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The challenging coexistence of forest elephants Loxodonta cyclotis and timber concessions in central Africa 森林象Loxodonta cyclotis和中非木材特许经营区的挑战性共存
IF 4.9 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-10-05 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12305
Morgane Scalbert, Cédric Vermeulen, Thomas Breuer, Jean-Louis Doucet

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引用次数: 2
A comprehensive review of mammalian carnivore translocations 哺乳动物食肉动物易位研究综述
IF 4.9 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-12 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12304
Ben Stepkovitch, Richard T. Kingsford, Katherine E. Moseby

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引用次数: 5
Testing for changes in rate of evolution and position of the climatic niche of clades 测试进化速率的变化和进化枝的气候生态位的位置
IF 4.9 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-09-09 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12303
Silvia Castiglione, Alessandro Mondanaro, Mirko Di Febbraro, Marina Melchionna, Carmela Serio, Giorgia Girardi, Arianna Morena Belfiore, Pasquale Raia

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引用次数: 1
Environmental DNA and metagenomics of terrestrial mammals as keystone taxa of recent and past ecosystems 陆生哺乳动物作为最近和过去生态系统的关键分类群的环境DNA和宏基因组学
IF 4.9 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12302
Peter A. Seeber, Laura S. Epp

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引用次数: 2
The wild boar Sus scrofa in northern Eurasia: a review of range expansion history, current distribution, factors affecting the northern distributional limit, and management strategies 欧亚大陆北部野猪:范围扩张历史、当前分布、影响北部分布极限的因素和管理策略综述
IF 4.9 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-07-12 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12301
Niсkolay Markov, Alexander Economov, Olav Hjeljord, Christer M. Rolandsen, Göran Bergqvist, Pjotr Danilov, Vadim Dolinin, Victor Kambalin, Alexander Kondratov, Nikolay Krasnoshapka, Mervi Kunnasranta, Victor Mamontov, Danila Panchenko, Alexander Senchik

  1. The wild boar Sus scrofa is one of the most widely distributed large mammal species in the world, existing on all continents except Antarctica. In the late 20th Century, its geographical range expanded naturally and through intentional releases. Despite the environmental, social, and economic importance of the wild boar, its current distribution in northern Eurasia remains uncertain, and the factors that limit and promote expansion in northern ecosystems are unknown.
  2. We aimed to summarise the history of wild boar range expansion and current distribution in the countries of northern Eurasia. We also assess the relative importance of climate (both harshness and warming), habitat (both current diversity and possible change), predators, releases, supplementary feeding, and hunting in limiting or promoting the distribution and range expansion of the species. We review hunting management and other regulations that may affect further northward expansion.
  3. Information on wild boar expansion and distribution was collated from available scientific publications, official statistics, volunteer reports, and expert knowledge. The effects of natural factors (climate harshness, habitat variation, predators) and anthropogenic factors (climate warming, habitat change, releases, supplementary feeding, hunting) on wild boar distribution were assessed using estimates (scores) provided by experts from the target regions.
  4. The wild boar in Europe is distributed up to 64°N. In Asia, the northern distributional limit is up to 61°N. The species' northern distributional limit is further north in the west than in the east of the geographic range.
  5. Experts regarded climate harshness, habitat, and hunting as the most important factors limiting wild boar distribution. Important factors that promote the expansion of the wild boar's range include climate warming and supplementary feeding.
  6. Our analysis of the official approaches to wild boar management suggests that the northern Eurasian countries do not have a united approach to the challenge of wild boar expansion. Collaboration between managers, policymakers, and researchers is needed for monitoring the wild boar distribution and range expansion throughout northern Eurasia. This data collection is especially important now, as parts of Europe and Asia are facing the challenge of African swine fever as well as other human–wildlife conflicts related to increasing wild boar populations.
野猪(Sus scrofa)是世界上分布最广泛的大型哺乳动物之一,存在于除南极洲以外的所有大陆。在20世纪后期,它的地理范围自然扩大,并通过有意的释放。尽管野猪在环境、社会和经济方面具有重要意义,但其目前在欧亚大陆北部的分布仍不确定,限制和促进北部生态系统扩张的因素尚不清楚。我们的目的是总结野猪范围扩大的历史和目前分布在欧亚大陆北部的国家。我们还评估了气候(包括严酷和变暖)、栖息地(包括当前的多样性和可能的变化)、捕食者、释放、补充喂养和狩猎在限制或促进物种分布和范围扩大方面的相对重要性。我们审查了狩猎管理和其他可能影响进一步向北扩张的法规。从现有的科学出版物、官方统计数据、志愿者报告和专家知识中整理了野猪扩张和分布的信息。利用目标区专家提供的评分,评估自然因素(气候严酷、栖息地变化、捕食者)和人为因素(气候变暖、栖息地变化、放养、补充喂养、狩猎)对野猪分布的影响。欧洲野猪分布在北纬64°以北。在亚洲,北分布极限在北纬61°。该物种的北部分布界限在西部比在地理范围的东部更北。专家认为,气候严酷、栖息地和狩猎是限制野猪分布的最重要因素。促进野猪活动范围扩大的重要因素包括气候变暖和补饲。我们对野猪管理的官方方法的分析表明,欧亚北部国家没有统一的方法来应对野猪扩张的挑战。管理人员、政策制定者和研究人员之间需要合作,以监测整个欧亚大陆北部野猪的分布和范围扩张。由于欧洲和亚洲部分地区正面临非洲猪瘟的挑战,以及与野猪数量增加有关的其他人类与野生动物冲突,这些数据收集现在尤为重要。
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引用次数: 8
Middle-out ecology: small carnivores as sentinels of global change 中间生态学:小型食肉动物是全球变化的哨兵
IF 4.9 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-07-11 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12300
Courtney J. Marneweck, Benjamin L. Allen, Andrew R. Butler, Emmanuel Do Linh San, Stephen N. Harris, Alex J. Jensen, Elizabeth A. Saldo, Michael J. Somers, Keifer Titus, Michael Muthersbaugh, Abi Vanak, David S. Jachowski

Species that respond to ecosystem change in a timely, measurable, and interpretable way can be used as sentinels of global change. Contrary to a pervasive view, we suggest that, among Carnivora, small carnivores are more appropriate sentinels than large carnivores. This reasoning is built around six key points: that, compared to large carnivores, small carnivores 1) are more species-rich and diverse, providing more potential sentinels in many systems; 2) occupy a wider range of ecological niches, exhibiting a greater variety of sensitivities to change; 3) hold an intermediate trophic position that is more directly affected by changes at the producer, primary consumer, and tertiary consumer levels; 4) have shorter life spans and higher reproductive rates, exhibiting more rapid responses to change; 5) have smaller home ranges and are more abundant, making it easier to investigate fine-scale management interventions; 6) are easier to monitor, manage, and manipulate. Therefore, we advocate for incorporating a middle-out approach, in addition to the established top-down and bottom-up approaches, to assessing the responses of ecosystems to global change.

对生态系统变化做出及时、可测量和可解释的反应的物种可以作为全球变化的哨兵。与普遍的观点相反,我们认为,在食肉动物中,小型食肉动物比大型食肉动物更适合充当哨兵。这一推理基于六个关键点:1)与大型食肉动物相比,小型食肉动物种类更丰富、更多样化,在许多系统中提供了更多潜在的哨兵;2)占据更广泛的生态位,对变化表现出更大的敏感性;3)处于中间营养位置,更直接受到生产者、初级消费者和第三级消费者水平变化的影响;4)寿命较短,繁殖率较高,对变化的反应较快;5)有更小的活动范围和更丰富,使调查精细管理干预措施更容易;6)更容易监控、管理和操纵。因此,我们提倡在现有的自顶向下和自底向上方法的基础上,采用一种“中-外”方法来评估生态系统对全球变化的响应。
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引用次数: 7
Extinction and replacement events shaped the historical biogeography of Arctic mammals in Europe: new models of species response 灭绝和替代事件塑造了欧洲北极哺乳动物的历史生物地理:物种反应的新模型
IF 4.9 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-06-22 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12298
Joanna Stojak, Bogumiła Jędrzejewska

  1. The historical biogeography of the terrestrial mammals in Europe has been widely studied on the basis of fossil records and molecular makers. However, to date, only one model of species' responses to glacial–interglacial cycles during the glacial episodes of the Quaternary, especially during the Last Glacial Maximum, has been proposed: the ‘expansion-contraction model’.
  2. The ‘expansion-contraction model’ is more appropriate for thermophilous and temperate species than for Arctic species. We hypothesise that the responses of cold-adapted species to the temperature fluctuations during glacial cycles cannot be explained by this model.
  3. In this review, we synthesise and describe, for the first time, the historical biogeography of various cold-adapted terrestrial mammalian taxa (small mammals, herbivores, and carnivores) in Eurasia during the last glaciation (especially during the Last Glacial Maximum), and identify mechanisms underlying their response to glacier pulsation and severe climate fluctuations.
  4. We formulate the paradigm for the biogeography of cold-adapted mammalian taxa in Europe, and identified three response models to glacial–interglacial cycles: 1) ‘extinction and genetic diminution’ for Lasiopodomys gregalis, Dicrostonyx spp. and Lemmus lemmus, 2) ‘extinction and replacement’ for Alopex lagopus, Gulo gulo and Rangifer tarandus, and 3) ‘contraction and gene transfer’ for Lepus timidus and Martes zibellina.
  5. Knowledge of past biogeography is essential for understanding how cold-adapted taxa are responding to anthropogenic climate warming, and for on-going biodiversity and habitat conservation in the Anthropocene. There is no doubt that cold-adapted, Arctic species are suffering the most from global warming.
在化石记录和分子标记的基础上,对欧洲陆生哺乳动物的历史生物地理学进行了广泛的研究。然而,迄今为止,仅提出了第四纪冰期(特别是末次盛冰期)期间物种对冰期-间冰期旋回响应的一种模式:“扩张-收缩模式”。与北极物种相比,“膨胀-收缩模式”更适合于嗜热性和温带物种。我们假设冷适应物种对冰期温度波动的响应不能用这个模型来解释。本文首次综合和描述了末次冰期(特别是末次盛冰期)欧亚大陆各种冷适应陆生哺乳动物类群(小型哺乳动物、食草动物和食肉动物)的历史生物地理学,并确定了它们对冰川脉动和剧烈气候波动的响应机制。本文构建了欧洲冷适应哺乳动物类群的生物地理学范式,并确定了三种冰期-间冰期循环的响应模式:1)Lasiopodomys gregalis、Dicrostonyx spp.和Lemmus Lemmus的“灭绝和遗传减少”,2)Alopex lagopus、Gulo Gulo和Rangifer tarandus的“灭绝和替代”,3)Lepus timidus和Martes zibellina的“收缩和基因转移”。了解过去的生物地理学知识对于理解冷适应物种如何应对人为气候变暖,以及人类世持续的生物多样性和栖息地保护至关重要。毫无疑问,适应寒冷的北极物种受到全球变暖的影响最大。
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引用次数: 1
Coyote diet in North America: geographic and ecological patterns during range expansion 北美土狼的饮食:范围扩张期间的地理和生态模式
IF 4.9 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-06-21 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12299
Alex J. Jensen, Courtney J. Marneweck, John C. Kilgo, David S. Jachowski

1.在过去的120年里,土狼的地理范围扩大了40%,这引发了人们对其在新殖民地区的生态影响的质疑。尽管北美当地对郊狼的饮食有着丰富的了解,但我们对不同物种的饮食如何以及为什么会有所不同却知之甚少。2.我们通过调查生态区、郊狼数量、环境条件、顶级捕食者的存在和替代食物与郊狼饮食多样性以及小型哺乳动物、泻湖动物、植被和有蹄类动物的消费之间的关系,首次对郊狼的饮食进行了全方位的元分析。3.利用93项研究的数据,我们使用广义线性混合模型来确定哪些变量最能解释郊狼的饮食模式。4.与其他生态区相比,温带森林中的郊狼通常更具肉食性,这主要是因为有蹄类动物的消费量更大。饮食多样性受哺乳动物消费的负面影响最大;在春季,郊狼的饮食更加多样化,人类足迹更大。小型哺乳动物的消费量、lagomorph和郊狼体型较大时的变化较小。量化清除所需的工作。总之,我们的研究结果强调了地方或区域研究的必要性,以了解郊狼在其生存和准备栖息的不同生态系统中的高度可变的生态影响。
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引用次数: 6
Testing the niche variation hypothesis in pinnipeds 鳍足动物生态位变异假说的检验
IF 4.9 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-06-19 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12297
Valentina Franco-Trecu, Silvina Botta, Renan C. de Lima, Javier Negrete, Daniel E. Naya

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引用次数: 1
Variation in red fox Vulpes vulpes diet in five continents 五大洲红狐秃鹫饮食的变异
IF 4.9 2区 生物学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2022-05-27 DOI: 10.1111/mam.12292
Irene Castañeda, Tim S. Doherty, Patricia A. Fleming, Alyson M. Stobo-Wilson, John C. Z. Woinarski, Thomas M. Newsome

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引用次数: 4
期刊
Mammal Review
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