Pub Date : 2022-12-01Epub Date: 2022-04-23DOI: 10.1007/s40477-021-00629-0
Gabrielle Ransford, Kean Feyzeau, Mark Noble, Matthew Jones, Donald Byars
Acute limb ischemia (ALI) presents with significant pain that is often refractory to opioid pain management or is present in patients with relative contraindications to opioids. Here we present a case of ALI successfully managed with regional anesthesia using sciatic and saphenous nerve blocks. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of regional anesthesia for ALI performed in the Emergency Department (ED) by Emergency Medicine physicians.
{"title":"Saphenous and sciatic nerve block to treat acute lower limb ischemic pain in the emergency department.","authors":"Gabrielle Ransford, Kean Feyzeau, Mark Noble, Matthew Jones, Donald Byars","doi":"10.1007/s40477-021-00629-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40477-021-00629-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute limb ischemia (ALI) presents with significant pain that is often refractory to opioid pain management or is present in patients with relative contraindications to opioids. Here we present a case of ALI successfully managed with regional anesthesia using sciatic and saphenous nerve blocks. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of regional anesthesia for ALI performed in the Emergency Department (ED) by Emergency Medicine physicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":49893,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Review","volume":"9 1","pages":"979-981"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9705610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85254279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco Díaz-Ruiz, Patricia H. Vaquerizas, Ana Luz Márquez, Miguel Delibes-Mateos, Vicente Piorno, Francisca Castro, Esther Ramírez, Miguel Ángel Farfán, Jesús Olivero, Raimundo Real, Rafael Villafuerte
{"title":"Unravelling the historical biogeography of the European rabbit subspecies in the Iberian Peninsula","authors":"Francisco Díaz-Ruiz, Patricia H. Vaquerizas, Ana Luz Márquez, Miguel Delibes-Mateos, Vicente Piorno, Francisca Castro, Esther Ramírez, Miguel Ángel Farfán, Jesús Olivero, Raimundo Real, Rafael Villafuerte","doi":"10.1111/mam.12306","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mam.12306","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49893,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Review","volume":"53 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mam.12306","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48147900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Testing for changes in rate of evolution and position of the climatic niche of clades","authors":"Silvia Castiglione, Alessandro Mondanaro, Mirko Di Febbraro, Marina Melchionna, Carmela Serio, Giorgia Girardi, Arianna Morena Belfiore, Pasquale Raia","doi":"10.1111/mam.12303","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mam.12303","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49893,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Review","volume":"52 4","pages":"573-583"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mam.12303","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42337828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Environmental DNA and metagenomics of terrestrial mammals as keystone taxa of recent and past ecosystems","authors":"Peter A. Seeber, Laura S. Epp","doi":"10.1111/mam.12302","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mam.12302","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49893,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Review","volume":"52 4","pages":"538-553"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mam.12302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44898624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Niсkolay Markov, Alexander Economov, Olav Hjeljord, Christer M. Rolandsen, Göran Bergqvist, Pjotr Danilov, Vadim Dolinin, Victor Kambalin, Alexander Kondratov, Nikolay Krasnoshapka, Mervi Kunnasranta, Victor Mamontov, Danila Panchenko, Alexander Senchik
The wild boar Sus scrofa is one of the most widely distributed large mammal species in the world, existing on all continents except Antarctica. In the late 20th Century, its geographical range expanded naturally and through intentional releases. Despite the environmental, social, and economic importance of the wild boar, its current distribution in northern Eurasia remains uncertain, and the factors that limit and promote expansion in northern ecosystems are unknown.
We aimed to summarise the history of wild boar range expansion and current distribution in the countries of northern Eurasia. We also assess the relative importance of climate (both harshness and warming), habitat (both current diversity and possible change), predators, releases, supplementary feeding, and hunting in limiting or promoting the distribution and range expansion of the species. We review hunting management and other regulations that may affect further northward expansion.
Information on wild boar expansion and distribution was collated from available scientific publications, official statistics, volunteer reports, and expert knowledge. The effects of natural factors (climate harshness, habitat variation, predators) and anthropogenic factors (climate warming, habitat change, releases, supplementary feeding, hunting) on wild boar distribution were assessed using estimates (scores) provided by experts from the target regions.
The wild boar in Europe is distributed up to 64°N. In Asia, the northern distributional limit is up to 61°N. The species' northern distributional limit is further north in the west than in the east of the geographic range.
Experts regarded climate harshness, habitat, and hunting as the most important factors limiting wild boar distribution. Important factors that promote the expansion of the wild boar's range include climate warming and supplementary feeding.
Our analysis of the official approaches to wild boar management suggests that the northern Eurasian countries do not have a united approach to the challenge of wild boar expansion. Collaboration between managers, policymakers, and researchers is needed for monitoring the wild boar distribution and range expansion throughout northern Eurasia. This data collection is especially important now, as parts of Europe and Asia are facing the challenge of African swine fever as well as other human–wildlife conflicts related to increasing wild boar populations.
{"title":"The wild boar Sus scrofa in northern Eurasia: a review of range expansion history, current distribution, factors affecting the northern distributional limit, and management strategies","authors":"Niсkolay Markov, Alexander Economov, Olav Hjeljord, Christer M. Rolandsen, Göran Bergqvist, Pjotr Danilov, Vadim Dolinin, Victor Kambalin, Alexander Kondratov, Nikolay Krasnoshapka, Mervi Kunnasranta, Victor Mamontov, Danila Panchenko, Alexander Senchik","doi":"10.1111/mam.12301","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mam.12301","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><ol>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>The wild boar <i>Sus scrofa</i> is one of the most widely distributed large mammal species in the world, existing on all continents except Antarctica. In the late 20th Century, its geographical range expanded naturally and through intentional releases. Despite the environmental, social, and economic importance of the wild boar, its current distribution in northern Eurasia remains uncertain, and the factors that limit and promote expansion in northern ecosystems are unknown.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>We aimed to summarise the history of wild boar range expansion and current distribution in the countries of northern Eurasia. We also assess the relative importance of climate (both harshness and warming), habitat (both current diversity and possible change), predators, releases, supplementary feeding, and hunting in limiting or promoting the distribution and range expansion of the species. We review hunting management and other regulations that may affect further northward expansion.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Information on wild boar expansion and distribution was collated from available scientific publications, official statistics, volunteer reports, and expert knowledge. The effects of natural factors (climate harshness, habitat variation, predators) and anthropogenic factors (climate warming, habitat change, releases, supplementary feeding, hunting) on wild boar distribution were assessed using estimates (scores) provided by experts from the target regions.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>The wild boar in Europe is distributed up to 64°N. In Asia, the northern distributional limit is up to 61°N. The species' northern distributional limit is further north in the west than in the east of the geographic range.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Experts regarded climate harshness, habitat, and hunting as the most important factors limiting wild boar distribution. Important factors that promote the expansion of the wild boar's range include climate warming and supplementary feeding.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Our analysis of the official approaches to wild boar management suggests that the northern Eurasian countries do not have a united approach to the challenge of wild boar expansion. Collaboration between managers, policymakers, and researchers is needed for monitoring the wild boar distribution and range expansion throughout northern Eurasia. This data collection is especially important now, as parts of Europe and Asia are facing the challenge of African swine fever as well as other human–wildlife conflicts related to increasing wild boar populations.</li>\u0000 </ol>\u0000 \u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49893,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Review","volume":"52 4","pages":"519-537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47812207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Courtney J. Marneweck, Benjamin L. Allen, Andrew R. Butler, Emmanuel Do Linh San, Stephen N. Harris, Alex J. Jensen, Elizabeth A. Saldo, Michael J. Somers, Keifer Titus, Michael Muthersbaugh, Abi Vanak, David S. Jachowski
Species that respond to ecosystem change in a timely, measurable, and interpretable way can be used as sentinels of global change. Contrary to a pervasive view, we suggest that, among Carnivora, small carnivores are more appropriate sentinels than large carnivores. This reasoning is built around six key points: that, compared to large carnivores, small carnivores 1) are more species-rich and diverse, providing more potential sentinels in many systems; 2) occupy a wider range of ecological niches, exhibiting a greater variety of sensitivities to change; 3) hold an intermediate trophic position that is more directly affected by changes at the producer, primary consumer, and tertiary consumer levels; 4) have shorter life spans and higher reproductive rates, exhibiting more rapid responses to change; 5) have smaller home ranges and are more abundant, making it easier to investigate fine-scale management interventions; 6) are easier to monitor, manage, and manipulate. Therefore, we advocate for incorporating a middle-out approach, in addition to the established top-down and bottom-up approaches, to assessing the responses of ecosystems to global change.
{"title":"Middle-out ecology: small carnivores as sentinels of global change","authors":"Courtney J. Marneweck, Benjamin L. Allen, Andrew R. Butler, Emmanuel Do Linh San, Stephen N. Harris, Alex J. Jensen, Elizabeth A. Saldo, Michael J. Somers, Keifer Titus, Michael Muthersbaugh, Abi Vanak, David S. Jachowski","doi":"10.1111/mam.12300","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mam.12300","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Species that respond to ecosystem change in a timely, measurable, and interpretable way can be used as sentinels of global change. Contrary to a pervasive view, we suggest that, among Carnivora, small carnivores are more appropriate sentinels than large carnivores. This reasoning is built around six key points: that, compared to large carnivores, small carnivores 1) are more species-rich and diverse, providing more potential sentinels in many systems; 2) occupy a wider range of ecological niches, exhibiting a greater variety of sensitivities to change; 3) hold an intermediate trophic position that is more directly affected by changes at the producer, primary consumer, and tertiary consumer levels; 4) have shorter life spans and higher reproductive rates, exhibiting more rapid responses to change; 5) have smaller home ranges and are more abundant, making it easier to investigate fine-scale management interventions; 6) are easier to monitor, manage, and manipulate. Therefore, we advocate for incorporating a middle-out approach, in addition to the established top-down and bottom-up approaches, to assessing the responses of ecosystems to global change.</p>","PeriodicalId":49893,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Review","volume":"52 4","pages":"471-479"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mam.12300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48360448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The historical biogeography of the terrestrial mammals in Europe has been widely studied on the basis of fossil records and molecular makers. However, to date, only one model of species' responses to glacial–interglacial cycles during the glacial episodes of the Quaternary, especially during the Last Glacial Maximum, has been proposed: the ‘expansion-contraction model’.
The ‘expansion-contraction model’ is more appropriate for thermophilous and temperate species than for Arctic species. We hypothesise that the responses of cold-adapted species to the temperature fluctuations during glacial cycles cannot be explained by this model.
In this review, we synthesise and describe, for the first time, the historical biogeography of various cold-adapted terrestrial mammalian taxa (small mammals, herbivores, and carnivores) in Eurasia during the last glaciation (especially during the Last Glacial Maximum), and identify mechanisms underlying their response to glacier pulsation and severe climate fluctuations.
We formulate the paradigm for the biogeography of cold-adapted mammalian taxa in Europe, and identified three response models to glacial–interglacial cycles: 1) ‘extinction and genetic diminution’ for Lasiopodomys gregalis, Dicrostonyx spp. and Lemmus lemmus, 2) ‘extinction and replacement’ for Alopex lagopus, Gulo gulo and Rangifer tarandus, and 3) ‘contraction and gene transfer’ for Lepus timidus and Martes zibellina.
Knowledge of past biogeography is essential for understanding how cold-adapted taxa are responding to anthropogenic climate warming, and for on-going biodiversity and habitat conservation in the Anthropocene. There is no doubt that cold-adapted, Arctic species are suffering the most from global warming.
{"title":"Extinction and replacement events shaped the historical biogeography of Arctic mammals in Europe: new models of species response","authors":"Joanna Stojak, Bogumiła Jędrzejewska","doi":"10.1111/mam.12298","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mam.12298","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><ol>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>The historical biogeography of the terrestrial mammals in Europe has been widely studied on the basis of fossil records and molecular makers. However, to date, only one model of species' responses to glacial–interglacial cycles during the glacial episodes of the Quaternary, especially during the Last Glacial Maximum, has been proposed: the ‘expansion-contraction model’.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>The ‘expansion-contraction model’ is more appropriate for thermophilous and temperate species than for Arctic species. We hypothesise that the responses of cold-adapted species to the temperature fluctuations during glacial cycles cannot be explained by this model.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>In this review, we synthesise and describe, for the first time, the historical biogeography of various cold-adapted terrestrial mammalian taxa (small mammals, herbivores, and carnivores) in Eurasia during the last glaciation (especially during the Last Glacial Maximum), and identify mechanisms underlying their response to glacier pulsation and severe climate fluctuations.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>We formulate the paradigm for the biogeography of cold-adapted mammalian taxa in Europe, and identified three response models to glacial–interglacial cycles: 1) ‘extinction and genetic diminution’ for <i>Lasiopodomys gregalis</i>, <i>Dicrostonyx</i> spp. and <i>Lemmus lemmus</i>, 2) ‘extinction and replacement’ for <i>Alopex lagopus</i>, <i>Gulo gulo</i> and <i>Rangifer tarandus</i>, and 3) ‘contraction and gene transfer’ for <i>Lepus timidus</i> and <i>Martes zibellina</i>.</li>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <li>Knowledge of past biogeography is essential for understanding how cold-adapted taxa are responding to anthropogenic climate warming, and for on-going biodiversity and habitat conservation in the Anthropocene. There is no doubt that cold-adapted, Arctic species are suffering the most from global warming.</li>\u0000 </ol>\u0000 \u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49893,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Review","volume":"52 4","pages":"507-518"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46787901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coyote diet in North America: geographic and ecological patterns during range expansion","authors":"Alex J. Jensen, Courtney J. Marneweck, John C. Kilgo, David S. Jachowski","doi":"10.1111/mam.12299","DOIUrl":"10.1111/mam.12299","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49893,"journal":{"name":"Mammal Review","volume":"52 4","pages":"480-496"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/mam.12299","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44644062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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