Pedosphere最新文献_第8页

Mechanistic insights into N2O emission mitigation by nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) in a tropical sandy soil after six years of manure amendment 硝化抑制剂双氰胺（DCD）在热带沙质土壤中肥料添加六年后减少一氧化二氮排放的机理研究

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2023.12.018

Changhua FAN , Danfeng WANG , Pengpeng DUAN , Wenlong GAO , Yuqin LIU , Xiaolong WU , Huiran LIU , Ziyu NING , Qinfen LI , Miao CHEN

Organic amendments (OM) can profoundly affect soil nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions via changing nitrogen (N) cycles. However, mechanistic insights into how nitrification inhibitors modulate the responses of soil N₂O emissions to successive applications of OM are currently insufficient. In this study, we performed a laboratory experiment to examine N₂O emissions from a tropical vegetable soil subjected to six years of chemical fertilization (CF) and chemical fertilization combined with manure application (CFM) and evaluate the mitigation effectiveness of nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (DCD) under each management regime. Isotopocule mapping showed that bacterial nitrification and/or fungal denitrification accounted for 77.4%–88.5% of total N₂O production across treatments during the emission peak. The cumulative N₂O emissions from the CFM-treated soil were nearly 8-fold of those from the CF-treated soil. The CFM treatment stimulated N₂O production from bacterial nitrification and denitrification by increasing the abundance of genes linked to nitrifiers (ammonia-oxidizing bacterial (AOB) amoA and total comammox amoA) and denitrifiers (nirK, nirS, and qnorB), respectively. Importantly, DCD decreased cumulative N₂O emissions by an average of 73.3%, with better mitigation performance observed in the CFM-treated soil than in the CF-treated soil due to stronger inhibited nitrification and increased abundance of the nosZ gene, and altered bacterial community composition. The 16S rRNA sequencing further revealed that adding DCD to the CFM-treated soil resulted in declines in the abundances of bacterial phylum Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi that positively affected N₂O emissions; the opposite pattern prevailed for Gemmatimonadetes that negatively affected N₂O emissions. This study highlights the potential of manure application, when coupled with nitrification inhibitors, to achieve the dual goals of enhancing soil fertility and reducing environmental risk associated with N₂O emissions in tropical agricultural soils.

有机改进剂（OM）可以通过改变氮(N)循环对土壤一氧化二氮（N2O）排放产生深远影响。然而，关于硝化抑制剂如何调节土壤N2O排放对连续施用OM的响应的机制见解目前尚不充分。在这项研究中，我们进行了一项实验室实验，研究了经过6年化学施肥（CF）和化学施肥加粪肥（CFM）处理的热带蔬菜土壤的N2O排放，并评估了在每种管理制度下硝化抑制剂双氰胺（DCD）的缓解效果。同位素图谱显示，在排放峰值期间，细菌硝化和/或真菌反硝化作用占各处理总N2O产量的77.4% ~ 88.5%。cfm处理土壤的N2O累积排放量是cf处理土壤的近8倍。CFM处理通过增加与硝化菌（氨氧化菌（AOB） amoA和总comammox amoA）和反硝化菌（nirK、nirS和qnorB）相关的基因丰度，分别促进了细菌硝化和反硝化作用产生N2O。重要的是，DCD平均减少了73.3%的N2O累积排放量，cfm处理的土壤比cf处理的土壤具有更好的缓解效果，这是由于更强的抑制硝化作用和nosZ基因丰度的增加，以及细菌群落组成的改变。16S rRNA测序进一步表明，在cfm处理的土壤中添加DCD导致放线菌门和氯氟菌门的丰度下降，并对N2O排放产生积极影响；Gemmatimonadetes则相反，对N2O排放产生负面影响。该研究强调了在热带农业土壤中施用粪肥并与硝化抑制剂结合使用，可以实现提高土壤肥力和降低与N2O排放相关的环境风险的双重目标。

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引用次数: 0

Exogenous application of artificial humic substance can improve black soil properties and rice yield 外源施用人工腐殖质可改善土壤性质和提高水稻产量

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.05.005

Yue YUAN , Qingyu LIU , Shun ZHANG , Zhuqing LIU , Xi ZHANG , Kui CHENG , Fan YANG

Rice yield in the black soil region of Northeast China has been declining due to severe soil fertility degradation caused by both biotic and abiotic factors. Artificial humic substance (A-HS) has attracted much attention due to its high cost-effectiveness and great potential to improve soil fertility. However, the specific effects of A-HS on nutrient contents in rice nursery soils remain unclear. This study systematically investigated the effects of rational application of A-HS on soil nutrient turnover and yield and analyzed the changes in soil nutrients and microbial communities at Qianfeng Farm, Northeast China. The results indicated that the application of A-HS significantly increased soil dissolved organic matter and nutrient contents in the native and seedling soils. In addition, the root growth and yield of the seedlings at maturity were effectively promoted. More interestingly, the application of A-HS significantly altered plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, such as Noviherbaspirillum, Klebsiella, and Pedobacter, improving natural barrier formation and soil nutrient conversion. It could be concluded that A-HS significantly enhanced crop nutrient uptake and accumulation by altering soil bacterial communities. In general, the application of A-HS could be profitable and sustainable in rice production. The current study from multiple aspects provides valuable insights into the benefits of A-HS in promoting crop growth and development, which could have important implications for agriculture and food security.

由于生物和非生物因素造成的土壤肥力严重退化，东北黑土地区水稻产量持续下降。人工腐殖质（A-HS）因其具有较高的成本效益和提高土壤肥力的潜力而受到广泛关注。然而，A-HS对水稻苗圃土壤养分含量的具体影响尚不清楚。本研究系统考察了合理施用A-HS对东北千峰农场土壤养分周转和产量的影响，并分析了土壤养分和微生物群落的变化。结果表明，施用A-HS显著提高了原生土和幼苗土的溶解有机质和养分含量。此外，还能有效促进幼苗成熟期根系生长和产量。更有趣的是，A-HS的施用显著改变了Noviherbaspirillum、Klebsiella和Pedobacter等促进植物生长的根瘤菌，促进了自然屏障的形成和土壤养分的转化。综上所述，A-HS通过改变土壤细菌群落，显著提高了作物养分的吸收和积累。总的来说，在水稻生产中应用A-HS是有利可图的和可持续的。目前的研究从多个方面为A-HS在促进作物生长发育方面的益处提供了有价值的见解，这可能对农业和粮食安全具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Biochar and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) application improves desert soil pH and water-holding characteristics and enhances Microcoleus vaginatus growth 生物炭和聚乙烯醇（PVA）的应用改善了沙漠土壤的 pH 值和持水特性，并促进了微oleus vaginatus 的生长：对防治荒漠化的影响

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.02.006

Gift G. MOYO , Zhiquan HU , Bingtang LI , Long CHENG , Xun WANG , Bo XIAO

Despite the promising outcomes observed in individual applications of biochar and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in soil, the impact of their combined usage remains inadequately understood. This study systematically explores the effects of concurrent biochar and PVA application on key soil parameters, including pH, water-holding capacity (WHC), and dynamic moisture content (MC), and the photosynthetic resilience and growth of the cyanobacterium Microcoleus vaginatus in a desert soil. Biochars, generated at different pyrolysis temperatures (300–600 °C), were applied to the soil at varying rates (1%–6%), while PVA was introduced at a mass percentage of 0.05%. The photosynthetic resilience and biomass accumulation of M. vaginatus in different treatments were examined every 7 d during the 28-d exposure to dry conditions after 60-d water supply. The combined application of biochar and PVA resulted in a reduction of soil pH, coupled with significant improvements in WHC and dynamic MC. Moreover, this combined approach exhibited superior effects on the photosynthetic resilience and crust thickness (0.9–3.5 mm) of M. vaginatus compared to the application of biochar and PVA in isolation. Incremental increase in biochar application rate from 0% to 6% demonstrated a notable enhancement in the chlorophyll a content of M. vaginatus. Cyanobacterial crust thickness and exopolysaccharide content exhibited positive correlations with biochar application rate. Thus, combined application of biochar and PVA is cost-effective for enhancing soil properties and cyanobacterial biomass, which is of significance for combating desertification.

尽管在土壤中单独应用生物炭和聚乙烯醇（PVA）时观察到有希望的结果，但对它们联合使用的影响仍不充分了解。本研究系统探讨了生物炭与PVA同时施用对荒漠土壤pH、持水能力（WHC）、动态含水量（MC）等关键土壤参数以及阴道蓝藻（Microcoleus vaginatus）光合恢复力和生长的影响。在不同热解温度（300-600℃）下产生的生物炭以不同的速率（1%-6%）施用于土壤，而PVA以0.05%的质量百分比引入土壤。在供水60 d后，每隔7 d检测不同处理下阴道支霉的光合恢复力和生物量积累。生物炭与PVA配施降低了土壤pH值，显著提高了土壤WHC和动态MC，且与单独施用生物炭和PVA相比，该配施对阴道曲曲霉的光合恢复力和结皮厚度（0.9 ~ 3.5 mm）均有显著提高。生物炭用量从0%增加到6%，可显著提高阴道支曲菌叶绿素a含量。蓝藻外壳厚度和胞外多糖含量与生物炭施用量呈正相关。因此，生物炭与PVA复合施用对提高土壤性质和蓝藻生物量具有经济效益，对防治荒漠化具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Control locations confuse evaluation of passivation effects of iron-based biochar and selenium applications on wheat grain cadmium accumulation in a Cd-contaminated weakly alkaline soil 对照位置可能会混淆铁基生物炭和硒施用对小麦籽粒镉积累的钝化效果评估

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2023.12.017

Feng JING , Yan GAO , Hongbo LI , Guangping FAN , Qingya ZHANG , Xuezhen GAO , Dongmei ZHOU

Inhibiting cadmium (Cd) accumulation in wheat grains could reduce the risk of human exposure to Cd. This study conducted a field experiment and evaluated the effects of iron (Fe)-based biochar and selenium (Se) applications alone or in combination on Cd accumulation in wheat grains in a Cd-contaminated weakly alkaline soil of rice-wheat rotation farmland. Considering soil Cd heterogeneity in the field, we set up 22 replicates of control (CK) and three replicates of each Fe-based biochar and/or Se treatment. Results clearly showed that the CK locations could greatly affect the evaluation of whether the difference in the wheat grain Cd concentration between treatments and CK was significant. There was an insignificant difference in the wheat grain Cd concentration between the treatment and the adjacent CK replicates. Although soil Se application at 2 mg kg⁻¹ and foliar Se application at 4 mg L⁻¹ significantly increased the grain Se concentration as compared with the adjacent CK replicates, they still could not reduce the Cd concentration in wheat grains. However, when compared to the CK replicates that had the highest grain Cd concentration, foliar and soil applications of Se could significantly reduce the wheat grain Cd concentration by 47.7% and 41.3%–46.1%, respectively. No matter which CK replicates were selected, the application of Fe-based biochar had no significant impact on Cd accumulation in wheat grains, and there was no significant difference in diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-Cd concentration between the Fe-based biochar treatment and adjacent CK replicates. In conclusion, applying Fe-based biochar and Se in the field could not reduce the Cd accumulation in wheat grains in Cd-contaminated weakly alkaline soils.

抑制小麦籽粒镉（Cd）积累可降低人类镉暴露的风险。本研究通过田间试验，评价了在镉污染的稻麦轮作弱碱性土壤中，单独或联合施用铁基生物炭和硒（Se）对小麦籽粒镉积累的影响。考虑到田间土壤Cd的异质性，我们设置了对照（CK） 22个重复，铁基生物炭和/或硒处理各3个重复。结果清楚地表明，对照位置对评价小麦籽粒Cd浓度处理与对照差异是否显著有很大影响。处理与相邻CK重复间小麦籽粒Cd浓度差异不显著。土壤施硒2 mg kg−1和叶片施硒4 mg L−1与相邻CK重复相比，显著提高了籽粒硒浓度，但仍不能降低小麦籽粒镉浓度。但与籽粒Cd浓度最高的CK重复相比，叶面和土壤施用硒可显著降低小麦籽粒Cd浓度，分别降低47.7%和41.3% ~ 46.1%。无论选择哪个CK重复，施用铁基生物炭对小麦籽粒Cd积累无显著影响，且铁基生物炭处理与相邻CK重复间二乙烯三胺五乙酸-Cd浓度无显著差异。综上所述，在镉污染的弱碱性土壤中，施用铁基生物炭和硒并不能减少小麦籽粒中镉的积累。

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引用次数: 0

Adsorption/desorption characteristics of Cd, Cu and Pb on/from soil aggregate fractions from a calcareous soil profile in single and ternary systems 单一和三元系统下不同土壤团聚体对镉、铜和铅在土壤剖面中的吸附和解吸特性

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.02.004

Qian SHEN, Qiongyao YANG, Bailin REN, Mingkui ZHANG

As the fundamental unit of soil, aggregates exhibit significant variations in their abilities to adsorb and desorb trace elements, depending on their size. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the characteristics of adsorption and desorption of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb) on and from soil aggregate fractions from three layers of a calcareous soil profile in Changxing County, Zhejiang Prvince, China. The results showed that both Langmuir and Freundlich models successfully described the isothermal adsorption processes of single Cd, Cu, and Pb on different soil aggregates. Additionally, aggregates from the bottom soil layer showed the highest maximum adsorption capacity and required the lowest energy for Cd, Cu, and Pb adsorption compared to aggregates from upper soil layers. The physicochemical properties of soil aggregates were found to govern the adsorption and desorption processes of heavy metals rather than the aggregate size, wherein the contents of iron/aluminum oxides and organic matter were the most crucial influencing factors. Cadmium displayed higher mobility than Cu and Pb in different soil aggregates, and the maximum adsorption capacities of the metal ions followed the order of Pb > Cu > Cd, while their desorption rates followed the order of Cd > Cu > Pb. Additionally, the < 0.053 mm microaggregates presented the lowest desorption rates for Cd, Cu, and Pb compared to other soil aggregate fractions in each soil layer. Furthermore, the orthogonal experiment results demonstrated that the competitive adsorption between metals occurred on soil aggregates in the ternary heavy metal system, but only the desorption of Pb was significantly affected by the coexistence of Cd and Cu.

团聚体作为土壤的基本单位，其吸附和解吸微量元素的能力因其大小而异。采用批量试验研究了浙江省长兴县钙质土壤剖面3层团聚体组分对镉、铜、铅的吸附和解吸特性。结果表明，Langmuir和Freundlich模型均能较好地描述土壤团聚体对单个Cd、Cu和Pb的等温吸附过程。此外，与表层团聚体相比，底层团聚体对Cd、Cu和Pb的吸附能力最大，所需能量最低。土壤团聚体的物理化学性质比团聚体粒径更能控制重金属的吸附和解吸过程，其中铁/铝氧化物含量和有机质含量是最关键的影响因素。镉在不同土壤团聚体中的迁移率高于Cu和Pb，金属离子的最大吸附量顺序为Pb >；铜比;Cd，而它们的解吸速率依次为Cd >；铜比;Pb。此外，<；0.053 mm团聚体对Cd、Cu和Pb的解吸速率最低。此外，正交试验结果表明，三元重金属体系中土壤团聚体发生了金属间的竞争吸附，但Cd和Cu共存对Pb的解吸有显著影响。

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引用次数: 0

Aerated drip irrigation changes soil microbial functional potential and enhances soil organic carbon content 解读曝气滴灌提高土壤有机碳含量的微生物功能潜力

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.03.002

Jinjin ZHU , Wenquan NIU , Yadan DU , Zhenhua ZHANG , Runya YANG , Kadambot H.M. SIDDIQUE , Jun SUN

Aerated drip irrigation (ADI) is an important practice for promoting soil fertility and crop productivity in greenhouse vegetable production, yet little research has comprehensively investigated its effects on the functional traits of carbon (C)-cycling microorganisms. In this study, we sought to assess the potential efficacy of ADI in increasing soil organic C (SOC) by changing soil microbial communities and the expressions of genes associated with C cycling. To this end, we adopted a metagenomic approach to compare the effects of ADI with three dissolved oxygen concentrations (10, 15, and 20 mg L⁻¹) during a three-season tomato cultivation experiment in northern China. The results revealed that the 10 mg L⁻¹ treatment led to a significant increase in the abundance of korA/B genes (associated with the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle) in the C fixation pathway, whereas the 15 mg L⁻¹ treatment increased the abundances of cbbL/R and coxL/S genes associated with the Calvin cycle and carbon monoxide oxidation, respectively. In addition, based on a co-occurrence network analysis, we observed a positive correlation between cbbL and coxS. Interestingly, r-selected microorganisms, such as Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, characterized by rapid cell multiplication and high biomass production, were identified as the primary contributors to C fixation and were the main predictors of SOC pools. In contrast, the 20 mg L⁻¹ treatment was found to adversely influence C fixation, although the enhanced C degradation could be attributed to the extracellular enzymes secreted by K-selected microorganisms. Collectively, our findings indicate that ADI with dissolved oxygen concentrations ⩽ 15 mg L⁻¹ can promote SOC content by altering the life history strategies of r-selected microorganisms and genes associated with C fixation. These findings will provide valuable references for agroecosystem irrigation management, help improve soil fertility, and promote sustainable production.

加气滴灌是温室蔬菜生产中提高土壤肥力和作物生产力的重要措施，但对加气滴灌对碳(C)循环微生物功能性状的影响研究较少。在这项研究中，我们试图通过改变土壤微生物群落和碳循环相关基因的表达来评估ADI增加土壤有机碳（SOC）的潜在功效。为此，我们采用宏基因组方法比较了在中国北方进行的三季番茄栽培试验中，三种溶解氧浓度（10、15和20 mg L−1）对ADI的影响。结果表明，10 mg L−1处理显著增加了C固定途径中与还原性三羧酸循环相关的korA/B基因的丰度，而15 mg L−1处理分别增加了与卡尔文循环和一氧化碳氧化相关的cbbL/R和coxL/S基因的丰度。此外，通过共现网络分析，我们发现cbbL与coxS之间存在正相关关系。有趣的是，r-选择微生物，如变形杆菌和放线菌，具有快速增殖和高生物量的特点，被确定为碳固定的主要贡献者，是SOC池的主要预测因子。相比之下，20 mg L−1处理被发现对C的固定产生不利影响，尽管C的降解增强可能归因于k选择微生物分泌的细胞外酶。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，溶解氧浓度≥15 mg L−1的ADI可以通过改变r选择微生物的生活史策略和与碳固定相关的基因来促进有机碳含量。这些研究结果将为农业生态系统灌溉管理提供有价值的参考，有助于提高土壤肥力，促进可持续生产。

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引用次数: 0

Remediation of a Pb and Cd-contaminated clayey soil via magnetic-enhanced washing 通过磁强化洗涤修复受铅和镉污染的粘性土壤

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2023.12.013

Dahu RUI , Yuru WANG , Wenjun NIE , Mintae KIM , Jun ZHANG , Shuren WANG , Yuzuru ITO , Fujun NIU

The contact between contaminant and washing solution is a fundamental factor that limits the contaminant removal efficiency of chemical washing. In this study, the magnetization technique was employed to improve the physicochemical properties of ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) solutions for the removal of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) from a contaminated clayey soil. Furthermore, EDTA concentration, magnetization strength, and magnetization time were varied as parameters for enhancing the contact between contaminant and washing solution to improve remediation efficiency. The results showed that after magnetization, the viscosities, surface tensions, and contact angles of EDTA solutions decreased, whereas the electrical conductivity and pH increased. In particular, the viscosities of high-concentration EDTA solutions increased with increasing magnetic field strength and magnetization time. The magnetized EDTA solutions increased the maximum removal rates of Cd and Pb by 64.46% and 35.49%, respectively, compared to the unmagnetized EDTA solutions. The results highlighted the efficient metal removal by magnetized washing solutions due to the better contact between the washing solutions and the contaminants. The magnetic-enhanced soil washing method was proven to be efficient, cost-effective, and easily implementable for enhancing heavy metal removal. This study provides a valuable reference for improving the efficiency of chemical washing for heavy metal-contaminated clayey soils.

污染物与洗涤液的接触是制约化学洗涤除污效率的根本因素。在本研究中，采用磁化技术改善乙二胺四乙酸（EDTA）溶液的物理化学性质，以去除污染粘土中的铅（Pb）和镉（Cd）。通过改变EDTA浓度、磁化强度和磁化时间等参数，增强污染物与洗涤液的接触，提高修复效率。结果表明：磁化后EDTA溶液的粘度、表面张力和接触角降低，电导率和pH值升高；特别是，高浓度EDTA溶液的粘度随磁场强度和磁化时间的增加而增加。与未磁化EDTA相比，磁化EDTA溶液对Cd和Pb的最大去除率分别提高了64.46%和35.49%。结果表明，由于磁化洗涤液与污染物之间的接触更好，磁化洗涤液对金属的去除效果更好。磁强化洗土方法是一种高效、经济、易于实现的重金属去除方法。该研究为提高化学洗涤处理重金属污染粘土的效率提供了有价值的参考。

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引用次数: 0

Removal of petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated soils: Analyses of soil enzymes and microbial community evolution during phytoremediation using Suaeda salsa 去除老化土壤中的石油碳氢化合物：Suaeda 莎莎植物修复过程中的土壤酶和微生物群落演化分析

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.04.001

Xiaonuo ZHANG, Yaxi DENG, Goujian CHI, Hong LÜ, Hongxia ZHAO

Rhizoremediation has emerged as a burgeoning approach for the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) from soil, with a primary emphasis on terrestrial plant systems. However, the mechanism of how soil microbiomes influence the dissipation of PHCs within a hygrophyte planting system has yet to be fully elucidated. This work concentrated on the potential evolution of soil microbiomes and their effects on PHC dissipation within the Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall. planting system in a pot experiment. Two representative compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and n-alkanes, were used as target PHCs. The findings revealed a significant efficiency in the dissipation of PHCs in soil with Suaeda salsa cultivation, particularly with respect to n-alkanes. The high dissipation efficiency of PHCs was the synergistic result of root accumulation and microbial biodegradation. The key microbes involved in PHC dissipation were revealed, with the dominant phylum Proteobacteria and genus Salinimicrobium. The alterations in microbial diversity and abundance were closely associated with root exudation and PHC exposure. Significant differences in enzyme activities, an indicator of soil health and fertility, were observed between the rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils, which was attributed to root exudation. This study offers novel insights into the phytoremediation potential for Suaeda in PHC-contaminated soils and serves as a valuable scientific reference for the phytoremediation of such soils.

根茎修复已成为一种新兴的从土壤中去除石油烃（PHCs）的方法，主要侧重于陆生植物系统。然而，土壤微生物群如何影响湿生植物系统中PHCs耗散的机制尚未完全阐明。本文主要研究了盐田土壤微生物群的潜在演化及其对PHC耗散的影响。棺罩。盆栽种植系统试验。两种具有代表性的化合物，多环芳烃（PAHs）和正构烷烃作为目标PHCs。研究结果表明，种植盐田对土壤中PHCs的耗散效率显著，特别是对正构烷烃。PHCs的高耗散效率是根系积累和微生物降解共同作用的结果。揭示了参与PHC耗散的关键微生物，其中优势菌门为变形菌门和盐微生物属。微生物多样性和丰度的变化与根系分泌物和PHC暴露密切相关。酶活性是土壤健康和肥力的指标，在根际土壤和非根际土壤之间观察到显著差异，这归因于根渗出物。本研究为盐田在phc污染土壤中的植物修复潜力提供了新的见解，为此类土壤的植物修复提供了有价值的科学参考。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of deficit winter irrigation with overwintering freezing on oasis soil salinization and alkalization 冬季亏缺灌溉和越冬冻结对绿洲土壤盐碱化的影响

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.03.001

Xicai PAN , Jiabao ZHANG , Yanfang ZHOU , Chengwei WAN

Winter irrigation is a crucial measure for preventing farmland salinity in arid inland regions. However, given the relatively complex process of salt leaching under the influence of freezing and thawing, present salinity management has led to soil quality deterioration in the irrigation areas in Northwest China. To better understand this process, a field experiment was conducted in Huangyang Town, Wuwei City, Gansu Province, China to simulate the evolution of soil profile salinity and alkalinity in a typical oasis farmland under 3-year regular barley planting, using a local prevailing water-salt management mode of drip irrigation for the growing period and winter irrigation for the fallow period. This study investigated the impact of freezing on salt leaching by comparing the soil profile water, heat, and salt movements under different winter irrigation quotas. Compared to no winter irrigation, a reduction in the winter irrigation quota from the standard one to a halved one led to a transition from a sink of 11.05% by salt leaching to a source of 13.75% by salt addition. This means that overwintering soil freezing, especially in oases with deep groundwater tables, can worsen root zone salinization caused by a deficit winter irrigation, through freezing-induced root zone soil water and salt return. Furthermore, dry saline soil dominated by sulfate is at the risk of soil alkalization when freezing-induced oversaturation of solute concentration leads to significant salt precipitation. These findings are crucial for understanding the mechanisms behind the increasing secondary salinization caused by unsustainable winter irrigation in oasis irrigation areas.

冬季灌溉是干旱内陆地区防治农田盐碱化的重要措施。然而，由于冻融作用下盐淋溶过程相对复杂，目前的盐渍化管理导致西北灌区土壤质量恶化。为了更好地了解这一过程，在甘肃省武威市黄阳镇进行了3年常规大麦种植的典型绿洲农田，采用当地流行的水盐管理模式，生长期采用滴灌，休耕期采用冬灌，模拟了土壤剖面盐度和碱度的演变。本研究通过比较不同冬季灌溉定额下土壤剖面水、热、盐的运动，探讨了冻结对盐淋失的影响。与不进行冬季灌溉相比，冬季灌溉配额从标准减少到一半，导致从11.05%的盐浸汇到13.75%的盐添加源的转变。这意味着越冬土壤冻结，特别是在地下水位较深的绿洲，会通过冻结引起的根区土壤水盐回流，加剧冬季灌溉不足造成的根区盐渍化。此外，当冻结导致溶质浓度过饱和导致大量盐沉淀时，以硫酸盐为主的干盐渍土面临土壤碱化的风险。这些发现对于理解绿洲灌区冬季不可持续灌溉导致次生盐碱化增加的机制至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of soil metazoan communities under short-term elevated CO2 and O3 concentrations in a paddy soil 评估稻田土壤中短期 CO2 和 O3 浓度升高条件下的土壤元虫群落

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2023.12.006

Jianqing WANG , Jiaoyan MAO , Manuel Esteban LUCAS-BORJA , Yunyan TAN , Yajun SHAO , Roy NEILSON , Xiuzhen SHI , Guoyou ZHANG

Soil biota mediates key ecological processes and delivers a range of societally important ecosystem services. However, the impacts of atmospheric changes on soil metazoans have been understudied. To address this knowledge gap, we evaluated the short-term responses of soil metazoans to elevated carbon dioxide (CO₂) and ozone (O₃) with two commonly grown rice varieties (Nanjing 5055 and Wuyujing 3) in a paddy soil. A simultaneous increase of CO₂ and O₃ concentrations had a negligible effect on the diversity of Annelida, Mollusca, Porifera, and total soil metazoans, suggesting that soil metazoan taxa had an inherent resilience to atmospheric changes. However, elevated CO₂ alone significantly enhanced the diversity and relative abundances of Craniata and Platyhelminthes for Wuyujing 3 under ambient O₃ conditions. However, elevated O₃ decreased the diversity and relative abundance of Craniata by 42.7% and 47.7%, respectively, especially under elevated CO₂ conditions for Wuyujing 3, demonstrating significant interactive effects. Furthermore, soil NO₃⁻-N and NH₄⁺-N contents mostly shaped the changes in the diversity and composition of soil metazoan communities. These results highlight the crucial role of rice variety regulating soil metazoan communities under the complex interaction between short-term elevated CO₂ and O₃. Thus, to better understand the mechanisms and processes within soil food webs, future studies should include the combined effects of various climate change factors and different crop varieties on soil metazoan communities.

土壤生物群调节关键的生态过程，并提供一系列重要的社会生态系统服务。然而，大气变化对土壤后生动物的影响尚未得到充分的研究。为了解决这一知识空白，我们以两种水稻品种（南京5055和乌玉粳3号）为研究对象，在水稻土中评估了土壤后生动物对二氧化碳（CO2）和臭氧（O3）升高的短期响应。CO2和O3浓度同时增加对环节动物、软体动物、多孔动物和土壤后生动物多样性的影响可以忽略不计，表明土壤后生动物类群对大气变化具有内在的适应能力。而在环境O3条件下，CO2浓度升高显著提高了武玉泾3号的颅类和白头类的多样性和相对丰度。而O3浓度升高使颅目目动物的多样性和相对丰度分别下降42.7%和47.7%，尤以吴玉泾3号在CO2浓度升高的情况下影响最大，表现出显著的交互作用。土壤NO3−-N和NH4+-N含量主要影响土壤后生动物群落多样性和组成的变化。这些结果表明，在短期CO2和O3升高的复杂相互作用下，水稻品种对土壤后生动物群落的调节作用至关重要。因此，为了更好地了解土壤食物网的机制和过程，未来的研究应包括各种气候变化因素和不同作物品种对土壤后生动物群落的综合影响。

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引用次数: 0