Muchammad Rif’at Fawaid As’ad, G. Sari, Zulhabri Othman, L. Herawati
This study aims to analyze the effect of the combination of intermittent calorie restriction and moderate intensity interval training (MIIT) on serum c-reactive protein (CRP) levels as one of the inflammatory mediators and blood glucose levels in female mice exposed to a-high glycemic index diet. The sample of this study was female mice Balb/c strain, divided into four groups:, the control group (con), the intermittent calorie restriction group (restrict), the MIIT group (interv), and the combine group of intermittent calorie restriction and moderate-intensity interval training (restrict+interv). A high glycemic index diet was a high calorie and was provided by standard feed and oral gavage of 0.013 g/gBW glucosesolution. Intermittent calorie restriction was 50% reduction of the standard feed 3x/week. The MIIT was five-minute intervals of swimming and 30 seconds of passive rest consecutively for 30 minutes and 3x/week. Meanwhile, the treatment duration was four weeks. The oral glucose tolerance test consisting of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and a two-hour post -prandial (2HPP) blood glucose was measured before and after the treatment. CRP was examined only after the treatment. The restrict + interv group had a significant reduction in CRP levels compared to the restricted group (p = 0.005) and the interv group (p = 0.044). The FBG levels the restrict + interv group and restricted group had a significant decrease (p = 0.026). Moreover, 2HPP of the restrict + interv group and restricted group had a significant decline (p = 0.000). This study concludes that the combination of intermittent calorie restriction and moderate -intensity interval training can attenuate elevated serum CRP and blood glucose levels.
{"title":"The combination of intermittent caloric restriction and moderate-intensity interval training in decreasing blood glucose and CRP levels with a high glycemic index diet","authors":"Muchammad Rif’at Fawaid As’ad, G. Sari, Zulhabri Othman, L. Herawati","doi":"10.48129/kjs.12365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.12365","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze the effect of the combination of intermittent calorie restriction and moderate intensity interval training (MIIT) on serum c-reactive protein (CRP) levels as one of the inflammatory mediators and blood glucose levels in female mice exposed to a-high glycemic index diet. The sample of this study was female mice Balb/c strain, divided into four groups:, the control group (con), the intermittent calorie restriction group (restrict), the MIIT group (interv), and the combine group of intermittent calorie restriction and moderate-intensity interval training (restrict+interv). A high glycemic index diet was a high calorie and was provided by standard feed and oral gavage of 0.013 g/gBW glucosesolution. Intermittent calorie restriction was 50% reduction of the standard feed 3x/week. The MIIT was five-minute intervals of swimming and 30 seconds of passive rest consecutively for 30 minutes and 3x/week. Meanwhile, the treatment duration was four weeks. The oral glucose tolerance test consisting of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and a two-hour post -prandial (2HPP) blood glucose was measured before and after the treatment. CRP was examined only after the treatment. The restrict + interv group had a significant reduction in CRP levels compared to the restricted group (p = 0.005) and the interv group (p = 0.044). The FBG levels the restrict + interv group and restricted group had a significant decrease (p = 0.026). Moreover, 2HPP of the restrict + interv group and restricted group had a significant decline (p = 0.000). This study concludes that the combination of intermittent calorie restriction and moderate -intensity interval training can attenuate elevated serum CRP and blood glucose levels.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89394365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present work, a green method is proposed for biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using artichoke processing waste extract as reducing agent. The formation of AgNPs was spectrophotometrically detected by the appearance of maximum peak at 430 nm. Transmission electron microscopic results confirmed the formation of AgNPs with different shapes with average particle size (88.94 nm). Phytochemical and gas chromatography/ mass results indicated the presence of important compounds especially phenols and flavonoids in the artichoke waste extract. AgNPs biosynthesized using artichoke waste extract were tested to determine their potential antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities. The results showed that AgNPs have high antioxidant capacity (179.93 mgGAE/ml) and potent free radical scavenging activity (45.94 %). The results also showed that AgNPs have significantly high antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella and Escherichia coli with inhibition zone dimeter 17, 21, 17 and 17 mm, respectively. AgNPs showed anticancer activity against breast cancer cell line with a decline in cells viability with increase of AgNPs concentration and IC50 (144.29μmole/ml). Based on these results and the benefits of phytochemicals detected in artichoke waste extract, this waste could be effectively used for silver nanoparticles preparation.
{"title":"Antioxidant, antimicrobial and anti-cancer properties of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized using artichoke waste extract","authors":"G. El-Chaghaby, S. Rashad, Heba F. Eid","doi":"10.48129/kjs.10012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.10012","url":null,"abstract":"In the present work, a green method is proposed for biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using artichoke processing waste extract as reducing agent. The formation of AgNPs was spectrophotometrically detected by the appearance of maximum peak at 430 nm. Transmission electron microscopic results confirmed the formation of AgNPs with different shapes with average particle size (88.94 nm). Phytochemical and gas chromatography/ mass results indicated the presence of important compounds especially phenols and flavonoids in the artichoke waste extract. AgNPs biosynthesized using artichoke waste extract were tested to determine their potential antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities. The results showed that AgNPs have high antioxidant capacity (179.93 mgGAE/ml) and potent free radical scavenging activity (45.94 %). The results also showed that AgNPs have significantly high antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella and Escherichia coli with inhibition zone dimeter 17, 21, 17 and 17 mm, respectively. AgNPs showed anticancer activity against breast cancer cell line with a decline in cells viability with increase of AgNPs concentration and IC50 (144.29μmole/ml). Based on these results and the benefits of phytochemicals detected in artichoke waste extract, this waste could be effectively used for silver nanoparticles preparation.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86498122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In many modern sciences, electron transfer is required, such as electron microscopes, microwaves, and screens. There have been numerous reports of the formation of microstructures on silicon surfaces using lasers in halogen-containing media and their optical, electrical and other physical properties. A silicon microstructured field emitter is modeled with Fowler-Nortium field diffusion theory, and the breakdown currents are consistent. Breakdown voltage, field gain coefficient, current and current density, and emitter region (in case of breakdown) are considered in the simulation. Comparison between simulation and experimental results shows that the microstructure has field emitter properties and can be used as a new field emitter.
{"title":"Modeling of Field Emission from Laser Etched Porous Silicon","authors":"Dehghanpour H.R","doi":"10.48129/kjs.17069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.17069","url":null,"abstract":"In many modern sciences, electron transfer is required, such as electron microscopes, microwaves, and screens. There have been numerous reports of the formation of microstructures on silicon surfaces using lasers in halogen-containing media and their optical, electrical and other physical properties. A silicon microstructured field emitter is modeled with Fowler-Nortium field diffusion theory, and the breakdown currents are consistent. Breakdown voltage, field gain coefficient, current and current density, and emitter region (in case of breakdown) are considered in the simulation. Comparison between simulation and experimental results shows that the microstructure has field emitter properties and can be used as a new field emitter.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87126594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chaotic lasers are widely used in secure communication, optical detection and other applications due to their noise-like randomness, excellent anti-jamming and other advantages. This research looks into the chaotic laser's performance at a low cost. The performance related to a semiconductor laser with double delayed feedback is observed and its characteristics are determined in experimental research utilizing OptiSystem simulator. The chaotic laser output is fed back to the Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) to make the original system. The gain coefficient changes dynamically, and a second time delay is introduced into the system. The feedback time and feedback strength of the improved chaotic system are studied under varying input bias current, frequency and modulation beak current. Bifurcation diagram results show that the chaotic laser output by the optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) is more complex and has lower delay characteristics. This method does not increase too much Under the premise of system cost, more complex chaotic signals can be generated, and the signal delay characteristics can be reduced, which is conducive to improving the security of the communication system.
{"title":"Enhancement of Optical Chaos Generator using Double Delayed Feedback","authors":"R. I. Ibrahim","doi":"10.48129/kjs.17025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.17025","url":null,"abstract":"Chaotic lasers are widely used in secure communication, optical detection and other applications due to their noise-like randomness, excellent anti-jamming and other advantages. This research looks into the chaotic laser's performance at a low cost. The performance related to a semiconductor laser with double delayed feedback is observed and its characteristics are determined in experimental research utilizing OptiSystem simulator. The chaotic laser output is fed back to the Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) to make the original system. The gain coefficient changes dynamically, and a second time delay is introduced into the system. The feedback time and feedback strength of the improved chaotic system are studied under varying input bias current, frequency and modulation beak current. Bifurcation diagram results show that the chaotic laser output by the optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) is more complex and has lower delay characteristics. This method does not increase too much Under the premise of system cost, more complex chaotic signals can be generated, and the signal delay characteristics can be reduced, which is conducive to improving the security of the communication system.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83073210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Congestion is a significant issue for event-based applications due to the continuous data collection and transmission by the sensors constituting the network. The congestion control technique monitors the process of adjusting the data and intends to manage the network traffic level to the threshold value. The information gathered from an intensive study is required to strengthen the knowledge base for devising a QoS based congestion evasion clustering framework of wireless sensor networks. In this scheme, the cluster heads are optimally determined and dispersed over the network. The data aggregation approach has been applied in a clustered network and set out a crucial paradigm for WSN routing. The proposal employs to mitigate congestion while messages are being forwarded via an alternate route to distribute the traffic and increase the throughput. This technique aims to balance the energy ingestion among the sensor nodes, reduce energy consumption, improve network lifetime, and achieve the quality of services. The result analysis revealed that the proposed scheme recommends 22.5% better throughput, 21% lesser end-to-end delay, 25.5% better delivery ratio, and efficiently relieves congestion while preserving the network's performance for attaining QoS in wireless sensor networks.
{"title":"QoS based congestion evasion clustering framework of wireless sensor networks","authors":"Soumyabrata Saha, R. Chaki","doi":"10.48129/kjs.17331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.17331","url":null,"abstract":"Congestion is a significant issue for event-based applications due to the continuous data collection and transmission by the sensors constituting the network. The congestion control technique monitors the process of adjusting the data and intends to manage the network traffic level to the threshold value. The information gathered from an intensive study is required to strengthen the knowledge base for devising a QoS based congestion evasion clustering framework of wireless sensor networks. In this scheme, the cluster heads are optimally determined and dispersed over the network. The data aggregation approach has been applied in a clustered network and set out a crucial paradigm for WSN routing. The proposal employs to mitigate congestion while messages are being forwarded via an alternate route to distribute the traffic and increase the throughput. This technique aims to balance the energy ingestion among the sensor nodes, reduce energy consumption, improve network lifetime, and achieve the quality of services. The result analysis revealed that the proposed scheme recommends 22.5% better throughput, 21% lesser end-to-end delay, 25.5% better delivery ratio, and efficiently relieves congestion while preserving the network's performance for attaining QoS in wireless sensor networks.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78862451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Monte Carlo (MC) method is a computer simulation that is widely used in different disciplines including physics, biology, biophysics, medical imaging, biomedical engineering, etc. In addition, MC method is often used to simulate the interaction of radiation with cells, tissues, and the environment. In the present study, mass attenuation coefficient, stopping power, and penetrating distance calculations were performed for cell membranes having an approximately 60-100Å thickness. These calculations have been done for lipid bilayer structure of cell membrane via MC techniques employing two of the most known computer-aided calculation and simulation software which are MC methods such as SRIM-2013 (The Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter) and MCNPv6 (Monte Carlo N-Particle) with XCOM software. Stopping power and penetrating distance calculations were obtained using SRIM-2013. Also, both XCOM software and MCNPv6 simulation code were used to obtain photon interaction parameters within the energy range of 0.01 – 10000keV. Obtained all results from different codes have been visualized by graphing for evaluation.
{"title":"Mass attenuation coefficient, stopping power, and penetrating distance calculations via Monte Carlo simulations for cell membranes","authors":"Y. A. Üncü, Gençay Sevim, O. Agar, H. Özdoğan","doi":"10.48129/kjs.15657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.15657","url":null,"abstract":"The Monte Carlo (MC) method is a computer simulation that is widely used in different disciplines including physics, biology, biophysics, medical imaging, biomedical engineering, etc. In addition, MC method is often used to simulate the interaction of radiation with cells, tissues, and the environment. In the present study, mass attenuation coefficient, stopping power, and penetrating distance calculations were performed for cell membranes having an approximately 60-100Å thickness. These calculations have been done for lipid bilayer structure of cell membrane via MC techniques employing two of the most known computer-aided calculation and simulation software which are MC methods such as SRIM-2013 (The Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter) and MCNPv6 (Monte Carlo N-Particle) with XCOM software. Stopping power and penetrating distance calculations were obtained using SRIM-2013. Also, both XCOM software and MCNPv6 simulation code were used to obtain photon interaction parameters within the energy range of 0.01 – 10000keV. Obtained all results from different codes have been visualized by graphing for evaluation.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90776024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Batool, J. Qadir, Misbah Shan, Feiya Li, F. A. Malik, H. M. Awan
Multiple cancers arise due to aberrations in the Wnt signaling pathway. Several miRNAs modulate the integral components of the wingless integrated (Wnt) signaling pathway. miR-3648 is a human-specific miRNAs that is of particular interest due to its minimal off-targeting effect. In this study, we investigated the expression of miR-3648 and APC2 in breast cancer patients of Pakistan. Correlations of miR-3648 and APC2 expression with clinico-pathological features and breast cancer subtypes were observed in tissue samples by means of quantitative real time PCR. Our results showed that miR-3648 was relatively downregulated in Luminal A subtype, with corresponding upregulation of APC2 in these patients. Moreover, the transcript levels of both miR-3648 and APC2 were found to be inversely regulated in breast cancer women presented with early disease onset, pre-menopause, low tumor grade, early clinical stage, absence of nodal invasion and metastasis, further suggesting the molecular interplay of these molecules in breast cancer development and progression.
{"title":"Involvement of miR-3648 mediated APC2 1 dysregulation in early onset and breast cancer progression","authors":"M. Batool, J. Qadir, Misbah Shan, Feiya Li, F. A. Malik, H. M. Awan","doi":"10.48129/kjs.15891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.15891","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple cancers arise due to aberrations in the Wnt signaling pathway. Several miRNAs modulate the integral components of the wingless integrated (Wnt) signaling pathway. miR-3648 is a human-specific miRNAs that is of particular interest due to its minimal off-targeting effect. In this study, we investigated the expression of miR-3648 and APC2 in breast cancer patients of Pakistan. Correlations of miR-3648 and APC2 expression with clinico-pathological features and breast cancer subtypes were observed in tissue samples by means of quantitative real time PCR. Our results showed that miR-3648 was relatively downregulated in Luminal A subtype, with corresponding upregulation of APC2 in these patients. Moreover, the transcript levels of both miR-3648 and APC2 were found to be inversely regulated in breast cancer women presented with early disease onset, pre-menopause, low tumor grade, early clinical stage, absence of nodal invasion and metastasis, further suggesting the molecular interplay of these molecules in breast cancer development and progression.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90735318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The intensity of gamma radiation reduces as it traverses through matter. The gamma radiation from earth’s surface is attenuated by non-radioactive burden between the ground and the detector. The relative intensity of unscattered to scattered gamma radiation by air in ambient atmosphere is measured using in-situ gamma spectrometric method. The air thickness up to 300 cm is used for studying attenuation of terrestrial gamma radiation. No significant attenuation is measured up to 100 cm thickness of air between the detector and the ground. The attenuation by air is found to increase with increasing thickness of air. Also, the attenuation of terrestrial gamma radionuclides (40K) is found higher than 238U and 232Th as 40K has lower energy compared to them.
{"title":"Scattering of gamma radiation by air in the ambient environment using gamma ray spectrometry","authors":"A. Mishra, R. Khanal","doi":"10.48129/kjs.17253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.17253","url":null,"abstract":"The intensity of gamma radiation reduces as it traverses through matter. The gamma radiation from earth’s surface is attenuated by non-radioactive burden between the ground and the detector. The relative intensity of unscattered to scattered gamma radiation by air in ambient atmosphere is measured using in-situ gamma spectrometric method. The air thickness up to 300 cm is used for studying attenuation of terrestrial gamma radiation. No significant attenuation is measured up to 100 cm thickness of air between the detector and the ground. The attenuation by air is found to increase with increasing thickness of air. Also, the attenuation of terrestrial gamma radionuclides (40K) is found higher than 238U and 232Th as 40K has lower energy compared to them.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88195636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper reports the prototype fabrication and characterization of microstrip patch antenna using the sol-gel derived composite nanoparticles of vanadium pentoxide oxide (V2O5) and zinc aluminate (ZnAl2O4). The prepared composite nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), which exhibited the dominant peaks of ZnAl2O4 and V2O5. The crystallite size of the nanoparticles was estimated to be 16 nm. The sample was also studied using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to examine the functional groups morphology and elemental composition present in the composite nanoparticles. Further, these nanoparticles were employed in fabricating the prototype microstrip patch antenna to evaluate its characteristics. The fabricated antenna showed its return loss of -17.13 dB at a resonant frequency of 4.64 GHz.
{"title":"Investigation of V2O5-ZnAl2O4 Composite Nanoparticles for C-band Microstrip Patch Antenna Applications","authors":"Srilali Siragam, R. S. Dubey, L. Pappula","doi":"10.48129/kjs.17783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.17783","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the prototype fabrication and characterization of microstrip patch antenna using the sol-gel derived composite nanoparticles of vanadium pentoxide oxide (V2O5) and zinc aluminate (ZnAl2O4). The prepared composite nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), which exhibited the dominant peaks of ZnAl2O4 and V2O5. The crystallite size of the nanoparticles was estimated to be 16 nm. The sample was also studied using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) to examine the functional groups morphology and elemental composition present in the composite nanoparticles. Further, these nanoparticles were employed in fabricating the prototype microstrip patch antenna to evaluate its characteristics. The fabricated antenna showed its return loss of -17.13 dB at a resonant frequency of 4.64 GHz.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83619238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Unnisa, Saheem Ahmad, S. Jandrajupalli, K. Younes, S. Abobaker, S. Chandolu, M. Khalid, Lakshmi Sudeepthi N
Cytokines are proteins that play a critical role in the development, maturation, and functional activities of immune cells. For the first time, we have investigated the potential role of Terminalia arjuna as IL-4 and IL-13 modulators for preventing T1DM, i.e., autoimmune diabetes. It has been well documented that the stimulation of IL-4 and IL-13 can regulate the level of type 2 cytokines which can be maintained with the level of type 1 cytokines. In the present study, gallic acid, arjunolic acid, luteolin, ellagic acid, and arjunone were investigated for their potential modulating activity of IL-4 and IL-13. The active amino acid residues identified for IL-4 are VAL51, HIS58, ASP87, THR30, GLN54, THR63, ARG64, LYS84, and GLU60. The active amino acid residues identified for IL-13 are H: GLU46, H: TRP47, H: GLN61, L: PHE98, L: VAL97, L: GLU162, L: THR163, H: ARG105, L: GLN38, L: ASP85, H: GLY42, L: GLY41, H: PRO41, H: TRP47, and L: PHE98. The phytoconstituents demonstrated better modulating activity towards IL-13 than IL-4. Luteolin displayed better potential for both IL-4 and IL-13, and therefore we concluded that it could be used to modulate the activity of IL-4 and IL-13 for the prevention of autoimmune diabetes.
{"title":"Investigation of Terminalia arjuna as potential IL-4 and IL-13 modulator for the prevention of autoimmune diabetes: A Pharmacoinformatics based study","authors":"A. Unnisa, Saheem Ahmad, S. Jandrajupalli, K. Younes, S. Abobaker, S. Chandolu, M. Khalid, Lakshmi Sudeepthi N","doi":"10.48129/kjs.17337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.17337","url":null,"abstract":"Cytokines are proteins that play a critical role in the development, maturation, and functional activities of immune cells. For the first time, we have investigated the potential role of Terminalia arjuna as IL-4 and IL-13 modulators for preventing T1DM, i.e., autoimmune diabetes. It has been well documented that the stimulation of IL-4 and IL-13 can regulate the level of type 2 cytokines which can be maintained with the level of type 1 cytokines. In the present study, gallic acid, arjunolic acid, luteolin, ellagic acid, and arjunone were investigated for their potential modulating activity of IL-4 and IL-13. The active amino acid residues identified for IL-4 are VAL51, HIS58, ASP87, THR30, GLN54, THR63, ARG64, LYS84, and GLU60. The active amino acid residues identified for IL-13 are H: GLU46, H: TRP47, H: GLN61, L: PHE98, L: VAL97, L: GLU162, L: THR163, H: ARG105, L: GLN38, L: ASP85, H: GLY42, L: GLY41, H: PRO41, H: TRP47, and L: PHE98. The phytoconstituents demonstrated better modulating activity towards IL-13 than IL-4. Luteolin displayed better potential for both IL-4 and IL-13, and therefore we concluded that it could be used to modulate the activity of IL-4 and IL-13 for the prevention of autoimmune diabetes.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89526977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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