Arief Hidayatullah, W. E. Putra, Muhaimin Rifa’i, Sustiprijatno Sustiprijatno, Muhammad F Heikal, D. Widiastuti, G. Permatasari, H. Susanto, A. Shuib
Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent form of cancer in Indonesia. HPV16 and HPV 18 are the leading causes of cervical cancer, accounting for 70-90% of cases. The E5 protein may play a critical role in the disease’s development. Although the high-risk (HR) version of this protein may have some benefits in evading the immune system through MHC I and influencing the cell cycle via p21/p27, very few studies have been performed owing to its tiny size and high hydrophobicity. The purpose of this research is to predict the anti-viral activity of asarinin and thiazolo[3,2-a]benzimidazole-3(2H)-one,2-(2-fluorobenzylideno)-7,8-dimethyl (thiazolo) using molecular docking and molecular dynamics. The docking results showed that the two candidate drugs had a lower docking affinity than rimantadine but comparable stability. Both potent compounds are predicted to disrupt MHC I localization in the ER, the ability of infected cells to proliferate, and the virion assembly process. In contrast, rimantadine is predicted to disrupt infected cells’ proliferation ability via the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) regulation and inhibit the activation process of mitogenic signalling in keratinocytes.
{"title":"Molecular docking and molecular dynamic study of multiple medicinal plants’ bioactive compounds as human papillomavirus type 16 E5 protein inhibitor","authors":"Arief Hidayatullah, W. E. Putra, Muhaimin Rifa’i, Sustiprijatno Sustiprijatno, Muhammad F Heikal, D. Widiastuti, G. Permatasari, H. Susanto, A. Shuib","doi":"10.48129/kjs.16169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.16169","url":null,"abstract":"Cervical cancer is the second most prevalent form of cancer in Indonesia. HPV16 and HPV 18 are the leading causes of cervical cancer, accounting for 70-90% of cases. The E5 protein may play a critical role in the disease’s development. Although the high-risk (HR) version of this protein may have some benefits in evading the immune system through MHC I and influencing the cell cycle via p21/p27, very few studies have been performed owing to its tiny size and high hydrophobicity. The purpose of this research is to predict the anti-viral activity of asarinin and thiazolo[3,2-a]benzimidazole-3(2H)-one,2-(2-fluorobenzylideno)-7,8-dimethyl (thiazolo) using molecular docking and molecular dynamics. The docking results showed that the two candidate drugs had a lower docking affinity than rimantadine but comparable stability. Both potent compounds are predicted to disrupt MHC I localization in the ER, the ability of infected cells to proliferate, and the virion assembly process. In contrast, rimantadine is predicted to disrupt infected cells’ proliferation ability via the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) regulation and inhibit the activation process of mitogenic signalling in keratinocytes.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89403173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arshad Wahab Abdul Rheem Al-Enezy, Mohanad R. A. Al-Owaidi, M. Hussein
Groundwater is the main source of sustaining life in the Najaf Desert that helps sustain human and animals’ lives. The aquifer of the Dammam Formation is considered as the main source of groundwater in the study area. The isotope elements have been used as a geochemical indicator to determine the age, direction of flow and the effect of rainwater of this area. The values of stable isotopes δ18O and δ2H range between -2.56‰ to -1.99‰, and between 7.12‰ to -4.84‰ with an average of -2.32‰ and -6.20‰ in rainfall respectively. Their values range from -3.26‰ to -2.01‰ for δ18O, and from -27.00‰ to -16.21‰ for δ2H with an average of -2.70‰ and -22.27‰ in the Dammam groundwater respectively. The groundwater is old and does not mix with new water, because tritium has not been not detected. Furthermore, the δ18O and δ2H values show that the rainwater, which feeds the aquifer does not come from the continental lands. They represent a humid and cold climate, as well as a considerable amount of rainfall in the past. Analyses of 14C indicate that the groundwater dates back to approximately 4176 years ago. The groundwater is moving from the west and southwest directions to the north and northeast directions.
{"title":"Using isotopes for dating and residence time of groundwater in an aquifer, a case study at Al-Najaf, Middle Iraq","authors":"Arshad Wahab Abdul Rheem Al-Enezy, Mohanad R. A. Al-Owaidi, M. Hussein","doi":"10.48129/kjs.17107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.17107","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater is the main source of sustaining life in the Najaf Desert that helps sustain human and animals’ lives. The aquifer of the Dammam Formation is considered as the main source of groundwater in the study area. The isotope elements have been used as a geochemical indicator to determine the age, direction of flow and the effect of rainwater of this area. The values of stable isotopes δ18O and δ2H range between -2.56‰ to -1.99‰, and between 7.12‰ to -4.84‰ with an average of -2.32‰ and -6.20‰ in rainfall respectively. Their values range from -3.26‰ to -2.01‰ for δ18O, and from -27.00‰ to -16.21‰ for δ2H with an average of -2.70‰ and -22.27‰ in the Dammam groundwater respectively. The groundwater is old and does not mix with new water, because tritium has not been not detected. Furthermore, the δ18O and δ2H values show that the rainwater, which feeds the aquifer does not come from the continental lands. They represent a humid and cold climate, as well as a considerable amount of rainfall in the past. Analyses of 14C indicate that the groundwater dates back to approximately 4176 years ago. The groundwater is moving from the west and southwest directions to the north and northeast directions.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88073687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Radar Cross Section (RCS) of perfect electromagnetic conductor (PEMC) cylinder using an incident Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beam has been investigated. LG beam potential function is used to expand the incident and scattered electromagnetic (EM) field components. The co- and cross-polarized scattered field coefficients are determined by applying the PEMC boundary conditions at the interface i.e., 𝑟=𝑎. The obtained values for co- and cross-polarized scattered field components would be helpful to find out the scattered field distribution. A comparison of our results for PEMC and PMC for fundamental LG beam with beam mode 𝑝=0, 𝑙=0, i.e., 𝐿𝐺00 match with the gaussian beam scattering as witnessed in published work. The effects of OAM mode index (𝑙), beam waist radius (𝑤0), and PEMC cylinder radius on RCS have been analyzed.
{"title":"Radar Cross Section (RCS) of perfect electromagnetic conductor (PEMC) cylinder by a Laguerre–Gaussian beam","authors":"A. M., Ghaffar A., Naz M.Y., Hanif M. A.","doi":"10.48129/kjs.19021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.19021","url":null,"abstract":"Radar Cross Section (RCS) of perfect electromagnetic conductor (PEMC) cylinder using an incident Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) beam has been investigated. LG beam potential function is used to expand the incident and scattered electromagnetic (EM) field components. The co- and cross-polarized scattered field coefficients are determined by applying the PEMC boundary conditions at the interface i.e., 𝑟=𝑎. The obtained values for co- and cross-polarized scattered field components would be helpful to find out the scattered field distribution. A comparison of our results for PEMC and PMC for fundamental LG beam with beam mode 𝑝=0, 𝑙=0, i.e., 𝐿𝐺00 match with the gaussian beam scattering as witnessed in published work. The effects of OAM mode index (𝑙), beam waist radius (𝑤0), and PEMC cylinder radius on RCS have been analyzed.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73966662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Navigation in dynamic environments for mobile robots is a difficult problem as it involves estimating the path of moving obstacles. The measured data usually contains a bias and noise in addition to its true value. Based on a stacked denoising autoencoder (SDAE), the enhanced Kalman filter developed in this paper can estimate the obstacle position from any type of noisy input. The extended Kalman filter's ability to predict an error-free path is impacted by the measurement noise covariance matrix employed. The SDAE is a neural network topology based on deep learning that can be used to determine the optimum covariance matrix. Both Adam and stochastic gradient learning algorithms are used to train the neural network. The robot's path is re-planned based on the predicted obstacle path to ensure safe navigation. MATLAB-based numerical simulations are used to demonstrate the utility and superiority of the proposed method over the traditional Kalman filter and Particle filter methodologies. The simulation results show that in the presence of any sort of noise, the proposed technique is exceptionally durable and reliable. The simulation findings also reveal that when it comes to denoising the measured data, the stacked denoising autoencoder with Adam optimizer is more efficient than the stochastic approach. The performance of the developed algorithm is validated in MATLAB simulated environments, and it can be extended for navigation tasks. In terms of computation time and robustness in closely spaced obstacles, simulation experiments demonstrated that the path planning using the proposed algorithm outperforms the hybrid A star, artificial potential field, and decision algorithms.
{"title":"Real time obstacle motion prediction using neural network based extended Kalman filter for robot path planning","authors":"Najva Hassan, Abdulrahman Saleem","doi":"10.48129/kjs.18361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.18361","url":null,"abstract":"Navigation in dynamic environments for mobile robots is a difficult problem as it involves estimating the path of moving obstacles. The measured data usually contains a bias and noise in addition to its true value. Based on a stacked denoising autoencoder (SDAE), the enhanced Kalman filter developed in this paper can estimate the obstacle position from any type of noisy input. The extended Kalman filter's ability to predict an error-free path is impacted by the measurement noise covariance matrix employed. The SDAE is a neural network topology based on deep learning that can be used to determine the optimum covariance matrix. Both Adam and stochastic gradient learning algorithms are used to train the neural network. The robot's path is re-planned based on the predicted obstacle path to ensure safe navigation. MATLAB-based numerical simulations are used to demonstrate the utility and superiority of the proposed method over the traditional Kalman filter and Particle filter methodologies. The simulation results show that in the presence of any sort of noise, the proposed technique is exceptionally durable and reliable. The simulation findings also reveal that when it comes to denoising the measured data, the stacked denoising autoencoder with Adam optimizer is more efficient than the stochastic approach. The performance of the developed algorithm is validated in MATLAB simulated environments, and it can be extended for navigation tasks. In terms of computation time and robustness in closely spaced obstacles, simulation experiments demonstrated that the path planning using the proposed algorithm outperforms the hybrid A star, artificial potential field, and decision algorithms.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90303523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human activity recognition (HAR) encompasses the detection of daily routine activities to advance usability in detecting crime and preventing dangerous activities. The recognition of activities from videos and image sequences with higher exactitude is a major challenge due to system complexities. The efficient feature optimization approach can reduce system complexities by removing ineffective features, which also improves the activity recognition performance. This research work presents a novel quantum behaved intelligent gravitational search algorithm to optimize the features for human activity recognition. The proposed intelligent variant is termed as INQGSA, which optimizes the features by using the advantageous attributes of quantum computing (QC) and intelligent gravitational search algorithm (INGSA). In INQGSA, the intelligent factor avoids the trapping of mass agents in later iterations by using the information of the best and worst agents to update the position of agents. The addition of quantum computing based attributes (such as quantum bits, their superposition, and quantum gates, etc.) ensures a better diversity of discrete optimized features. To analyze the superiority of INQGSA, the feature optimization is also conducted with the gravitational search algorithm (GSA) and the quantum-inspired binary gravitational search algorithm (QBGSA). Finally, the optimized selected features are utilized by the deep neural networks (DNN) of ResNet-50V2 and ResNet-101V2 for the classification of activities. The activity recognition experiments are conducted on the UCF101 and HMDB51 datasets. The performance comparison of the proposed HAR system with state-of-the-art techniques signifies that the proposed system is superior and effective in detecting the different activities.
{"title":"Quantum behaved Intelligent Variant of Gravitational Search Algorithm with Deep Neural Networks for Human Activity Recognition","authors":"Sonika Jindal, M. Sachdeva, A. Kushwaha","doi":"10.48129/kjs.18531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.18531","url":null,"abstract":"Human activity recognition (HAR) encompasses the detection of daily routine activities to advance usability in detecting crime and preventing dangerous activities. The recognition of activities from videos and image sequences with higher exactitude is a major challenge due to system complexities. The efficient feature optimization approach can reduce system complexities by removing ineffective features, which also improves the activity recognition performance. This research work presents a novel quantum behaved intelligent gravitational search algorithm to optimize the features for human activity recognition. The proposed intelligent variant is termed as INQGSA, which optimizes the features by using the advantageous attributes of quantum computing (QC) and intelligent gravitational search algorithm (INGSA). In INQGSA, the intelligent factor avoids the trapping of mass agents in later iterations by using the information of the best and worst agents to update the position of agents. The addition of quantum computing based attributes (such as quantum bits, their superposition, and quantum gates, etc.) ensures a better diversity of discrete optimized features. To analyze the superiority of INQGSA, the feature optimization is also conducted with the gravitational search algorithm (GSA) and the quantum-inspired binary gravitational search algorithm (QBGSA). Finally, the optimized selected features are utilized by the deep neural networks (DNN) of ResNet-50V2 and ResNet-101V2 for the classification of activities. The activity recognition experiments are conducted on the UCF101 and HMDB51 datasets. The performance comparison of the proposed HAR system with state-of-the-art techniques signifies that the proposed system is superior and effective in detecting the different activities.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74605959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sinkholes in Karapınar and their rapidly increasing occurrence rate are considered one of the main hazards that threaten arable lands and human life. The sudden occurrence and unavoidable characteristics of sinkholes make them more dangerous and challenging to avoid. More than 300 sinkholes have been recorded in the Karapınar region of Konya province in Turkey. There are intensive agricultural activities in the region, and therefore over 60,000 water wells are used to meet the demand. Thus, drought, the effects of climate change and decreasing precipitation rate reveal stress on sinkhole occurrence due to the geological structure of the region and its high tendency to sinkholes since ancient times due to its volcanic history. The primary purpose of this study is to predict possible sinkhole occurrence probabilities in Konya, Karapınar region based on historical occurrences and to report to the authorities to raise awareness about this problem. The Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model is applied for sinkhole susceptibility mapping by evaluating 17 variables affecting sinkhole occurrence in meteorological, topographic, environmental, and geological aspects. The results indicated that 458.52 km2 (2.48%) of the study area is highly susceptible to sinkholes. 100 sinkholes were assigned as sample data, and 45 sinkholes were set as test data for the MaxEnt model. The AUC values of training data with 0.978 and test data with 0.963 were calculated where a good correlation was provided. The variables Annual Mean Temperature, Precipitation Seasonality (Coefficient of Variation) Geology, and precipitation, which are mostly responsible for sinkhole formations, have been calculated.
{"title":"Maximum entropy model-based spatial sinkhole occurrence prediction in Karapınar, Turkey","authors":"F. Sarı, M. Yalcin","doi":"10.48129/kjs.19149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.19149","url":null,"abstract":"Sinkholes in Karapınar and their rapidly increasing occurrence rate are considered one of the main hazards that threaten arable lands and human life. The sudden occurrence and unavoidable characteristics of sinkholes make them more dangerous and challenging to avoid. More than 300 sinkholes have been recorded in the Karapınar region of Konya province in Turkey. There are intensive agricultural activities in the region, and therefore over 60,000 water wells are used to meet the demand. Thus, drought, the effects of climate change and decreasing precipitation rate reveal stress on sinkhole occurrence due to the geological structure of the region and its high tendency to sinkholes since ancient times due to its volcanic history. The primary purpose of this study is to predict possible sinkhole occurrence probabilities in Konya, Karapınar region based on historical occurrences and to report to the authorities to raise awareness about this problem. The Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model is applied for sinkhole susceptibility mapping by evaluating 17 variables affecting sinkhole occurrence in meteorological, topographic, environmental, and geological aspects. The results indicated that 458.52 km2 (2.48%) of the study area is highly susceptible to sinkholes. 100 sinkholes were assigned as sample data, and 45 sinkholes were set as test data for the MaxEnt model. The AUC values of training data with 0.978 and test data with 0.963 were calculated where a good correlation was provided. The variables Annual Mean Temperature, Precipitation Seasonality (Coefficient of Variation) Geology, and precipitation, which are mostly responsible for sinkhole formations, have been calculated.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83598084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objectives of the present study were to determine the antimicrobial resistance profiles and evaluate the occurrence of metallo-β-lactamase and other carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacilli isolated from different sources in Mosul city. Bacterial isolates were recovered from clinical, veterinary, and environmental specimens and samples. Pure isolates were identified and tested for determination of their antimicrobial resistance profiles using disk diffusion method. Phenotypic detection of metallo-carbapenemase-producing bacteria was conducted using combined disk method. Imipenem-resistant strains were subjected to molecular detection of carbapenemase genes ( bla VIM , bla KPC , bla NDM , bla OXA-48 , bla IMP ) using multiplex PCR. Three hundred and ninety three bacterial isolates were recovered from (365) specimens and samples, 246 isolates (62.6%) were multi-drug resistant (MDR). The isolates were highly resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, tetracycline, cefotaxime, sulfamethoxazole, and ceftriaxone (96.7%, 65.1%, 64.1% and 63.6%, and 63.1% respectively). Carbapenems were the most effective antimicrobials used, the percentages of isolates resistant to imipenem and meropenem were (12.5%), and (10.7%), respectively. The study found that (7.4%) of the isolates were metallo-carbapenemase producers, phenotypically. Multiplex PCR results revealed that 47/49 (95.5%) imipenem-resistant isolates were positive for PCR detection test, isolates with double genes ( bla KPC + bla VIM and bla KPC + bla NDM ) were the most prevalent (n=9; 18.4% for each), followed by bla KPC and bla NDM (n=8; 16.3% for each), and bla VIM (n=6; 12.2% ). Three isolates (6.1%) were positive for bla IMP and two others (4.1%) were positive for each of bla OXA-48 and bla KPC + bla OXA-48 , while two isolates (4.1%) gave a negative result for the test. In conclusion, carbapenemase genes were detected in the environmental isolates as well as in the clinical and veterinary ones, which might suggest the transmission of carbapenemase-producing bacteria and /or resistance determinants from clinical and veterinary settings to the environment.
本研究的目的是确定摩苏尔市不同来源分离的革兰氏阴性杆菌的抗微生物药物耐药性特征，并评估金属β-内酰胺酶和其他碳青霉烯酶的发生情况。从临床、兽医和环境标本和样品中分离出细菌。采用纸片扩散法对纯分离菌进行鉴定和耐药谱测定。采用联合圆盘法对金属碳青霉烯酶产菌进行表型检测。采用多重PCR方法检测耐亚胺培南菌株的碳青霉烯酶基因(bla VIM、bla KPC、bla NDM、bla OXA-48、bla IMP)。共检出393株细菌，其中246株(62.6%)为多药耐药(MDR)。对阿莫西林-克拉维酸、四环素、头孢噻肟、磺胺甲恶唑和头孢曲松的耐药率分别为96.7%、65.1%、64.1%、63.6%和63.1%。碳青霉烯类药物是最有效的抗菌药物，对亚胺培南和美罗培南的耐药比例分别为12.5%和10.7%。研究发现(7.4%)的分离株在表型上是金属碳青霉烯酶的生产者。多重PCR结果显示，47/49株(95.5%)亚胺培南耐药菌株PCR检测阳性，以双基因(bla KPC + bla VIM和bla KPC + bla NDM)菌株最多(n=9;各占18.4%)，其次是bla KPC和bla NDM (n=8;各占16.3%)，bla VIM (n=6;12.2%)。bla IMP阳性3株(6.1%)，bla OXA-48和bla KPC + bla OXA-48各阳性2株(4.1%)，阴性2株(4.1%)。总之，在环境分离株以及临床和兽医分离株中检测到碳青霉烯酶基因，这可能表明碳青霉烯酶产生菌和/或耐药决定因素从临床和兽医环境传播到环境。
{"title":"Determination of antimicrobial resistance profiles and molecular detection of carbapenemases in Gram negative bacilli isolated from different sources in Mosul city, Iraq","authors":"Dr. Mahmood Z. Al-Hasso","doi":"10.48129/kjs.17079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.17079","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of the present study were to determine the antimicrobial resistance profiles and evaluate the occurrence of metallo-β-lactamase and other carbapenemases in Gram-negative bacilli isolated from different sources in Mosul city. Bacterial isolates were recovered from clinical, veterinary, and environmental specimens and samples. Pure isolates were identified and tested for determination of their antimicrobial resistance profiles using disk diffusion method. Phenotypic detection of metallo-carbapenemase-producing bacteria was conducted using combined disk method. Imipenem-resistant strains were subjected to molecular detection of carbapenemase genes ( bla VIM , bla KPC , bla NDM , bla OXA-48 , bla IMP ) using multiplex PCR. Three hundred and ninety three bacterial isolates were recovered from (365) specimens and samples, 246 isolates (62.6%) were multi-drug resistant (MDR). The isolates were highly resistant to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, tetracycline, cefotaxime, sulfamethoxazole, and ceftriaxone (96.7%, 65.1%, 64.1% and 63.6%, and 63.1% respectively). Carbapenems were the most effective antimicrobials used, the percentages of isolates resistant to imipenem and meropenem were (12.5%), and (10.7%), respectively. The study found that (7.4%) of the isolates were metallo-carbapenemase producers, phenotypically. Multiplex PCR results revealed that 47/49 (95.5%) imipenem-resistant isolates were positive for PCR detection test, isolates with double genes ( bla KPC + bla VIM and bla KPC + bla NDM ) were the most prevalent (n=9; 18.4% for each), followed by bla KPC and bla NDM (n=8; 16.3% for each), and bla VIM (n=6; 12.2% ). Three isolates (6.1%) were positive for bla IMP and two others (4.1%) were positive for each of bla OXA-48 and bla KPC + bla OXA-48 , while two isolates (4.1%) gave a negative result for the test. In conclusion, carbapenemase genes were detected in the environmental isolates as well as in the clinical and veterinary ones, which might suggest the transmission of carbapenemase-producing bacteria and /or resistance determinants from clinical and veterinary settings to the environment.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74891552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sheep mortality is a common agenda noticed in sheep farms globally. The mortality rate of newborn lambs in Kuwait ranges between 35 to 50 per cent (~43 per cent), leading to low profitability or loss to the farmer. Vaccination gives a better remedy to withstand the infections and stresses. Vaccines are available at various rates and hence the feasibility of the farmers to afford for vaccines and the subsequent profit to be earned need to be clarified for vaccinating their sheep confidently. With this objective, an investigation was conducted to cost analyze vaccinated sheep production that includes their feed, drinking water and housing values. A cost benefit analysis is an imperative activity that includes break down of total cost of each component and synthesizing to reach a value to compare with the profit gain from such activity. The total cost was calculated by vaccinating 5 groups of 30 ewes each along with the cost of feed, water and electricity for a period of 1 year to raise ewes. According to the results, a very slight difference in vaccine cost which is very nominal is recorded suggesting to vaccinate the ewes for the combined vaccine (Pasteurella + Clostridia + Pest de Petites Ruminants (PPR)) to protect for multiple diseases causing high mortality rate.
{"title":"Cost Benefit Analysis of Vaccination for Sheep in Kuwait Farms","authors":"H. Burezq, Faten Khalil","doi":"10.48129/kjs.16761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.16761","url":null,"abstract":"Sheep mortality is a common agenda noticed in sheep farms globally. The mortality rate of newborn lambs in Kuwait ranges between 35 to 50 per cent (~43 per cent), leading to low profitability or loss to the farmer. Vaccination gives a better remedy to withstand the infections and stresses. Vaccines are available at various rates and hence the feasibility of the farmers to afford for vaccines and the subsequent profit to be earned need to be clarified for vaccinating their sheep confidently. With this objective, an investigation was conducted to cost analyze vaccinated sheep production that includes their feed, drinking water and housing values. A cost benefit analysis is an imperative activity that includes break down of total cost of each component and synthesizing to reach a value to compare with the profit gain from such activity. The total cost was calculated by vaccinating 5 groups of 30 ewes each along with the cost of feed, water and electricity for a period of 1 year to raise ewes. According to the results, a very slight difference in vaccine cost which is very nominal is recorded suggesting to vaccinate the ewes for the combined vaccine (Pasteurella + Clostridia + Pest de Petites Ruminants (PPR)) to protect for multiple diseases causing high mortality rate.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81312649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Kristianto, H. Khotimah, Ryharti A. Sholeha, Eky W. Mardianto, Hasnah C. Sani, Hardika A. Paratiwi
Diabetic ulcers usually occur in the lower extremities of diabetic patients. One in 20 diabetic patients will develop an ulcer, and 10% of those cases lead to amputation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) extract on the number of fibroblasts, granulation, blood vessel, and the rate of wound contraction in a Wistar rat model of the diabetic ulcer. This was an experimental study with post-test observations only and randomized control group design. Rats were divided into five groups: (1) negative control (KN); (2) positive control (KP); (3) P1; (4) P2; and (5) P3. Every rat was assessed for fibroblast number, granulation, blood vessel density, and wound contraction percentage. Javanese turmeric extract had a significant effect on histological parameters (fibroblast, blood vessels and tissue granulation) (p < 0.05) and wound contraction (p < 0.05). The double linear test revealed a significant relationship between fibroblasts, granulation, blood vessel quantity, and wound contraction (p < 0.05). Correlation and regression tests showed that Javanese turmeric extract explained 91% of the effects on fibroblasts, blood vessels, and granulation. Treatment with Javanese turmeric extract increased the number of fibroblasts, tissue granulation, blood vessel density and wound contraction in male diabetic Wistar rats.
{"title":"The Effects of Javanese Turmeric (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb) on Fibroblasts, Granulation, Blood Vessel Density, and Contraction in Wound Healing of STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats","authors":"H. Kristianto, H. Khotimah, Ryharti A. Sholeha, Eky W. Mardianto, Hasnah C. Sani, Hardika A. Paratiwi","doi":"10.48129/kjs.15261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.15261","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic ulcers usually occur in the lower extremities of diabetic patients. One in 20 diabetic patients will develop an ulcer, and 10% of those cases lead to amputation. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb.) extract on the number of fibroblasts, granulation, blood vessel, and the rate of wound contraction in a Wistar rat model of the diabetic ulcer. This was an experimental study with post-test observations only and randomized control group design. Rats were divided into five groups: (1) negative control (KN); (2) positive control (KP); (3) P1; (4) P2; and (5) P3. Every rat was assessed for fibroblast number, granulation, blood vessel density, and wound contraction percentage. Javanese turmeric extract had a significant effect on histological parameters (fibroblast, blood vessels and tissue granulation) (p < 0.05) and wound contraction (p < 0.05). The double linear test revealed a significant relationship between fibroblasts, granulation, blood vessel quantity, and wound contraction (p < 0.05). Correlation and regression tests showed that Javanese turmeric extract explained 91% of the effects on fibroblasts, blood vessels, and granulation. Treatment with Javanese turmeric extract increased the number of fibroblasts, tissue granulation, blood vessel density and wound contraction in male diabetic Wistar rats.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82078022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Saha, P. Biswas, K. Jha, A. Das, Rajesh Chaudhury
This work aims to study the different characteristics of Newtonian fluid flow and heat transfer througha 1:3 sudden expansion channel with or without plane baffles using the finite volume method. The flowis assumed viscous, incompressible, steady, and laminar. The different characteristics of hydro-thermalfluid flow phenomena have been studied for 𝑅𝑒 ∈ [0.1 − 200] to demonstrate the influence of thepresence of baffles. The profiles of velocity, pressure, skin friction coefficient, friction factor, averageNusselt number, and pumping power have been examined for both the cases of the presence and absenceof baffles. It has been observed that the hydro-thermal characteristics become more pronounced withthe increase in the number of baffles. In the case of three baffles of equal length, at 𝑅𝑒 = 200 it iscalculated that if the thickness of the baffles is same and equal to 10% of the length, then the value of Nu becomes approximately 1.2 times of that in the absence of baffle. For the same value of Re, ithas been found that for the presence of one baffle of length equal to the width of the inlet section of thechannel and of thickness 10% of the same, the value of 𝑁𝑢 becomes 1.11 times of that in the absenceof baffle, while in the case of three baffles of equal length and of equal thickness like the abovementioned case of one baffle, the value of 𝑁𝑢 becomes 1.25 times of that in absence of baffle. It hasalso been revealed that the enhancement of thermal phenomena increases with the increase inthe baffle’s height.
{"title":"Newtonian hydro-thermal fluid fl 1 ow phenomena through a sudden 2 expansion channel with or without baffles","authors":"S. Saha, P. Biswas, K. Jha, A. Das, Rajesh Chaudhury","doi":"10.48129/kjs.18147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48129/kjs.18147","url":null,"abstract":"This work aims to study the different characteristics of Newtonian fluid flow and heat transfer througha 1:3 sudden expansion channel with or without plane baffles using the finite volume method. The flowis assumed viscous, incompressible, steady, and laminar. The different characteristics of hydro-thermalfluid flow phenomena have been studied for 𝑅𝑒 ∈ [0.1 − 200] to demonstrate the influence of thepresence of baffles. The profiles of velocity, pressure, skin friction coefficient, friction factor, averageNusselt number, and pumping power have been examined for both the cases of the presence and absenceof baffles. It has been observed that the hydro-thermal characteristics become more pronounced withthe increase in the number of baffles. In the case of three baffles of equal length, at 𝑅𝑒 = 200 it iscalculated that if the thickness of the baffles is same and equal to 10% of the length, then the value of Nu becomes approximately 1.2 times of that in the absence of baffle. For the same value of Re, ithas been found that for the presence of one baffle of length equal to the width of the inlet section of thechannel and of thickness 10% of the same, the value of 𝑁𝑢 becomes 1.11 times of that in the absenceof baffle, while in the case of three baffles of equal length and of equal thickness like the abovementioned case of one baffle, the value of 𝑁𝑢 becomes 1.25 times of that in absence of baffle. It hasalso been revealed that the enhancement of thermal phenomena increases with the increase inthe baffle’s height.","PeriodicalId":49933,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science & Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81565062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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