Obesity in young adults is a major public health issue. Although the physical effects and long-term consequences of obesity are well-documented, the psychological effects contribute to a cycle that worsens both weight gain and emotional distress. Teens with obesity experience social isolation, poor body image, and low self-esteem, increasing their risk for anxiety and depression. Their mental health burden is compounded by stigma and victimization. This fictional case report follows Jessica, a 15-year-old Black adolescent, as she navigates obesity alongside peer interactions, societal expectations, and challenges to self-confidence. Her experiences with weight-based stigma and social dynamics illustrate the interconnected relationship between mental health and obesity, shaped by broader social and environmental factors. By examining Jessica’s journey, this report emphasizes the need for holistic, trauma-informed care that acknowledges individual experiences, fosters resilience, and promotes well-being.
{"title":"Addressing Obesity and Mental Health in Adolescents: Holistic Insights from a Case Report","authors":"Latonya Fore-Williams DNP, APRN, NP-C, CSOWM, CBN, CCM , Anne Derouin DNP, APRN, CPNP-PC, PMHS, FAANP, ANEF","doi":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obesity in young adults is a major public health issue. Although the physical effects and long-term consequences of obesity are well-documented, the psychological effects contribute to a cycle that worsens both weight gain and emotional distress. Teens with obesity experience social isolation, poor body image, and low self-esteem, increasing their risk for anxiety and depression. Their mental health burden is compounded by stigma and victimization. This fictional case report follows Jessica, a 15-year-old Black adolescent, as she navigates obesity alongside peer interactions, societal expectations, and challenges to self-confidence. Her experiences with weight-based stigma and social dynamics illustrate the interconnected relationship between mental health and obesity, shaped by broader social and environmental factors. By examining Jessica’s journey, this report emphasizes the need for holistic, trauma-informed care that acknowledges individual experiences, fosters resilience, and promotes well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Health Care","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 137-141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.09.001
Emir Tas MD, Swetha Movva MD, Katrina Stumbras MD, MPH, Erika McCann RN, Elizabeth Ranella PA, Luigi Garibaldi MD, Wassim Chemaitilly MD, Oscar Escobar MD
Introduction
Growth hormone (GH) stimulation testing using levodopa/carbidopa often causes nausea and vomiting. Ondansetron is commonly used for symptom control, but its effect on GH test accuracy is unclear.
Methods
We retrospectively studied 129 children (ages 2–16) who underwent GH stimulation testing with arginine–levodopa/carbidopa. Ondansetron timing was categorized as none, early (0–30 minutes), or late (31–120 minutes). We assessed the association between ondansetron timing and GH test response, incorporating clinical, auxological, and biochemical characteristics into multivariable regression models. Primary outcomes were peak GH concentration and GH deficiency classification (<10 μg/L).
Results
Ondansetron timing was not associated with peak GH or GH deficiency. Nausea/vomiting was more common in the late group (51%) than early (38%) or none (25%) (p = .019), possibly reflecting selection bias. Higher BMI SDS was associated with lower peak GH (β = −0.302, p < .001) and increased odds of GH deficiency (OR = 1.81, p = .016).
Discussion
Ondansetron does not affect GH test outcomes and may reduce symptoms. BMI standard deviation scores (SDS) is an independent predictor of GH response and should be considered in interpreting test results.
简介:使用左旋多巴/卡比多巴进行生长激素(GH)刺激试验常引起恶心和呕吐。昂丹司琼常用于症状控制,但其对生长激素检测准确性的影响尚不清楚。方法:我们回顾性研究了129名接受精氨酸-左旋多巴/卡比多巴刺激生长激素试验的儿童(2-16岁)。昂丹司琼时间分为无、早(0-30分钟)和晚(31-120分钟)。我们评估了昂丹司琼时间与生长激素试验反应之间的关系,将临床、生理和生化特征纳入多变量回归模型。主要结果是GH峰值浓度和GH缺乏分类(结果:昂丹司琼时间与GH峰值或GH缺乏无关。恶心/呕吐在晚期组(51%)比早期组(38%)或无(25%)更常见(p = 0.019),可能反映了选择偏差。BMI SDS越高,生长激素峰值越低(β = -0.302, p < .001),生长激素缺乏的几率越高(OR = 1.81, p = .016)。讨论:昂丹司琼不影响生长激素测试结果,可能减轻症状。BMI标准偏差评分(SDS)是生长激素反应的独立预测因子,在解释测试结果时应予以考虑。
{"title":"Impact of Ondansetron Timing on Symptom Burden and Diagnostic Performance During Pediatric Growth Hormone Stimulation Testing","authors":"Emir Tas MD, Swetha Movva MD, Katrina Stumbras MD, MPH, Erika McCann RN, Elizabeth Ranella PA, Luigi Garibaldi MD, Wassim Chemaitilly MD, Oscar Escobar MD","doi":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Growth hormone (GH) stimulation testing using levodopa/carbidopa often causes nausea and vomiting. Ondansetron is commonly used for symptom control, but its effect on GH test accuracy is unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively studied 129 children (ages 2–16) who underwent GH stimulation testing with arginine–levodopa/carbidopa. Ondansetron timing was categorized as none, early (0–30 minutes), or late (31–120 minutes). We assessed the association between ondansetron timing and GH test response, incorporating clinical, auxological, and biochemical characteristics into multivariable regression models. Primary outcomes were peak GH concentration and GH deficiency classification (<10 μg/L).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ondansetron timing was not associated with peak GH or GH deficiency. Nausea/vomiting was more common in the late group (51%) than early (38%) or none (25%) (<em>p</em> = .019), possibly reflecting selection bias. Higher BMI SDS was associated with lower peak GH (β = −0.302, <em>p</em> < .001) and increased odds of GH deficiency (OR = 1.81, <em>p</em> = .016).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Ondansetron does not affect GH test outcomes and may reduce symptoms. BMI standard deviation scores (SDS) is an independent predictor of GH response and should be considered in interpreting test results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Health Care","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 128-136"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.09.005
Chenxi Liu PhD, Jacky Chu BS, Taylor Hughes MD, Claire Follis MSEd, Kathleen M. Kan MD
Introduction
Urotherapy, including behavior modification education, improves pediatrics lower urinary tract symptoms, but access remains limited due to a lack of publicly available, evidence-based programs. We developed Bladder Basics, a self-paced online bladder health education program and examined its instructional design and acceptability.
Methods
Informed by Situated Learning Theory and the ARCS Model, Bladder Basics teaches key bladder health practices to promote behavior changes in an authentic, engaging way. 70 children ages 5–10 years with bladder symptoms and their parents watched Bladder Basics over four weeks, then completed online surveys and open-ended questions.
Results
Bladder Basics was well-accepted and demonstrated high motivational appeal. Participants reported positive attitudes, strong engagement, and interest in expanded content. Parents observed increased child engagement and self-efficacy in adopting bladder health-promoting behaviors.
Conclusion
Integrating the two theoretical frameworks supports authentic, engaging bladder health education, enhancing motivation and acceptability, and potentially promoting healthy behavior adoption.
{"title":"Empowering Bladder Health Education for Children: Integrating Situated Learning Theory and the ARCS Model in Online Program Design","authors":"Chenxi Liu PhD, Jacky Chu BS, Taylor Hughes MD, Claire Follis MSEd, Kathleen M. Kan MD","doi":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Urotherapy, including behavior modification education, improves pediatrics lower urinary tract symptoms, but access remains limited due to a lack of publicly available, evidence-based programs. We developed Bladder Basics, a self-paced online bladder health education program and examined its instructional design and acceptability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Informed by Situated Learning Theory and the ARCS Model, Bladder Basics teaches key bladder health practices to promote behavior changes in an authentic, engaging way. 70 children ages 5–10 years with bladder symptoms and their parents watched Bladder Basics over four weeks, then completed online surveys and open-ended questions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Bladder Basics was well-accepted and demonstrated high motivational appeal. Participants reported positive attitudes, strong engagement, and interest in expanded content. Parents observed increased child engagement and self-efficacy in adopting bladder health-promoting behaviors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Integrating the two theoretical frameworks supports authentic, engaging bladder health education, enhancing motivation and acceptability, and potentially promoting healthy behavior adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Health Care","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 112-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145253410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.016
Lauren Head Zauche PhD, CPNP-PC, RN, Elaine R. Miller MPH, RN, Sehwa S. Kim MSHI, RN, Amelia Jazwa MSPH, David K. Shay MD, MPH
Immunization is an effective public health tool to protect children from hospitalization and death from vaccine-preventable diseases. Vaccine safety monitoring is essential to understand risks of vaccination. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention closely monitors vaccine safety through multiple surveillance systems, including V-safe, the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, the Vaccine Safety Datalink, and the Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment Network. This article briefly discusses each surveillance system and available evidence that healthcare providers can use to respond to common vaccine concerns. As trusted sources of information about vaccines, pediatric nurses and nurse practitioners need to understand how vaccine safety is monitored, where to access reliable resources about vaccines, and when and where to report adverse events noted after vaccination.
{"title":"Monitoring Vaccine Safety: United States Vaccine Safety Surveillance Systems","authors":"Lauren Head Zauche PhD, CPNP-PC, RN, Elaine R. Miller MPH, RN, Sehwa S. Kim MSHI, RN, Amelia Jazwa MSPH, David K. Shay MD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immunization is an effective public health tool to protect children from hospitalization and death from vaccine-preventable diseases. Vaccine safety monitoring is essential to understand risks of vaccination. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention closely monitors vaccine safety through multiple surveillance systems, including V-safe, the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, the Vaccine Safety Datalink, and the Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment Network. This article briefly discusses each surveillance system and available evidence that healthcare providers can use to respond to common vaccine concerns. As trusted sources of information about vaccines, pediatric nurses and nurse practitioners need to understand how vaccine safety is monitored, where to access reliable resources about vaccines, and when and where to report adverse events noted after vaccination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Health Care","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 174-186"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145852485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.09.014
{"title":"NAPNAP Position Statement on Protection of Children Involved in Research Studies","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.09.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Health Care","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 189-192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145852487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.006
Claire Kee RD (Pediatric Dietitian)
Severe malnutrition of an infant is rare in Canada but poses a major public health concern. This case report describes a 5-month-old male presenting with a rash, found to be severely malnourished with hypoglycemia, bradycardia, hypothermia, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis. Malnutrition was likely due to inadequate breastmilk supply and underfeeding. The infant was treated with intravenous fluids and carefully managed feeding plans while closely monitoring biochemical markers. His nutritional status gradually improved, normalizing symptoms and lab values. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of growth failure, timely referrals, and prevention of complications like refeeding syndrome.
{"title":"A Missed Opportunity: Severe Malnutrition in an Infant Despite Routine Care Access","authors":"Claire Kee RD (Pediatric Dietitian)","doi":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Severe malnutrition of an infant is rare in Canada but poses a major public health concern. This case report describes a 5-month-old male presenting with a rash, found to be severely malnourished with hypoglycemia, bradycardia, hypothermia, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis. Malnutrition was likely due to inadequate breastmilk supply and underfeeding. The infant was treated with intravenous fluids and carefully managed feeding plans while closely monitoring biochemical markers. His nutritional status gradually improved, normalizing symptoms and lab values. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of growth failure, timely referrals, and prevention of complications like refeeding syndrome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Health Care","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 147-152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144762127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.003
Arjun Gampala BA , Divya Minnaganti BA , Darcy Weidemann MD, MHS
An adolescent patient developed a severe local inflammatory reaction, acute kidney injury, extensive myofascitis, and profound immune thrombocytopenia resulting in vitreous hemorrhage and long-term permanent visual impairment after 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine administration. This severe adverse outcome has not previously been reported in the literature with this particular vaccination. This case highlights rare but serious potential adverse immunologic effects of polysaccharide vaccines.
{"title":"Severe Immune Thrombocytopenia and Myositis After 23-Valent Pneumococcal Vaccine","authors":"Arjun Gampala BA , Divya Minnaganti BA , Darcy Weidemann MD, MHS","doi":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An adolescent patient developed a severe local inflammatory reaction, acute kidney injury, extensive myofascitis, and profound immune thrombocytopenia resulting in vitreous hemorrhage and long-term permanent visual impairment after 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine administration. This severe adverse outcome has not previously been reported in the literature with this particular vaccination. This case highlights rare but serious potential adverse immunologic effects of polysaccharide vaccines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Health Care","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 142-146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144838436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Excessive use of electronic devices can negatively impact sleep quality in children and adolescents. This scoping review mapped the literature on the effects of screen time on sleep and identified research gaps.
Methods
Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, 32 observational, experimental, and systematic review studies published up to 2025 were included (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and BVS). Screen time duration, device type, content, and exposure timing were analyzed.
Results
Prolonged screen use before bedtime was associated with shorter sleep duration, increased sleep latency, and sleep fragmentation. Social media and video games were particularly linked to higher risks of insomnia and daytime sleepiness.
Conclusions
There is a lack of standardization in screen time definitions and measurement methods. Future research should evaluate interventions such as parental education programs, blue light filters, and nighttime screen use policies to mitigate screen time’s negative impact on sleep quality in youth.
{"title":"Consequences of Screen Time on Sleep Quality in Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review","authors":"Raquel Lourenço Silva MD , Bruna Paiva Couto Gonçalves MD , Matheus Hissa Lourenço Ferreira PT , Nelson Carvas Junior MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Excessive use of electronic devices can negatively impact sleep quality in children and adolescents. This scoping review mapped the literature on the effects of screen time on sleep and identified research gaps.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, 32 observational, experimental, and systematic review studies published up to 2025 were included (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and BVS). Screen time duration, device type, content, and exposure timing were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Prolonged screen use before bedtime was associated with shorter sleep duration, increased sleep latency, and sleep fragmentation. Social media and video games were particularly linked to higher risks of insomnia and daytime sleepiness.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There is a lack of standardization in screen time definitions and measurement methods. Future research should evaluate interventions such as parental education programs, blue light filters, and nighttime screen use policies to mitigate screen time’s negative impact on sleep quality in youth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Health Care","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 79-97"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145276387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/S0891-5245(25)00349-9
{"title":"Information for Readers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0891-5245(25)00349-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0891-5245(25)00349-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Health Care","volume":"40 1","pages":"Page A8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145852483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.018
Thi Hoai Thu Nguyen MSc
Crusted scabies (also referred to as Norwegian scabies) is an uncommon and highly contagious variant of scabies. Although crusted scabies is often prevalent in the elderly and immunocompromised individuals, it can occur in the immunocompetent pediatric population. Early and accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatments must be provided to pediatric patients who present with symptoms of crusted scabies to prevent complications and spread the disease in communities.This case report highlights the follow-up care that can prevent recurrent crusted scabies, which is associated with reduced children’s quality of life and increased financial burden on the health care system.
{"title":"Recurrent Crusted Scabies in Pediatrics: A Case Report","authors":"Thi Hoai Thu Nguyen MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedhc.2025.07.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crusted scabies (also referred to as Norwegian scabies) is an uncommon and highly contagious variant of scabies. Although crusted scabies is often prevalent in the elderly and immunocompromised individuals, it can occur in the immunocompetent pediatric population. Early and accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatments must be provided to pediatric patients who present with symptoms of crusted scabies to prevent complications and spread the disease in communities.This case report highlights the follow-up care that can prevent recurrent crusted scabies, which is associated with reduced children’s quality of life and increased financial burden on the health care system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50094,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Health Care","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 153-157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}