Mammal Review最新文献_第10页

Spatial mapping memory: methods used to determine the existence and type of cognitive maps in arboreal mammals 空间地图记忆:用于确定树栖哺乳动物认知地图的存在和类型的方法

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Mammal Review

Pub Date : 2021-10-18 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12272

Eléonore Rolland, Sam Trull

引用次数: 1

Medium- to large-bodied mammal surveys across the Neotropics are heavily biased against the most faunally intact assemblages 在整个新热带地区，中型到大型哺乳动物的调查严重偏向于最完整的动物群

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Mammal Review

Pub Date : 2021-10-18 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12274

Juliano A. Bogoni, Carlos A. Peres, Katia M.P.M.B. Ferraz

引用次数: 3

A review of philopatry and dispersal in felids living in an anthropised world 人类世界中猫科动物的哲学与分散研究综述

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Mammal Review

Pub Date : 2021-10-16 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12275

Marina E. de Oliveira, Bruno H. Saranholi, Rodolfo Dirzo, Pedro M. Galetti Jr

引用次数: 5

An assessment of current wolf Canis lupus domestication hypotheses based on wolf ecology and behaviour 基于狼的生态学和行为学对当前狼疮驯化假说的评价

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Mammal Review

Pub Date : 2021-10-10 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12273

L. David Mech, Luc A. A. Janssens

The dog was the first domesticated animal. Its derivation from grey wolves Canis lupus is important to the study of mammalian domestication, and wolf domestication is an active area of investigation. Recent popular books have promoted a hypothesis that wolves domesticated themselves as opposed to the earliest hypothesis that featured pup collection, adoption, and artificial selection. Continuing research has produced a greater understanding of wolf ecology and behaviour, including new insights into the wolf’s interaction with humans. Several characteristics make the wolf conducive to domestication: its sociality, catholic diet, excellent individual and cultural memory, inbreeding tolerance, varied personalities, and adaptable lifestyle. The wolf’s fear of humans is the main impediment and that alone is a factor strongly disfavouring the self-selection hypothesis. However, collecting young pups from dens and raising them would foster their socialising with humans as pack members. Neither hypothesis explains how wolves undergoing domestication were separated reproductively from their wild relatives, an important condition for domestication. We combine information from the literature with information from our own research on wild wolves, archaeology, and canid morphology. We explain how pup collection and deliberate or incidental selection and encouragement to breed with similarly raised wolves could keep incipient dogs separated reproductively from wild relatives. The key is humans regularly feeding the wolves and keeping only those able to live harmoniously with humans. Well-fed, human-dependent wolves would remain near their food supply and in the company of humans, thus increasing their bonds to humans and vice versa. Outbreeding with wild wolves would thus be avoided. Generation after generation of these human-fed, raised, and selected wolves would become increasingly dependent on humans and shaped by them. The pup-adoption hypothesis presented here is more in keeping with basic wolf ecology and behaviour than the self-domestication hypothesis.

狗是最早被驯养的动物。狼的驯化对哺乳动物驯化的研究具有重要意义，而狼的驯化是一个活跃的研究领域。最近的流行书籍提出了一种假设，即狼驯化了自己，而不是最早的假设，即收集、收养和人工选择幼崽。持续的研究使人们对狼的生态和行为有了更深入的了解，包括对狼与人类互动的新见解。狼有几个特点有利于驯化:它的社会性、广泛的饮食、优秀的个体和文化记忆、近亲繁殖的容忍度、多样的个性和适应性强的生活方式。狼对人类的恐惧是主要的障碍，这本身就是一个强烈反对自我选择假说的因素。然而，从洞穴中收集幼崽并抚养它们会促进它们作为群体成员与人类的社交。这两种假说都无法解释在驯化过程中狼是如何在繁殖方面与它们的野生亲属分离的，而这是驯化的一个重要条件。我们将文献中的信息与我们自己对野狼、考古学和犬科动物形态学的研究相结合。我们解释了幼崽的收集、有意或偶然的选择和鼓励与相似饲养的狼繁殖如何使早期的狗与野生亲属分开繁殖。关键是人类定期喂养狼，只饲养那些能与人类和谐相处的狼。吃得好、依赖人类的狼会留在食物供应的附近，并与人类在一起，从而增加了它们与人类的联系，反之亦然。因此可以避免与野狼近亲繁殖。一代又一代，这些人类喂养、饲养和选择的狼将越来越依赖人类，并受到人类的影响。这里提出的幼崽收养假说比自我驯化假说更符合狼的基本生态和行为。

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引用次数: 9

Limitations and gaps in global bat wing morphology trait data 全球蝙蝠翅膀形态特征数据的局限性和空白

IF 4.9 2区生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Mammal Review

Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12270

Matt Crane, Inês Silva, Matthew J. Grainger, George A. Gale