We propose hydrostatic pressure -- a well-established tool for tuning properties of condensed matter -- as a novel route for optimizing targets for light dark matter direct detection, specifically via phonons. Pressure dramatically affects compressible solids by boosting the speed of sound and phonon frequencies. Focusing on helium -- the most compressible solid -- our ab initio calculations illustrate how high pressure elevates helium from lacking single-phonon reach to rivaling leading candidates. Our work establishes pressure as an unexplored tuning knob for accessing lower dark matter mass regimes.
{"title":"Pressure-Tunable Targets for Light Dark Matter Direct Detection: The Case of Solid Helium","authors":"Omar A. Ashour, Sinéad M. Griffin","doi":"arxiv-2409.02439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.02439","url":null,"abstract":"We propose hydrostatic pressure -- a well-established tool for tuning\u0000properties of condensed matter -- as a novel route for optimizing targets for\u0000light dark matter direct detection, specifically via phonons. Pressure\u0000dramatically affects compressible solids by boosting the speed of sound and\u0000phonon frequencies. Focusing on helium -- the most compressible solid -- our ab\u0000initio calculations illustrate how high pressure elevates helium from lacking\u0000single-phonon reach to rivaling leading candidates. Our work establishes\u0000pressure as an unexplored tuning knob for accessing lower dark matter mass\u0000regimes.","PeriodicalId":501374,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The forthcoming Electron--Ion Collider (EIC), which is expected to commence operations in the early 2030s, has already reached several significant milestones on its path toward completion. The core of the EIC physics program is the 3D imaging of partonic structures in protons and nuclei. The experimental detector setup required to enable this primary objective utilizes "far-forward" (FF) and "far-backward" (FB) detectors positioned downstream in the hadron-going and electron-going directions, respectively, from the interaction point of the EIC. The primary purpose of the FB detectors is to monitor luminosity and measure scattered electrons in collisions in the EIC, while the array of FF detectors is used to tag and reconstruct both charged and neutral particles that scatter at small angles. These detectors also enable a broader physics program than was initially envisioned, enhancing the EIC's research potential. The expanded capabilities have been a prime focus for engaging the broader nuclear physics community to build a robust groundwork for the EIC. In these proceedings, we will describe the FF/FB detectors and review the advanced forward physics program facilitated by them at the EIC.
{"title":"Physics Perspectives with the ePIC Far-Forward and Far-Backward detectors","authors":"Michael Pitt","doi":"arxiv-2409.02811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.02811","url":null,"abstract":"The forthcoming Electron--Ion Collider (EIC), which is expected to commence\u0000operations in the early 2030s, has already reached several significant\u0000milestones on its path toward completion. The core of the EIC physics program\u0000is the 3D imaging of partonic structures in protons and nuclei. The\u0000experimental detector setup required to enable this primary objective utilizes\u0000\"far-forward\" (FF) and \"far-backward\" (FB) detectors positioned downstream in\u0000the hadron-going and electron-going directions, respectively, from the\u0000interaction point of the EIC. The primary purpose of the FB detectors is to\u0000monitor luminosity and measure scattered electrons in collisions in the EIC,\u0000while the array of FF detectors is used to tag and reconstruct both charged and\u0000neutral particles that scatter at small angles. These detectors also enable a\u0000broader physics program than was initially envisioned, enhancing the EIC's\u0000research potential. The expanded capabilities have been a prime focus for\u0000engaging the broader nuclear physics community to build a robust groundwork for\u0000the EIC. In these proceedings, we will describe the FF/FB detectors and review\u0000the advanced forward physics program facilitated by them at the EIC.","PeriodicalId":501374,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saurabh M. Das, Patrick Harrison, Srikakulapu Kiranbabu, Xuyang Zhou, Wolfgang Ludwig, Edgar F. Rauch, Michael Herbig, Christian H. Liebscher
Grain boundaries are dominant imperfections in nanocrystalline materials that form a complex 3-dimensional (3D) network. Solute segregation to grain boundaries is strongly coupled to the grain boundary character, which governs the stability and macroscopic properties of nanostructured materials. Here, we develop a 3-dimensional transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography correlation framework to retrieve the grain boundary character and composition at the highest spatial resolution and chemical sensitivity by correlating four-dimensional scanning precession electron diffraction tomography (4D-SPED) and atom probe tomography (APT) on the same sample. We obtain the 3D grain boundary habit plane network and explore the preferential segregation of Cu and Si in a nanocrystalline Ni-W alloy. The correlation of structural and compositional information reveals that Cu segregates predominantly along high angle grain boundaries and incoherent twin boundaries, whereas Si segregation to low angle and incommensurate grain boundaries is observed. The novel full 3D correlative approach employed in this work opens up new possibilities to explore the 3D crystallographic and compositional nature of nanomaterials. This lays the foundation for both probing the true 3D structure-chemistry at the sub-nanometer scale and, consequentially, tailoring the macroscopic properties of advanced nanomaterials.
晶界是纳米晶体材料中的主要缺陷，它形成了复杂的三维（3D）网络。溶质在晶界的偏析与晶界特性密切相关，而晶界特性决定了纳米结构材料的稳定性和宏观特性。在此，我们开发了一种三维透射电子显微镜和原子探针层析成像相关框架，通过在同一样品上进行四维扫描前驱电子衍射层析成像（4D-SPED）和原子探针层析成像（APT）的相关分析，以最高的空间分辨率和化学灵敏度检索晶界特征和组成。我们获得了三维晶界习性面网络，并探索了纳米晶 Ni-W 合金中 Cu 和 Si 的优先聚集。结构和成分信息的相关性揭示了铜主要沿着高角度晶界和不一致的孪晶边界偏析，而硅则偏析到低角度和不一致的晶界。这项工作中采用的新型全三维关联方法为探索纳米材料的三维晶体学和成分性质开辟了新的可能性。这为在亚纳米尺度上探测真正的三维结构-化学性质奠定了基础，从而为定制先进纳米材料的宏观特性奠定了基础。
{"title":"Correlating grain boundary character and composition in 3-dimensions using 4D-scanning precession electron diffraction and atom probe tomography","authors":"Saurabh M. Das, Patrick Harrison, Srikakulapu Kiranbabu, Xuyang Zhou, Wolfgang Ludwig, Edgar F. Rauch, Michael Herbig, Christian H. Liebscher","doi":"arxiv-2409.01753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.01753","url":null,"abstract":"Grain boundaries are dominant imperfections in nanocrystalline materials that\u0000form a complex 3-dimensional (3D) network. Solute segregation to grain\u0000boundaries is strongly coupled to the grain boundary character, which governs\u0000the stability and macroscopic properties of nanostructured materials. Here, we\u0000develop a 3-dimensional transmission electron microscopy and atom probe\u0000tomography correlation framework to retrieve the grain boundary character and\u0000composition at the highest spatial resolution and chemical sensitivity by\u0000correlating four-dimensional scanning precession electron diffraction\u0000tomography (4D-SPED) and atom probe tomography (APT) on the same sample. We\u0000obtain the 3D grain boundary habit plane network and explore the preferential\u0000segregation of Cu and Si in a nanocrystalline Ni-W alloy. The correlation of\u0000structural and compositional information reveals that Cu segregates\u0000predominantly along high angle grain boundaries and incoherent twin boundaries,\u0000whereas Si segregation to low angle and incommensurate grain boundaries is\u0000observed. The novel full 3D correlative approach employed in this work opens up\u0000new possibilities to explore the 3D crystallographic and compositional nature\u0000of nanomaterials. This lays the foundation for both probing the true 3D\u0000structure-chemistry at the sub-nanometer scale and, consequentially, tailoring\u0000the macroscopic properties of advanced nanomaterials.","PeriodicalId":501374,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Sharma, Y. Li, M. K. Prasad, W. L. Ho, S. T. Chu, I. V. Borzenets
Micro-ring resonators (MRRs) "trap" incoming light, and therefore, have been shown to achieve extremely high local intensities of light. Thus, they can be used to facilitate highly non-linear optical signals. By embedding materials that host non-linear optical processes inside the MRR, we expect to observe an enhancement in the strength of the non-linear optical signal. This concept is demonstrated here by extracting the Raman signature of graphene that is placed inside a MRR. A highly doped silica MRR which features an optical bus waveguide coupled to a loop (ring) tuned to near-infrared wavelengths is used. Raman signal with an excitation wavelength of 522 nm via third harmonic generation inside the MRR is observed. Higher order Raman signal of the embedded graphene at the 1597.6 nm excitation wavelength is also observed. This work demonstrates the feasibility of the MRR as a non-linear signal enhancer using novel MRR device setups.
{"title":"Raman signal enhancement via a microring resonator","authors":"A. Sharma, Y. Li, M. K. Prasad, W. L. Ho, S. T. Chu, I. V. Borzenets","doi":"arxiv-2409.01967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.01967","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-ring resonators (MRRs) \"trap\" incoming light, and therefore, have been\u0000shown to achieve extremely high local intensities of light. Thus, they can be\u0000used to facilitate highly non-linear optical signals. By embedding materials\u0000that host non-linear optical processes inside the MRR, we expect to observe an\u0000enhancement in the strength of the non-linear optical signal. This concept is\u0000demonstrated here by extracting the Raman signature of graphene that is placed\u0000inside a MRR. A highly doped silica MRR which features an optical bus waveguide\u0000coupled to a loop (ring) tuned to near-infrared wavelengths is used. Raman\u0000signal with an excitation wavelength of 522 nm via third harmonic generation\u0000inside the MRR is observed. Higher order Raman signal of the embedded graphene\u0000at the 1597.6 nm excitation wavelength is also observed. This work demonstrates\u0000the feasibility of the MRR as a non-linear signal enhancer using novel MRR\u0000device setups.","PeriodicalId":501374,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"279 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The CSR External-target Experiment (CEE) is a large-scale spectrometer under construction at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) for studying the phase structure of nuclear matter at high baryon density and the equation of states of nuclear matter at supra-saturation densities. One of the key components is a large acceptance dipole magnet with a central field of 0.5 T and the homogeneity of 5% within a 1 m long, 1.2 m wide, and 0.9 m high aperture. Detectors will be installed within this aperture. An innovative design for the superconducting detector magnet is proposed that goes beyond the conventional approach. The magnet is designed as a coil-dominant type, with conductors discretized on a racetrack-shaped cross-section to generate the necessary fields. A warm iron yoke is used to enhance the central field and minimize the stray field. The magnet has overall dimensions of 3.4 meters in length, 2.7 meters in height, and 4.3 meters in width. The coils will be wound using a 19-strand rope cable comprised of 12 NbTi superconducting wires and 7 copper wires. The ratio of copper to superconductor of the cable is 6.9. The keel supports serve as the primary structural support for the coils to withstand the electromagnetic force. The coils will be indirectly cooled by liquid helium within three external helium vessels. To ensure reliable protection of the magnet during a quench, an active protection method combined with quench-back effect is employed. In this paper, we mainly present the detailed design of the magnetic field, structure, quench protection and cryostat for the spectrometer magnet.
中船重工外部目标实验（CEE）是兰州重离子研究装置（HIRFL）正在建设的大型光谱仪，用于研究高重子密度下核物质的相结构和超饱和密度下核物质的状态方程。其中一个关键部件是一个大型接受偶极子磁体，其中心磁场为 0.5 T，在 1 m 长、1.2 m 宽、0.9 m 高的孔径内均匀度为 5%。探测器将安装在这个孔径内。超导探测器磁体的创新设计超越了传统方法。磁体设计为线圈主导型，导体分散在赛道型横截面上，以产生必要的磁场。暖铁轭用于增强中心磁场和最小化杂散磁场。磁体总长度为 3.4 米，高度为 2.7 米，宽度为 4.3 米。线圈将使用 19 股绳缆绕制，绳缆由 12 根铌钛超导线和 7 根铜线组成。电缆中铜与超导体的比例为 6.9。缆索支撑是线圈承受电磁力的主要结构支撑。线圈将由三个外部氦容器中的液氦间接冷却。为了确保在淬火过程中对磁体进行可靠的保护，我们采用了一种结合淬火后效应的主动保护方法。本文主要介绍了光谱仪磁体的磁场、结构、淬火保护和晶体管的详细设计。
{"title":"Design of a large-scale superconducting dipole magnet for the CEE spectrometer","authors":"Yuquan Chen, Wei You, Jiaqi Lu, Yujin Tong, Luncai Zhou, Beimin Wu, Enming Mei, Wentian Feng, Xianjin Ou, Wei Wu, Qinggao Yao, Peng Yang, Yuhong Yu, Zhiyu Sun","doi":"arxiv-2409.02030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.02030","url":null,"abstract":"The CSR External-target Experiment (CEE) is a large-scale spectrometer under\u0000construction at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) for studying\u0000the phase structure of nuclear matter at high baryon density and the equation\u0000of states of nuclear matter at supra-saturation densities. One of the key\u0000components is a large acceptance dipole magnet with a central field of 0.5 T\u0000and the homogeneity of 5% within a 1 m long, 1.2 m wide, and 0.9 m high\u0000aperture. Detectors will be installed within this aperture. An innovative\u0000design for the superconducting detector magnet is proposed that goes beyond the\u0000conventional approach. The magnet is designed as a coil-dominant type, with\u0000conductors discretized on a racetrack-shaped cross-section to generate the\u0000necessary fields. A warm iron yoke is used to enhance the central field and\u0000minimize the stray field. The magnet has overall dimensions of 3.4 meters in\u0000length, 2.7 meters in height, and 4.3 meters in width. The coils will be wound\u0000using a 19-strand rope cable comprised of 12 NbTi superconducting wires and 7\u0000copper wires. The ratio of copper to superconductor of the cable is 6.9. The\u0000keel supports serve as the primary structural support for the coils to\u0000withstand the electromagnetic force. The coils will be indirectly cooled by\u0000liquid helium within three external helium vessels. To ensure reliable\u0000protection of the magnet during a quench, an active protection method combined\u0000with quench-back effect is employed. In this paper, we mainly present the\u0000detailed design of the magnetic field, structure, quench protection and\u0000cryostat for the spectrometer magnet.","PeriodicalId":501374,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Long Shutdown 3 (LS3) (2026-28), the ALICE experiment is replacing its inner-most three tracking layers by a new detector, Inner Tracking System 3. It will be based on newly developed wafer-scale monolithic active pixel sensors, which are bent into truly cylindrical layers and held in place by light mechanics made from carbon foam. Unprecedented low values of material budget (per layer) and closeness to interaction point (19 mm) lead to a factor two improvement in pointing resolutions from very low $p_text{T}$ (O(100MeV/$c$)), achieving, for example, 20 ${mu}$m and 15 ${mu}$m in the transversal and longitudinal directions, respectively, for 1 GeV/c primary charged pions. After a successful R&D phase 2019-2023, which demonstrated the feasibility of this innovational detector, the final sensor and mechanics are being developed right now. This contribution will briefly review the conceptual design and the main R&D achievements, as well as the current activities and road to completion and installation. It concludes with a projection of the improved physics performance, in particular for heavy-flavour hadrons, as well as for thermal dielectrons, that will come into reach with this new detector installed.
{"title":"The ITS3 detector and physics reach of the LS3 ALICE Upgrade","authors":"Chun-Zheng Wangfor the ALICE Collaboration","doi":"arxiv-2409.01866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.01866","url":null,"abstract":"During Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Long Shutdown 3 (LS3) (2026-28), the ALICE\u0000experiment is replacing its inner-most three tracking layers by a new detector,\u0000Inner Tracking System 3. It will be based on newly developed wafer-scale\u0000monolithic active pixel sensors, which are bent into truly cylindrical layers\u0000and held in place by light mechanics made from carbon foam. Unprecedented low\u0000values of material budget (per layer) and closeness to interaction point (19\u0000mm) lead to a factor two improvement in pointing resolutions from very low\u0000$p_text{T}$ (O(100MeV/$c$)), achieving, for example, 20 ${mu}$m and 15\u0000${mu}$m in the transversal and longitudinal directions, respectively, for 1\u0000GeV/c primary charged pions. After a successful R&D phase 2019-2023, which\u0000demonstrated the feasibility of this innovational detector, the final sensor\u0000and mechanics are being developed right now. This contribution will briefly\u0000review the conceptual design and the main R&D achievements, as well as the\u0000current activities and road to completion and installation. It concludes with a\u0000projection of the improved physics performance, in particular for heavy-flavour\u0000hadrons, as well as for thermal dielectrons, that will come into reach with\u0000this new detector installed.","PeriodicalId":501374,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jakub Mnich, Johannes Kunsch, Matthias Budden, Thomas Gebert, Marco Schossig, Jarosław Sotor, Łukasz A. Sterczewski
Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has matured into a versatile technique with relevance for environmental monitoring, pharmaceutical research, and food safety applications. However, compared to other spectroscopic methods, it experiences slower progress in terms of power optimization, miniaturization, and adoption by industry. To overcome this limitation, we developed an ultra-broadband room-temperature FTIR instrument relying on commercially available components that offers a spectral coverage from 1.6 $mu$m to 31 $mu$m (9.7-190 THz) without changing optics at a single-Watt-level of electrical power consumption. To demonstrate the capabilities of the instrument, we measured atmospheric species in multiple spectral regions with better than 1.5 cm$^{-1}$ resolution.
{"title":"Ultra-broadband room-temperature Fourier transform spectrometer with watt-level power consumption","authors":"Jakub Mnich, Johannes Kunsch, Matthias Budden, Thomas Gebert, Marco Schossig, Jarosław Sotor, Łukasz A. Sterczewski","doi":"arxiv-2409.01875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.01875","url":null,"abstract":"Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has matured into a versatile\u0000technique with relevance for environmental monitoring, pharmaceutical research,\u0000and food safety applications. However, compared to other spectroscopic methods,\u0000it experiences slower progress in terms of power optimization, miniaturization,\u0000and adoption by industry. To overcome this limitation, we developed an\u0000ultra-broadband room-temperature FTIR instrument relying on commercially\u0000available components that offers a spectral coverage from 1.6 $mu$m to 31\u0000$mu$m (9.7-190 THz) without changing optics at a single-Watt-level of\u0000electrical power consumption. To demonstrate the capabilities of the\u0000instrument, we measured atmospheric species in multiple spectral regions with\u0000better than 1.5 cm$^{-1}$ resolution.","PeriodicalId":501374,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Volponi, J. Zieliński, T. Rauschendorfer, S. Huck, R. Caravita, M. Auzins, B. Bergmann, P. Burian, R. S. Brusa, A. Camper, F. Castelli, G. Cerchiari, R. Ciuryło, G. Consolati, M. Doser, K. Eliaszuk, A. Giszczak, L. T. Glöggler, Ł. Graczykowski, M. Grosbart, F. Guatieri, N. Gusakova, F. Gustafsson, S. Haider, M. A. Janik, T. Januszek, G. Kasprowicz, G. Khatri, Ł. Kłosowski, G. Kornakov, V. Krumins, L. Lappo, A. Linek, J. Malamant, S. Mariazzi, L. Penasa, V. Petracek, M. Piwiński, S. Pospisil, L. Povolo, F. Prelz, S. A. Rangwala, B. S. Rawat, B. Rienäcker, V. Rodin, O. M. Røhne, H. Sandaker, P. Smolyanskiy, T. Sowiński, D. Tefelski, T. Vafeiadis, C. P. Welsch, T. Wolz, M. Zawada, N. Zurlo
Modern physics experiments are frequently very complex, relying on multiple simultaneous events to happen in order to obtain the desired result. The experiment control system plays a central role in orchestrating the measurement setup: However, its development is often treated as secondary with respect to the hardware, its importance becoming evident only during the operational phase. Therefore, the AEgIS (Antimatter Experiment: Gravity, Interferometry, Spectroscopy) collaboration has created a framework for easily coding control systems, specifically targeting atomic, quantum, and antimatter experiments. This framework, called Total Automation of LabVIEW Operations for Science (TALOS), unifies all the machines of the experiment in a single entity, thus enabling complex high-level decisions to be taken, and it is constituted by separate modules, called MicroServices, that run concurrently and asynchronously. This enhances the stability and reproducibility of the system while allowing for continuous integration and testing while the control system is running. The system demonstrated high stability and reproducibility, running completely unsupervised during the night and weekends of the data-taking campaigns. The results demonstrate the suitability of TALOS to manage an entire physics experiment in full autonomy: being open-source, experiments other than the AEgIS experiment can benefit from it.
{"title":"TALOS (Total Automation of LabVIEW Operations for Science): A framework for autonomous control systems for complex experiments","authors":"M. Volponi, J. Zieliński, T. Rauschendorfer, S. Huck, R. Caravita, M. Auzins, B. Bergmann, P. Burian, R. S. Brusa, A. Camper, F. Castelli, G. Cerchiari, R. Ciuryło, G. Consolati, M. Doser, K. Eliaszuk, A. Giszczak, L. T. Glöggler, Ł. Graczykowski, M. Grosbart, F. Guatieri, N. Gusakova, F. Gustafsson, S. Haider, M. A. Janik, T. Januszek, G. Kasprowicz, G. Khatri, Ł. Kłosowski, G. Kornakov, V. Krumins, L. Lappo, A. Linek, J. Malamant, S. Mariazzi, L. Penasa, V. Petracek, M. Piwiński, S. Pospisil, L. Povolo, F. Prelz, S. A. Rangwala, B. S. Rawat, B. Rienäcker, V. Rodin, O. M. Røhne, H. Sandaker, P. Smolyanskiy, T. Sowiński, D. Tefelski, T. Vafeiadis, C. P. Welsch, T. Wolz, M. Zawada, N. Zurlo","doi":"arxiv-2409.01058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.01058","url":null,"abstract":"Modern physics experiments are frequently very complex, relying on multiple\u0000simultaneous events to happen in order to obtain the desired result. The\u0000experiment control system plays a central role in orchestrating the measurement\u0000setup: However, its development is often treated as secondary with respect to\u0000the hardware, its importance becoming evident only during the operational\u0000phase. Therefore, the AEgIS (Antimatter Experiment: Gravity, Interferometry,\u0000Spectroscopy) collaboration has created a framework for easily coding control\u0000systems, specifically targeting atomic, quantum, and antimatter experiments.\u0000This framework, called Total Automation of LabVIEW Operations for Science\u0000(TALOS), unifies all the machines of the experiment in a single entity, thus\u0000enabling complex high-level decisions to be taken, and it is constituted by\u0000separate modules, called MicroServices, that run concurrently and\u0000asynchronously. This enhances the stability and reproducibility of the system\u0000while allowing for continuous integration and testing while the control system\u0000is running. The system demonstrated high stability and reproducibility, running\u0000completely unsupervised during the night and weekends of the data-taking\u0000campaigns. The results demonstrate the suitability of TALOS to manage an entire\u0000physics experiment in full autonomy: being open-source, experiments other than\u0000the AEgIS experiment can benefit from it.","PeriodicalId":501374,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yifan Wang, Nicolas Bertin, Dayeeta Pal, Sara J. Irvine, Kento Katagiri, Robert E. Ruddc, Leora E. Dresselhaus-Marais
Dark-field X-ray Microscopy (DFXM) is a novel diffraction-based imaging technique that non-destructively maps the local deformation from crystalline defects in bulk materials. While studies have demonstrated that DFXM can spatially map 3D defect geometries, it is still challenging to interpret DFXM images of the high dislocation density systems relevant to macroscopic crystal plasticity. This work develops a scalable forward model to calculate virtual DFXM images for complex discrete dislocation (DD) structures obtained from atomistic simulations. Our new DD-DFXM model integrates a non-singular formulation for calculating the local strain from the DD structures and an efficient geometrical optics algorithm for computing the DFXM image from the strain. We apply the model to complex DD structures obtained from a large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of compressive loading on a single-crystal silicon. Simulated DFXM images exhibit prominent feature contrast for dislocations between the multiple slip systems, demonstrating the DFXM's potential to resolve features from dislocation multiplication. The integrated DD-DFXM model provides a toolbox for DFXM experimental design and image interpretation in the context of bulk crystal plasticity for the breadth of measurements across shock plasticity and the broader materials science community.
{"title":"Computing virtual dark-field X-ray microscopy images of complex discrete dislocation structures from large-scale molecular dynamics simulations","authors":"Yifan Wang, Nicolas Bertin, Dayeeta Pal, Sara J. Irvine, Kento Katagiri, Robert E. Ruddc, Leora E. Dresselhaus-Marais","doi":"arxiv-2409.01439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.01439","url":null,"abstract":"Dark-field X-ray Microscopy (DFXM) is a novel diffraction-based imaging\u0000technique that non-destructively maps the local deformation from crystalline\u0000defects in bulk materials. While studies have demonstrated that DFXM can\u0000spatially map 3D defect geometries, it is still challenging to interpret DFXM\u0000images of the high dislocation density systems relevant to macroscopic crystal\u0000plasticity. This work develops a scalable forward model to calculate virtual\u0000DFXM images for complex discrete dislocation (DD) structures obtained from\u0000atomistic simulations. Our new DD-DFXM model integrates a non-singular\u0000formulation for calculating the local strain from the DD structures and an\u0000efficient geometrical optics algorithm for computing the DFXM image from the\u0000strain. We apply the model to complex DD structures obtained from a large-scale\u0000molecular dynamics (MD) simulation of compressive loading on a single-crystal\u0000silicon. Simulated DFXM images exhibit prominent feature contrast for\u0000dislocations between the multiple slip systems, demonstrating the DFXM's\u0000potential to resolve features from dislocation multiplication. The integrated\u0000DD-DFXM model provides a toolbox for DFXM experimental design and image\u0000interpretation in the context of bulk crystal plasticity for the breadth of\u0000measurements across shock plasticity and the broader materials science\u0000community.","PeriodicalId":501374,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Space-based gravitational wave detection is based on the astrodynamical equations derived from gravitational theory to detect changes in distance between spacecraft/celestial bodies and/or their state changes caused by gravitational waves. The fundamental method involves using electromagnetic waves (including radio waves, microwaves, light waves, X-rays, gamma rays, etc.) for Doppler tracking and comparing to the stable frequency standards (sources) at both the transmitting and receiving ends. Examples include microwave Doppler tracking, optical clock gravitational wave detection, atom interferometry gravitational wave detection, and laser interferometry gravitational wave detection. If the frequency sources at both ends are not sufficiently stable, a generalized dual-path Michelson interferometer based on Doppler tracking combinations is needed. Currently, the main space-based gravitational wave detectors under construction or planning are laser interferometers, which cover medium frequency (0.1-10 Hz) and low-frequency (millihertz 0.1-100 mHz and microhertz 0.1-100 {mu}Hz) gravitational wave detection bands. This article reviews the current status and prospects of these gravitational wave detection methods.
{"title":"Space gravitational wave detection: Progress and outlook","authors":"Wei-Tou Ni","doi":"arxiv-2409.00927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.00927","url":null,"abstract":"Space-based gravitational wave detection is based on the astrodynamical\u0000equations derived from gravitational theory to detect changes in distance\u0000between spacecraft/celestial bodies and/or their state changes caused by\u0000gravitational waves. The fundamental method involves using electromagnetic\u0000waves (including radio waves, microwaves, light waves, X-rays, gamma rays,\u0000etc.) for Doppler tracking and comparing to the stable frequency standards\u0000(sources) at both the transmitting and receiving ends. Examples include\u0000microwave Doppler tracking, optical clock gravitational wave detection, atom\u0000interferometry gravitational wave detection, and laser interferometry\u0000gravitational wave detection. If the frequency sources at both ends are not\u0000sufficiently stable, a generalized dual-path Michelson interferometer based on\u0000Doppler tracking combinations is needed. Currently, the main space-based\u0000gravitational wave detectors under construction or planning are laser\u0000interferometers, which cover medium frequency (0.1-10 Hz) and low-frequency\u0000(millihertz 0.1-100 mHz and microhertz 0.1-100 {mu}Hz) gravitational wave\u0000detection bands. This article reviews the current status and prospects of these\u0000gravitational wave detection methods.","PeriodicalId":501374,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - PHYS - Instrumentation and Detectors","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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