Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-12-17
A. S. Peremyshlenko, A. K. Iordanishvili, N. N. Bedelov, K. A. Kerimkhanov
Relevance . Currently, many new agents have appeared on the market for users of removable dentures to improve adhesion, i.e. fixation and stabilization of dentures. It is important to evaluate the effect of such agents on the denture bed mucosa. Objective. Morphological substantiation of the effectiveness of the use of adhesive cream for fixation of prostheses Asepta Рarodontalu patients with removable dentures made of acrylic plastic. Materials and methods . The study involved 49 patients (12 men and 37 women) of elderly age (62–75 years) who suffered complete loss of teeth on both jaws. All patients were divided into 3 study groups: 1 (control) group, who had previously refused to have full removable acrylic dentures made for them; 2 (comparison) group, patients to whom removable acrylic dentures were made and who did not use any means to improvetheir fixation; 3 (main) group, patients to whom full removable acrylic dentures were made and who during the adaptation period and subsequently for a year used a domestic adhesive cream for fixation; 3 (main) group, patients to whom full removable acrylic dentures were made. In order to solve the realization of the set goal of the study, a number of clinical and histological studies with the use of immunohistochemical method were carried out, outpatient charts of dental patients were analyzed. Results . It was found that dystrophic and chronic inflammatory changes in the soft tissues of the denture bed were most pronounced in the case of using dentures without means to improve their fixation. At use of domestic adhesive cream for fixation of dentures Asepta Рarodontal the process of keratinization of the oral mucous membrane epithelium was minimal, there was no fibrosis of the own lamina of the mucous membrane, scattered infiltration was less expressed than in people not using acrylic dentures or using them without adhesive means, and was represented at the expense of lymphocytes, single neutrophilic granulocytes on the background of single leukostases. The immunohistochemical study showed that T-lymphocytes and mast cells were predominant in the preparations of group 2 patients, and they appeared in the preparations of this group of patients comparatively more than in the 1st control and 3rd main groups of the study, which confirmed the presence of the most pronounced chronic inflammatory infiltration in group 2 patients. Conclusion . The most optimal condition of the denture bed mucosa was observed in patients who used removable acrylic dentures for a year and simultaneously applied an adhesive agent for their fixation (domestic adhesive cream for denture fixation Asepta Рarodontal). It is obviously connected with the protection of the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed by the adhesive cream from the mechanical impact of a dense acrylic plastic prosthesis, as well as with the reduction of contact with food products aggressive in temperature and structure.
{"title":"Morphologic alterations in the mucosa of the denture site in patients with full removable dentures from acrylic plastics","authors":"A. S. Peremyshlenko, A. K. Iordanishvili, N. N. Bedelov, K. A. Kerimkhanov","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-12-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-12-17","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance . Currently, many new agents have appeared on the market for users of removable dentures to improve adhesion, i.e. fixation and stabilization of dentures. It is important to evaluate the effect of such agents on the denture bed mucosa. Objective. Morphological substantiation of the effectiveness of the use of adhesive cream for fixation of prostheses Asepta Рarodontalu patients with removable dentures made of acrylic plastic. Materials and methods . The study involved 49 patients (12 men and 37 women) of elderly age (62–75 years) who suffered complete loss of teeth on both jaws. All patients were divided into 3 study groups: 1 (control) group, who had previously refused to have full removable acrylic dentures made for them; 2 (comparison) group, patients to whom removable acrylic dentures were made and who did not use any means to improvetheir fixation; 3 (main) group, patients to whom full removable acrylic dentures were made and who during the adaptation period and subsequently for a year used a domestic adhesive cream for fixation; 3 (main) group, patients to whom full removable acrylic dentures were made. In order to solve the realization of the set goal of the study, a number of clinical and histological studies with the use of immunohistochemical method were carried out, outpatient charts of dental patients were analyzed. Results . It was found that dystrophic and chronic inflammatory changes in the soft tissues of the denture bed were most pronounced in the case of using dentures without means to improve their fixation. At use of domestic adhesive cream for fixation of dentures Asepta Рarodontal the process of keratinization of the oral mucous membrane epithelium was minimal, there was no fibrosis of the own lamina of the mucous membrane, scattered infiltration was less expressed than in people not using acrylic dentures or using them without adhesive means, and was represented at the expense of lymphocytes, single neutrophilic granulocytes on the background of single leukostases. The immunohistochemical study showed that T-lymphocytes and mast cells were predominant in the preparations of group 2 patients, and they appeared in the preparations of this group of patients comparatively more than in the 1st control and 3rd main groups of the study, which confirmed the presence of the most pronounced chronic inflammatory infiltration in group 2 patients. Conclusion . The most optimal condition of the denture bed mucosa was observed in patients who used removable acrylic dentures for a year and simultaneously applied an adhesive agent for their fixation (domestic adhesive cream for denture fixation Asepta Рarodontal). It is obviously connected with the protection of the mucous membrane of the prosthetic bed by the adhesive cream from the mechanical impact of a dense acrylic plastic prosthesis, as well as with the reduction of contact with food products aggressive in temperature and structure.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"23 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135679335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-30-34
D. T. Taimazova, M. Z. Choniashvili, V. M. Avanisyan, U. B. Edisherashvili, E. M. Jafarov
Introduction. The emergence of new antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms, the widespread spread of viral and fungal diseases, as well as the growing allergisation of the population have generated interest in bacterial preparations – probiotics, which include living microorganisms – representatives, as a rule, of the obligate human microflora, which, when ingested in sufficient quantities, enter the body, retain their activity and viability, have a positive effect on the patient’s health. The purpose of the study was to review the literature on this topic, to determine the concepts of the use of probiotics in dentistry, as well as to identify promising directions in the development of methods of therapy of periodontal diseases with their use. Materials and methods. When studying this issue, scientific sources indexed in the Higher Attestation Commission, Scopus and Web of Sciences were analyzed. Results. Probiotics are a recognized therapeutic adjunct for various generalized and systemic diseases of the oral cavity. Their role in the prevention and treatment of dental caries, as well as its complications, is a direction that has been studied quite fully in the last two decades. The evidence for this is reflected in many randomized control studies. To test various probiotic combinations, it is necessary to conduct multicenter studies so that patients can take advantage of the entire therapeutic spectrum of new drugs based on probiotics and synbiotics.
介绍。新的耐抗生素的微生物菌株的出现，病毒和真菌疾病的广泛传播，以及人口日益增长的过敏症，引起了人们对细菌制剂的兴趣——益生菌，其中包括活的微生物——通常是专门的人类微生物群的代表，当摄入足够数量时，进入人体，保持其活性和活力，对病人的健康有积极的影响。本研究的目的是回顾有关该主题的文献，确定益生菌在牙科中的应用概念，并确定利用益生菌治疗牙周病方法的发展方向。材料和方法。在研究这一问题时，我们分析了高等认证委员会、Scopus和Web of Sciences收录的科学资源。结果。益生菌是公认的治疗辅助各种广泛性和全身性口腔疾病。它们在预防和治疗龋齿及其并发症方面的作用，是近二十年来研究得相当充分的一个方向。这方面的证据反映在许多随机对照研究中。为了测试各种益生菌组合，有必要进行多中心研究，使患者能够利用基于益生菌和合成菌的新药的整个治疗谱。
{"title":"Probiotics – a new panacea for periodontal diseases?! Literature review","authors":"D. T. Taimazova, M. Z. Choniashvili, V. M. Avanisyan, U. B. Edisherashvili, E. M. Jafarov","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-30-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-30-34","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The emergence of new antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms, the widespread spread of viral and fungal diseases, as well as the growing allergisation of the population have generated interest in bacterial preparations – probiotics, which include living microorganisms – representatives, as a rule, of the obligate human microflora, which, when ingested in sufficient quantities, enter the body, retain their activity and viability, have a positive effect on the patient’s health. The purpose of the study was to review the literature on this topic, to determine the concepts of the use of probiotics in dentistry, as well as to identify promising directions in the development of methods of therapy of periodontal diseases with their use. Materials and methods. When studying this issue, scientific sources indexed in the Higher Attestation Commission, Scopus and Web of Sciences were analyzed. Results. Probiotics are a recognized therapeutic adjunct for various generalized and systemic diseases of the oral cavity. Their role in the prevention and treatment of dental caries, as well as its complications, is a direction that has been studied quite fully in the last two decades. The evidence for this is reflected in many randomized control studies. To test various probiotic combinations, it is necessary to conduct multicenter studies so that patients can take advantage of the entire therapeutic spectrum of new drugs based on probiotics and synbiotics.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135679334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-19-29
S. V. Orlova, S. K. Zyryanov, E. A. Nikitina, Yu. O. Tigay, A. A. Orlova, G. A. Grabovsky
Melatonin is an indoleamine that is secreted not only in the pineal gland, but also in other organs, in particular the salivary glands. Numerous studies show that melatonin levels in the saliva and serum of patients suffering from periodontal disease are reduced, suggesting that it may play an important role in protecting tissues from damage caused by oxidative stress. Melatonin helps regulate the immune response and prevents periodontal tissue damage. The inclusion of melatonin in the periodontal disease treatment regimen increases its effectiveness. Further research is needed to determine the optimal forms and dosing regimens for melatonin.
{"title":"Potential Use of Melatonin in Periodontal Disease","authors":"S. V. Orlova, S. K. Zyryanov, E. A. Nikitina, Yu. O. Tigay, A. A. Orlova, G. A. Grabovsky","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-19-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-19-29","url":null,"abstract":"Melatonin is an indoleamine that is secreted not only in the pineal gland, but also in other organs, in particular the salivary glands. Numerous studies show that melatonin levels in the saliva and serum of patients suffering from periodontal disease are reduced, suggesting that it may play an important role in protecting tissues from damage caused by oxidative stress. Melatonin helps regulate the immune response and prevents periodontal tissue damage. The inclusion of melatonin in the periodontal disease treatment regimen increases its effectiveness. Further research is needed to determine the optimal forms and dosing regimens for melatonin.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"23 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135679336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-7-10
E. V. Brusnitsyna, E. S. Ioschenko, I. V. Gavrilov, T. V. Zakirov, L. A. Kaminskaya, N. V. Ozhgikhina, E. S. Bimbas
The article presents the results of a single-center open clinical trial of the use of the remineralizing gel «PRESIDENT Minerals gel 0+». The effectiveness of the drug in children in the period of mixed dentition with a compensated form of caries was studied. Materials and methods . The study involved 19 children, mean age 8,3 years. The duration of the study is 1 month.Clinical indices and laboratory parameters were determined: DMF+df, OHI-S, PMA, the degree of enamel electrometry, calcium, glucose, total protein and antioxidant activity of saliva (AOA). Organoleptic properties were determined on a 5-point scale. Results . After one month of using the remineralizing gel, a decrease in the hygiene index by 23,27%, a decrease in the electrometric evaluation of enamel by 15,58% were revealed. In saliva, a decrease in the level of protein by 33,13% and an increase in the content of calcium by 53,33% were revealed. The organoleptic properties of the gel were evaluated on a five-point scale at 4,31±0,22 points. Conclusion . «PRESIDENT 0+ Minerals gel» with calcium lactate and hydroxyapatite has a remineralizing effect, good organoleptic properties and can be recommended for caries prevention in children.
{"title":"Remineralizing gel with calcium lactate for the prevention of caries in children","authors":"E. V. Brusnitsyna, E. S. Ioschenko, I. V. Gavrilov, T. V. Zakirov, L. A. Kaminskaya, N. V. Ozhgikhina, E. S. Bimbas","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-7-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-20-7-10","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a single-center open clinical trial of the use of the remineralizing gel «PRESIDENT Minerals gel 0+». The effectiveness of the drug in children in the period of mixed dentition with a compensated form of caries was studied. Materials and methods . The study involved 19 children, mean age 8,3 years. The duration of the study is 1 month.Clinical indices and laboratory parameters were determined: DMF+df, OHI-S, PMA, the degree of enamel electrometry, calcium, glucose, total protein and antioxidant activity of saliva (AOA). Organoleptic properties were determined on a 5-point scale. Results . After one month of using the remineralizing gel, a decrease in the hygiene index by 23,27%, a decrease in the electrometric evaluation of enamel by 15,58% were revealed. In saliva, a decrease in the level of protein by 33,13% and an increase in the content of calcium by 53,33% were revealed. The organoleptic properties of the gel were evaluated on a five-point scale at 4,31±0,22 points. Conclusion . «PRESIDENT 0+ Minerals gel» with calcium lactate and hydroxyapatite has a remineralizing effect, good organoleptic properties and can be recommended for caries prevention in children.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"22 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135679341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.33667/2078-5631-2023-21-14-22
A. N. Akavov, E. A. Korabel'nikova, M. L. Baranov
Aim . To study the effect of insomnia on the severity of the condition and on the quality of life in patients with disabilities. Materials and methods . A prospective cohort study was conducted from 2019 to 2022, in which 100 patients took part. Patients with acute cerebrovascular accident (ACV) were selected as a clinical model of persons with disabilities. Two groups were formed from the total number of patients included in the study. 50 patients with acute cerebrovascular accident and suffering from insomnia constituted the main group, which was divided into 2 subgroups by a simple choice according to the random sampling rule in the Statistica 12 program. MG1 – the main subgroup 1–26 people who received, as part of complex therapy, a course of short-term (five sessions) cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia in combination with doxylamine at a dose of 15 mg 15–30 minutes before bedtime for 10 days. The second subgroup of the main group of patients (MG2) – 24 people who received only standard treatment. The comparison group (GS) (50 people) and a part (48 %) of the patients of the main group (24 people) also received only standard treatment for the underlying disease. All patients were assessed using the SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Perrudet-Badoux, Mendelsohn, Chiche Subjective Wellbeing Scale (PSS), sleep quality questionnaires (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire and the Insomnia Severity Scale). Results and conclusions . Against the background of the treatment in the main group 1, there was a reduction in insomnia, as well as an improvement in the quality of life on all scales of the quality of life questionnaire and more pronounced than in the comparison group and the main group 2. Thus, the correction of insomnia in addition to the basic therapy of post-stroke patients with limited opportunities allows you to achieve a more significant result of treatment than the use of only basic therapy for patients.
{"title":"Impact of insomnia and its correction on quality of life of persons with disabilities","authors":"A. N. Akavov, E. A. Korabel'nikova, M. L. Baranov","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-21-14-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-21-14-22","url":null,"abstract":"Aim . To study the effect of insomnia on the severity of the condition and on the quality of life in patients with disabilities. Materials and methods . A prospective cohort study was conducted from 2019 to 2022, in which 100 patients took part. Patients with acute cerebrovascular accident (ACV) were selected as a clinical model of persons with disabilities. Two groups were formed from the total number of patients included in the study. 50 patients with acute cerebrovascular accident and suffering from insomnia constituted the main group, which was divided into 2 subgroups by a simple choice according to the random sampling rule in the Statistica 12 program. MG1 – the main subgroup 1–26 people who received, as part of complex therapy, a course of short-term (five sessions) cognitive-behavioral therapy for insomnia in combination with doxylamine at a dose of 15 mg 15–30 minutes before bedtime for 10 days. The second subgroup of the main group of patients (MG2) – 24 people who received only standard treatment. The comparison group (GS) (50 people) and a part (48 %) of the patients of the main group (24 people) also received only standard treatment for the underlying disease. All patients were assessed using the SF-36 Quality of Life Questionnaire, the Perrudet-Badoux, Mendelsohn, Chiche Subjective Wellbeing Scale (PSS), sleep quality questionnaires (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire and the Insomnia Severity Scale). Results and conclusions . Against the background of the treatment in the main group 1, there was a reduction in insomnia, as well as an improvement in the quality of life on all scales of the quality of life questionnaire and more pronounced than in the comparison group and the main group 2. Thus, the correction of insomnia in addition to the basic therapy of post-stroke patients with limited opportunities allows you to achieve a more significant result of treatment than the use of only basic therapy for patients.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"42 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135681284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.33667/2078-5631-2023-21-23-29
S. A. Makarov, A. L. Guseva
The article describes vertigo diagnostic algorithm. Acute, paroxysmal, and chronic vestibular syndromes determination, attacks duration assessment, provoking factors and comorbid diseases are described. The otoneurologic examination main tests and their interpretation in assessing of spontaneous nystagmus, the results of stato-coordination tests, the head rotation test and positional tests are presented. Diagnostic criteria and basic approach to the most common disorders manifested by vertigo treatment are discussed, including benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, vestibular neuronitis, Meniere's disease, vestibular migraine, persistent postural-perceptual vertigo, bilateral vestibulopathy and others.
{"title":"Diagnosis and treatment of dizziness and vertigo in clinical practice","authors":"S. A. Makarov, A. L. Guseva","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-21-23-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-21-23-29","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes vertigo diagnostic algorithm. Acute, paroxysmal, and chronic vestibular syndromes determination, attacks duration assessment, provoking factors and comorbid diseases are described. The otoneurologic examination main tests and their interpretation in assessing of spontaneous nystagmus, the results of stato-coordination tests, the head rotation test and positional tests are presented. Diagnostic criteria and basic approach to the most common disorders manifested by vertigo treatment are discussed, including benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, vestibular neuronitis, Meniere's disease, vestibular migraine, persistent postural-perceptual vertigo, bilateral vestibulopathy and others.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"21 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135684822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-05DOI: 10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-44-48
S. A. Gasparyan, I. A. Orfanova, S. M. Akhmedova, I. A. Vasilenko
Relevance . Placental insufficiency is a polycausal syndrome characterized by a violation of the molecular, cellular, tissue and organ adaptivehomeostatic reactions of the fetoplacental system. The active participation of the neutrophil component of the innate immune system in the development of endothelial dysfunction and thrombotic disorders, which underlie many complications of pregnancy, has been proven, which served as the reason for conducting exploratory studies to assess the level of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in pregnant women at different stages of gestation. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in pregnant women with normal pregnancy and placental insufficiency associated with thrombophilia Material and methods . 85 pregnant women in the second and third trimester were examined: 40 women with normal pregnancy (comparison group) and 45 (main group) with thrombophilia (protein S/protein C deficiency) and subcompensated placental insufficiency. The level of NVL was assessed in blood smears according to the monolayer type using an automatic microscopic system MECOS-C 2. Results . It was found that the level of DNA traps in normal pregnancy and in pregnant women with placental insufficiency at 21–24 weeks of gestation was 1.3 and almost 2 times higher than the level outside pregnancy (p <0.05), with a predominance of phase IIa etosis. By 36–37 weeks, in a normal pregnancy, there was a slight increase in%NVL (16 %), while in the group of pregnant women with placental insufficiency,%NVL increased by 35.7 % compared to the initial data, maintaining a high content of extracellular structures in IIa phase of ethotic transformation (7.4 % versus 5.8 % at 21–24 weeks, p >0.05). Conclusion . It is obvious that the presence of a high level of NIV indicates a failure of immune defense mechanisms and the development of an inadequate inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of fetoplacental insufficiency, which can be useful when carrying out intermediate dynamic monitoring of the condition of a pregnant woman.
{"title":"New aspects of the pathogenesis of placental insufficiency","authors":"S. A. Gasparyan, I. A. Orfanova, S. M. Akhmedova, I. A. Vasilenko","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-44-48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-44-48","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance . Placental insufficiency is a polycausal syndrome characterized by a violation of the molecular, cellular, tissue and organ adaptivehomeostatic reactions of the fetoplacental system. The active participation of the neutrophil component of the innate immune system in the development of endothelial dysfunction and thrombotic disorders, which underlie many complications of pregnancy, has been proven, which served as the reason for conducting exploratory studies to assess the level of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in pregnant women at different stages of gestation. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps in pregnant women with normal pregnancy and placental insufficiency associated with thrombophilia Material and methods . 85 pregnant women in the second and third trimester were examined: 40 women with normal pregnancy (comparison group) and 45 (main group) with thrombophilia (protein S/protein C deficiency) and subcompensated placental insufficiency. The level of NVL was assessed in blood smears according to the monolayer type using an automatic microscopic system MECOS-C 2. Results . It was found that the level of DNA traps in normal pregnancy and in pregnant women with placental insufficiency at 21–24 weeks of gestation was 1.3 and almost 2 times higher than the level outside pregnancy (p <0.05), with a predominance of phase IIa etosis. By 36–37 weeks, in a normal pregnancy, there was a slight increase in%NVL (16 %), while in the group of pregnant women with placental insufficiency,%NVL increased by 35.7 % compared to the initial data, maintaining a high content of extracellular structures in IIa phase of ethotic transformation (7.4 % versus 5.8 % at 21–24 weeks, p >0.05). Conclusion . It is obvious that the presence of a high level of NIV indicates a failure of immune defense mechanisms and the development of an inadequate inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of fetoplacental insufficiency, which can be useful when carrying out intermediate dynamic monitoring of the condition of a pregnant woman.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"31 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135725748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-05DOI: 10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-16-22
M. R. Orazov, V. E. Radzinsky, E. D. Dolgov
Endometriosis remains one of the most mysterious and controversial diseases in modern gynecology. Contemporary statistical data demonstrate the extreme relevance of actively implementing effective therapeutic approaches into the clinician’s everyday practice. However, a significant challenge associated with endometriosis is the pain syndrome. The question of so-called atypical algological manifestations of endometriosis, which previously seemed unrelated to the pathogenesis of the primary disease, is increasingly raised. In this regard, the aim of this article was to propose a three-level pathogenetic concept capable of linking the primary manifestation of endometriosis (pelvic pain) with other often distant algological patterns, as well as to create an algorithm for managing these patients based on their pathogenetic staging.
{"title":"‘Algological bonds of endometriosis’. Features of clinical management of patients with typical and atypical symptoms of endometriosis","authors":"M. R. Orazov, V. E. Radzinsky, E. D. Dolgov","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-16-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-16-22","url":null,"abstract":"Endometriosis remains one of the most mysterious and controversial diseases in modern gynecology. Contemporary statistical data demonstrate the extreme relevance of actively implementing effective therapeutic approaches into the clinician’s everyday practice. However, a significant challenge associated with endometriosis is the pain syndrome. The question of so-called atypical algological manifestations of endometriosis, which previously seemed unrelated to the pathogenesis of the primary disease, is increasingly raised. In this regard, the aim of this article was to propose a three-level pathogenetic concept capable of linking the primary manifestation of endometriosis (pelvic pain) with other often distant algological patterns, as well as to create an algorithm for managing these patients based on their pathogenetic staging.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"32 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135725863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-05DOI: 10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-34-38
I. N. Medvedevа, A. B. Khuraseva, K. S. Svyatchenko, E. N. Strelnikova
Relevance . The manifestation of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in adolescence differs significantly from that in adult women and is often hidden under the mask of physiological changes of puberty, which leads to late diagnosis of this disease. However, there is currently there is no convincing and reliable evidence on the advisability of using a number of medications for the treatment of this syndrome in adolescent girls. From this perspective, the first-line therapy inpuberty, with emerging PCOS, is lifestyle modification. Aim : to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic lifestyle modification (LSM) and micronutrient support in adolescent girls with PCOS. Materials and Methods . Forty female patients aged 16 to 18 years with a diagnosis of emerging PCOS were included in a prospective study. The patients were divided into 2 groups of 20 subjects each. The 1st group (the main one) – the patients who were recommended to modify their lifestyle in combination with micronutrients (inositol, folic acid, vitamin D, polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega‑3 family); the 2nd group (the control group) – the girls who were recommended to modify their lifestyle to correct the symptoms of PCOS. The patients’ state was evaluated at the start of treatment, after 3 and 6 months. Results . The best results were seen in Group 1 (LSM +micronutrients) – a statistically significant effect of combined therapy on the metabolic status was found: a decrease in fasting glucose and insulin levels, lower cholesterol levels, normalization of the body mass index; on the hormonal background: a decrease in androstenedione levels, total testosterone, normalization of the LH/FSH ratio, a decrease in the clinical manifestations of hyperandrogenism; on menstrual cycle recovery with spontaneous ovulation. Conclusion . The use of micronutrient support, along with LSM, is an effective means of correcting the clinical manifestations of developing PCOS in adolescent girls, as well as the prevention of the negative effects of the disease.
{"title":"Therapeutic and preventive measures in adolescent girls with emerging polycystic ovary syndrome","authors":"I. N. Medvedevа, A. B. Khuraseva, K. S. Svyatchenko, E. N. Strelnikova","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-34-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-34-38","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance . The manifestation of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) in adolescence differs significantly from that in adult women and is often hidden under the mask of physiological changes of puberty, which leads to late diagnosis of this disease. However, there is currently there is no convincing and reliable evidence on the advisability of using a number of medications for the treatment of this syndrome in adolescent girls. From this perspective, the first-line therapy inpuberty, with emerging PCOS, is lifestyle modification. Aim : to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic lifestyle modification (LSM) and micronutrient support in adolescent girls with PCOS. Materials and Methods . Forty female patients aged 16 to 18 years with a diagnosis of emerging PCOS were included in a prospective study. The patients were divided into 2 groups of 20 subjects each. The 1st group (the main one) – the patients who were recommended to modify their lifestyle in combination with micronutrients (inositol, folic acid, vitamin D, polyunsaturated fatty acids of the omega‑3 family); the 2nd group (the control group) – the girls who were recommended to modify their lifestyle to correct the symptoms of PCOS. The patients’ state was evaluated at the start of treatment, after 3 and 6 months. Results . The best results were seen in Group 1 (LSM +micronutrients) – a statistically significant effect of combined therapy on the metabolic status was found: a decrease in fasting glucose and insulin levels, lower cholesterol levels, normalization of the body mass index; on the hormonal background: a decrease in androstenedione levels, total testosterone, normalization of the LH/FSH ratio, a decrease in the clinical manifestations of hyperandrogenism; on menstrual cycle recovery with spontaneous ovulation. Conclusion . The use of micronutrient support, along with LSM, is an effective means of correcting the clinical manifestations of developing PCOS in adolescent girls, as well as the prevention of the negative effects of the disease.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"31 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135725868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-05DOI: 10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-23-32
L. Yu. Karakhalis, A. A. Khalafyan, G. A. Penzhoyan
From the variety of modern methods of hormonal contraception available in the arsenal of the obstetrician-gynecologist, preference is given to those that include gestagen, which not only reduces the clinical manifestations of androgenous dermopathy, but also increases sexual function, at least not affecting it negatively. Such combined oral contraceptives include Belara, containing chlormadinone acetate 2mg, and ethinyl oestradiol 0.03mg. The choice of this drug is justified by previous studies, which evaluated its safety and ability to stop androgenous dermopathy. At the same time, the impact on sexual function was not taken into account in these studies. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of combined oral contraceptive containing chlormadinone acetate 2mg, and ethinyl oestradiol 0.03mg on sexual function. Material and methods . There were examined 68 patients who were prescribed a combined oral contraceptive containing chlormadinone acetate 2mg, and ethinyl oestradiol 0.03mg (Belara) – one tablet for 21 days daily, followed by a seven-day break. The female sexual function index (FSFI) was investigated in dynamics. Statistical data processing was carried out by STATISTICA 13.3 (Tibco, USA). Results . There were registered the positive effects on sexual health, which consisted in improving all indicators of female sexual function index. Conclusion . The combined oral contraceptive containing chlormadinone acetate 2mg, and ethinyl oestradiol 0.03mg may be recommended to patients with reduced sexual function as a drug of choice, as well as when reducing sexual function on the taking other contraceptives.
{"title":"Effect of the combination of ethinyl oestradiol and chlormadinon acetate on sexuality","authors":"L. Yu. Karakhalis, A. A. Khalafyan, G. A. Penzhoyan","doi":"10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-23-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-19-23-32","url":null,"abstract":"From the variety of modern methods of hormonal contraception available in the arsenal of the obstetrician-gynecologist, preference is given to those that include gestagen, which not only reduces the clinical manifestations of androgenous dermopathy, but also increases sexual function, at least not affecting it negatively. Such combined oral contraceptives include Belara, containing chlormadinone acetate 2mg, and ethinyl oestradiol 0.03mg. The choice of this drug is justified by previous studies, which evaluated its safety and ability to stop androgenous dermopathy. At the same time, the impact on sexual function was not taken into account in these studies. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of combined oral contraceptive containing chlormadinone acetate 2mg, and ethinyl oestradiol 0.03mg on sexual function. Material and methods . There were examined 68 patients who were prescribed a combined oral contraceptive containing chlormadinone acetate 2mg, and ethinyl oestradiol 0.03mg (Belara) – one tablet for 21 days daily, followed by a seven-day break. The female sexual function index (FSFI) was investigated in dynamics. Statistical data processing was carried out by STATISTICA 13.3 (Tibco, USA). Results . There were registered the positive effects on sexual health, which consisted in improving all indicators of female sexual function index. Conclusion . The combined oral contraceptive containing chlormadinone acetate 2mg, and ethinyl oestradiol 0.03mg may be recommended to patients with reduced sexual function as a drug of choice, as well as when reducing sexual function on the taking other contraceptives.","PeriodicalId":499576,"journal":{"name":"Medicinskij alfavit","volume":"31 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135725869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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