of relationship is generally found for MLRAs located in the Pacific Northwest and at high elevations. This study’s findings can help inform guidance for ranchers who want to take a more proactive approach to grazing and drought management by helping set critical dates based on precipitation timing criteria.

关键日期是年度管理周期中的及时点，帮助土地管理者确定何时实施其干旱管理计划的不同阶段。根据季节降水和全年牧草总产量之间的关键关系，可以确定与放牧决策有关的关键日期。在本文中，我们通过分析大地理尺度上的降水和草料关系，并利用遥感数据估算草料产量和降水量，探讨是否可以确定降水的关键月份。为了探索这些区域关系，我们使用了一个以月降水量（mm）为中心的逐步线性回归模型来预测美国大平原和西部121个主要土地资源区（MLRAs）的年饲料量（kg-ha−1）。结果是，在每个MLRA中，降水月份与牧草产量的统计关系最显著，也称为“关键月份”。降水与年牧草总产量之间的统计关系最强的是位于落基山脉前山脉、南部平原和西南部的mlra。位于太平洋西北部和高海拔地区的mlra通常存在弱或缺乏关系。这项研究的发现可以帮助指导那些希望采取更积极主动的放牧和干旱管理方法的牧场主，帮助他们根据降水时间标准设定关键日期。

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引用次数: 0

Cost-Effectiveness of Linear Fuel Breaks in Wildfire Management: A Case Study from Southern Idaho 野火管理中线性燃料中断的成本效益：来自爱达荷州南部的案例研究

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.09.012

Aaron Johnston, Kayla Johnston, Katherine D. Lee

Across the western United States, wildfires have increased in both size and frequency, underscoring the need for cost-effective strategies to mitigate risk and support fire suppression efforts. Linear fuel breaks (LFBs)—strips of land where vegetative fuels are removed or modified—are intended to reduce flame lengths, slow fire spread, and improve access and safety for fire crews. The Bureau of Land Management (BLM) plans to expand its network of LFBs in the Great Basin by over 17 000 km. However, uncertainties remain regarding their effectiveness in reducing wildfire-related impacts. To address this knowledge gap, we estimate avoided wildfire costs attributable to fuel breaks in the Twin Falls BLM District of south-central Idaho. Our analysis focuses on the 2019 Pothole fire, which was contained in part due to the presence of LFBs. By developing a counterfactual simulated scenario in which the fire did not intersect the fuel breaks and using historic data on suppression expenditures, postfire rehabilitation costs, and grazing-related forage losses, we estimate the net economic benefits associated with fuel break presence. This case study provides actionable insights for land managers by quantifying the potential cost savings from fuel break infrastructure. Our findings indicate that in the northern Great Basin, LFBs may significantly reduce wildfire management costs, supporting their strategic deployment as part of a broader landscape-scale fire mitigation approach.

在整个美国西部，野火的规模和频率都在增加，强调需要具有成本效益的战略来降低风险并支持灭火工作。线性燃料隔离带（lfb）——植物燃料被移除或改造的狭长土地——旨在缩短火焰长度，减缓火势蔓延，并改善消防人员的通道和安全性。土地管理局（BLM）计划将其在大盆地的lfb网络扩大17000多公里。然而，它们在减少野火相关影响方面的有效性仍然存在不确定性。为了解决这一知识差距，我们估计了爱达荷州中南部双瀑布BLM区因燃料中断而避免的野火成本。我们的分析重点是2019年的Pothole火灾，部分原因是lfb的存在。通过开发一个反事实的模拟场景，其中火灾没有与燃料中断相交，并使用有关灭火支出、火灾后恢复成本和放牧相关的饲料损失的历史数据，我们估计了与燃料中断存在相关的净经济效益。本案例研究通过量化燃料中断基础设施的潜在成本节约，为土地管理者提供了可操作的见解。我们的研究结果表明，在大盆地北部，lfb可以显著降低野火管理成本，支持其作为更广泛的景观规模火灾缓解方法的一部分的战略部署。

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引用次数: 0

Managing Guinea Grass Invasion With Cattle Grazing: Thresholds and Native Plant Recovery Across Rainfall Variability 放牧管理几内亚草入侵：降雨变异性下的阈值和本地植物恢复

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.10.006

Aaron C. Rhodes , Kathryn E. Tisshaw , Robert M. Plowes , Eric Grahmann , Jimmy Rutledge , Bart Dupont , Lawrence E. Gilbert

Invasive grasses are altering ecosystems at an alarming scale, and precipitation variability will likely exacerbate change in invaded grasslands. Targeted grazing can mitigate the invasiveness of palatable invasive grasses, benefiting native plant communities and wildlife. This study examines the impact of targeted grazing on invasive Guinea grass (Megathyrsus maximus), a C4 perennial grass introduced for forage. Over 4 years, we studied cattle effects on Guinea grass in eight pastures on a 20,000-ha working ranch, across variable Guinea grass, precipitation, and cattle utilization characteristics. Our results demonstrate that targeted grazing surpassing 50% of Guinea grass tillers grazed reduces Guinea grass productivity, reproduction, and thatch accumulation, promoting native plant communities. We found that precipitation and cattle grazing interacted to mediate these effects. During wetter periods, grazing 50% of Guinea grass tillers reduced grass height from 85 cm to 55 cm ± 5.4SE. Guinea grass thatch was reduced by cattle grazing, likely through consumption and trampling, indirectly benefiting native plants. Precipitation and grazing together enhanced Shannon diversity more than either factor alone. For example, at 300 mm of rain and 50% tiller grazing, Shannon diversity increased by 40% (from 0.46 to 0.65 ± 0.14SE). This effect may be due to Guinea grass's resource competition and thatch production. Higher precipitation required more cattle to achieve 50% tillers grazed during wetter survey periods, as measured by camera traps. In contrast, grazing was effective during dry seasons when Guinea grass was likely water-stressed. A Canonical Correlation Analysis differentiated Guinea grass from the rest of the grassland plant community, revealing positive and negative associations with key species: Prosopis glandulosa (CCA1 = 0.0511) and Ambrosia psilostachya (CCA1 = –0.0514). Our findings suggest that targeted grazing and monitoring precipitation patterns can effectively manage Guinea grass and promote native plant diversity in invaded rangelands.

入侵草地正在以惊人的规模改变生态系统，而降水变异性可能会加剧入侵草地的变化。有针对性的放牧可以减轻美味入侵草的入侵，使本地植物群落和野生动物受益。本研究探讨了定向放牧对入侵几内亚草（Megathyrsus maximus）的影响，这是一种C4多年生牧草。在4年多的时间里，我们在一个2万公顷的工作牧场上研究了牛对几内亚草的影响，包括不同的几内亚草、降水和牛的利用特征。我们的研究结果表明，定向放牧超过50%的几内亚草分蘖会降低几内亚草的生产力、繁殖和茅草积累，促进本地植物群落。我们发现降水和放牧相互作用介导了这些影响。在丰水期，放牧50%的几内亚草分蘖使草高从85 cm降低到55 cm±5.4SE。牛的放牧减少了几内亚草茅草，可能是通过消耗和践踏，间接有利于本地植物。降水和放牧共同增强了香农多样性。例如，在300 mm降雨量和50%分蘖放牧条件下，Shannon多样性增加了40%（从0.46 se增加到0.65 ± 0.14SE）。这种影响可能与几内亚草的资源竞争和茅草生产有关。根据相机陷阱的测量，在较潮湿的调查期间，较高的降水要求更多的牛达到50%的分蘖。相比之下，在干旱季节，放牧是有效的，因为几内亚草可能缺水。典型相关分析表明，豚草与其他草地植物群落存在正相关和负相关关系，与关键物种Prosopis glandulosa （CCA1 = 0.0511）和Ambrosia psilostachya （CCA1 = -0.0514）存在正相关和负相关。研究结果表明，有针对性的放牧和监测降水模式可以有效地管理豚草，促进入侵草地的本土植物多样性。

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引用次数: 0

Rangeland Resilience on the Brink: Unravelling Ecosystem Services and Degradation Drivers 濒临边缘的牧场恢复力：解开生态系统服务和退化驱动因素

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.10.007

Qurban Aliyar , Marzieh Keshavarz

Rangelands cover approximately 70-80% of Afghanistan’s land area and provide critical provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural ecosystem services that sustain rural livelihoods and biodiversity. Although ecological assessments quantify these ecosystem functions, local herders’ perceptions strongly influence grazing decisions, shape community engagement, and ultimately affect the success of resilience-building interventions. Consequently, understanding local perceptions is essential for designing interventions that align socio-cultural values with ecological realities. This study surveyed 200 households in Band-e-Amir National Park and the Shah-e-Foladi protected rangeland to document perceived ecosystem services and to identify drivers of perceived vulnerability to rangeland degradation. Respondents reported moderate-to-high awareness of provisioning services (fodder, fuelwood, and fiber) and of key regulating services (soil stabilization and water retention), but relatively limited recognition of supporting and cultural services. Overgrazing, shrub collection, and expansion of dryland farming emerged as the primary perceived threats to rangeland resilience. Multivariate regression analysis indicated that greater occupational dependency on rangeland resources and tenure insecurity were associated with higher perceived vulnerability, whereas higher household income was associated with lower perceived vulnerability. Notably, higher levels of social trust were also associated with increased perceived vulnerability, and greater awareness of ecosystem services heightened sensitivity to degradation risks. Taken together, these findings imply that integrated interventions—such as tenure reforms, livelihood diversification, community-based governance, and participatory education—tailored to local patterns of occupational dependence, tenure insecurity, economic capacity, social trust, and service awareness are likely to strengthen stewardship, reinforce ecosystem functions, and improve the resilience of Afghanistan’s rangelands.

牧场约占阿富汗土地面积的70-80%，提供重要的供应、调节、支持和文化生态系统服务，维持农村生计和生物多样性。虽然生态评估量化了这些生态系统功能，但当地牧民的看法强烈影响放牧决策，影响社区参与，并最终影响恢复力建设干预措施的成功。因此，了解当地的看法对于设计将社会文化价值与生态现实相结合的干预措施至关重要。本研究调查了班德-阿米尔国家公园和沙赫-e- foladi保护区的200户家庭，记录了生态系统服务，并确定了牧场退化脆弱性的驱动因素。受访者报告说，对供应服务（饲料、薪材和纤维）和关键调节服务（土壤稳定和保水）的认识中等至高度，但对支持服务和文化服务的认识相对有限。过度放牧、灌木采集和旱地农业的扩张成为牧场恢复能力的主要威胁。多因素回归分析表明，对牧场资源的职业依赖程度和权属不安全感越高，感知脆弱性越高，而家庭收入越高，感知脆弱性越低。值得注意的是，较高的社会信任水平也与感知到的脆弱性增加有关，对生态系统服务的认识提高了对退化风险的敏感性。综上所述，这些研究结果表明，针对当地的职业依赖、权属不安全、经济能力、社会信任和服务意识模式，采取综合干预措施，如权属改革、生计多样化、社区治理和参与式教育，可能会加强管理，增强生态系统功能，提高阿富汗牧场的复原力。

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引用次数: 0

Drivers of the Fine- and Broad-Scale Distribution of a Woody Encroacher in a Montane Grassland 山地草原木本侵蚀动物细尺度和大尺度分布的驱动因素

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.10.008

Gbenga F. Akomolafe, Dineo Mogashoa, Peter C. le Roux

The encroachment of woody species into grasslands impacts these ecosystems globally. Identifying the environmental factors associated with encroaching species’ distributions can provide insights relevant to their management, especially when examined across different spatial scales. Leucosidea sericea is an endemic woody species that is encroaching in southern African grasslands, and has the potential for considerable negative socio-ecological impacts in the region. This study, therefore, investigates the factors predicting the distribution of L. sericea at 2 contrasting scales: at a fine scale, using data from one topographically heterogenous landscape, and at a broad scale using environmental conditions across the species’ global distribution. The distribution of L. sericea is accurately modelled at both scales. At the finer scale, the species tended to occur at lower elevations and in sites with high soil moisture, low wind exposure and lower non-woody vegetation cover, suggesting that its landscape-scale occurrence patterns are sensitive to both biotic and abiotic conditions. At a broader scale, precipitation and temperature variables were more important than soil conditions in predicting its distribution. Specifically, the species had the highest probability of occurrence at sites with cooler temperatures (8–17 °C) and wetter condition (precipitation of 300–550 mm) during the warmest quarter of the year. This suggests that the warmer and drier conditions associated with current climate change trends will potentially constrain the future distribution of the species, with upslope expansion to cooler altitudes a possible response to increasing temperatures. These findings highlight that the occurrence of L. sericea is correlated with multiple environmental factors, and suggests that its distribution is likely sensitive to further climate change. Consequently, under changing temperature, rainfall conditions and shifting land-use, monitoring of this species, particularly in areas suitable for its occurrence, should be considered a priority by rangeland managers, conservationists and other stakeholders to understand the need for its management. This study can serve as a framework for understanding occurrence patterns of encroaching species across different spatial scales.

木本物种对草原的侵蚀影响着全球的生态系统。确定与入侵物种分布相关的环境因素可以为其管理提供相关见解，特别是在不同空间尺度上进行研究时。绢金线蒿（Leucosidea sericea）是一种特有的木本植物，正在侵占南部非洲草原，并可能对该地区造成相当大的负面社会生态影响。因此，本研究在两种不同的尺度下研究了丝蚕分布的预测因素：在精细尺度上，使用一个地形异质性景观的数据；在大尺度上，使用物种全球分布的环境条件。在两个尺度上准确地模拟了丝蚕的分布。在精细尺度上，该物种倾向于发生在低海拔、高土壤湿度、低风暴露和低非木本植被覆盖的地点，表明其景观尺度上的发生模式对生物和非生物条件都很敏感。在更大的尺度上，降水和温度变量比土壤条件更能预测其分布。具体而言，该物种在一年中最温暖的季度温度较低（8-17°C）和条件较湿（300-550 mm）的地点发生的可能性最高。这表明，与当前气候变化趋势相关的温暖和干燥的条件将潜在地限制该物种未来的分布，而上坡扩张到较冷的高度可能是对温度升高的反应。这些发现表明，蚕丝酵母的发生与多种环境因素相关，其分布可能对进一步的气候变化敏感。因此，在温度、降雨条件和土地利用变化的情况下，监测这一物种，特别是在适合其发生的地区，应被牧场管理者、保护主义者和其他利益相关者视为优先事项，以了解其管理的必要性。该研究可作为了解不同空间尺度上入侵物种发生格局的框架。

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引用次数: 0

Initial Divergent Postfire Recovery Converges Over the Long-term: A Case Study in Juniper-Encroached Sagebrush Steppe 火灾后最初的发散性恢复在长期内趋于收敛：以杉树侵占的山艾草原为例

IF 2.4 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Rangeland Ecology & Management

Pub Date : 2025-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.rama.2025.09.009

Jonathan D. Bates, Kirk W. Davies, Rory C. O’Connor, Stella M. Copeland

Reduced fire frequency is recognized as a main cause of piñon–juniper (Pinus–Juniperus L.) expansion in western North American sagebrush steppe and grasslands. Piñon–juniper woodland control using prescribed fire and mechanical treatments have increased the past three decades with the goal of restoring sagebrush steppe plant communities. Factors shaping the response of sagebrush steppe communities following woodland treatment include shrub and herbaceous composition, level of tree dominance, and site characteristics. We compared vegetation recovery spanning 20 yr following prescribed fire on mid-succession and late-succession western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis Hook.) woodlands on Steens Mountain, Oregon. Our objective was to evaluate vegetation dynamics between early (first decade) and later successional (second decade) time periods after fire. The first decade after fire vegetation on burned mid-succession sites were codominated by native herbaceous perennials and sprouting shrub species and on late-succession sites vegetation was codominated by nonnative cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) and snowbrush (Ceanothus velutinus Dougl.). During the second decade after fire, vegetation composition converged and both mid-succession and late-succession sites were codominated by herbaceous perennials, mountain big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata spp. vaseyana [Rydb.] Beetle), round-leaf snowberry (Symphoricarpos rotundifolius A. Gray) and snowbrush. Herbaceous and shrub vegetation composition of both burned woodland phases proved to be highly resilient to fire, the difference was that native shrub-herbaceous recovery on late-succession sites required about twice as much time as mid-succession sites. The resilience of both mid-succession and late-succession woodland sites was likely a product of ecological site characteristics (e.g., elevation and precipitation zone) that affords a competitive advantage for native perennial species over invasive annuals.

火灾频率的降低被认为是piñon-juniper （Pinus-Juniperus L.）在北美西部山艾草草原和草原扩张的主要原因。Piñon-juniper过去三十年来，使用规定的火灾和机械处理的林地控制增加了，目的是恢复山艾草草原植物群落。林地处理对山艾草草原群落响应的影响因素包括灌木和草本植物组成、乔木优势水平和立地特征。本文比较了俄勒冈州斯滕斯山中后期西部桧林地在规定火灾后20年的植被恢复情况。我们的目标是评估火灾后早期（第一个十年）和后期演替（第二个十年）期间的植被动态。中期演替地火灾后的前10年植被主要为原生草本多年生植物和出芽灌木，后期演替地植被主要为非原生草（Bromus tectorum L.）和雪灌丛（Ceanothus velutinus Dougl.）。在火灾后的第二个10年，植被组成趋于一致，中后期演替地均以草本多年生植物、山艾（Artemisia tridentata sp . vaseyana） [Rydb.]]甲虫)，圆叶雪莓（Symphoricarpos rotundifolius A. Gray）和雪刷草。草本和灌木植被组成在两个烧毁林地阶段都具有高度的火灾恢复能力，不同之处在于，在演替后期的原生灌木-草本植被恢复所需的时间大约是演替中期的两倍。中期演替和晚期演替林地的恢复力可能是生态场地特征（如海拔和降水带）的产物，这些特征为本地多年生物种提供了相对于入侵的一年生物种的竞争优势。

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引用次数: 0