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Physiological and Behavioural Strategies of Bats From Arid Environments 干旱环境下蝙蝠的生理和行为策略
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1111/mam.70005
Irene Conenna, Agustí Muñoz-Garcia, Carmi Korine

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引用次数: 0
From Water to Land: A Review on the Applications of Environmental DNA and Invertebrate-Derived DNA for Monitoring Terrestrial and Semi-Aquatic Mammals 从水到陆:环境DNA和无脊椎动物来源DNA在陆生和半水生哺乳动物监测中的应用综述
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1111/mam.70006
Holly A. Broadhurst, Naiara Guimarães Sales, Robert Raynor, Claire Howe, Erinma Ochu, Xavier Lambin, Christopher S. Sutherland, Allan D. McDevitt

  1. Terrestrial and semi-aquatic mammals are facing increasing threats globally, highlighting the need for reliable data on species' occurrence, distribution, and abundance for effective conservation efforts. However, obtaining reliable and robust information over broad spatial and temporal scales remains a significant challenge.
  2. Environmental DNA (eDNA) and invertebrate-derived DNA (iDNA) applications have emerged as powerful surveying methods, with the potential to revolutionise ecological monitoring by improving species detections and providing better insights into mammalian distribution and diversity. While eDNA relies on genetic material shed by species into their surroundings, iDNA leverages DNA from invertebrates that interact with mammals. Both approaches offer a cost-effective means to obtain species records and community diversity metrics.
  3. This review explores global applications of e/iDNA for surveying terrestrial and semi-aquatic mammals. By providing a comprehensive overview of the applications, sampling design, challenges, and prospects, this review serves as a guide to researchers and conservationists seeking to use eDNA for mammalian conservation efforts.
  4. By evaluating the current state of e/iDNA applications, this review identifies the challenges and milestones that need to be addressed for these methods to become a practical method for monitoring mammals on a global scale. It highlights the need for further research to enhance the sensitivity and reliability of e/iDNA detections, standardisation of methodologies, and validation through comparison with traditional monitoring methods. This review sheds light on the potential of e/iDNA as valuable tools for aiding mammal conservation and inspiring future research and advancements in this field.
陆生和半水生哺乳动物在全球范围内面临着越来越多的威胁,这凸显了对物种发生、分布和丰度的可靠数据的需求,以进行有效的保护工作。然而,在广泛的空间和时间尺度上获得可靠和可靠的信息仍然是一个重大挑战。环境DNA (eDNA)和无脊椎动物衍生DNA (iDNA)的应用已经成为一种强大的测量方法,有可能通过改进物种检测和更好地了解哺乳动物的分布和多样性来彻底改变生态监测。虽然eDNA依赖于物种传播到周围环境的遗传物质,但iDNA利用了与哺乳动物相互作用的无脊椎动物的DNA。这两种方法都是获得物种记录和群落多样性指标的一种经济有效的方法。本文综述了e/iDNA在陆地和半水生哺乳动物调查中的全球应用。通过对应用、采样设计、挑战和前景的全面概述,本综述可作为研究人员和保护主义者寻求使用eDNA进行哺乳动物保护工作的指南。通过评估e/iDNA应用的现状,本综述确定了这些方法要成为全球范围内监测哺乳动物的实用方法需要解决的挑战和里程碑。它强调需要进一步研究以提高e/iDNA检测的灵敏度和可靠性,方法的标准化,并通过与传统监测方法的比较进行验证。这一综述揭示了e/iDNA作为帮助哺乳动物保护的有价值工具的潜力,并启发了该领域未来的研究和进展。
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引用次数: 0
Practical Application of Disease Risk Assessment in Native Species Reintroductions: A Case Study of a European Wildcat (Felis silvestris) Population Reinforcement in the Cairngorms National Park 疾病风险评估在本地物种再引入中的实际应用——以凯恩戈姆国家公园欧洲野猫种群强化为例
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1111/mam.70004
Alice Bacon, Beatriz S. G. Alves, Simon Girling, Adam Naylor

Background

European wildcats (Felis silvestris) are the recent focus of conservation breeding for reintroduction in the UK. Wildlife translocations pose potential disease risks to translocated individuals, sympatric wildlife, livestock and humans.

Aims

We conducted disease risk assessment to inform risk mitigation for the proposed Saving Wildcats reintroduction to the Cairngorms National Park area, Scotland, UK.

Materials and Methods

A four-step process was followed: 1) translocation pathway definition; 2) hazard identification; 3) risk assessment, and 4) risk management and re-evaluation.

Results

The highest risk hazards identified were five infectious diseases; Feline calicivirus, feline immunodeficiency virus, feline parvovirus, feline leukaemia virus and Salmonella species, and three anthropogenic threats; hybridisation with domestic cats, persecution and road traffic accidents.

Discussion

Implementation of mitigation reduced the assessment of these high risk hazards to either medium or low, with the anthropogenic threats, FIV and starvation remaining the highest risks.

Conclusion

The risk of introducing significant disease to humans, domestic animals, or wildlife by releasing captive-bred wildcats was assessed as low.

欧洲野猫(Felis silvestris)是最近在英国重新引入的保护育种的焦点。野生动物易位对易位的个体、同域野生动物、牲畜和人类构成潜在的疾病风险。我们进行了疾病风险评估,为英国苏格兰Cairngorms国家公园地区拟议的拯救野猫重新引入提供风险缓解信息。材料与方法:1)定位易位途径;2)危害识别;3)风险评估;4)风险管理与再评价。结果鉴定出的最高危险因素为5种传染病;猫杯状病毒、猫免疫缺陷病毒、猫细小病毒、猫白血病病毒和沙门氏菌,以及三种人为威胁;与家猫杂交,迫害和道路交通事故。缓解措施的实施将这些高风险危害的评估降至中等或较低水平,人为威胁、FIV和饥饿仍然是最高风险。结论放养野猫向人类、家畜或野生动物传播重大疾病的风险较低。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the Drivers of Ocelot Population Density: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Methodological and Ecological Influences 探索豹猫种群密度的驱动因素:方法和生态影响的系统回顾和荟萃分析
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1111/mam.70002
Henrique Villas Boas Concone, Juliano A. Bogoni, Vinicius Alberici, Anthony J. Giordano, Luiz Gustavo R. Oliveira-Santos, Katia M. P. M. B. Ferraz

Background

Camera trapping associated with capture–recapture models is commonly used to estimate wild felid population density, relying on three main frameworks: spatially explicit capture–recapture (SECR) and two non-spatial approaches (CR-MMDM and CR-hMMDM). Methodological differences, inappropriate sampling designs, and/or insufficient data explain some estimate variability, but the biological factors underpinning this remain undetermined. Prey availability, habitat suitability, and body size may all interact and influence carnivoran population size and density.

Aims

We aimed to (1) survey ocelot population density data and summarise information on study designs, methodological approaches, and results, (2) evaluate the relationships between them, (3) disentangle methodological and ecological effects on population density estimates, and (4) provide guidance to improve study design and reporting.

Materials & Methods

Our systematic review discovered 51 studies reporting 228 ocelot population density estimates from 65 sites across 13 countries. We collated ocelot body mass data (BM) and used forest canopy height (GFCH) as a surrogate for habitat suitability, as well as gross primary productivity seasonality (GPP variation) as a proxy for prey availability. Using a meta-analytical framework, we created models to (1) determine mean ocelot population density in the Neotropics and to assess the effects of (2) methodological and (3) ecological variables on population density estimates.

Results

Mean population density was 20.3/100 km2, with significant differences among methods. SECR and CR-MMDM yielded comparable estimates (16.6/100 km2 and 18.9/100 km2, respectively), while CR-hMMDM produced higher estimates (27.3/100 km2). We found significant positive and negative effects of GFCH and BM, respectively, and a marginally significant negative effect of GPP variation on estimates.

Discussion

Ocelots thrive in forests with higher canopies, but their population density is limited by local habitat seasonality. Morphological differences further influence variation, with small-bodied populations attaining higher population densities under similar ecological conditions.

Conclusion

Based on our findings, we provide guideline

与捕获-再捕获模型相关的背景摄像机捕获通常用于估计野生野地种群密度,依赖于三个主要框架:空间显式捕获-再捕获(SECR)和两种非空间方法(CR-MMDM和CR-hMMDM)。方法差异、不适当的抽样设计和/或数据不足解释了一些估计变异性,但支撑这一点的生物因素仍未确定。猎物的可用性、栖息地的适宜性和体型都可能相互作用并影响食肉动物的种群大小和密度。我们的目的是(1)调查豹猫种群密度数据,总结研究设计、方法方法和结果的信息;(2)评估它们之间的关系;(3)解开方法和生态对种群密度估计的影响;(4)为改进研究设计和报告提供指导。材料和方法我们的系统综述发现了51项研究报告了来自13个国家65个地点的228个豹猫种群密度估计。我们整理了豹猫的体重数据(BM),并使用森林冠层高度(GFCH)作为栖息地适宜性的替代指标,以及总初级生产力季节性(GPP变化)作为猎物可用性的替代指标。使用元分析框架,我们创建了模型来(1)确定新热带地区的平均豹猫种群密度,并评估(2)方法变量和(3)生态变量对种群密度估计的影响。结果平均种群密度为20.3/100 km2,不同方法间差异有统计学意义。SECR和CR-MMDM产生的估计值相当(分别为16.6/100 km2和18.9/100 km2),而CR-hMMDM产生的估计值更高(27.3/100 km2)。我们发现GFCH和BM分别有显著的正面和负面影响,而GPP变化对估计值有轻微显著的负面影响。豹猫在树冠较高的森林中茁壮成长,但它们的人口密度受到当地栖息地季节性的限制。形态差异进一步影响变异,在相似的生态条件下,体型小的种群密度更高。基于我们的研究结果,我们提供了提高研究设计、方法学方法和一般报告的准确性和标准化的指南。改进这些方面将加强豹猫种群密度估计的可比性和可靠性。
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引用次数: 0
The Potential for Subordinate Predator Release in Terrestrial Mammalian Carnivore Assemblages 陆生哺乳动物食肉动物群落中从属捕食者释放的可能性
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1111/mam.70003
Emily K. Madsen, Shreya Ray, Lisanne Petracca, Jan F. Kamler

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引用次数: 0
Sperm Whales—Island Specialists, Are They on the Way to Extinction? Systematic Literature Review in a Global Context 抹香鲸——岛屿专家,它们正在走向灭绝吗?全球背景下的系统文献综述
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1111/mam.70000
Svetlana Barteneva-Vitry, Chandani Appadoo, Stephanie Plön

Background

Sperm whale population units, resident off inhabited islands, are an important source of ecosystem services for local communities and may be subject to greater anthropogenic pressures than their oceanic conspecifics.

Aims

The objectives of this review were to identify sperm whale-island specialists' habitats around the world and to assess the level of anthropogenic pressure on such nearshore populations. The hypothesis was that sperm whales with this ecological specialisation are rare and that the negative impacts they experience living close to inhabited shores may be also exacerbated by Anthropogenic Allee effect.

Materials & Methods

This study was conducted using a systematic literature review, following the principles recommended by the PRISMA guidelines, with a scoping of records of the presence of sperm whale social units in the territorial waters of countries around the world published between 2003 and 2023.

Results & Discussion

A review of 422 relevant research papers revealed only two places in the world where sperm whales with an island ecological specialisation exist, and there are negative trends in both. Such population units experience cumulative anthropogenic pressures 1.7–1.8 times higher than oceanic ones. The charisma and media popularity of sperm whales, combined with the rarity of observation sites for this species, may increase pressure, potentially accelerating their extinction (Anthropogenic Allee Effect). The results of the study are presented in the form of a narrative synthesis, tables and a map.

Conclusion

Determining the ecological specialisation of sperm whale population units should be a key component of management at both the local and species level. Exploitation of ecosystem services provided by island specialists should be strictly regulated in favour of sustainability, in order to preserve this rare ecological type.

背景抹香鲸种群单位,居住在有人居住的岛屿外,是当地社区生态系统服务的重要来源,可能比它们的海洋同类受到更大的人为压力。本综述的目的是确定世界各地抹香鲸岛专家的栖息地,并评估对这些近岸种群的人为压力水平。假设是,具有这种生态专业化的抹香鲸是罕见的,它们在有人居住的海岸附近生活所经历的负面影响也可能因人为的狭道效应而加剧。材料和方法本研究采用系统的文献综述,遵循PRISMA指南推荐的原则,对2003年至2023年世界各国领海中抹香鲸社会单位的记录范围进行了研究。对422篇相关研究论文的回顾显示,世界上只有两个地方存在具有岛屿生态特化的抹香鲸,而且这两个地方都有负面趋势。这些种群单位经历的累积人为压力是海洋压力的1.7-1.8倍。抹香鲸的魅力和媒体知名度,加上该物种观测地点的稀少,可能会增加压力,潜在地加速它们的灭绝(人为狭缝效应)。研究结果以叙述综合、表格和地图的形式呈现。结论确定抹香鲸种群单位的生态专门化应成为地方和物种管理的重要组成部分。对岛屿专家提供的生态系统服务的开发应严格管制,有利于可持续性,以便保护这种罕见的生态类型。
{"title":"Sperm Whales—Island Specialists, Are They on the Way to Extinction? Systematic Literature Review in a Global Context","authors":"Svetlana Barteneva-Vitry,&nbsp;Chandani Appadoo,&nbsp;Stephanie Plön","doi":"10.1111/mam.70000","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mam.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sperm whale population units, resident off inhabited islands, are an important source of ecosystem services for local communities and may be subject to greater anthropogenic pressures than their oceanic conspecifics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The objectives of this review were to identify sperm whale-island specialists' habitats around the world and to assess the level of anthropogenic pressure on such nearshore populations. The hypothesis was that sperm whales with this ecological specialisation are rare and that the negative impacts they experience living close to inhabited shores may be also exacerbated by Anthropogenic Allee effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials &amp; Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was conducted using a systematic literature review, following the principles recommended by the PRISMA guidelines, with a scoping of records of the presence of sperm whale social units in the territorial waters of countries around the world published between 2003 and 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results &amp; Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A review of 422 relevant research papers revealed only two places in the world where sperm whales with an island ecological specialisation exist, and there are negative trends in both. Such population units experience cumulative anthropogenic pressures 1.7–1.8 times higher than oceanic ones. The charisma and media popularity of sperm whales, combined with the rarity of observation sites for this species, may increase pressure, potentially accelerating their extinction (Anthropogenic Allee Effect). The results of the study are presented in the form of a narrative synthesis, tables and a map.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Determining the ecological specialisation of sperm whale population units should be a key component of management at both the local and species level. Exploitation of ecosystem services provided by island specialists should be strictly regulated in favour of sustainability, in order to preserve this rare ecological type.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49893,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Review","volume":"55 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145135467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ecological Interactions of Terrestrial Mammals in the Chihuahuan Desert: A Systematic Map 奇瓦瓦沙漠陆生哺乳动物的生态相互作用:系统地图
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1111/mam.70001
Angela A. Camargo-Sanabria, Jesús A. Fernández, Nathalie S. Hernández-Quiroz, Diana L. Buitrago-Torres, Fernando Álvarez-Córdova

  1. The Chihuahuan Desert (CD) spans 11 Mexican and three U.S. states, covering 629,000 km2 of mountain systems and lowland basins. In this extreme environment, mammals have evolved physiological and behavioural adaptations to minimise water loss. However, their survival as individuals and species also depends on the interactions they establish over time and space. In this sense, while some ecological interactions between terrestrial mammals in the CD have been studied, our understanding of these complex networks remains unclear coupled with the lack of basic trophic relationship information for some species.
  2. We conducted a systematic literature review in English and Spanish using the PRISMA protocol, searching major scientific databases for studies on ecological interactions among mammals in the CD. We used broad keyword combinations and performed several screenings.
  3. We found a growing trend in studies conducted between 1946 and 2021 (n = 200), with at least one interaction recorded for 81% of the 101 terrestrial mammals in the CD. Predation and herbivory had the most records, and we observed a geographic bias in the spatial distribution of studies towards the northern CD. Rodentia and Carnivora had more information, while Eulipotyphla and Cingulata were understudied.
  4. Many terrestrial mammals participate in multiple interactions in the desert, yet several species remain poorly studied, and many trophic relationships and indirect interactions are largely unknown.
奇瓦瓦沙漠横跨墨西哥的11个州和美国的3个州,覆盖了62.9万平方公里的山地系统和低地盆地。在这种极端的环境中,哺乳动物进化出了生理和行为上的适应,以尽量减少水分的流失。然而,它们作为个体和物种的生存也取决于它们在时间和空间上建立的相互作用。从这个意义上说,虽然已经研究了CD中陆生哺乳动物之间的一些生态相互作用,但我们对这些复杂网络的理解仍然不清楚,并且缺乏一些物种的基本营养关系信息。我们使用PRISMA协议进行了英语和西班牙语的系统文献综述,检索了主要的科学数据库,以研究CD中哺乳动物之间的生态相互作用。我们使用了广泛的关键词组合并进行了几次筛选。我们发现,在1946年至2021年间(n = 200)进行的研究中,有一种增长趋势,在CD的101种陆生哺乳动物中,有81%的动物至少记录了一种相互作用。捕食和食草动物的记录最多,并且我们观察到研究在空间分布上偏向于CD北部。啮齿目和食肉目的信息较多,而对Eulipotyphla和Cingulata的研究不足。许多陆生哺乳动物在沙漠中参与多种相互作用,但有些物种的研究仍然很少,许多营养关系和间接相互作用在很大程度上是未知的。
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引用次数: 0
Conservation Blind Spots: Scenarios for Assessing the Exposure Risk of Brazilian Mammals to Pesticides 保护盲点:评估巴西哺乳动物农药暴露风险的情景
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12386
Érica Fernanda Gonçalves Gomes-de-Sá, Gabriela Fernanda da Silva Ferreira, Anna Carolina Figueiredo de Albuquerque, Vinícius Araújo Costa, Henrique Villas Boas Concone, Natan Diego Alves de Freitas, Mayara Guimarães Beltrão, Patrício Adriano da Rocha, Pedro Cordeiro-Estrela

  1. Brazil is a large agricultural producer and a megadiverse country. In this context, the use of pesticides poses risks to non-target species, including wild mammals.
  2. Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) for pesticides has been adopted by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Brazil has yet to present a pesticide risk assessment for vertebrates.
  3. To design an ERA for Brazilian mammals, data is needed on the occurrence and distribution of species within and outside crops and agroecosystem types, their biological characteristics and life history traits.
  4. We analyse a comprehensive dataset of mammal occurrences in Brazilian agroecosystems. We identify the main crops studied, review if pesticides were listed as threats for mammals endangered of extinction and discuss mammal traits that lead to pesticide exposure across agroecosystems.
  5. We show that 54% of terrestrial mammals in Brazil occur in agroecosystems (319/716), with 64.3% (205/319) of these found in crop. Most studies registered mammals in large-scale monocultures, such as annual croplands, tree plantations and pasture grazing. Small farming emerges as an important knowledge gap. We found 25 species threatened with extinction (Critically Endangered, Endangered, and Vulnerable) occurring in crop in Brazilian agroecosystems.
  6. Concerning ERA for Brazilian agricultural scenarios, in the screening tier process, it is suggested to use an indicator model species (IMS) with the following traits: terrestrial, crepuscular, and large body mass for pasture-grazing, tree plantations and annual croplands. Conversely, in agroforestry and perennial crop agroecosystems, we recommend considering at least one IMS with arboreal habits and a frugivorous and/or nectarivorous diet. Furthermore, in Tier 1, we recommend that a generic model species (GMS) emconpassing carnivorous and herbivorous mammals should be considered in pasture-grazing systems, tree plantations and annual cropland. In agroforests and perennial croplands, GMS that represent the diet of frugivorous and nectarivorous mammals should be prioritised.
巴西是一个农业大国,也是一个生物多样性巨大的国家。在这种情况下,农药的使用对包括野生哺乳动物在内的非目标物种构成风险。农药环境风险评估(ERA)已被欧洲食品安全局(EFSA)和美国环境保护局(EPA)采用。巴西尚未提交一份针对脊椎动物的农药风险评估。为设计巴西哺乳动物种群,需要收集作物内外物种的发生和分布、农业生态系统类型、生物学特征和生活史特征等数据。我们分析了巴西农业生态系统中哺乳动物发生的综合数据集。我们确定了研究的主要作物,回顾了农药是否被列为濒临灭绝的哺乳动物的威胁,并讨论了导致农药暴露在整个农业生态系统中的哺乳动物特征。研究表明,巴西54%的陆生哺乳动物生活在农业生态系统中(319/716),其中64.3%(205/319)生活在作物生态系统中。大多数研究记录了大型单一栽培的哺乳动物,如一年生农田、人工林和牧场放牧。小规模农业成为一个重要的知识缺口。在巴西的农业生态系统中,我们发现了25种濒临灭绝的物种(极度濒危、濒危和脆弱)。对于巴西农业情景的ERA,在筛选层序过程中,建议采用陆生、黄昏、大体质量的指标模型种(IMS),用于放牧、人工林和一年生农田。相反,在农林业和多年生作物农业生态系统中,我们建议考虑至少一种IMS具有树栖习性和食果和/或食蜜的饮食。此外,在第1层,我们建议在放牧系统、人工林和一年生农田中考虑一种包括肉食性和食草性哺乳动物的通用模式物种(GMS)。在农林业和多年生农田中,应优先考虑代表食性和食性哺乳动物饮食的GMS。
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引用次数: 0
Research Trends on Bats in Morocco: An Overview, Focusing on Gaps and Threats to Species Conservation 摩洛哥蝙蝠的研究趋势:综述,重点关注物种保护的差距和威胁
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12385
Youssef Dbiba, Mohamed Dakki, El Hassan El Mouden

  1. Moroccan bats are extensively studied in North Africa due to their ecological sensitivity, significant threats and increased field investigations related to wind energy development.
  2. This review updates the list of bat species, identifies key threats and examines research distribution patterns over time, regions, research topics, taxa and endemicity, highlighting gaps and setting future research priorities.
  3. Between 1897 and 2024, around 136 information sources were produced, categorised into five research periods: four lasting about 30 years each and the fifth covering 2020–2024. These researches were analysed based on temporal, regional, topical, taxonomic and endemic trends.
  4. The most recent revision of Moroccan bats identified 29 species. With the addition of two new species and the renaming of one species, the current inventory now includes 31 species across eight families, three of which are endemic.
  5. Research efforts varied over time, with ‘taxonomy and systematics’ being the most studied topic, focusing on classification, evolutionary relationships and species identification. Three genera (Rhinolophus, Myotis and Pipistrellus) appeared in 56% of the studies. Investigations cover progressively a wide geographic range, with a clear preference for Northern regions. However, topics like ‘diseases’ and ‘conservation’ were addressed in less than 10% of articles.
  6. To address major research gaps, we recommend in-depth studies on bat phenology, parasitology, habitat preferences and migrations. Special attention should be given to the causes of species decline, in both population size and geographical extent, focusing on habitat loss, human disturbances, individuals harvesting and possibly wind farms.
  7. Crucial research needs are identified for 10 prior species: Plecotus gaisleri, Miniopterus maghrebensis, Myotis capaccini, Rhinolophus mehelyi, Rhinolophus euryale, Miniopterus schreibersii, Myotis zenatius, Nyctalus lasiopterus, Barbastella barbastellus and Rhinolophus blasii.
摩洛哥蝙蝠因其生态敏感性、重大威胁和与风能开发相关的实地调查增加而在北非得到广泛研究。本综述更新了蝙蝠物种清单,确定了主要威胁,并检查了随着时间、地区、研究主题、分类群和地方性的研究分布模式,突出了差距并确定了未来的研究重点。1897年至2024年间,大约产生了136个信息来源,分为五个研究阶段:四个研究阶段各持续约30年,第五个研究阶段涵盖2020年至2024年。根据时间、区域、局部、分类和流行趋势对这些研究进行了分析。最新的摩洛哥蝙蝠鉴定出29种。随着两个新物种的加入和一个物种的重新命名,目前的物种清单包括8个科的31个物种,其中3个是地方性的。研究工作随着时间的推移而变化,“分类学和系统学”是研究最多的主题,重点是分类、进化关系和物种鉴定。3个属(Rhinolophus, Myotis和Pipistrellus)出现在56%的研究中。调查逐渐覆盖广泛的地理范围,显然优先考虑北部地区。然而,像“疾病”和“保护”这样的话题在不到10%的文章中得到了讨论。为了解决主要的研究空白,我们建议深入研究蝙蝠物候学、寄生虫学、栖息地偏好和迁徙。应特别注意物种减少的原因,包括种群数量和地理范围,重点是生境丧失、人类干扰、个体收获和可能的风力发电场。确定了10个现有物种的关键研究需求:gaislectus、maghrebensis、capaccini Myotis、mehelyi rhinopus、euryale rhinopus、schreibersiminiopterus、zenatius、lasiopterus、Barbastella barbastellus和blasii Rhinolophus。
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引用次数: 0
Three Decades of Research on Iberian Wild Ungulates: Key Insights and Promising Research Avenues 伊比利亚野生有蹄类动物研究三十年:关键见解和有前途的研究途径
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12384
João Carvalho, António Carpio, Ana M. Figueiredo, Carlos Fonseca, Eduardo Ferreira, Emmanuel Serrano, Isabel Barja, José Sánchez-Zapata, Juan Carranza, Laura Barbero Palacios, Lorena Ortiz-Jiménez, Luís Miguel Rosalino, Mariana Rossa, Mario Velamazán, Nuno Santos, Paulino Fandos, Pelayo Acevedo, Ramón Perea, Raquel Castillo-Contreras, Roberto Pascual-Rico, Saúl Jiménez-Ruiz, Rita Tinoco Torres

  1. The Iberian Peninsula is witnessing ever-faster environmental changes, and new challenges for wild ungulates are continuously emerging as they become more abundant and widespread.
  2. We conducted a systematic review to analyse the knowledge on wild ungulates inhabiting the Iberian Peninsula. We used Web of Science and Scopus search engines, complemented by searches in nonindexed journals, to examine peer-reviewed articles published between January 1990 and July 2023.
  3. The annual average growth rate in the number of publications was 17%. Most studies focussed on diseases and pathogens (36%), physiology, endocrinology and reproduction (19%), and behaviour, population and community ecology (17%). Red deer and wild boar are the most targeted species in scientific literature, followed by the Iberian wild goat, roe deer, fallow deer, Southern chamois, mouflon and aoudad.
  4. We identify key knowledge gaps that deserve further attention such as the ecological and social impacts of (re)introductions, the effects of increasing ungulate densities on ecosystem integrity and the impact of different hunting and management techniques (some unique to the Iberian Peninsula) on population dynamics. We also highlight the need to stimulate Iberian collaboration and extend the discussion to a wider range of stakeholders to integrate different perspectives on the research agenda for Iberian wild ungulates.
伊比利亚半岛的环境变化速度越来越快,随着野生有蹄类动物数量的增加和分布范围的扩大,它们面临的新挑战也不断出现。我们对栖息在伊比利亚半岛的野生有蹄类动物的知识进行了系统的回顾分析。我们使用Web of Science和Scopus搜索引擎,并辅以对非索引期刊的搜索,对1990年1月至2023年7月间发表的同行评议文章进行了研究。出版物数量的年平均增长率为17%。大多数研究集中于疾病和病原体(36%)、生理学、内分泌学和生殖学(19%)以及行为、人口和社区生态学(17%)。在科学文献中,马鹿和野猪是最受攻击的物种,其次是伊比利亚野山羊、狍子、黇鹿、南羚羊、驼鹿和阿乌达。我们确定了值得进一步关注的关键知识空白,例如(重新)引入的生态和社会影响,有蹄类密度增加对生态系统完整性的影响,以及不同狩猎和管理技术(一些是伊比利亚半岛特有的)对种群动态的影响。我们还强调需要促进伊比利亚合作,并将讨论扩展到更广泛的利益相关者,以整合关于伊比利亚野生有蹄类研究议程的不同观点。
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Mammal Review
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