Pedobiologia最新文献_第2页

Variations in soil fungal communities: Comparative insights from coniferous and mixed broadleaf-conifer forests 土壤真菌群落的变化：针叶林与阔叶-针叶混交林的比较研究

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151007

Dexing Chen , Qiongyi Zhang , Siyu Chen , Yuqing Lin , Yuanming Zhu , Weiwei Sun , Mingjiu Chen , Shuangquan Zou , Xin Qian

Soil fungal communities are intricately linked to their vegetative hosts, playing a crucial role in plant development, biogeochemical cycling, and the stability of forest ecosystems. Distinct forest types harbor unique soil fungal assemblages, each finely tuned to the prevailing environmental conditions and plant species, thereby fulfilling diverse ecological functions. This study used high-throughput sequencing methodologies to conduct an exhaustive assessment of the community structure, ecological process, and interaction networks of soil fungi within coniferous and mixed broadleaf-conifer forests. Our findings demonstrated significant differences in community structure across different functional groups (pathotroph, saprotroph, and symbiotroph) between mixed broadleaf-conifer forests and coniferous forests. The community structure of forest soil fungi was profoundly shaped by soil physicochemical attributes, including pH, organic matter, total phosphorus, and available nitrogen. The neutral community model indicated that stochastic processes were dominant in the structuring of fungal communities in both forest types; however, the proportion of deterministic processes was substantially greater in coniferous forests compared to mixed broadleaf-conifer forests. Furthermore, the soil fungal network structure in mixed broadleaf-conifer forests exhibited greater complexity compared to coniferous forests, with significant associations identified between specific soil physicochemical properties and the topological characteristics of fungal interaction networks in both forest types. These findings underscore the critical impact of forest type on the dynamics of soil fungal communities and their ecological functions, offering strategic insights for forest management practices that enhance ecosystem resilience and biodiversity conservation.

土壤真菌群落与其植被宿主有着错综复杂的联系，在植物生长发育、生物地球化学循环和森林生态系统的稳定性方面发挥着至关重要的作用。不同的森林类型蕴藏着独特的土壤真菌群落，每种真菌群落都与当时的环境条件和植物种类密切相关，从而发挥着不同的生态功能。本研究利用高通量测序方法对针叶林和阔叶-针叶混交林中土壤真菌的群落结构、生态过程和相互作用网络进行了详尽的评估。我们的研究结果表明，针阔叶混交林和针叶林中不同功能群（病原菌、嗜渍菌和共生菌）的群落结构存在显著差异。森林土壤真菌群落结构深受土壤理化属性（包括 pH 值、有机质、总磷和可利用氮）的影响。中性群落模型表明，随机过程在两种森林类型的真菌群落结构中都占主导地位；然而，与阔叶-针叶混交林相比，针叶林中确定性过程所占的比例要大得多。此外，与针叶林相比，阔叶-针叶混交林的土壤真菌网络结构表现出更大的复杂性，在两种森林类型中，特定的土壤理化性质与真菌相互作用网络的拓扑特征之间都存在显著的关联。这些发现强调了森林类型对土壤真菌群落动态及其生态功能的重要影响，为提高生态系统恢复能力和生物多样性保护的森林管理实践提供了战略性启示。

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引用次数: 0

Occurrence of plant suppression gradients through common mycorrhizal networks across ecological groups during successional dynamics 在演替动态过程中，各生态群落通过共同的菌根网络出现植物抑制梯度

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151006

Breynner G.P. Bertagnoli , José Antonio Pimenta , Arnaldo Colozzi Filho , Waldemar Zangaro

Plants can utilize the common mycorrhizal network (CMN) as a pathway for competition, enabling the suppression of other plants through an asymmetric distribution of resources. This study aimed to assess the competitive dynamics of CMN originating from adult Brachiaria brizantha plants, juvenile Heliocarpus popayanensis, and juvenile Cariniana estrellensis on the growth of seedlings of these three species. Plants and seedlings were cultivated in substrates containing native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Analysis of variance was conducted, and means were compared using the Tukey test. The results indicated that seedling growth of all three species was significantly suppressed by the CMN originating from adult B. brizantha, moderately suppressed by the CMN from juvenile H. popayanensis, and weakly suppressed by the CMN from juvenile C. estrellensis. While the seedlings of B. brizantha initially experienced suppression, they eventually developed and suppressed the juvenile plants of both H. popayanensis and C. estrellensis, leading to a reversal of the nutrient flux. This shift corroborated the mechanism of reciprocal reward. The study observed the formation of a gradient in seedling suppression, with the strength of suppression inversely correlated with the advancement of ecological plant groups during succession. The establishment of the seedling suppression gradient was associated with variations in photosynthetic potential, mycorrhizal responsiveness, and root colonization intensity by AMF. The competition dynamics mediated by the CMN affect the composition and diversity of plant communities over time, reinforcing the importance of mycorrhizal interactions in plant ecology and ecosystem management, particularly in restoration and conservation contexts.

植物可以利用共同菌根网络（CMN）作为竞争途径，通过资源的不对称分配抑制其他植物。本研究的目的是评估来自成株Brachiaria brizantha、幼株Heliocarpus popayanensis和幼株Cariniana estrellensis的CMN对这三种植物幼苗生长的竞争动态。植物和幼苗是在含有本地丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）的基质中培育的。进行了方差分析，并用 Tukey 检验比较了平均值。结果表明，三种植物的幼苗生长都受到来自成年 B. brizantha 的 CMN 的显著抑制，受到来自幼年 H. popayanensis 的 CMN 的中度抑制，受到来自幼年 C. estrellensis 的 CMN 的弱度抑制。虽然 B. brizantha 的幼苗最初受到抑制，但它们最终发展起来并抑制了 H. popayanensis 和 C. estrellensis 的幼苗，导致营养通量逆转。这种转变证实了互惠奖赏机制。研究观察到幼苗抑制梯度的形成，抑制强度与生态植物群在演替过程中的进展成反比。幼苗抑制梯度的形成与光合作用潜力、菌根反应性和 AMF 根定植强度的变化有关。由 CMN 介导的竞争动态会随着时间的推移影响植物群落的组成和多样性，从而加强了菌根相互作用在植物生态学和生态系统管理中的重要性，尤其是在恢复和保护环境方面。

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引用次数: 0

Forest types matter for the community and co-occurrence network patterns of soil bacteria, fungi, and nematodes 森林类型对土壤细菌、真菌和线虫的群落和共生网络模式至关重要

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151004

Yudai Kitagami , Yosuke Matsuda

Tree growth influences the biological, physical, and chemical properties of the soil through the input of different types of litter and various root exudates. However, our understanding of tree-mediated effects on the composition and diversity of soil biota remains limited. This study aimed to determine the effects of physically neighboring forest types (i.e., an artificial Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) plantation vs. a broadleaf (Quercus serrata) secondary forest) on individual bacterial, fungal, and nematode communities and the associations among these inter-kingdoms. Bacterial, fungal, and nematode aggregates were estimated using MiSeq high-throughput sequencing system. The amplicon sequence variant richness of fungi and nematodes was significantly greater in the cedar plantation than in the broadleaf forest, and the three soil biota community structures were significantly clustered among the forest types. Environmental factors such as soil pH, C, N, and C/N ratio significantly influenced the three soil biota community structures. The bacterial–fungal–nematode co-occurrence network of the broadleaf forest had more nodes and edges than that of the cedar plantation. Moreover, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota fungi mainly co-occurred with fungivorous nematodes in the cedar and broadleaf forests, respectively. Our results suggested that unique soil biota communities and characteristic co-occurrence network patterns were established among the tripartite inter-kingdom relationships between adjacent forest types.

树木的生长会通过输入不同类型的废弃物和各种根系渗出物来影响土壤的生物、物理和化学特性。然而，我们对树木对土壤生物群组成和多样性的影响的了解仍然有限。本研究旨在确定物理上相邻的森林类型（即人工日本雪松（Cryptomeria japonica）种植园与阔叶（Quercus serrata）次生林）对单个细菌、真菌和线虫群落的影响，以及这些群落之间的关联。利用 MiSeq 高通量测序系统对细菌、真菌和线虫群落进行了估计。结果表明，杉木人工林中真菌和线虫的扩增子序列变异丰富度明显高于阔叶林，三种土壤生物群落结构在不同森林类型中呈显著聚类。土壤 pH 值、C、N 和 C/N 比等环境因素对三种土壤生物群落结构有明显影响。与杉木人工林相比，阔叶林的细菌-真菌-线虫共生网络具有更多的节点和边缘。此外，在雪松林和阔叶林中，子囊菌群和担子菌群真菌分别主要与食菌线虫共生。我们的研究结果表明，在相邻森林类型之间的三方生物群落间关系中建立了独特的土壤生物群落和特征共生网络模式。

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引用次数: 0

Attraction of pitfall trap preservation fluids complicates the estimation of Collembola density 坑式捕捉器保存液的吸引力使啮齿目动物密度的估算变得复杂

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151001

Alexander Bruckner , Carla Ott

Collembola (springtail) communities consist of three eco-morphologically defined life forms: the euedaphics dwell inside the soil matrix, the epedaphics (including atmobiotics) live on the ground and in vegetation, and the hemiedaphics are intermediate. The vast majority of springtail community studies focus on the belowground (eu- and hemiedaphic) forms that are generally collected by taking and extracting soil cores. Few investigations have dealt with epedaphic Collembola that are usually captured with pitfall traps, and only very few studies so far covered all three life forms. When epedaphic and belowground species are sampled using both methods simultaneously, core data (true densities, [individuals m⁻²]) and pitfall data (activity abundances, [individuals trap⁻¹ length of trapping period⁻¹]) may be analyzed independently, but are incompatible in a common statistical framework. As a remedy, two competing numerical approaches to estimate true densities from activity abundances have been described in literature: the nested-cross array and the two-circle method. Attraction or deterrence effects of trap preservation fluids bias the density estimation of the nested-cross array, but not of the two-circle method. To determine whether this bias may be expected for Collembola, and thus which of the two methods should be used in future studies, we experimentally tested potential effects of preservation fluids on trap catch rates. Three preservation fluids (sodium benzoate, propylene glycol, formaldehyde) and a detergent (Tween80) significantly increased the number of captured springtails, thus demonstrating an attraction effect and the deficiency of the nested-cross array. In future studies of collembolan communities, we therefore suggest complementing the traditional focus on the eu- and hemiedaphic life forms by sampling epedaphic species using pitfalls, and subsequently remodelling the trapping data with the two-circle method.

鞘尾类群落由三种生态形态定义的生命形式组成：雌鞘类生活在土壤基质中，雄鞘类（包括大气生物）生活在地面和植被中，而半鞘类则处于中间状态。绝大多数的春尾草群落研究都集中在地下（雌雄同体和半雌雄同体），一般通过采集和提取土芯来收集。很少有研究涉及到通常使用坑式陷阱捕获的表生鞘翅目昆虫，迄今为止只有极少数研究涵盖了所有三种生命形式。当同时使用两种方法对表生和地下物种进行取样时，岩心数据（真实密度，[个体 m-2]）和坑阱数据（活动丰度，[个体陷阱-1 陷坑期长度-1]）可以独立分析，但在一个共同的统计框架中却互不兼容。作为一种补救措施，文献中描述了两种从活动丰度估算真实密度的相互竞争的数值方法：嵌套交叉阵列法和双圆法。捕集器保存液的吸引或威慑效应会使嵌套交叉阵列法的密度估算产生偏差，但不会使双圆法的密度估算产生偏差。为了确定这种偏差是否会对褶虫造成影响，从而确定在未来的研究中应采用哪种方法，我们通过实验测试了防腐液对诱捕器捕获率的潜在影响。三种保存液（苯甲酸钠、丙二醇、甲醛）和一种洗涤剂（吐温80）显著增加了捕获的鞘尾数量，从而证明了吸引效应和嵌套交叉阵列的不足。因此，在今后的鞘翅目群落研究中，我们建议在传统的重点研究雌雄同体生物的基础上，利用陷阱对雌雄同体物种进行取样，然后用双圈法重新修改诱捕数据。

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引用次数: 0

Insecticide exposure can increase burrow network production and alter burrow network structure in soil dwelling insects (Agriotes spp.) 暴露于杀虫剂会增加土栖昆虫（Agriotes spp.）

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.151000

Samuel W. Booth , Benedikt Kurtz , Martine I.de Heer , Sacha J. Mooney , Craig J. Sturrock

Insecticide treated seeds are commonly used to reduce yield losses from burrowing insect damage such as wireworms. Using temporal X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) of soil-filled bioassays, we aimed to quantify changes in burrow network production and structure as a measure of wireworm behavioural change in response to three types of insecticide treated maize seed; compound X (R&D product in field trial stage of development); tefluthrin and thiamethoxam. A biopesticide alternative treatment (neem), untreated maize seed and bare soil were also investigated. Insect health outcomes were also monitored to provide toxicity/mortality data. Wireworms exposed to compound X produced greater burrow networks than untreated maize and neem treatments, similar to that in volume of those produced in bare soil. Compound X exposure also elicited the production of more complex burrow structures, a function of the number of vertices, edges and faces of a shape (V-E+F) related to the number of interconnected branches, compared to any other treatments. Compound X, tefluthrin and thiamethoxam induced mortality at greater rates than neem or untreated, suggesting all three could have potential to manage wireworm populations and reduce yield loss, but only compound X modified burrowing behaviour. With soil biopores playing an important role in soil productivity and carbon sequestration, the wider implications of this increase in burrowing activity for food security and climate change warrants further exploration.

杀虫剂处理过的种子通常用于减少钻蛀性昆虫（如铁线虫）造成的产量损失。我们利用对土壤填充生物测定的时间 X 射线计算机断层扫描 (CT)，旨在量化洞穴网络产生和结构的变化，以此衡量线虫对三种杀虫剂处理过的玉米种子（化合物 X（处于田间试验开发阶段的 R&D 产品）、氟氯氰菊酯和噻虫嗪）的行为变化的反应。此外，还调查了生物杀虫剂替代处理（印楝）、未处理的玉米种子和裸土。还监测了昆虫的健康状况，以提供毒性/死亡率数据。与未经处理的玉米种子和印楝处理相比，暴露于化合物 X 的铁线虫产生了更大的洞穴网，在体积上与裸土中产生的洞穴网相似。与任何其他处理相比，接触 X 化合物还能产生更复杂的洞穴结构，这是形状的顶点、边和面数量（V-E+F）与相互连接的分支数量相关的函数。化合物 X、氟氯氰菊酯和噻虫嗪诱导的死亡率高于印楝或未处理的化合物，这表明这三种化合物都有可能管理线虫种群并减少产量损失，但只有化合物 X 改变了钻蛀行为。由于土壤生物孔在土壤生产力和碳封存方面发挥着重要作用，这种穴居活动的增加对粮食安全和气候变化的广泛影响值得进一步探讨。

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引用次数: 0

Differential effects of urbanization-induced heavy metal pollution on soil microbial communities under evergreen and deciduous trees 城市化引起的重金属污染对常绿树和落叶树下土壤微生物群落的不同影响

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.150999

Hao Hu , Laiye Qu , Siqi Tao , Naili Zhang

Urbanization has significantly increased heavy metal contamination in urban soils, adversely affecting soil microorganisms, which are vital indicators of soil quality. However, the effects of urbanization-induced metal pollution on soil microbial communities remains largely underestimated. This study examines soil microbial communities and properties beneath the canopy of three deciduous and three evergreen trees in urban parks, situated at varying distances from the city center. The results demonstrated that urbanization consistently alters soil physicochemical properties, including pH, soil moisture, and specific heavy metal contents (e.g., Zn, Mn, Cr). The α-diversity of soil bacterial community was significantly influenced by pH and specific heavy metals (e.g., Cr, Cd), whereas the α-diversity of fungal community was affected by pH, independent of heavy metal concentrations. The response of heavy metal content to urbanization exhibited a consistent pattern across both deciduous and evergreen trees, although the effect differed between these tree types. Furthermore, urbanization impacts the diversity, structure, composition and network of soil microbial communities. Notably, the Shannon index of soil fungal communities under deciduous species shows an initial increase, followed by a decline as urbanization intensifies. In contrast, the Simpson index of soil bacteria under evergreen tree species decreases with increased urbanization. Moreover, urbanization alters soil bacterial networks, with higher network density observed in less urbanized areas. It may also affect microbial functions, such as xenobiotic and lipid metabolism. This study provided a theoretical basis for urban park soil management, which is crucial for enhancing urban soil ecosystem services and mitigating the adverse effects of urbanization.

城市化大大加剧了城市土壤中的重金属污染，对作为土壤质量重要指标的土壤微生物产生了不利影响。然而，城市化引起的金属污染对土壤微生物群落的影响在很大程度上仍被低估。本研究考察了城市公园中三棵落叶树和三棵常绿树树冠下的土壤微生物群落和特性，这些树木距离市中心的距离各不相同。结果表明，城市化会持续改变土壤理化性质，包括 pH 值、土壤湿度和特定重金属含量（如锌、锰、铬）。土壤细菌群落的α-多样性受到 pH 值和特定重金属（如铬、镉）的显著影响，而真菌群落的α-多样性则受到 pH 值的影响，与重金属浓度无关。重金属含量对城市化的反应在落叶树和常绿树中表现出一致的模式，尽管这些树种之间的影响有所不同。此外，城市化还会影响土壤微生物群落的多样性、结构、组成和网络。值得注意的是，落叶树种下土壤真菌群落的香农指数显示出最初的上升，随后随着城市化的加剧而下降。相比之下，常绿树种下土壤细菌的辛普森指数则随着城市化的加剧而下降。此外，城市化改变了土壤细菌网络，在城市化程度较低的地区观察到较高的网络密度。城市化还可能影响微生物的功能，如异生物和脂质代谢。这项研究为城市公园土壤管理提供了理论依据，这对提高城市土壤生态系统服务和减轻城市化的不利影响至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of microbial diversity in various saline soils driven by salt content 由含盐量驱动的各种盐碱地微生物多样性评估

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.150997

Dan Liu , Panpan Gao , Jiahe Niu , Zhaoqi Qu , Songnian Guo , Chenxiao Ding , Yanhong Lou , Quangang Yang , Hui Wang , Zhongchen Yang , Hongjie Di , Hong Pan , Yuping Zhuge

The Yellow River Delta, as an important reserve land resource area, faces soil salinization problems. Understanding the bacterial community composition in saline soils is an important foundation for control and utilization of saline soils. However, few studies have been conducted on the composition of bacterial communities in soils with different degrees of salinization. Thus, saline soils categorized into low-salinity (LS), medium-salinity (MS), and high-salinity (HS) based on electrical conductivity (EC) were collected. The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing analysis was performed to analyze the effects of salinities on soil bacterial community patterns, as well as the relationships between soil bacterial communities and environmental factors. The results showed that Actinobacteriota, Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Acidobacteriota, Gemmatimonadota and Bacteroidota accounted for almost 90 % of all the bacterial community. The linear discriminant analysis effects (LDA > 3.7) showed that 6, 5 and 3 biomarkers were present in LS, MS and HS soils, respectively, which indicated EC was an important factor influencing the saline soil bacterial community patterns. Redundancy analysis further revealed that the primary environmental parameters impacting the bacterial community were pH, EC, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, total phosphorus, and soil organic matter. According to network analysis, the microbial network complexity was increased steadily with increasing of soil salinity. These findings together revealed that bacterial communities could serve as a reliable way to assess and improve the quality of salinized soils.

黄河三角洲作为重要的后备土地资源区，面临着土壤盐碱化问题。了解盐碱土壤中的细菌群落组成是控制和利用盐碱土壤的重要基础。然而，关于不同盐碱化程度土壤中细菌群落组成的研究却很少。因此，我们收集了根据导电率（EC）分为低盐度（LS）、中盐度（MS）和高盐度（HS）的盐碱土。通过 16S rRNA 高通量测序分析了盐度对土壤细菌群落模式的影响，以及土壤细菌群落与环境因素之间的关系。结果表明，放线菌群、变形菌群、绿僵菌群、腐生菌群、酸性菌群、革囊菌群和类杆菌群占细菌群落总数的近 90%。线性判别分析效应（LDA > 3.7）显示，LS、MS 和 HS 土壤中分别存在 6、5 和 3 个生物标记，这表明 EC 是影响盐碱地细菌群落模式的重要因素。冗余分析进一步表明，影响细菌群落的主要环境参数是 pH 值、EC 值、硝酸盐氮、可利用磷、总磷和土壤有机质。根据网络分析，随着土壤盐度的增加，微生物网络的复杂性也在稳步上升。这些发现共同揭示了细菌群落可以作为评估和改善盐渍化土壤质量的可靠方法。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing extraradical mycelium of mycorrhizal fungi in tropical forests using armored in-growth mesh bags 利用装甲生长网袋评估热带森林中菌根真菌的根外菌丝

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.150989

Andrey G. Zuev , Ivan V. Gruzdev , Anton M. Potapov , Ina Schaefer , Stefan Scheu , Alexei V. Tiunov , Nguyen Van Thinh , Anna I. Zueva

The extraradical mycelium of mycorrhizal fungi is among the major carbon pools in soil that is hard to quantitatively assess in-situ. Established method of in-growth mesh bags in temperate ecosystems is difficult to apply in the tropics, where mesh bags are often damaged by termites. Here we introduce a modification of the in-growth mesh bag technique, in which mesh bags are enforced by stainless steel mesh. Its performance was tested in the Đồng Nai (Cát Tiên) National Park in Vietnam across two monsoon tropical forests, dominated by tree species associated with either ectomycorrhizal (ECM) or arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Armored in-growth mesh bags remained intact, while about 60 % of non-armored mesh bags were damaged by termites after 180 days of exposure. The biomass of extraradical mycelium of ectomycorrhizal fungi estimated by PLFA analysis was similar in the armored and non-armored mesh bags and did not differ between studied forests. However, fungal community composition slightly differed between armored and non-armored mesh bags in the ECM- but not in the AM-dominated forest. Fungal mycelium gathered in the AM-dominated forest was depleted in ¹⁵N compared to that collected in the ECM-dominated forest. Overall, our results argue for using armored mesh bags as a robust tool for harvesting the biomass of extraradical mycelium of mycorrhizal fungi in tropical ecosystems.

菌根真菌的根外菌丝是土壤中的主要碳库之一，但很难对其进行现场定量评估。在温带生态系统中使用的内生长网袋法很难在热带地区使用，因为网袋经常被白蚁破坏。在这里，我们介绍了生长期网袋技术的一种改进方法，即用不锈钢网加强网袋。我们在越南的Đồng Nai (Cát Tiên) 国家公园的两片季风热带雨林中测试了这种技术的性能，这两片雨林以与外生菌根真菌（ECM）或丛生菌根真菌（AM）相关的树种为主。经过 180 天的暴露后，生长期内的装甲网袋仍然完好无损，而约 60% 的非装甲网袋被白蚁破坏。用聚合脂肪酸分析法估算的外生菌根真菌菌丝体生物量在装甲网袋和非装甲网袋中相似，在研究的森林中也没有差异。不过，在以 ECM 为主的森林中，装甲网袋和非装甲网袋的真菌群落组成略有不同，而在以 AM 为主的森林中则没有差异。与在以 ECM 为主的森林中收集的真菌菌丝相比，在以 AM 为主的森林中收集的真菌菌丝的 15N 含量较低。总之，我们的研究结果表明，在热带生态系统中，装甲网袋是采集菌根真菌根外菌丝体生物量的有效工具。

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引用次数: 0

Changes in soil arthropods and litter nutrients after prescribed burn in a subtropical moist pastureland 亚热带湿润牧场烧荒后土壤节肢动物和枯落物养分的变化

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.150990

Wei Huang , Grizelle González , María Fernanda Barberena-Arias , Weili Liu , Xiaoming Zou

Plant litter decomposition is driven by soil biota and biophysiochemical conditions as well as substrate quality. Prescribed burns can affect the abundance and diversity of soil arthropods and the biophysiochemical conditions in terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, we examined the effects of a prescribed burn on soil arthropods and litter chemistry in decomposing litter during a total of 469-days field incubation using litter from two grasses, Dichanthium annulatum and Megathyrsus maximus, in a subtropical moist pastureland of Puerto Rico. We found the prescribed burn substantially elevated ultraviolet (UV) radiation and soil temperature; and significantly decreased the diversity of litter total arthropods, especially predators and Mesostigmata mites, during the initial 5 months after the burn. However, the prescribed burn had no effect on either the biophysical environment nor on arthropod abundance and diversity during the subsequent incubation period of >5 months after the burn. Furthermore, the prescribed burn substantially increased the immobilization of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn), and decreased sulfur (S) concentration in the decomposing litter. Prescribed burn had no interactions with substrate quality for percent mass remaining (PMR) and elemental release or accumulation. Low substrate quality D. annulatum litter with a carbon to phosphorus (C/P) ratio of 614 was associated with higher microbivore diversity and higher predator density than higher substrate quality M. maximus litter with a C/P ratio of 266 during the entire incubation period. Lower initial concentration of litter P, magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) in D. annulatum resulted in higher immobilization of these elements in decomposing litter than in M. maximus. Our study suggest that prescribed burn can impose short-term changes in biophysiochemical conditions and the diversity of arthropods in litter decomposition during the initial recovery period of about 5 months after a burn, thus highlighting a high resilience of the grassland ecosystem to fire disturbance, and that it can bring lasting changes in the cycling of Fe, Mn, and S in subtropical moist pastureland that can alter ecosystem productivity.

植物废弃物的分解受土壤生物区系和生物生理化学条件以及基质质量的影响。烧荒会影响土壤节肢动物的数量和多样性以及陆地生态系统的生物生理生化条件。在这项研究中，我们利用波多黎各亚热带湿润牧场中的两种禾本科植物 Dichanthium annulatum 和 Megathyrsus maximus 的枯落物，在长达 469 天的野外培养过程中，考察了烧荒对土壤节肢动物和枯落物分解化学的影响。我们发现，在焚烧后的最初 5 个月中，焚烧大大增加了紫外线辐射和土壤温度，并显著降低了枯落物中节肢动物的多样性，尤其是捕食者和中生螨。然而，在焚烧后 5 个月的潜伏期内，焚烧对生物物理环境以及节肢动物的数量和多样性都没有影响。此外，焚烧大大提高了铁（Fe）和锰（Mn）的固定化程度，并降低了腐烂垃圾中硫（S）的浓度。在剩余质量百分比（PMR）和元素释放或积累方面，烧荒与基质质量没有相互作用。在整个孵化期间，碳磷（C/P）比为 614 的低基质质量 D. annulatum 枯落物与碳磷（C/P）比为 266 的高基质质量 M. maximus 枯落物相比，具有更高的微型食草动物多样性和更高的捕食者密度。D. annulatum的枯落物P、镁（Mg）和钙（Ca）初始浓度较低，导致这些元素在腐烂的枯落物中的固定化程度高于M. maximus。我们的研究表明，在烧伤后约 5 个月的初期恢复期内，烧伤可在短期内改变生物生理生化条件和枯落物分解过程中节肢动物的多样性，从而凸显草原生态系统对火灾干扰的高恢复力，而且烧伤可使亚热带湿润牧场中铁、锰和硒的循环发生持久变化，从而改变生态系统的生产力。

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引用次数: 0

Collembola and ants: Influence of trails of red wood ants (Formica lugubris) on the community of soil springtails 环节动物和蚂蚁红木蚁（Formica lugubris）的足迹对土壤中春蜱群落的影响

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2024.150987

Danila N. Goryunov , Ksenia S. Panina , Anna I. Bokova

Red wood ants are keystone species in forest ecosystems. Because ants are active polyphagous predators, they control the abundance of other arthropods. In addition to direct effects on other species, there are a number of indirect effects caused by ants. In our study, we investigated the influence of ants on springtails, which they rarely come into contact with. Springtails have been set as a model group to assess the state of soil animals, since they are one of the most numerous and widespread groups of soil microarthropods. They are characterized by high sensitivity to environmental changes. The basic characteristics (abundance, species richness, and species diversity) of the springtail community and the response of certain species to the presence of ant trails have been studied. The total abundance and species richness of springtails decreased along ant trails. Among occurred species Parisotoma ParIsotoma notabilis, Lepidacyrtus lignorum, Isotomiella minor, Desoria tigrina, and Pseudasinella alba are the most numerous species both along ant trails and in control samples. There are no significant changes in species diversity (assessed by the Shannon-Weaver index). Species structure of springtail communities along ant trails and in control is different. Two groups of common Collembola species are identified: (1) increasing their numbers in the presence of ants, (2) on the contrary, decreasing. The presence of ants in a forest ecosystem influences the soil springtail community, although ant-Collembola interactions are indirect.

红木蚂蚁是森林生态系统中的关键物种。由于蚂蚁是活跃的多食性捕食者，它们控制着其他节肢动物的数量。除了对其他物种的直接影响外，蚂蚁还造成了许多间接影响。在我们的研究中，我们调查了蚂蚁对春蜱的影响，因为它们很少接触春蜱。由于春尾螨是数量最多、分布最广的土壤微节肢动物之一，因此被设定为评估土壤动物状况的模型类群。它们的特点是对环境变化高度敏感。我们对春尾动物群落的基本特征（丰度、物种丰富度和物种多样性）以及某些物种对蚂蚁足迹存在的反应进行了研究。蚁道沿线春尾的总丰度和物种丰富度都有所下降。在出现的物种中，Parisotoma ParIsotoma notabilis、Lepidacyrtus lignorum、Isotomiella minor、Desoria tigrina 和 Pseudasinella alba 是蚁道沿线和对照样本中数量最多的物种。物种多样性（以香农-韦弗指数评估）没有明显变化。蚁道沿线和对照样本中春尾虫群落的物种结构有所不同。发现两类常见的鞘翅目昆虫：(1) 在有蚂蚁的情况下数量增加，(2) 相反，数量减少。森林生态系统中蚂蚁的存在会影响土壤中的春尾虫群落，尽管蚂蚁与鞘翅目昆虫之间的相互作用是间接的。

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引用次数: 0