Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing最新文献

Introduction: Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are among the key vulnerability factors explaining the development and persistence of symptoms in borderline personality disorder (BPD). Furthermore, it was suggested that EMSs might impact recovery-related outcomes, including psychological and recovery capital, among individuals with BPD.

Aims: To investigate the relationship among EMSs, psychological and recovery capital in individuals with BPD disorder.

Method: A descriptive correlational research design was conducted in Minya Outpatients' Psychiatric Hospital Clinic, using the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-S2), Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) and Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS) to collect data from 200 individuals with BPD.

Result: The findings suggest that EMSs significantly correlated with the total psychological and recovery capital scores (0.119, 0.024 and -0.025, 0.05). Moreover, linear regression analyses exhibit that EMSs, regarding social isolation failure and vulnerability to harm, are significant negative predictors of recovery capital (t = -2.760, p = 0.006 and t = -3.919, p < 0.001, respectively).

Implication: The complex interplay between EMSs and recovery-related outcomes provides valuable insights for planning and implementing structured psychotherapeutic interventions based on specific schema patterns. Our existing findings can also serve as a valuable reference for mental health nursing in clinical practice by enhancing their understanding of the underlying causes of maladaptive behaviours commonly seen in BPD, allowing them to tailor patient-centred care interventions and thereby reduce the risk of relapse.

Introduction: Studies on mental health applications among college students lack empirical evidence regarding mobile application usage's intensity, duration and frequency.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of a cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT)-based mobile application in ameliorating depressive symptoms among college students.

Methods: A randomised controlled trial was conducted at three universities. Undergraduates aged ≥ 20 years with self-reported depressive symptoms were recruited and randomly assigned to the control and intervention groups. The outcomes include changes in depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, help-seeking attitudes and emotional self-awareness at 4 (T1), 8 (T2) and 12 (T3) weeks. An intention-to-treat analysis was conducted.

Results: Of the 91 participants, 46 in the intervention group exhibited a significant decline in depressive symptoms at T1 and lower patterns of symptom changes at T2 and T3. No significant differences were observed in the other outcomes; however, higher help-seeking attitude, emotional self-awareness and lower suicidal ideation after T0 were observed for those who used the application for 12 weeks.

Discussion: The advantages of a brief application-based intervention to promote college students' psychological health are outlined.

Implications: School nursing managers could use the application to improve the college mental health systems and support collegial teacher-student relationships.

Recommendations: Further studies should enhance application usage to manage depressive symptoms.

Trial registration: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the National Taiwan University Hospital (No. 202108098RINB, Date of approval: Oct 27, 2021) and the National Institutes of Health (No. NCT05188950).

Introduction: People with serious psychiatric disorders requiring long-term care and treatment are known to have higher rates of various physical diseases and early mortality.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate health perceptions and risk of metabolic syndrome and diabetes in patients with psychiatric disorders.

Method: Data were collected from a group of 228 patients using the Health Perception Scale, the Metabolic Syndrome Assessment Form and the American Diabetes Association Diabetes Risk Test.

Results: The patients had moderately positive health perceptions, 51.3% had moderate risk, 10.1% had high risk of metabolic syndrome, 27.6% were at risk for diabetes. Low health self-awareness was associated with higher diabetes and metabolic syndrome risk, and diabetes risk was also positively associated with metabolic syndrome risk.

Discussion: The interrelatedness of health perceptions, diabetes risk and metabolic syndrome risk suggests the need for educational interventions focused on increasing awareness of self-care, nutrition, exercise and disease- and health-related issues specific to these patients.

Implications for practice: This study highlights the need for nurses to regularly screen patients with mental illness for diabetes and metabolic syndrome risk and to intervene accordingly.

Data measurement, instrument selection, and sampling are fundamental elements in quantitative research and data collection. Data measurement is the systematic assignment of numeric values or categories to variables to permit measurement with precision and accuracy. Instrument selection involves selecting the right tool or method to collect data effectively and accurately and ensure the reliability and validity of the data. Sampling is the process of selecting a subset of individuals or items from a larger population to best represent that population, free of bias and generalizable. Understanding these key terms ensures that data collected is valid, reliable, and appropriate for future statistical analysis and interpretation.

Introduction: Youth substance use has been associated with recurrent episodes of substance misuse. A large body of research has shown that relapsing into substance use is still a significant obstacle that prevents people who use substances and want to stop from recovering and abstaining. The objective of this evaluation was to locate, compile and summarise the results of all pertinent research on youth substance use relapse prevention programmes.

Method: An integrative literature review (ILR) was conducted, guided by Whittemore and Knafl (Journal of Advanced Nursing, 2005, 52, 546), following a step-by-step guide for conducting an ILR. The PRISMA guidelines were used in the selection process.

Results: Twenty-three papers met the eligibility criteria, and three were added from grey literature. Three themes identified in the studies included in the review: Continuing care, technology-mediated recovery management interventions and relapse prevention through developmentally engaging activities.

Discussion: The review identified that a successful substance use relapse prevention programme for the youth requires continued care following discharge from hospital treatment. The care encompasses posttreatment check-ups, assessments and linkages to treatment in which a suspected/potential relapse is referred back to treatment to prevent its severity or occurrence.

This paper provides a summary of the main quantitative research designs. Quantitative research designs occur in a hierarchy of evidence, ranging from descriptive research designs such as cross-sectional studies, and cohort designs, to more carefully constructed experimental designs like randomised control trials (RCT's). The quality of a study's findings is determined by factors affecting its internal validity and its application to other settings is gauged by its external validity.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms in older adults.

Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Nine databases were searched for publications up to 2 April 2024, using combinations of search terms related to depression, anxiety, ACT, older adults and randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Two researchers were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, data extraction and methodological quality evaluation, and Stata 16.0 software was used for meta-analysis.

Results: Seven articles were included in a systematic review and six were in a meta-analysis. The results indicated that, compared to the control group, ACT had a small but significant effect in reducing depressive symptom (SMD = -0.22, 95% CI, -0.38 to -0.06, p < 0.001; 576 older adults; low-quality evidence), while it showed a small, non-significant effect on reducing anxiety symptoms (SMD = -0.29, 95% CI, -0.73 to 0.15, p = 0.194; 576 older adults; very low-quality evidence). Subgroup analysis based on the different control conditions may have some enlightenment on the sources of heterogeneity.

Conclusion: ACT can be an important component of future psychotherapy for older adults, as it may alleviate depressive symptoms. However, high-quality studies with large samples, multiple centres and long follow-up durations should be performed to further reliably assess the treatment effects of depressive symptoms and explore potential benefits for anxiety symptoms.

Introduction: Psychedelic science is re-emerging to address mental health conditions, of which certain populations in the United States experience disparities. However, the perspectives of registered nurses (RNs), who have important roles within mental health care, towards psychedelics are largely unknown.

Aim/question: To assess attitudes, knowledge, and beliefs of a large, state-wide sample of RNs towards psychedelics in healthcare settings.

Method: RNs were randomly selected from a statewide directory to participate in a cross-sectional, multi-method online survey.

Results: 793 RNs completed all items, with generally positive attitudes towards psychedelics but mixed opinions regarding the legal landscape, including decriminalisation. Few (12.7%) reported psychedelic content in their training, and most expressed low confidence in their knowledge.

Discussion: Findings generally align with previous research regarding provider attitudes towards psychedelics. Participants in this study had slightly more favourable attitudes and higher knowledge scores.

Limitations: The study has potential selection bias, lacks a priori power analysis, and is limited to one state.

Implications: As psychedelic science emerges as a potential treatment option for several mental health conditions, RNs must be prepared to support individuals and communities.

Recommendations: Additional education in this emerging area of mental health nursing is warranted to ensure RN competence and confidence.

Introduction: Psychological flexibility is posited to aid individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) in managing stress and tolerating distress. However, the intricacies of this mechanism remain obscure.

Aim: This study investigates the potential mediating role of psychological flexibility in the relationship between distress tolerance and perceived stress among individuals with SUD.

Method: This cross-sectional study evaluated 187 individuals with SUD, selected through non-probability convenience sampling, using the Introductory Information Form, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Distress Tolerance Scale and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Substance Abuse. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 25 and further refined with Jamovi 2.4.14, employing advanced mediation analysis techniques.

Results: Significant relationships were found between distress tolerance, perceived stress and psychological flexibility. Mediation model analysis showed that psychological flexibility mediated the relationship between distress tolerance and perceived stress.

Discussion: This study revealed that higher distress tolerance, higher psychological flexibility and lower perceived stress were associated. As individuals adopt a more flexible and accepting attitude towards distressing situations, they perceive stressful events as less threatening and more manageable.

Implications for practice: The study suggests the need for psychiatric and mental health nursing practice and education to incorporate strategies to increase psychological flexibility.