Pedobiologia最新文献_第2页

Trichoderma guizhouense enhances tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) Ralstonia wilt suppression by organic fertilizer, focusing on rhizosphere soil bacterial community 有机肥增强贵州木霉对番茄枯萎病的抑制作用，重点关注根际土壤细菌群落

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151094

Yanbo An , Xiaotong Ji , Jiahui Zhang , Qifeng Wu , Wenhao Jin , Jiajia Xing , Hua Qin

Trichoderma guizhouense is recognized as an effective antagonistic fungus against Ralstonia solanacearum, the causative agent of tomato bacterial wilt. However, how T. guizhouense-enriched organic fertilizer affects the survival of R. solanacearum and bacterial community in tomato rhizosphere soil is still poorly understood. To address this, a pot experiment was conducted to assess changes in the abundance of the fliC gene (a marker for R. solanacearum) and to investigate shifts in the rhizosphere bacterial community after T. guizhouense-enriched organic fertilizer application using quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing, respectively. The results showed that T. guizhouense-enriched organic fertilizer application significantly reduced the abundance of fliC gene in tomato rhizosphere soil after 15 days of R. solanacearum inoculation, and notably decreased the disease index of tomato wilt after 13 days of R. solanacearum inoculation (P < 0.05). Compared to common organic fertilizer application alone, T. guizhouense-enriched organic fertilizer application significantly increased the Shannon index of soil bacterial community and enhanced the relative abundance of beneficial bacterial genera, including Caulobacter, Chitinophaga and Bacillus. Both T. guizhouense-enriched organic fertilizer application and R. solanacearum inoculation significantly altered soil bacterial community composition. Moreover, the bacterial co-occurrence network exhibited greater complexity and cohesiveness in the T. guizhouense-enriched organic fertilizer application treatment, which could contribute to maintaining the stability of rhizospheric bacterial community of R. solanacearum-infected tomato. The findings suggested that T. guizhouense-enriched organic fertilizer would significantly suppress bacterial wilt and changed the bacterial community structure of the soil.

贵州木霉是一种有效的拮抗番茄青枯病病原菌。然而，目前对富贵州赤霉素有机肥对番茄根际土壤番茄枯枯菌存活及细菌群落的影响尚不清楚。为了解决这一问题，本研究采用盆栽试验方法，分别利用定量PCR和高通量测序技术，研究了施用贵州稻富有机肥后植株根际细菌群落的变化，以及fliC基因（番茄红霉的标记物）丰度的变化。结果表明，施用贵州赤霉素富有机肥可显著降低接种15 d番茄根际土壤flc基因丰度，显著降低接种13 d番茄枯萎病指数（P <； 0.05）。与单独施用普通有机肥相比，施用贵州土肥显著提高了土壤细菌群落的Shannon指数，提高了Caulobacter、Chitinophaga和Bacillus等有益菌属的相对丰度。施用富含贵州赤霉素的有机肥和接种茄青霉均显著改变了土壤细菌群落组成。富贵州赤霉病有机肥处理的细菌共生网络表现出更大的复杂性和内聚性，有助于维持番茄赤霉病根际细菌群落的稳定性。综上所述，富贵州土有机肥能显著抑制青枯病，改变土壤细菌群落结构。

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引用次数: 0

Variability in depth-mediated shifts in methanogen and methanotroph communities across tropical Andean mountain peatlands 热带安第斯山脉泥炭地产甲烷菌和养甲烷菌群落深度介导转移的变异性

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151093

Angela Lafuente , Louis J. Lamit , Rodney A. Chimner , John Hribljan , Nathan Basiliko , Juan C. Benavides , Erik A. Lilleskov

The balance between methane producing and methane consuming microorganisms is partially responsible for the magnitude and direction of soil-atmosphere methane fluxes. Therefore, understanding the effects of vegetation and land use on relative abundance, community structure and vertical distribution of methane cycling microorganisms should help us interpret patterns of net emissions of methane. Mountain peatlands in the tropics are abundant and are important in global carbon cycling, but little is known about the communities of methane-cycling microorganisms in these ecosystems. We sampled peat from eight Andean peatlands in Peru, Ecuador and Colombia and described the dominant vegetation, grazing intensity and other site characteristics at each site. We characterised the microbial community of each peat sample at different depths and identified the methane cycling microorganisms. We observed a higher proportion of methanogens and methanogen:methanotroph in the shallow peat of grazed sites than ungrazed sites. At ungrazed sites we found relatively high methanotroph abundance relative to methanogens, even at the deepest sampling depths, suggesting plant aerenchymal oxygen transport structures communities at depth. We found changes in the methane cycling microbial communities among sites and with depth, e.g., in the superficial peat the hydrogenotrophic methanogens were more abundant but at depth there was more metabolic diversity. Our study provides new insights into the community structure of methane cycling microorganism of the tropical mountain peatlands, and raises interesting questions regarding the drivers of methanotroph abundance deeper in peat.

产生甲烷和消耗甲烷的微生物之间的平衡是土壤-大气甲烷通量的大小和方向的部分原因。因此，了解植被和土地利用对甲烷循环微生物相对丰度、群落结构和垂直分布的影响将有助于我们解释甲烷净排放的模式。热带山区泥炭地丰富，对全球碳循环具有重要意义，但对这些生态系统中甲烷循环微生物的群落知之甚少。我们从秘鲁、厄瓜多尔和哥伦比亚的8个安第斯泥炭地取样，描述了每个地点的优势植被、放牧强度和其他地点特征。我们对每个泥炭样品在不同深度的微生物群落进行了表征，并鉴定了甲烷循环微生物。放牧地浅层泥炭中产甲烷菌和产甲烷菌所占比例高于未放牧地。在未放牧的地点，即使在最深的采样深度，我们也发现相对于产甲烷菌而言，产甲烷菌的丰度相对较高，这表明植物的通气氧运输结构在深度群落中。我们发现甲烷循环微生物群落在不同地点和深度之间存在变化，例如在浅层泥炭中，氢营养型产甲烷菌更丰富，但在深度上则有更多的代谢多样性。我们的研究为热带山地泥炭地甲烷循环微生物群落结构提供了新的见解，并提出了有关泥炭深层甲烷养分丰度驱动因素的有趣问题。

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引用次数: 0

Greater influence of eukaryotes on carbon degradation potentials than prokaryotes along an elevation gradient 沿着海拔梯度，真核生物对碳降解潜力的影响比原核生物更大

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151092

Weihong Huang , Junqi Wang , Yan Zhou , Ximei Xue , He Zeng , Mingkuang Wang , Hendrikus J. Laanbroek , Qiufang Zhang

Prokaryotic and eukaryotic microbial diversities are regulated by soil properties (e.g., soil organic matter, SOM), but their interactions and capacity to degrade carbon compounds remain unclear due to vegetation succession along elevation and climatic gradients. Fresh soils from different elevations and climates were collected from five sites covering different vegetation distributed vertically in the typical subtropical zone of Wuyishan. The community composition of microorganisms, carbon-degrading potentials and soil properties were analysed. The results showed that SOM, i.e., organic carbon, humus and fulvic acid, increased significantly along the vegetation types that existed along the elevation gradients. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities were distinguished by elevation and vegetation type, respectively. The pivotal role of prokaryotes in co-occurrence network was stronger than that of eukaryotes. The available potassium, organic carbon, humus, fulvic acids and humin carbons significantly affected the composition of prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In contrast, ammonium and available phosphorus alone affected the prokaryotic community composition, while pH and nitrate only affected the eukaryotic community composition. Correlations between carbon utilization potential and dominant eukaryotic taxa were more intense than those with prokaryotic taxa. Compared with prokaryotes, the carbon utilization potentials of eukaryotic taxa were more limited by changes in climate driven by increasing elevation. Our study illuminated that the differences in elevation gradient and vegetation type jointly drove the distinct diversity of the microbial communities and further affected their carbon-degrading potential. It would give insight into predict the effects of microorganisms on the carbon content transformation of different vegetation types under climate change.

原核和真核微生物多样性受土壤性质（如土壤有机质）的调节，但由于植被沿海拔和气候梯度的演替，它们的相互作用和降解碳化合物的能力尚不清楚。在武夷山典型亚热带不同植被垂直分布的5个站点采集不同海拔和气候的新鲜土壤。分析了土壤微生物群落组成、碳降解潜力和土壤性质。结果表明：土壤有机质（有机碳、腐殖质和黄腐酸）沿高程梯度分布的植被类型显著增加；原核生物群落和真核生物群落分别以海拔高度和植被类型区分。原核生物在共现网络中的关键作用强于真核生物。速效钾、有机碳、腐殖质、黄腐酸和人类碳对原核生物和真核生物的组成有显著影响。铵态氮和有效磷单独影响原核生物群落组成，而pH和硝酸盐只影响真核生物群落组成。碳利用潜力与优势真核类群的相关性比与优势原核类群的相关性更强。与原核生物相比，真核生物类群的碳利用潜力更受海拔升高引起的气候变化的限制。研究表明，海拔梯度和植被类型的差异共同驱动了微生物群落的明显多样性，并进一步影响了它们的碳降解潜力。这将有助于预测气候变化下微生物对不同植被类型碳含量转化的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria-mediated remediation of glyphosate-contaminated tea plantation soils through restoration of nutrient cycling and microbial diversity 促进植物生长的根瘤菌介导的草甘膦污染茶园土壤养分循环和微生物多样性修复

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151090

Xu Zhang , Min Cai , Jiaji Lin , Weidong Wang , Yujie Jiao , Litang Lu

Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide widely used in tea plantations worldwide, however, its excessive use has exerted significant negative impacts on soil ecology and tea plant growth. Therefore, effective ecological remediation strategies are urgently required. In this study, a three-year field experiment was conducted in a glyphosate-treated tea plantation soil, where a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) compound inoculant was applied following herbicide treatment. Metagenomic analysis was further performed to evaluate the remediation efficacy of PGPR. The results demonstrated that PGPR application significantly increased soil pH and nutrient levels (e.g., organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) and enhanced soil enzyme activities, including protease, urease, acid phosphatase. PGPR inoculation also restored microbial diversity, optimized community structure, and upregulated functional genes associated with carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling. Moreover, tea leaf quality was improved, as evidenced by an increase in amino acid content and a reduction in phenol-ammonia ratio. Overall, the introduction of PGPR effectively mitigated the adverse impacts of glyphosate, thereby improving soil health and tea quality. These findings indicate that PGPR represents an environmentally friendly bioremediation strategy capable of restoring glyphosate-contaminated tea plantation soils and its ecosystem functions, thereby underscoring its practical value and ecological significance for sustainable tea plantation management.

草甘膦是一种广泛应用于全球茶园的广谱除草剂，但草甘膦的过量使用对土壤生态和茶树生长产生了显著的负面影响。因此，迫切需要有效的生态修复策略。本研究在草甘膦处理的茶园土壤中进行了为期3年的田间试验，在除草剂处理后施用促进植物生长的根瘤菌（PGPR）复合接种剂。进一步进行宏基因组分析，评价PGPR的修复效果。结果表明，施用PGPR显著提高了土壤pH值和养分水平（如有机碳、速效氮、磷和钾），提高了土壤酶活性，包括蛋白酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶。接种PGPR还恢复了微生物多样性，优化了群落结构，上调了与碳、氮、磷循环相关的功能基因。此外，氨基酸含量增加，酚氨比降低，茶叶品质得到改善。总体而言，PGPR的引入有效减轻了草甘膦的不利影响，从而改善了土壤健康和茶叶品质。这些结果表明，PGPR是一种环境友好型的生物修复策略，能够恢复草甘膦污染的茶园土壤及其生态系统功能，从而强调了其在可持续茶园管理中的实用价值和生态意义。

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引用次数: 0

Soil biodiversity drives ecosystem multifunctionality across natural and degraded Atlantic Forest landscapes 土壤生物多样性推动大西洋自然和退化森林景观生态系统的多功能性

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151079

Gislaine dos Santos Nascimento , Tancredo Augusto Feitosa de Souza , Jeane Cruz Portela

Soil biodiversity is a fundamental driver of ecosystem multifunctionality, yet its role in tropical seasonal dry forests remains underexplored. In this study, we evaluated how soil biodiversity influences primary production, ecosystem stability, nutrient cycling, and soil fertility across three land uses (natural ecosystem, pasture, and deforested area) and two seasons (rainy and dry), using a 3 × 2 randomized block design replicated over three years. Soil biodiversity was characterized through the abundance and diversity of insects, arachnids, myriapods, nematodes, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, macroscopic fungi, and microbial gene diversity. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed strong positive relationships between soil biodiversity and primary production (r = 0.97), ecosystem stability (r = 0.98), and nutrient cycling (r = 0.82). The multifunctionality index was up to 2.4 times higher in natural ecosystems compared to deforested sites. Deforestation led to an 88 % reduction in plant richness, replacing native species with disturbance-tolerant taxa such as Cenchrus echinatus and Mimosa hostilis. PCA and PERMANOVA confirmed significant impacts of land use on multifunctionality (p < 0.001), with the natural ecosystem exhibiting higher functional performance, except for soil fertility, which remained unchanged. Our results demonstrate that soil biodiversity is not merely a passive ecosystem component but a critical determinant of ecosystem functioning and resilience. To support long-term sustainability in tropical dry forests, land management and restoration efforts should explicitly integrate soil biodiversity conservation strategies. These include preserving native vegetation, minimizing soil disturbance, and promoting diverse soil communities to maintain multifunctionality under increasing environmental pressures.

土壤生物多样性是生态系统多功能性的基本驱动力，但其在热带季节性干旱森林中的作用仍未得到充分探索。在这项研究中，我们利用3 × 2的随机区组设计，评估了土壤生物多样性如何影响三种土地利用方式（自然生态系统、牧场和毁林区）和两个季节（雨季和旱季）的初级生产、生态系统稳定性、养分循环和土壤肥力。土壤生物多样性主要表现为昆虫、蛛形纲、多足类、线虫、丛枝菌根真菌、宏观真菌和微生物基因多样性的丰度和多样性。Pearson相关分析表明，土壤生物多样性与初级生产（r = 0.97）、生态系统稳定性（r = 0.98）和养分循环（r = 0.82）呈正相关关系。与毁林地相比，自然生态系统的多功能性指数最高可达2.4倍。森林砍伐导致植物丰富度减少了88 %，本地物种被耐干扰的分类群（如Cenchrus echinatus和Mimosa hostiis）所取代。PCA和PERMANOVA证实了土地利用对多功能性的显著影响（p <； 0.001），除了土壤肥力保持不变外，自然生态系统表现出更高的功能表现。我们的研究结果表明，土壤生物多样性不仅仅是一个被动的生态系统组成部分，而且是生态系统功能和恢复力的关键决定因素。为支持热带干旱森林的长期可持续性，土地管理和恢复工作应明确纳入土壤生物多样性保护战略。这些措施包括保护原生植被，尽量减少土壤干扰，促进土壤群落多样化，以在日益增加的环境压力下保持多功能。

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引用次数: 0

Subtropical EM- surmmcpass AM-dominated forests in increasing soil inorganic nitrogen availability: Evidence from a controlled field experiment 亚热带EM- surmpass am主导森林提高土壤无机氮有效性：来自对照田间试验的证据

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151080

Yiting Qiu , Hang-Wei Hu , Hao Yang , Xiaoyu Chen , Jiamian Shi , Guigang Lin , Liuming Yang , Shengsheng Jin , Guangshui Chen , Jun-Tao Wang , Zhiqun Huang , Ji-Zheng He , Yong Zheng

Although the impacts of tree mycorrhizal type on soil nitrogen (N) cycling have been extensively studied in temperate forests, our knowledge from subtropical forests remains limited. We investigated soil N availability, specific N-acquisition enzyme activities (specific Nacq) and their relationships in 2-year old forests with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EM) trees planting, for two seasons. Results showed that soil inorganic N (NH₄⁺-N and NO₃^–-N) and specific Nacq were significantly higher in EM than in AM forests in the summer. There was a significant negative correlation between soil specific Nacq and NO₃^–-N content, indicating that increased N availability significantly inhibited specific Nacq. This study improves our understanding of soil N cycling by revealing the relationship between soil specific Nacq and inorganic N dynamics in subtropical AM- and EM-dominated forests.

虽然树木菌根类型对土壤氮循环的影响已经在温带森林中得到了广泛的研究，但我们对亚热带森林的了解仍然有限。研究了2年生丛枝菌根（AM）和外生菌根（EM）树木造林的土壤氮素有效性、特定氮素获取酶活性（specific Nacq）及其相互关系。结果表明，夏季EM林地土壤无机氮（NH4+-N、NO3——N）和比Nacq显著高于AM林地；土壤特定Nacq与NO3—N含量呈显著负相关，说明氮素有效性的提高显著抑制了土壤特定Nacq。本研究揭示了亚热带AM和em优势林地土壤特定Nacq与无机氮动态的关系，提高了我们对土壤氮循环的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Microannelids (Enchytraeidae, Naididae, Parergodrilidae) along a 4000 m Afrotropical elevational gradient on Mount Cameroon 喀麦隆山海拔4000 m的热带海拔梯度上的微链动物（蛭形虫科、蛭形虫科、拟蛭形虫科）

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151078

Jiří Schlaghamerský , Rüdiger M. Schmelz , Jiří Doležal , Miloslav Devetter

Knowledge of the enchytraeid fauna in sub-Saharan Africa is limited to a few specimens collected during the 20th century, often described as new species. No quantitative data or records of other annelids within the soil mesofauna have been reported. Addressing this gap, we studied species diversity, densities and biomass of soil-dwelling microannelids across a wide range of habitats. In 2013, during the transition from the wet to dry season, we sampled an elevational gradient on Mount Cameroon from coastal lowland rainforest, through montane forests and savanna, to Afroalpine grassland at 4000 m a.s.l. (11 elevations, 3 sites each). Specimens obtained by wet funnel extraction were counted, measured and identified based on morphological characters (molecular barcoding of some). Biomass was assessed based on the body length : volume ratio. The obtained 357 specimens represented approximately 16 enchytraeid species (many yet to be described) from 6 genera (Buchholzia, Enchytraeus, Fridericia, Hemienchytraeus, Henlea, and Xetadrilus), Pristina cf. jenkinae (Naididae) and the "polychaete" Parergodrilus cf. heideri (Parergodrilidae). The latter was recorded for the first time in Africa and in the tropics. Mean microannelid densities varied from 0 in the savanna at 3100 m a.s.l. to 4178 ± 875 individuals per square metre (± SE) in Afroalpine grassland at 4000 m a.s.l., where also the highest biomass, 0.88 g dry weight per square metre, was reached. Whereas species richness was considerable, densities were comparable to the few tropical sites for which data have been published but much lower than those often found in colder climates.

在撒哈拉以南非洲，人们对内壳类动物的了解仅限于20世纪收集的一些标本，这些标本通常被描述为新物种。土壤中动物群中没有其他环节动物的定量数据或记录。为了填补这一空白，我们研究了土壤微环节动物在广泛栖息地的物种多样性、密度和生物量。2013年，在从湿季到旱季的过渡期间，我们对喀麦隆山的海拔梯度进行了采样，从沿海低地雨林，到山地森林和稀树草原，再到海拔4000 m的非洲高山草原（11个海拔高度，每个海拔3个地点）。通过湿漏斗提取得到的标本，根据形态学特征（部分标本的分子条形码）进行计数、测量和鉴定。生物量根据体长 ： 体积比进行评估。获得的357个标本代表了6属（Buchholzia, Enchytraeus, Fridericia, Hemienchytraeus， Henlea和Xetadrilus）， Pristina cf. jenkinae （Naididae）和“多毛纲”Parergodrilus cf. heideri （Parergodrilidae）的16种（许多尚未描述）。后者首次在非洲和热带地区被记录。平均微链动物密度在热带稀树草原（3100 m a.s.l.）为0，在非洲高寒草原（4000 m a.s.l.）为4178 ± 875只/平方米（±SE），其中生物量最高，为0.88 g /平方米干重。虽然物种丰富度相当可观，但密度与已公布数据的少数热带地点相当，但远低于在较冷气候中经常发现的物种。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of agricultural practices and crops on soil fauna and soil properties in tropical agroecosystems 农业实践和作物对热带农业生态系统土壤动物和土壤性质的影响

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151077

Gladys Loranger-Merciris , Aurélie Jean-Pierre , Valérie Angeon , Harry Ozier-Lafontaine

At the interface with the other compartments of the earth, soil performs many vital functions for the planet and its inhabitants and is subject to current global changes. Today, more than ever, soil and its management are at the heart of many issues (food security, climate change, environment, health…) and maintaining its biodiversity through appropriate agricultural practices is a key challenge. The overall objective of this study was to assess soil fauna abundance and richness across different tropical cropping systems (intensive versus agroecological) and crop type (tomato, yam, pasture). We assumed that (i) agroecological practices will increase soil fauna abundance and taxonomic richness; (ii) agroecological practices will positively affect the ability of soil fauna to influence soil ecological properties, such as soil aggregation and chemical properties. Our results showed that the abundance and richness of soil macrofauna increased in the agroecological system compared to the conventional system. Our study also showed that crop type influenced soil fauna and should be taken into account to better understand the impact of agricultural practices on soil ecological properties.

在与地球其他部分的界面上，土壤为地球及其居民发挥着许多重要功能，并受到当前全球变化的影响。今天，土壤及其管理比以往任何时候都更处于许多问题（粮食安全、气候变化、环境、健康……）的核心，通过适当的农业做法保持其生物多样性是一项关键挑战。本研究的总体目标是评估不同热带种植制度（集约化与生态农业）和作物类型（番茄、山药、牧草）土壤动物的丰度和丰富度。我们假设：(1)农业生态实践将增加土壤动物的丰富度和分类丰富度；（ii）生态农业做法将对土壤动物影响土壤生态特性（如土壤聚集性和化学特性）的能力产生积极影响。结果表明，与常规系统相比，农业生态系统中土壤大型动物的丰度和丰富度有所增加。我们的研究还表明，作物类型对土壤动物的影响应该被考虑在内，以便更好地了解农业实践对土壤生态特性的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Long-term weed control alters arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community and increases wheat yield in a rice-wheat cropping system of East China 长期杂草控制改变了华东地区稻麦复合种植体系的丛枝菌根真菌群落，提高了小麦产量

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151076

Qiang Li , Jian Liu , Junming Shen , Yaguang Xue , Yafeng Wei , Zichang Zhang , Ali El-Keblawy , Mohamed S. Sheteiwy , Amal M. Fakhry , Haishui Yang

Rational weed control in arable land is a key contributor to enhancing the diversity and functionality of beneficial soil microorganism, such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). However, little is known about how long-term weed control practices affect the AMF community, especially in rice-wheat double cropping systems. Here, the effects of weed controls on soil properties, AMF community and wheat yield were determined based on a long-term experiment established in 2001 in a rice-wheat cropping system of East China. All weed control treatments include: (ⅰ) CK, no weeding; (ⅱ) MH, manual weeding (M) + herbicide application (H); (ⅲ) WaH, Hindering seeds dispersed from water (Wa) + H; (ⅳ) WaM, Wa + M; (ⅴ) WaMH, Wa + M + H. Results demonstrated that AMF diversity was significantly lower under MH, but not changed under WaH, WaM, or WaMH compared to CK. Meanwhile, AMF diversity was largely affected by total nitrogen and soil organic carbon. Similarly, AMF community composition was markedly affected by total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, and microbial biomass nitrogen. Moreover, four weeding treatments notably increased wheat yield by 52.6 %-62.2 % compared to CK. Wheat yield was significantly correlated to AMF key indicator taxa. Overall, WaH effectively links soil nutrient dynamics, AMF community characteristics, and wheat productivity in rice-wheat double cropping systems.

合理控制耕地杂草是提高丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）等有益土壤微生物多样性和功能的关键因素。然而，人们对长期杂草控制措施对AMF群落的影响知之甚少，特别是在稻麦两熟系统中。在2001年建立的华东地区水稻-小麦种植系统长期试验基础上，研究了杂草控制对土壤性质、AMF群落和小麦产量的影响。所有除草处理包括：（ⅰ）CK，不除草；（ⅱ）MH，人工除草(M) + 除草剂(H)；（ⅲ）WaH，阻碍种子从水中扩散(Wa) + H；（ⅳ）WaM, Wa + M；（ⅴ）WaMH, Wa + M + H。结果表明，与对照相比，MH处理下AMF多样性显著降低，而WaH、WaM和WaMH处理下AMF多样性没有变化。同时，土壤有机质多样性主要受全氮和土壤有机碳的影响。全氮、硝态氮、铵态氮、速效磷和微生物量氮对羊草群落组成也有显著影响。与对照相比，4个除草处理显著提高小麦产量52.6% % ~ 62.2 %。小麦产量与AMF关键指标类群呈显著相关。总体而言，WaH有效地将水稻-小麦双作系统中土壤养分动态、AMF群落特征和小麦生产力联系起来。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of soil feeding activity using different bait materials for the bait-lamina test: A small-scale study in Eucalyptus blocks 评估不同饵料在饵料层试验中的土壤摄食活性：桉树小区的小规模研究

IF 2.2 3区农林科学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Pedobiologia

Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2025.151074

M. Eckert , M.J. Boulle , J.S. Pryke , D.M. Drew

A standard bait material (consisting of cellulose powder, wheat bran and activated charcoal) has been proposed for the bait-lamina test, however, several studies have deviated from using this. It is unclear whether different bait materials deliver similar, comparable results. In a small-scale, field-based study, we compared three baits namely oat bran, nettle (Urtica dioica) and jelly (i.e. Jell-O) to the standard wheat bran bait. Sites, with high environmental variation between them, were selected in mature, cleared and naturally recovering Eucalyptus grandis blocks located in the Western Cape, South Africa. Contrary to previous research, we found soil feeding activity fluctuated across the soil profile instead of progressively decreasing with soil depth, which can potentially be attributed to the soil’s dry and hot summer conditions. Our results indicate that wheat bran remains the most effective bait with the bait-lamina test. Compared to the standard wheat bran bait, the nettle bait presented the lowest estimates of feeding activity across all sites, while the jelly bait showed similar levels of soil feeding activity within each block. Therefore, the nettle bait cannot be recommended as a bait material, while the jelly bait could serve as an adequate proxy for the wheat bran bait. These results are particularly important for small-scale studies, such as the present study, to obtain snapshots of potential bait preferences. However, more research on bait preference is required by conducting larger-scale studies across different systems, climatic regions and environmental conditions in order to understand the relationship between soil organisms and their feeding activity when offered different bait materials.

一种标准的诱饵材料（由纤维素粉、麦麸和活性炭组成）已经被提议用于诱饵层试验，然而，一些研究已经偏离了使用这种材料。目前尚不清楚不同的诱饵材料是否会产生类似的、可比较的结果。在一项小规模的实地研究中，我们将燕麦麸、荨麻（荨麻）和果冻（即Jell-O）三种诱饵与标准麦麸诱饵进行了比较。场地之间的环境差异很大，选择在位于南非西开普省的成熟、清理和自然恢复的大桉树块中。与以往的研究相反，我们发现土壤摄食活动在整个土壤剖面上波动，而不是随着土壤深度逐渐减少，这可能归因于土壤的干燥和炎热的夏季条件。实验结果表明，麦麸仍是最有效的饵料。与标准麦麸饵料相比，荨麻饵料在所有地点呈现出最低的摄食活性，而果冻饵料在每个区域显示出相似的土壤摄食活性。因此，不能推荐荨麻饵料作为饵料，而果冻饵料可以作为麦麸饵料的合适替代品。这些结果对于小规模研究，如本研究，获得潜在诱饵偏好的快照尤为重要。然而，在不同的系统、气候区域和环境条件下，需要进行更大规模的饵料偏好研究，以了解不同饵料条件下土壤生物及其摄食活动之间的关系。

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引用次数: 0