Abstract Animal-Borne Ocean Sensors—AniBOS—is an emerging network of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). AniBOS makes freely available oceanographic measurements across the hard-to-observe world's polar and tropical oceans from miniaturized sensors attached to marine animals. These data complement conventional approaches by providing both physical and ecological data in remote ocean regions directly at the scale and resolution at which animals move. AniBOS fills an important observational gap by integrating animal-collected data within the GOOS to improve our ability to observe and predict global climate processes and animal behavior, both of which are essential components of the Decade of Ocean Science.
{"title":"Animal-Borne Ocean Sensors: A Decadal Vision Through New Eyes","authors":"C. McMahon, F. Roquet","doi":"10.4031/mtsj.56.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Animal-Borne Ocean Sensors—AniBOS—is an emerging network of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). AniBOS makes freely available oceanographic measurements across the hard-to-observe world's polar and tropical oceans from miniaturized sensors attached\u0000 to marine animals. These data complement conventional approaches by providing both physical and ecological data in remote ocean regions directly at the scale and resolution at which animals move. AniBOS fills an important observational gap by integrating animal-collected data within the GOOS\u0000 to improve our ability to observe and predict global climate processes and animal behavior, both of which are essential components of the Decade of Ocean Science.","PeriodicalId":49878,"journal":{"name":"Marine Technology Society Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43762295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Matsumoto, K. Johnson, S. Riser, L. Talley, S. Wijffels, R. Hotinski
Abstract The Global Ocean Biogeochemistry (GO-BGC) Array is a project funded by the US National Science Foundation to build a global network of chemical and biological sensors on Argo profiling floats. The network will monitor biogeochemical cycles and ocean health. The floats will collect from a depth of 2,000 meters to the surface, augmenting the existing Argo array that monitors ocean temperature and salinity. Data will be made freely available within a day of being collected via the Argo data system. These data will allow scientists to pursue fundamental questions concerning ocean ecosystems, monitor ocean health and productivity, and observe the elemental cycles of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen through all seasons of the year. Such essential data are needed to improve computer models of ocean fisheries and climate, to monitor and forecast the effects of ocean warming and ocean acidification on sea life, and to address key questions identified in “Sea Change: 2015‐2025 Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences” such as: What is the ocean's role in regulating the carbon cycle? What are the natural and anthropogenic drivers of open ocean deoxygenation? What are the consequences of ocean acidification? How do physical changes in mixing and circulation affect nutrient availability and ocean productivity?
{"title":"The Global Ocean Biogeochemistry (GO-BGC) Array of Profiling Floats to Observe Changing Ocean Chemistry and Biology","authors":"G. Matsumoto, K. Johnson, S. Riser, L. Talley, S. Wijffels, R. Hotinski","doi":"10.4031/mtsj.56.3.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.3.25","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Global Ocean Biogeochemistry (GO-BGC) Array is a project funded by the US National Science Foundation to build a global network of chemical and biological sensors on Argo profiling floats. The network will monitor biogeochemical cycles and ocean health. The floats\u0000 will collect from a depth of 2,000 meters to the surface, augmenting the existing Argo array that monitors ocean temperature and salinity. Data will be made freely available within a day of being collected\u0000 via the Argo data system. These data will allow scientists to pursue fundamental questions concerning ocean ecosystems, monitor ocean health and productivity, and observe the elemental cycles of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen through all seasons of the year. Such essential data are needed to\u0000 improve computer models of ocean fisheries and climate, to monitor and forecast the effects of ocean warming and ocean acidification on sea life, and to address key questions identified in “Sea Change: 2015‐2025 Decadal Survey of Ocean Sciences” such as: What is the ocean's\u0000 role in regulating the carbon cycle? What are the natural and anthropogenic drivers of open ocean deoxygenation? What are the consequences of ocean acidification? How do physical changes in mixing and circulation affect nutrient availability and ocean productivity?","PeriodicalId":49878,"journal":{"name":"Marine Technology Society Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42636444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The Ocean Decade project “Scientists for Ocean Literacy” is helping marine scientists become more actively involved in public engagement. Scientists have the power, knowledge, and passion to explain the importance of the ocean for the planet. But scientists cannot do this alone. Scientists for Ocean Literacy aims at expanding the horizon of science communication towards a multi-stakeholder dialogue. The project is building on the best practices from the European community of oceanographers and meteorologists, bringing in other science disciplines, culture, and the arts, and promoting inclusiveness, diversity, and accessibility in the public engagement activities. This article explains the raison d'être for the Scientists for Ocean Literacy project, its objectives and actions, and gives recommendations on how to improve the ocean literacy offer in the publicly funded oceanographic and meteorological agencies and beyond.
{"title":"Scientists for Ocean Literacy: An Ocean Decade Project to Empower Scientists as Ocean Champions","authors":"Dina Eparkhina","doi":"10.4031/mtsj.56.3.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.3.22","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Ocean Decade project “Scientists for Ocean Literacy” is helping marine scientists become more actively involved in public engagement. Scientists have the power, knowledge, and passion to explain the importance of the ocean for the planet. But scientists\u0000 cannot do this alone. Scientists for Ocean Literacy aims at expanding the horizon of science communication towards a multi-stakeholder dialogue. The project is building on the best practices from the European community of oceanographers and meteorologists, bringing in other science disciplines,\u0000 culture, and the arts, and promoting inclusiveness, diversity, and accessibility in the public engagement activities. This article explains the raison d'être for the Scientists for Ocean Literacy project, its objectives and actions, and gives recommendations on how to improve the ocean\u0000 literacy offer in the publicly funded oceanographic and meteorological agencies and beyond.","PeriodicalId":49878,"journal":{"name":"Marine Technology Society Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45119104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margaret Leinen, F. Chavez, Raïssa Meyer, P. Buttigieg, Neil Davies, R. Casotti, Astrid Fischer
Abstract Ocean life—from viruses to whales—is built from “biomolecules.” Biomolecules such as DNA infuse each drop of ocean water, grain of sediment, and breath of ocean air. The Ocean Biomolecular Observing Network (OBON) is developing a global collaboration that will allow science and society to understand ocean life like never before. The program will transform how we sense, harvest, protect, and manage ocean life using molecular techniques, as it faces multiple stresses including pollution, habitat loss, and climate change. It will also help communities detect biological hazards such as harmful algal blooms and pathogens, and be a key component of next-generation ocean observing systems. OBON will encourage continuous standardization and intercalibration of methods and data interoperability to help enhance and future-proof capabilities. OBON's objectives are: 1) to build a coastal-to-open ocean multi-omics biodiversity observing system; 2) to develop and transfer capacity between partners; 3) to enhance marine ecosystem digitization and modelling and 4) to coordinate action on pressing scientific, management, and policy questions.
{"title":"The Ocean Biomolecular Observing Network (OBON)","authors":"Margaret Leinen, F. Chavez, Raïssa Meyer, P. Buttigieg, Neil Davies, R. Casotti, Astrid Fischer","doi":"10.4031/mtsj.56.3.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.3.20","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ocean life—from viruses to whales—is built from “biomolecules.” Biomolecules such as DNA infuse each drop of ocean water, grain of sediment, and breath of ocean air. The Ocean Biomolecular Observing Network (OBON) is developing a global collaboration\u0000 that will allow science and society to understand ocean life like never before. The program will transform how we sense, harvest, protect, and manage ocean life using molecular techniques, as it faces multiple stresses including pollution, habitat loss, and climate change. It will also help\u0000 communities detect biological hazards such as harmful algal blooms and pathogens, and be a key component of next-generation ocean observing systems. OBON will encourage continuous standardization and intercalibration of methods and data interoperability to help enhance and future-proof capabilities.\u0000 OBON's objectives are: 1) to build a coastal-to-open ocean multi-omics biodiversity observing system; 2) to develop and transfer capacity between partners; 3) to enhance marine ecosystem digitization and modelling and 4) to coordinate action on pressing scientific, management, and policy questions.","PeriodicalId":49878,"journal":{"name":"Marine Technology Society Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42797823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Sound is a persistent yet dynamic component of the maritime environment. Understanding sound in the ocean is critical to support users of, and life within, the ocean. The United Nations Ocean Decade Research Program on the Maritime Acoustic Environment will establish a comprehensive program aimed at measuring and objectively characterizing underwater acoustic environments at regional to global scales. The program is inclusive of physical, biological, and anthropogenic components. We aim to foster new scientific knowledge, technologies, approaches to data collection, and dissemination that facilitate the use of sound for analyzing, evaluating, and predicting ocean-life systems.
{"title":"The Ocean Decade Research Program on the Maritime Acoustic Environment (OD-MAE)","authors":"Heather R. Spence, K. M. Becker, E. Parsons","doi":"10.4031/mtsj.56.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sound is a persistent yet dynamic component of the maritime environment. Understanding sound in the ocean is critical to support users of, and life within, the ocean. The United Nations Ocean Decade Research Program on the Maritime Acoustic Environment will establish\u0000 a comprehensive program aimed at measuring and objectively characterizing underwater acoustic environments at regional to global scales. The program is inclusive of physical, biological, and anthropogenic components. We aim to foster new scientific knowledge, technologies, approaches to data\u0000 collection, and dissemination that facilitate the use of sound for analyzing, evaluating, and predicting ocean-life systems.","PeriodicalId":49878,"journal":{"name":"Marine Technology Society Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45493174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Darnaude, Yael Teff Seker, F. Costantini, S. Tanner, A. Sturrock, L. López-López, Hidalgo Manuel, M. Beger, Ant Türkmen, M. Peck, Filip Volkaert, E. Hunter
Abstract The European COST Action “Unifying Approaches to Marine Connectivity for improved Resource Management for the Seas” (SEA-UNICORN, 2020‐2025) is an international research coordination initiative that unites an interdisciplinary community of scientists and policymakers from over 100 organizations across Europe and beyond. It is establishing a globally harmonized framework to deliver actionable, transdisciplinary knowledge of marine functional connectivity, promoting a sustainable blue economy and ocean conservation. Planning sustainable development in rapidly changing oceans requires a thorough comprehension of marine biodiversity and the processes underpinning the functioning of ecosystems. Connectivity among marine populations and habitats facilitates the persistence and resilience of vulnerable species and ecosystems and controls the spread of invasive species. Constructing effective networks of restoration or conservation areas and promoting sustainable harvesting requires knowledge of connectivity. SEA-UNICORN advances worldwide collaboration by coordinating the collection, sharing, and application of knowledge on species, community, and ecosystem connectivity at sea and at the land‐sea interface. It engages scientists from diverse areas and early-career researchers and creates a stronger match between natural and social science and policy needs to better address key environmental issues that challenge the future of our planet.
{"title":"The SEA-UNICORN European COST Action: Advancing Knowledge on Marine Connectivity to Support Transition to a Sustainable Blue Economy","authors":"A. Darnaude, Yael Teff Seker, F. Costantini, S. Tanner, A. Sturrock, L. López-López, Hidalgo Manuel, M. Beger, Ant Türkmen, M. Peck, Filip Volkaert, E. Hunter","doi":"10.4031/mtsj.56.3.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.3.19","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The European COST Action “Unifying Approaches to Marine Connectivity for improved Resource Management for the Seas” (SEA-UNICORN, 2020‐2025) is an international research coordination initiative that unites an interdisciplinary community of scientists\u0000 and policymakers from over 100 organizations across Europe and beyond. It is establishing a globally harmonized framework to deliver actionable, transdisciplinary knowledge of marine functional connectivity, promoting a sustainable blue economy and ocean conservation. Planning sustainable\u0000 development in rapidly changing oceans requires a thorough comprehension of marine biodiversity and the processes underpinning the functioning of ecosystems. Connectivity among marine populations and habitats facilitates the persistence and resilience of vulnerable species and ecosystems and\u0000 controls the spread of invasive species. Constructing effective networks of restoration or conservation areas and promoting sustainable harvesting requires knowledge of connectivity. SEA-UNICORN advances worldwide collaboration by coordinating the collection, sharing, and application of knowledge\u0000 on species, community, and ecosystem connectivity at sea and at the land‐sea interface. It engages scientists from diverse areas and early-career researchers and creates a stronger match between natural and social science and policy needs to better address key environmental issues that\u0000 challenge the future of our planet.","PeriodicalId":49878,"journal":{"name":"Marine Technology Society Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49028538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021‐2030) Annual Special Issue of the Marine Technology Society Journal","authors":"L. Hotaling","doi":"10.4031/mtsj.56.3.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.3.26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49878,"journal":{"name":"Marine Technology Society Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46807357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract “CANAL STUDY” at a junior high school in Minato Ward in the Central Tokyo Bay Area has been involved with the Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Aquatic Marine Environmental Education efforts to promote Aquatic Marine Environmental Literacy (AMEL). AMEL is the ability to understand the interaction between humans and the aquatic environment, and to utilize the knowledge in decision making. AMEL is almost synonymous with Ocean Literacy, but regional characteristics such as traditional knowledge and conventional knowledge have been added. In this article, the research results of CANAL STUDY will be introduced and the significance of CANAL STUDY will be discussed from the viewpoint of self-determination theory and relational values, suggesting the direction of UNESCO Ocean literacy education planned for the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. The CANAL STUDY, based on the learning cycle theory, has fostered AMEL, scientific inquiry skill development, attachment to the community, a sense of competence, and motivation for each learner to take the initiative for solving problems, such as improving the water quality of Tokyo Bay. Currently, Ocean Literacy Education is being tackled all over the world, but CANAL STUDY is an effective example that shows concrete methods and directions for the effective promotion of Ocean literacy education. In addition, it was shown that enhancing Ocean literacy fosters relational values.
{"title":"Toward Achievement of the UN Ocean Decade: Does “CANAL STUDY” in Central Tokyo Bay Area Enhance Ocean Literacy?","authors":"S. Tsuyoshi","doi":"10.4031/mtsj.56.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract “CANAL STUDY” at a junior high school in Minato Ward in the Central Tokyo Bay Area has been involved with the Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Aquatic Marine Environmental Education efforts to promote Aquatic Marine Environmental Literacy\u0000 (AMEL). AMEL is the ability to understand the interaction between humans and the aquatic environment, and to utilize the knowledge in decision making. AMEL is almost synonymous with Ocean Literacy, but regional characteristics such as traditional knowledge and conventional knowledge have been\u0000 added. In this article, the research results of CANAL STUDY will be introduced and the significance of CANAL STUDY will be discussed from the viewpoint of self-determination theory and relational values, suggesting the direction of UNESCO Ocean literacy education planned for the UN Decade\u0000 of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. The CANAL STUDY, based on the learning cycle theory, has fostered AMEL, scientific inquiry skill development, attachment to the community, a sense of competence, and motivation for each learner to take the initiative for solving problems, such\u0000 as improving the water quality of Tokyo Bay. Currently, Ocean Literacy Education is being tackled all over the world, but CANAL STUDY is an effective example that shows concrete methods and directions for the effective promotion of Ocean literacy education. In addition, it was shown that enhancing\u0000 Ocean literacy fosters relational values.","PeriodicalId":49878,"journal":{"name":"Marine Technology Society Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45058474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Rusciano, M. Belbéoch, V. Turpin, M. Kramp, Long Jiang, Anthonin Lizé, M. Krieger
Abstract The Odyssey Project coordinated by OceanOPS, joint center of the World Meteorological Organization and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, will support and involve civil society, including citizens, sailors, businesses, etc., in observing the ocean and the atmosphere above it to contribute to the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) implementation.As the global population is set to reach more than 9 billion people by 2050, impacts on the ocean associated with human activities will escalate. Understanding the variability and trends of the ocean and the related impacts on our society, through sustained oceanographic and marine meteorological observations and ocean science, is essential to predict the consequences of change, guide mitigation, and design adaptation for the benefit of the nature and humankind.The Odyssey project embodies the level of response we need to face climate issues and will help strengthen collaborations within and outside the global ocean observing community. These collaborations, based on the met-ocean observations' collection, data sharing and analyses, scientific and technological developments, will be essential to develop such a project.
{"title":"Odyssey Project: Contributing Actively to the Implementation of the Global Ocean Observing System","authors":"E. Rusciano, M. Belbéoch, V. Turpin, M. Kramp, Long Jiang, Anthonin Lizé, M. Krieger","doi":"10.4031/mtsj.56.3.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.3.27","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Odyssey Project coordinated by OceanOPS, joint center of the World Meteorological Organization and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, will support and involve civil society, including citizens, sailors, businesses, etc., in observing the\u0000 ocean and the atmosphere above it to contribute to the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) implementation.As the global population is set to reach more than 9 billion people by 2050, impacts on the ocean associated with human activities will escalate. Understanding the variability and\u0000 trends of the ocean and the related impacts on our society, through sustained oceanographic and marine meteorological observations and ocean science, is essential to predict the consequences of change, guide mitigation, and design adaptation for the benefit of the nature and humankind.The\u0000 Odyssey project embodies the level of response we need to face climate issues and will help strengthen collaborations within and outside the global ocean observing community. These collaborations, based on the met-ocean observations' collection, data sharing and analyses, scientific and technological\u0000 developments, will be essential to develop such a project.","PeriodicalId":49878,"journal":{"name":"Marine Technology Society Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43931099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Johannesen, R. Ojwala, Mariamalia Chavez Rodriguez, F. Neat, M. Kitada, S. Buckingham, C. Schofield, Ronán Long, Jill Jarnsäter, Zhen Sun
Abstract Since the 1950s, there has been an increase of women participating in ocean-going science. However, the number of women scientists in the field remains significantly less than that of men, especially in senior roles. In this commentary, we take a feminist perspective to understand the challenges women face in pursuing a career in ocean-going science. Based on the limited literature and reports of women in ocean-going research, we identified several cultural and structural barriers and constraints faced by women. These fell into four main categories: (1) behavioral/social norms and gender-biased culture in science and at sea; (2) failure to provide for balancing duties of family care with extended periods away from home; (3) gender-insensitive design of ship facilities, operations, and personal protective equipment (PPE); and (4) the need for a safe working environment at sea; i.e., gender-related aspects of health, safety, and personal security at sea. To overcome these barriers, the following interventions are suggested: (1) greater awareness raising and training to shift destructive mindsets as well as affecting behavioral and cultural change; (2) consideration of gender-sensitive design and safe operation of research vessels; and (3) more comprehensive and effective implementation of gender equality policies for research at sea.
{"title":"The Sea Change Needed for Gender Equality in Ocean-Going Research","authors":"E. Johannesen, R. Ojwala, Mariamalia Chavez Rodriguez, F. Neat, M. Kitada, S. Buckingham, C. Schofield, Ronán Long, Jill Jarnsäter, Zhen Sun","doi":"10.4031/mtsj.56.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.56.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Since the 1950s, there has been an increase of women participating in ocean-going science. However, the number of women scientists in the field remains significantly less than that of men, especially in senior roles. In this commentary, we take a feminist perspective\u0000 to understand the challenges women face in pursuing a career in ocean-going science. Based on the limited literature and reports of women in ocean-going research, we identified several cultural and structural barriers and constraints faced by women. These fell into four main categories: (1)\u0000 behavioral/social norms and gender-biased culture in science and at sea; (2) failure to provide for balancing duties of family care with extended periods away from home; (3) gender-insensitive design of ship facilities, operations, and personal protective equipment (PPE); and (4) the need\u0000 for a safe working environment at sea; i.e., gender-related aspects of health, safety, and personal security at sea. To overcome these barriers, the following interventions are suggested: (1) greater awareness raising and training to shift destructive mindsets as well as affecting behavioral\u0000 and cultural change; (2) consideration of gender-sensitive design and safe operation of research vessels; and (3) more comprehensive and effective implementation of gender equality policies for research at sea.","PeriodicalId":49878,"journal":{"name":"Marine Technology Society Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48293121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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