Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing最新文献

Introduction: Caring for a family member with mental disorders is burdensome, which may not only damage the caregivers' well-being and health, but also hinder patients' recovery. It is critical to investigate the underlying mechanisms for caregiver burden.

Aim: To examine the mediating effect of illness perception and the moderating function of social support on the association between care tasks and caregiver burden.

Method: A total of 1169 family caregivers of patients with mental disorders were recruited via convenience sampling across China. Data were collected using acceptable reliability scales (Cronbach's α > 0.6). The relationships among care tasks, illness perception, social support and caregiver burden were examined in the SPSS PROCESS macro.

Results: Illness perception partially mediates the relationship between care tasks and overall caregiver burden, personal strain and role strain, while social support only alleviates the impact of care tasks on personal strain but not on role strain.

Discussion: Care tasks could positively predict caregiver burden. As a mediating moderating mechanism, illness perception and social support could further explain how care tasks affect caregiver burden.

Implications for practice: Psychiatric nurses should provide psychoeducation for family caregivers of patients with mental illness to improve their negative illness perception, as well as increase their social support.

Background: Advance directives in mental health services aim to reduce coercion, enhance adherence, and prevent violence by giving patients a voice during relapses. However, their use is limited due to diverse stakeholder perspectives and insufficient familiarity.

Objectives: To explore stakeholders' perspectives on advance directives in Icelandic mental health services, focusing on potential benefits and implementation challenges.

Methods: Data were gathered via focus groups with purposively sampled mental health service users and providers. Using a multiple category design allowed for constant comparative and interpretive analysis of data collected from these two groups.

Results: The study involved 19 individuals divided into four focus groups, with service users comprising one group (n = 4) and service providers comprising three groups (n = 15). Participants had limited familiarity with advance directives and had not used them. While both service users and providers viewed advance directives favourably, significant differences emerged: users valued the opportunity for self-expression and autonomy, whereas providers, though supportive of user empowerment, struggled with relinquishing control in the therapeutic relationship, thereby preserving power imbalances.

Conclusions: Implementing advance directives in mental healthcare requires in-depth dialogue to align stakeholder expectations. A strategy should focus on education, stakeholder engagement, and co-created interventions to reconcile diverse perspectives.

Introduction: While the recovery approach is gaining recognition in non-Western countries, it remains underexplored in Southeast Asia. This study addressed this gap by examining how health professionals and students conceptualised recovery, providing insights for enhancing mental health practices.

Aim: To synthesise how health professionals and students in Southeast Asian countries understand mental health recovery.

Methods: A search across CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and the Web of Science identified ten qualitative studies (2006-2024). Data extraction, quality appraisal, and synthesis were conducted following the JBI methodology.

Results: The findings highlighted a medically driven and determined return to normal functioning for individuals living with mental illness. This was classified into six categories: return to being a 'normal person', symptom-free status, medication adherence, access to mental health services, living with residual symptoms, and holistic care with a psychosocial focus.

Discussion: Medical-oriented practices have dominated mental health care, creating a power imbalance. Training, education, culture, socioeconomic status, and stigma have shaped the understanding of recovery.

Implications for practice and recommendations: Shared decision-making and formal training prioritising lived experiences are vital to reducing power imbalances. A shift towards recovery-oriented approaches is critically needed to enhance mental health practices in Southeast Asia.

Introduction: Stigma is a major driver of harms associated with substance use and can interfere with the provision of high-quality, effective healthcare for people who use drugs. Our study aimed to explore the relationship between mental health clinicians' comfort in providing substance use care and their attitudes towards substance use.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the Brief Substance Abuse Attitudes Survey was administered among a convenience sample of mental health clinicians [N = 71] working in an acute care setting in Vancouver, Canada. One-way ANOVA and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to examine the association between three levels of comfort and five predefined attitude subgroups. STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies was used.

Results: Level of comfort was significantly associated with attitudes towards substance use across three subscales: permissiveness, nonstereotyping and treatment optimism. In pairwise comparisons, the neutral group held significantly less permissive attitudes when compared to the comfortable group. However, the neutral group held more stereotypical views and less optimism about treatment outcomes, when compared to the comfortable and uncomfortable groups, respectively.

Discussion and conclusions: Our findings highlight that mental health clinicians who are undecided or neutral about their comfort in providing substance use care are more likely to have negative views towards people with substance use disorders. Future work should explore, implement and evaluate education and training to reduce substance use disorder-related stigma among mental health clinicians and other health professionals.

Introduction: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is considered a cathartic approach to reducing negative emotions; repeated occurrences increase the risk of suicide. Applying an information-knowledge-attitude-practice (IKAP) model might help patients establish effective and sustainable ways to express negative emotions and cope with difficulties, reducing NSSI.

Aim: We explored an IKAP-based intervention on NSSI among adolescents and young adult patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: A total of 120 adolescent and young adult patients with MDD who reported NSSI were recruited from January to December 2021. Using stratified randomisation, the participants were randomly divided into a balanced control group (usual treatment) and intervention group (IKAP intervention). The Cognitive Emotion Scale, NSSI, and handling of dangerous items were assessed pre- and post-intervention.

Results: Post-intervention, the intervention group had significantly lower NSSI, were more likely to give up dangerous items, and indicated better cognitive-emotional regulation than the control group (all p < 0.05).

Discussion: The IKAP model significantly improved NSSI-related outcomes.

Implication for practice: The IKAP model could improve patients' cognitive-emotional regulation more than traditional health education, enabling patients to participate more actively in disease management, learn problem-solving skills, reduce negative emotions, actively cooperate with ward safety management practices, and reduce NSSI.

Trial registration: ChiCTR registration number: ChiCTR2100050317.

Introduction: As little clarity exists regarding the roles of academically qualified nurses in Germany it is not certain that nurses who call themselves "nursing experts" actually perform the tasks of a nursing expert or APN. An important aspect of the present "Study on the situation of academically qualified nurses in psychiatric care contexts in Germany" (AkaPP study) was therefore to identify profiles or clusters based on the tasks and activities performed by academically qualified psychiatric nurses in Germany.

Aim: To identify possible clusters of academically qualified psychiatric nurses working in direct care practice, nursing development or nursing research positions in relation to their self-described tasks and activities.

Method: Data were collected via an online survey between August and November 2020. The target group of the study was academically qualified nurses in Germany working in a psychiatric-psychosocial healthcare institution. The group of interest for the analysis was the subgroup of nurses in a "direct care and scientific nursing role" (academically qualified nurses working in direct patient care, nursing development or nursing research positions; n = 105 valid cases). A hierarchical cluster analysis was carried out using the Ward method on the basis of the tasks and activities described by the participants in the questionnaire. The identified clusters were described in terms of descriptive statistics against the background of previously defined content characteristics and compared for noticeable differences. Reporting was performed according to the STROBE checklist.

Results: Cluster analysis revealed the following seven clusters of academically prepared nurses: (1) Practice Development and Consultative Expertise, (2) Basic Nursing Practice, (3) Advanced Practice Development and Nursing Research, (4) Specialised and Expanded Psychiatric Nursing Practice, (5) Basic Psychiatric Nursing Practice, (6) Direct Patient Care and Basic Practice Development and (7) Advanced Psychiatric Nursing Practice.

Discussion and implications for practice: The clusters identified provide a nuanced understanding of the roles of graduate psychiatric nurses in Germany. This insight helps to tailor staffing structures and training programs to the needs of psychiatric care settings. By delineating distinct role profiles, healthcare institutions and policymakers can optimise resource allocation, enhance interdisciplinary collaboration and ultimately improve patient outcomes. This research provides guidance for refining clinical practice models and promoting professional development in psychiatric nursing contexts.

Introduction: Suicide is a leading cause of death worldwide. Following a suicide attempt, many patients receive suicide follow-up interventions (SFI) from outpatient mental health care services, where outpatient mental health nurses play a crucial role. There is an urgent need to raise awareness of improvements and opportunities for development in this aspect of care to gain insights into potential areas for improvement and opportunities for development.

Aim: To investigate outpatient mental health nurses' experiences of SFI.

Method: A qualitative interview study was conducted with 10 outpatient mental health nurses. Conventional content analysis was used to analyse the data.

Results: Three categories emerged: connecting with and understanding suicidal patients, being dependent on adequate conditions for SFI, and feeling competent but vulnerable in SFI.

Discussion: Providing structured training for nurses to address patients with particularly challenging conditions is vital, as SFI entails complex and challenging situations. Training that incorporates proven methods from other interventions, involving the expertise of those with lived experience, employers, and academics, can offer significant advantages. Promoting increased collaboration can enhance the safety of assessments.

Implications for practice: Team-based SFI can enhance suicide follow-up intervention services in psychiatric outpatient care.

Introduction and aim: This study aimed to assess the relationship between treatment adherence, internalised stigma, recovery and the mediating effect of internalised stigma on these relations in individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia.

Method: This study was conducted using a cross-sectional design. A purposive sample of 107 individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia receiving psychiatric outpatient care at outpatient clinics and community mental health services (CMHC) affiliated with SBU Van research and education hospital was recruited for this study. The data were collected by the following tools: sociodemographic data questionnaire, the internalised stigma in mental illnesses scale, the medication adherence rating scale and recovery assessment scale.

Results: The study participants reported low levels of treatment adherence, high levels of internalised stigma and moderate levels of recovery. Furthermore, we found a weak negative correlation between internalised stigma and treatment adherence. There was a moderate negative correlation between internalised stigma and recovery. Additionally, it was found that internalised stigma has fully mediating effect on the relation between treatment adherence and recovery.

Implications for practice: The results of this study can guide mental health nurses in developing tailored interventions and support programmes to improve this population's treatment adherence, recovery and overall mental health outcomes.

Quantitative data quality assurance is the systematic process and procedures used to ensure the accuracy, consistency, reliability, and integrity of data throughout the research process. Effective quality assurance helps identify and correct errors, reduce biases, and ensure the data meets the standards needed for analysis and reporting. This paper provides an overview of key issues to consider when working with data and reporting findings.