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Suppression of Spry1 reduces HIF1α-dependent glycolysis and impairs angiogenesis in BRAF-mutant cutaneous melanoma.
IF 11.4 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-025-03289-8
Barbara Montico, Giorgio Giurato, Roberto Guerrieri, Francesca Colizzi, Annamaria Salvati, Giovanni Nassa, Jessica Lamberti, Domenico Memoli, Patrizia Sabatelli, Marina Comelli, Arianna Bellazzo, Albina Fejza, Lucrezia Camicia, Lorena Baboci, Michele Dal Bo, Alessia Covre, Tuula A Nyman, Alessandro Weisz, Agostino Steffan, Michele Maio, Luca Sigalotti, Maurizio Mongiat, Eva Andreuzzi, Elisabetta Fratta
<p><strong>Background: </strong>About 50% of cutaneous melanoma (CM) harbors the activating BRAF<sup>V600</sup> mutation which exerts most of the oncogenic effects through the MAPK signaling pathway. In the last years, a number of MAPK modulators have been identified, including Spry1. In this context, we have recently demonstrated that knockout of Spry1 (Spry1<sup>KO</sup>) in BRAF<sup>V600</sup>-mutant CM led to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, repressed cell proliferation in vitro, and reduced tumor growth in vivo. Despite these findings, however, the precise molecular mechanism linking Spry1 to BRAF<sup>V600</sup>-mutant CM remains to be elucidated.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry was employed to gain insight into Spry1 interactome. Spry1 gene was knocked-out using the CRISPR strategy in the BRAF-mutant cell lines. Transmission electron microscopy was used to assess the relationship between Spry1 expression and mitochondrial morphology. By using in vitro and in vivo models, the effects of Spry1<sup>KO</sup> were investigated through RNA-sequencing, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence analyses. The Seahorse XF24 assay allowed real-time measurement of cellular metabolism in our model. Angiogenic potential was assessed through in vitro tube formation assays and in vivo CD31 staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spry1 was mainly located in mitochondria in BRAF<sup>V600</sup>-mutant CM cells where it interacted with key molecules involved in mitochondrial homeostasis. Spry1 loss resulted in mitochondrial shape alterations and dysfunction, which associated with increased reactive oxygen species production. In agreement, we found that nuclear hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1α) protein levels were reduced in Spry1<sup>KO</sup> clones both in vitro and in vivo along with the expression of its glycolysis related genes. Accordingly, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified "HIF1α Signaling" as the most significant molecular and cellular function affected by Spry1 silencing, whereas the glycolytic function was significantly impaired in Spry1 depleted BRAF<sup>V600</sup>-mutant CM cells. In addition, our results indicated that the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor A was down-regulated following Spry1<sup>KO</sup>, possibly as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction. Consistently, we observed a substantial impairment of angiogenesis, as assessed by the tube formation assay in vitro and the immunofluorescence staining of CD31 in vivo.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Altogether, these findings identify Spry1 as a potential regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis, and uncover a previously unrecognized role for Spry1 in regulating nuclear HIF1α expression and angiogenesis in BRAF<sup>V600</sup>-mutant CM.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Spry1<sup>KO</sup> profoundly impacts on mitochondria homeostasis, while concomitantly impairing HIF1α-d
背景:约 50%的皮肤黑色素瘤(CM)携带活化 BRAFV600 突变,该突变通过 MAPK 信号通路发挥大部分致癌作用。近年来,包括 Spry1 在内的一些 MAPK 调节剂已被发现。在此背景下,我们最近证实,在 BRAFV600 突变的 CM 中敲除 Spry1(Spry1KO)会导致细胞周期停滞和凋亡,在体外抑制细胞增殖,在体内减少肿瘤生长。尽管有这些发现,但 Spry1 与 BRAFV600 突变 CM 的确切分子机制仍有待阐明:采用免疫沉淀结合质谱法深入研究 Spry1 的相互作用组。在BRAF突变细胞系中使用CRISPR策略敲除Spry1基因。透射电子显微镜用于评估 Spry1 表达与线粒体形态之间的关系。利用体外和体内模型,通过RNA测序、定量实时PCR、Western印迹和免疫荧光分析研究了Spry1KO的影响。海马 XF24 检测法可实时测量模型中的细胞代谢。通过体外管形成试验和体内 CD31 染色评估了血管生成潜力:结果:在BRAFV600突变的CM细胞中,Spry1主要位于线粒体中,与参与线粒体平衡的关键分子相互作用。Spry1缺失会导致线粒体形态改变和功能障碍,并与活性氧生成增加有关。与此相一致,我们发现 Spry1KO 克隆体外和体内的核缺氧诱导因子-1 α(HIF1α)蛋白水平及其糖酵解相关基因的表达均有所降低。据此,Ingenuity Pathway 分析确定 "HIF1α 信号转导 "是受 Spry1 沉默影响最大的分子和细胞功能,而在 Spry1 缺失的 BRAFV600 突变 CM 细胞中,糖酵解功能明显受损。此外,我们的研究结果表明,Spry1KO 后血管内皮生长因子 A 的表达下调,这可能是线粒体功能障碍的结果。同样,我们观察到血管生成严重受损,体外的血管管形成试验和体内的 CD31 免疫荧光染色都能评估这一点:总之,这些发现确定了 Spry1 是线粒体稳态的潜在调控因子,并揭示了 Spry1 在 BRAFV600 突变 CM 中调控核 HIF1α 表达和血管生成的作用,而这一作用此前尚未被认识:Spry1KO对线粒体稳态产生了深远影响,同时损害了依赖HIF1α的糖酵解,减少了BRAF突变型CM细胞的血管生成,从而为改善BRAFV600突变型CM的治疗提供了一个潜在的治疗靶点。
{"title":"Suppression of Spry1 reduces HIF1α-dependent glycolysis and impairs angiogenesis in BRAF-mutant cutaneous melanoma.","authors":"Barbara Montico, Giorgio Giurato, Roberto Guerrieri, Francesca Colizzi, Annamaria Salvati, Giovanni Nassa, Jessica Lamberti, Domenico Memoli, Patrizia Sabatelli, Marina Comelli, Arianna Bellazzo, Albina Fejza, Lucrezia Camicia, Lorena Baboci, Michele Dal Bo, Alessia Covre, Tuula A Nyman, Alessandro Weisz, Agostino Steffan, Michele Maio, Luca Sigalotti, Maurizio Mongiat, Eva Andreuzzi, Elisabetta Fratta","doi":"10.1186/s13046-025-03289-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13046-025-03289-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;About 50% of cutaneous melanoma (CM) harbors the activating BRAF&lt;sup&gt;V600&lt;/sup&gt; mutation which exerts most of the oncogenic effects through the MAPK signaling pathway. In the last years, a number of MAPK modulators have been identified, including Spry1. In this context, we have recently demonstrated that knockout of Spry1 (Spry1&lt;sup&gt;KO&lt;/sup&gt;) in BRAF&lt;sup&gt;V600&lt;/sup&gt;-mutant CM led to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, repressed cell proliferation in vitro, and reduced tumor growth in vivo. Despite these findings, however, the precise molecular mechanism linking Spry1 to BRAF&lt;sup&gt;V600&lt;/sup&gt;-mutant CM remains to be elucidated.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry was employed to gain insight into Spry1 interactome. Spry1 gene was knocked-out using the CRISPR strategy in the BRAF-mutant cell lines. Transmission electron microscopy was used to assess the relationship between Spry1 expression and mitochondrial morphology. By using in vitro and in vivo models, the effects of Spry1&lt;sup&gt;KO&lt;/sup&gt; were investigated through RNA-sequencing, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence analyses. The Seahorse XF24 assay allowed real-time measurement of cellular metabolism in our model. Angiogenic potential was assessed through in vitro tube formation assays and in vivo CD31 staining.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Spry1 was mainly located in mitochondria in BRAF&lt;sup&gt;V600&lt;/sup&gt;-mutant CM cells where it interacted with key molecules involved in mitochondrial homeostasis. Spry1 loss resulted in mitochondrial shape alterations and dysfunction, which associated with increased reactive oxygen species production. In agreement, we found that nuclear hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF1α) protein levels were reduced in Spry1&lt;sup&gt;KO&lt;/sup&gt; clones both in vitro and in vivo along with the expression of its glycolysis related genes. Accordingly, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified \"HIF1α Signaling\" as the most significant molecular and cellular function affected by Spry1 silencing, whereas the glycolytic function was significantly impaired in Spry1 depleted BRAF&lt;sup&gt;V600&lt;/sup&gt;-mutant CM cells. In addition, our results indicated that the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor A was down-regulated following Spry1&lt;sup&gt;KO&lt;/sup&gt;, possibly as a result of mitochondrial dysfunction. Consistently, we observed a substantial impairment of angiogenesis, as assessed by the tube formation assay in vitro and the immunofluorescence staining of CD31 in vivo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Altogether, these findings identify Spry1 as a potential regulator of mitochondrial homeostasis, and uncover a previously unrecognized role for Spry1 in regulating nuclear HIF1α expression and angiogenesis in BRAF&lt;sup&gt;V600&lt;/sup&gt;-mutant CM.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Significance: &lt;/strong&gt;Spry1&lt;sup&gt;KO&lt;/sup&gt; profoundly impacts on mitochondria homeostasis, while concomitantly impairing HIF1α-d","PeriodicalId":50199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Soluble TIM-3, likely produced by myeloid cells, predicts resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
IF 11.4 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-025-03293-y
Ivan Pourmir, Nadine Benhamouda, Thi Tran, Hugo Roux, Joséphine Pineau, Alain Gey, Andyara Munoz, Nesrine Mabrouk, Nicolas Epaillard, Virginie Verkarre, Yann-Alexandre Vano, Eric Tartour, Stéphane Oudard

Background: Immunotherapies targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4 are key components of the treatment of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC). However, they have distinct safety profiles and resistance to treatment can occur. We assess soluble TIM-3 (sTIM-3) in the plasma of mccRCC patients as a potential theranostic biomarker, as well as its source and biological significance.

Methods: We analyzed the association between sTIM-3 and overall survival (OS), tumor response, and common clinical and biological factors in two mccRCC cohorts treated with anti-PD-1 (nivolumab, n = 27), anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-1 + anti-CTLA-4 (nivolumab + ipilimumab - N + I, n = 124). The origin and role of sTIM-3 are studied on tumor and blood samples, using multiplex immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry, as well as analyses of publicly available single-cell transcriptomic (scRNAseq) and mass cytometry data.

Results: sTIM-3 is significantly elevated in the plasma of treatment-naive mccRCC. It shows distinct associations with survival on anti-PD-1 vs anti-PD-1 + anti-CTLA-4: under nivolumab monotherapy, sTIM-3-high patients have a significantly reduced survival compared to sTIM-3-low patients, while they have similar survival probabilities under N + I. sTIM-3 is independent from other clinical and biological factors. Myeloid immune cells appear as the prominent source of sTIM-3, which may indicate their dysfunctional role in the antitumor immune response.

Conclusions: sTIM-3 appears to be a promising biomarker for optimizing treatment strategies in ccRCC as well as a potential therapeutic target, linked with to the immune myeloid compartment. Future investigations are warranted in patients treated with anti-PD-1 + antiangiogenic therapies.

{"title":"Soluble TIM-3, likely produced by myeloid cells, predicts resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.","authors":"Ivan Pourmir, Nadine Benhamouda, Thi Tran, Hugo Roux, Joséphine Pineau, Alain Gey, Andyara Munoz, Nesrine Mabrouk, Nicolas Epaillard, Virginie Verkarre, Yann-Alexandre Vano, Eric Tartour, Stéphane Oudard","doi":"10.1186/s13046-025-03293-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13046-025-03293-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immunotherapies targeting PD-1 and CTLA-4 are key components of the treatment of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC). However, they have distinct safety profiles and resistance to treatment can occur. We assess soluble TIM-3 (sTIM-3) in the plasma of mccRCC patients as a potential theranostic biomarker, as well as its source and biological significance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the association between sTIM-3 and overall survival (OS), tumor response, and common clinical and biological factors in two mccRCC cohorts treated with anti-PD-1 (nivolumab, n = 27), anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-1 + anti-CTLA-4 (nivolumab + ipilimumab - N + I, n = 124). The origin and role of sTIM-3 are studied on tumor and blood samples, using multiplex immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry, as well as analyses of publicly available single-cell transcriptomic (scRNAseq) and mass cytometry data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>sTIM-3 is significantly elevated in the plasma of treatment-naive mccRCC. It shows distinct associations with survival on anti-PD-1 vs anti-PD-1 + anti-CTLA-4: under nivolumab monotherapy, sTIM-3-high patients have a significantly reduced survival compared to sTIM-3-low patients, while they have similar survival probabilities under N + I. sTIM-3 is independent from other clinical and biological factors. Myeloid immune cells appear as the prominent source of sTIM-3, which may indicate their dysfunctional role in the antitumor immune response.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>sTIM-3 appears to be a promising biomarker for optimizing treatment strategies in ccRCC as well as a potential therapeutic target, linked with to the immune myeloid compartment. Future investigations are warranted in patients treated with anti-PD-1 + antiangiogenic therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143426584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 15 A (PPP1R15A) promoted the progression of gastric cancer by activating cell autophagy under energy stress.
IF 11.4 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-13 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-025-03320-y
Yingnan Cui, Xueyuan Cao, Yangyu Zhang, Chenhao Fu, Dongming Li, Yuanlin Sun, Yuzheng Zhang, Tingshuang Xu, Tetsuya Tsukamoto, Donghui Cao, Jing Jiang

Background: Glucose metabolism plays a critical role in tumor progression. When glucose intake is insufficient and the tumor's growth rate exceeds its energy supply, tumor cells typically adapt and overcome the energy stress through compensatory mechanisms to maintain the survival of tumor cells, which may also be related to tumor recurrence or metastasis.

Methods: Different concentrations of glucose were selected as the basis for the energy stress model of gastric cancer. Then CCK-8 and flow cytometry were used to detect its effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by RNA sequencing and the regulated pathways were identified by gene set enrichment analysis. The regulatory relationship between the gene PPP1R15A and its transcription factor JUN was proved by ChIP-qPCR and dual-luciferase reporter assay. The gain and loss of function assays were conducted to examine the effects of PPP1R15A under energy stress in vivo and in vitro. Potential regulatory mechanisms of PPP1R15A were further analyzed through a combination of online databases, RNA sequencing, and metabolite sequencing. The regulation of PPP1R15A on cell autophagy under energy stress was detected by western blot, transmission electron microscope, mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenovirus and laser scanning confocal microscopy.

Results: PPP1R15A and the transcription factor JUN were significantly upregulated by glucose deprivation (0 mM vs. 25 mM), JUN combined with the promoter of PPP1R15A and activated its expression. Both PPP1R15A and JUN were highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and were independent risk factors for prognosis in the gastric cancer cohort. Overexpression of PPP1R15A promoted cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and was involved in cell cycle arrest. Further RNA and metabolite sequencing suggested that PPP1R15A was associated with cell autophagy. In vitro experiments confirmed that both glucose deprivation and overexpression of PPP1R15A promoted the biosynthesis of autolysosome and autophagosome, and activated the cleavage of LC3 complex in gastric cancer cells. Moreover, PPP1R15A knockdown inhibited cell autophagy induced by glucose deprivation.

Conclusions: PPP1R15A sustained the survival of gastric cancer cells by regulating autophagy under energy stress to resist or adapt to harsh environments.

{"title":"Protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 15 A (PPP1R15A) promoted the progression of gastric cancer by activating cell autophagy under energy stress.","authors":"Yingnan Cui, Xueyuan Cao, Yangyu Zhang, Chenhao Fu, Dongming Li, Yuanlin Sun, Yuzheng Zhang, Tingshuang Xu, Tetsuya Tsukamoto, Donghui Cao, Jing Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s13046-025-03320-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13046-025-03320-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Glucose metabolism plays a critical role in tumor progression. When glucose intake is insufficient and the tumor's growth rate exceeds its energy supply, tumor cells typically adapt and overcome the energy stress through compensatory mechanisms to maintain the survival of tumor cells, which may also be related to tumor recurrence or metastasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Different concentrations of glucose were selected as the basis for the energy stress model of gastric cancer. Then CCK-8 and flow cytometry were used to detect its effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened by RNA sequencing and the regulated pathways were identified by gene set enrichment analysis. The regulatory relationship between the gene PPP1R15A and its transcription factor JUN was proved by ChIP-qPCR and dual-luciferase reporter assay. The gain and loss of function assays were conducted to examine the effects of PPP1R15A under energy stress in vivo and in vitro. Potential regulatory mechanisms of PPP1R15A were further analyzed through a combination of online databases, RNA sequencing, and metabolite sequencing. The regulation of PPP1R15A on cell autophagy under energy stress was detected by western blot, transmission electron microscope, mRFP-GFP-LC3 adenovirus and laser scanning confocal microscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PPP1R15A and the transcription factor JUN were significantly upregulated by glucose deprivation (0 mM vs. 25 mM), JUN combined with the promoter of PPP1R15A and activated its expression. Both PPP1R15A and JUN were highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and were independent risk factors for prognosis in the gastric cancer cohort. Overexpression of PPP1R15A promoted cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and was involved in cell cycle arrest. Further RNA and metabolite sequencing suggested that PPP1R15A was associated with cell autophagy. In vitro experiments confirmed that both glucose deprivation and overexpression of PPP1R15A promoted the biosynthesis of autolysosome and autophagosome, and activated the cleavage of LC3 complex in gastric cancer cells. Moreover, PPP1R15A knockdown inhibited cell autophagy induced by glucose deprivation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PPP1R15A sustained the survival of gastric cancer cells by regulating autophagy under energy stress to resist or adapt to harsh environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":50199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11823012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A scoping review of factors influencing the implementation of liquid biopsy for cancer care.
IF 11.4 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-025-03322-w
Samran Sheriff, Maree Saba, Romika Patel, Georgia Fisher, Tanja Schroeder, Gaston Arnolda, Dan Luo, Lydia Warburton, Elin Gray, Georgina Long, Jeffrey Braithwaite, Helen Rizos, Louise Ann Ellis

Background: Liquid biopsy (LB) offers a promising, minimally invasive alternative to traditional tissue biopsies in cancer care, enabling real-time monitoring and personalized treatment. Despite its potential, the routine implementation of LB in clinical practice faces significant challenges. This scoping review examines the barriers and facilitators influencing the implementation of liquid biopsies into standard cancer care.

Methods: Four academic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science) were systematically searched without language restrictions. We included peer-reviewed articles that were published between January 2019 and March 2024 that focused on the implementation of LB in cancer care or described barriers and facilitators to its implementation. Data relevant to the review objective, including key article characteristics; barriers and facilitators of implementation; and recommendations for advancement or optimisation; were extracted and analysed using thematic and visual network analyses.

Results: The majority of the included articles were narrative review articles (84%), with most from China (24.2%) and the United States (20%). Thematic analysis identified four main categories and their associated barriers and facilitators to the implementation of LB in cancer care: (1) Laboratory and personnel requirements; (2) Disease specificity; (3) Biomarker-based liquid biopsy; and (4) Policy and regulation. The majority of barriers identified were concentrated in the pre-analytical phase, highlighting the lack of standardization in LB technologies and outcomes.

Conclusions: Through a thematic analysis of the barriers and facilitators to LB implementation, we present an integrated tool designed to encourage the standardization of testing methods for clinical practice guidelines in the field.

{"title":"A scoping review of factors influencing the implementation of liquid biopsy for cancer care.","authors":"Samran Sheriff, Maree Saba, Romika Patel, Georgia Fisher, Tanja Schroeder, Gaston Arnolda, Dan Luo, Lydia Warburton, Elin Gray, Georgina Long, Jeffrey Braithwaite, Helen Rizos, Louise Ann Ellis","doi":"10.1186/s13046-025-03322-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13046-025-03322-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liquid biopsy (LB) offers a promising, minimally invasive alternative to traditional tissue biopsies in cancer care, enabling real-time monitoring and personalized treatment. Despite its potential, the routine implementation of LB in clinical practice faces significant challenges. This scoping review examines the barriers and facilitators influencing the implementation of liquid biopsies into standard cancer care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four academic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science) were systematically searched without language restrictions. We included peer-reviewed articles that were published between January 2019 and March 2024 that focused on the implementation of LB in cancer care or described barriers and facilitators to its implementation. Data relevant to the review objective, including key article characteristics; barriers and facilitators of implementation; and recommendations for advancement or optimisation; were extracted and analysed using thematic and visual network analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of the included articles were narrative review articles (84%), with most from China (24.2%) and the United States (20%). Thematic analysis identified four main categories and their associated barriers and facilitators to the implementation of LB in cancer care: (1) Laboratory and personnel requirements; (2) Disease specificity; (3) Biomarker-based liquid biopsy; and (4) Policy and regulation. The majority of barriers identified were concentrated in the pre-analytical phase, highlighting the lack of standardization in LB technologies and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Through a thematic analysis of the barriers and facilitators to LB implementation, we present an integrated tool designed to encourage the standardization of testing methods for clinical practice guidelines in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":50199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11817833/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An IgE antibody targeting HER2 identified by clonal selection restricts breast cancer growth via immune-stimulating activities.
IF 11.4 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-025-03319-5
Lais C G F Palhares, Melanie Grandits, Katie Stoker, Jitesh Chauhan, Heng Sheng Sow, Gilbert O Fruhwirth, Sophia Tsoka, James Birtley, Leanne Partington, Tim Wilson, Elizabeth Hardaker, Sophia N Karagiannis, Heather J Bax, Kevin FitzGerald

Background: Tumor-targeting IgE antibodies have elicited potent tumor-restricting effects by recruiting immune effector mechanisms. However, a dedicated platform for the generation, selection and evaluation of novel IgEs based on target antigen recognition and functional profiles has not been reported.

Methods: By establishing an IgE class antibody therapeutic design platform to allow selection of lead candidates, we generated a panel of IgEs recognising the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), overexpressed in 15-20% of breast cancers. From 1840 phage display-generated variable region sequences panned against HER2, we engineered 30 full length IgE antibodies. We selected three clones based on biophysical properties, reactivity to HER2 + cancer cells, epitope reactivity and Fc-mediated anti-tumor profiles in vitro. Clones with cross-reactivity to rat HER2 were selected to allow functional evaluations in a fully immunocompetent syngeneic HER2 + rat breast cancer model.

Results: IgE antibodies induced degranulation and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against human and rat HER2-expressing tumor cells in vitro. IgE antibody 26 demonstrated anti-tumor activity in a syngeneic HER2 + rat model, and a human HER2 + breast cancer xenograft model in mice reconstituted with human immune cells. Treatment was associated with enhanced immune cell infiltration and pro-inflammatory immune signatures, and downregulated cancer progression signaling pathways, in the tumor microenvironment.

Conclusions: This study pioneers the design and generation of anti-HER2 IgE lead antibody candidates with immune-stimulating and tumor-restricting effects. The present work may pave the way for antibody engineering therapeutic opportunities for challenging-to-treat HER2-expressing cancers.

{"title":"An IgE antibody targeting HER2 identified by clonal selection restricts breast cancer growth via immune-stimulating activities.","authors":"Lais C G F Palhares, Melanie Grandits, Katie Stoker, Jitesh Chauhan, Heng Sheng Sow, Gilbert O Fruhwirth, Sophia Tsoka, James Birtley, Leanne Partington, Tim Wilson, Elizabeth Hardaker, Sophia N Karagiannis, Heather J Bax, Kevin FitzGerald","doi":"10.1186/s13046-025-03319-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13046-025-03319-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tumor-targeting IgE antibodies have elicited potent tumor-restricting effects by recruiting immune effector mechanisms. However, a dedicated platform for the generation, selection and evaluation of novel IgEs based on target antigen recognition and functional profiles has not been reported.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>By establishing an IgE class antibody therapeutic design platform to allow selection of lead candidates, we generated a panel of IgEs recognising the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), overexpressed in 15-20% of breast cancers. From 1840 phage display-generated variable region sequences panned against HER2, we engineered 30 full length IgE antibodies. We selected three clones based on biophysical properties, reactivity to HER2 + cancer cells, epitope reactivity and Fc-mediated anti-tumor profiles in vitro. Clones with cross-reactivity to rat HER2 were selected to allow functional evaluations in a fully immunocompetent syngeneic HER2 + rat breast cancer model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IgE antibodies induced degranulation and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against human and rat HER2-expressing tumor cells in vitro. IgE antibody 26 demonstrated anti-tumor activity in a syngeneic HER2 + rat model, and a human HER2 + breast cancer xenograft model in mice reconstituted with human immune cells. Treatment was associated with enhanced immune cell infiltration and pro-inflammatory immune signatures, and downregulated cancer progression signaling pathways, in the tumor microenvironment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study pioneers the design and generation of anti-HER2 IgE lead antibody candidates with immune-stimulating and tumor-restricting effects. The present work may pave the way for antibody engineering therapeutic opportunities for challenging-to-treat HER2-expressing cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":50199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11818027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A combination of PD-1 and TIGIT immune checkpoint inhibitors elicits a strong anti-tumour response in mesothelioma.
IF 11.4 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-025-03314-w
Huaikai Shi, Ta-Kun Yu, Ben Johnson, Sakthi Priya Selvamani, Ling Zhuang, Kenneth Lee, Sonja Klebe, Samuel Smith, Kirby Wong, Kate Chen, Georgina Clark, Emma M Rath, Holly Pearson, David Gallego Ortega, Anthony Linton, Steven Kao, Pablo Silveira, Yuen Yee Cheng

Background: Finding effective and curative treatment for mesothelioma remains challenging. While the introduction of immunotherapy combinations using ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) and nivolumab (anti-PD-1) have offered hope for some patients, a large proportion of mesothelioma cases, particularly the epithelial subtype, have minimal benefit from this.

Methods: Our study was inspired by the results of the AdvanTG-105 phase I clinical trial, which showed partial response with anti-TIGIT/PD-1 treatment in two epithelioid mesothelioma patients. Here, we conducted a comprehensive in vivo experiment involving eight animal treatment groups administered with either PBS (control group), cisplatin/pemetrexed, anti-PD-1, anti-PD-1 + anti-CTLA-4, anti-TIGIT, anti-PD-1 + anti-TIGIT, anti-PD-1 + anti-CTLA-4 + anti-TIGIT, and cisplatin/pemetrexed + anti-PD-1 + anti-TIGIT.

Results: Our results indicate that animals receiving anti-PD-1 + TIGIT exhibited a superior anti-tumour response, with 90% of the treatment group exhibiting an objective response, compared to 60%, 20% and 40% for the standard-of-care anti-PD-1 + CTLA-4, single-agent anti-PD-1 and cisplatin/pemetrexed treatment groups, respectively. Animals receiving anti-PD-1 + TIGIT displayed a significantly reduced average tumour size, with improved weight and survival rates, and fewer adverse effects than those receiving anti-PD-1 + CTLA-4 treatment. Anti-PD-1 + TIGIT-treated animals achieved complete tumour regression, with heightened effector CD8 + T cell and NK cell activity, remaining tumour-free for over 300 days without immune-related adverse events. After initial tumour elimination, anti-PD-1 + TIGIT-treated animals showed no tumour regrowth in the rechallenge experiment.

Conclusion: These findings provide rationale for the development of an anti-PD-1 + TIGIT combination immunotherapy trial for mesothelioma patients.

{"title":"A combination of PD-1 and TIGIT immune checkpoint inhibitors elicits a strong anti-tumour response in mesothelioma.","authors":"Huaikai Shi, Ta-Kun Yu, Ben Johnson, Sakthi Priya Selvamani, Ling Zhuang, Kenneth Lee, Sonja Klebe, Samuel Smith, Kirby Wong, Kate Chen, Georgina Clark, Emma M Rath, Holly Pearson, David Gallego Ortega, Anthony Linton, Steven Kao, Pablo Silveira, Yuen Yee Cheng","doi":"10.1186/s13046-025-03314-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13046-025-03314-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Finding effective and curative treatment for mesothelioma remains challenging. While the introduction of immunotherapy combinations using ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4) and nivolumab (anti-PD-1) have offered hope for some patients, a large proportion of mesothelioma cases, particularly the epithelial subtype, have minimal benefit from this.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study was inspired by the results of the AdvanTG-105 phase I clinical trial, which showed partial response with anti-TIGIT/PD-1 treatment in two epithelioid mesothelioma patients. Here, we conducted a comprehensive in vivo experiment involving eight animal treatment groups administered with either PBS (control group), cisplatin/pemetrexed, anti-PD-1, anti-PD-1 + anti-CTLA-4, anti-TIGIT, anti-PD-1 + anti-TIGIT, anti-PD-1 + anti-CTLA-4 + anti-TIGIT, and cisplatin/pemetrexed + anti-PD-1 + anti-TIGIT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results indicate that animals receiving anti-PD-1 + TIGIT exhibited a superior anti-tumour response, with 90% of the treatment group exhibiting an objective response, compared to 60%, 20% and 40% for the standard-of-care anti-PD-1 + CTLA-4, single-agent anti-PD-1 and cisplatin/pemetrexed treatment groups, respectively. Animals receiving anti-PD-1 + TIGIT displayed a significantly reduced average tumour size, with improved weight and survival rates, and fewer adverse effects than those receiving anti-PD-1 + CTLA-4 treatment. Anti-PD-1 + TIGIT-treated animals achieved complete tumour regression, with heightened effector CD8 + T cell and NK cell activity, remaining tumour-free for over 300 days without immune-related adverse events. After initial tumour elimination, anti-PD-1 + TIGIT-treated animals showed no tumour regrowth in the rechallenge experiment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide rationale for the development of an anti-PD-1 + TIGIT combination immunotherapy trial for mesothelioma patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11816573/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143411380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ELK3-CYFIP2 axis-mediated actin remodeling modulates metastasis and natural killer cell responses in triple-negative breast cancer.
IF 11.4 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-025-03309-7
Seung Hee Choi, Hye Jung Jang, Joo Dong Park, Ki Seo Ryu, Eunchong Maeng, Seohyun Cho, Hail Park, Hae-Yun Jung, Kyung-Soon Park

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive, highly metastatic disease with a poor prognosis. E26 transformation-specific transcription factor (ELK3) is highly expressed in TNBCs, and functions as a regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and immune responses. Because metastatic migration and immune evasion by TNBC cells are critical factors for successful metastasis, unravelling the underlying mechanisms and developing effective immunotherapeutic strategies is urgent. Here, TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T were examined to determine the relationship between ELK3 expression and filopodia protrusion on the cell membrane, as well as actin accumulation at contact sites with natural killer (NK) cells. RNA-sequencing analysis and molecular experiments were conducted to identify and validate downstream target genes of ELK3 associated with migration and attachment of TNBC cells. The immune response of TNBC to NK cells was evaluated through imaging and flow cytometry analyses. Clinical significance was assessed through Kaplan-Meier analysis of survival outcomes of TNBC patients. Gene expression profiling and molecular analysis revealed that oncogenic ELK3 directly suppresses expression of cytoplasmic FMR1 interacting protein2 (CYFIP2), a repressor of actin accumulation. Further molecular and pharmacological analyses confirmed that the ELK3-CYFIP2 axis serves a dual role in TNBC cell lines by (1) controlling filopodia-mediated migration and adhesion by regulating actin accumulation, and (2) regulating sensitivity to NK cells by modulating actin accumulation at contact sites. Kaplan-Meier analysis suggested that ELK3-CYFIP2 axis is associated with survival of TNBC patients, and that ELK3 suppresses transcription of CYFIP2. Thus, the ELK3-CYFIP2 axis plays a pivotal role in regulating actin, emphasizing its significance in controlling both cancer cell migration and NK cell responses in TNBC.

{"title":"ELK3-CYFIP2 axis-mediated actin remodeling modulates metastasis and natural killer cell responses in triple-negative breast cancer.","authors":"Seung Hee Choi, Hye Jung Jang, Joo Dong Park, Ki Seo Ryu, Eunchong Maeng, Seohyun Cho, Hail Park, Hae-Yun Jung, Kyung-Soon Park","doi":"10.1186/s13046-025-03309-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13046-025-03309-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive, highly metastatic disease with a poor prognosis. E26 transformation-specific transcription factor (ELK3) is highly expressed in TNBCs, and functions as a regulator of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and immune responses. Because metastatic migration and immune evasion by TNBC cells are critical factors for successful metastasis, unravelling the underlying mechanisms and developing effective immunotherapeutic strategies is urgent. Here, TNBC cell lines MDA-MB-231 and Hs578T were examined to determine the relationship between ELK3 expression and filopodia protrusion on the cell membrane, as well as actin accumulation at contact sites with natural killer (NK) cells. RNA-sequencing analysis and molecular experiments were conducted to identify and validate downstream target genes of ELK3 associated with migration and attachment of TNBC cells. The immune response of TNBC to NK cells was evaluated through imaging and flow cytometry analyses. Clinical significance was assessed through Kaplan-Meier analysis of survival outcomes of TNBC patients. Gene expression profiling and molecular analysis revealed that oncogenic ELK3 directly suppresses expression of cytoplasmic FMR1 interacting protein2 (CYFIP2), a repressor of actin accumulation. Further molecular and pharmacological analyses confirmed that the ELK3-CYFIP2 axis serves a dual role in TNBC cell lines by (1) controlling filopodia-mediated migration and adhesion by regulating actin accumulation, and (2) regulating sensitivity to NK cells by modulating actin accumulation at contact sites. Kaplan-Meier analysis suggested that ELK3-CYFIP2 axis is associated with survival of TNBC patients, and that ELK3 suppresses transcription of CYFIP2. Thus, the ELK3-CYFIP2 axis plays a pivotal role in regulating actin, emphasizing its significance in controlling both cancer cell migration and NK cell responses in TNBC.</p>","PeriodicalId":50199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Tumor secretome shapes the immune landscape during cancer progression.
IF 11.4 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-025-03302-0
Jianqiang Yang, Sijia Tang, Nabil F Saba, Chloe Shay, Yong Teng

The focus of cancer immunotherapy has traditionally been on immune cells and tumor cells themselves, often overlooking the tumor secretome. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationship between tumor cells and the immune response in cancer progression. It highlights the pivotal role of the tumor secretome - a diverse set of molecules secreted by tumor cells - in significantly influencing immune modulation, promoting immunosuppression, and facilitating tumor survival. In addition to elucidating these complex interactions, this review discusses current clinical trials targeting the tumor secretome and highlights their potential to advance personalized medicine strategies. These trials aim to overcome the challenges of the tumor microenvironment by designing therapies tailored to the secretome profiles of individual cancer patients. In addition, advances in proteomic techniques are highlighted as essential tools for unraveling the complexity of the tumor secretome, paving the way for improved cancer treatment outcomes.

{"title":"Tumor secretome shapes the immune landscape during cancer progression.","authors":"Jianqiang Yang, Sijia Tang, Nabil F Saba, Chloe Shay, Yong Teng","doi":"10.1186/s13046-025-03302-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13046-025-03302-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The focus of cancer immunotherapy has traditionally been on immune cells and tumor cells themselves, often overlooking the tumor secretome. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the intricate relationship between tumor cells and the immune response in cancer progression. It highlights the pivotal role of the tumor secretome - a diverse set of molecules secreted by tumor cells - in significantly influencing immune modulation, promoting immunosuppression, and facilitating tumor survival. In addition to elucidating these complex interactions, this review discusses current clinical trials targeting the tumor secretome and highlights their potential to advance personalized medicine strategies. These trials aim to overcome the challenges of the tumor microenvironment by designing therapies tailored to the secretome profiles of individual cancer patients. In addition, advances in proteomic techniques are highlighted as essential tools for unraveling the complexity of the tumor secretome, paving the way for improved cancer treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11809007/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction: Ibrutinib, a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor, exhibits antitumoral activity and induces autophagy in glioblastoma.
IF 11.4 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-025-03304-y
Jin Wang, Xiaoyang Liu, Yongzhi Hong, Songtao Wang, Pin Chen, Aihua Gu, Xiaoyuan Guo, Peng Zhao
{"title":"Correction: Ibrutinib, a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor, exhibits antitumoral activity and induces autophagy in glioblastoma.","authors":"Jin Wang, Xiaoyang Liu, Yongzhi Hong, Songtao Wang, Pin Chen, Aihua Gu, Xiaoyuan Guo, Peng Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s13046-025-03304-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13046-025-03304-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11809083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dysbiosis and extraintestinal cancers.
IF 11.4 1区 医学 Q1 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-025-03313-x
Ruishan He, Pingqian Qi, Linzhen Shu, Yidan Ding, Peng Zeng, Guosheng Wen, Ying Xiong, Huan Deng

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in safeguarding host health and driving the progression of intestinal diseases. Despite recent advances in the remarkable correlation between dysbiosis and extraintestinal cancers, the underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated. Pathogenic microbiota, along with their metabolites, can undermine the integrity of the gut barrier through inflammatory or metabolic pathways, leading to increased permeability and the translocation of pathogens. The dissemination of pathogens through the circulation may contribute to the establishment of an immune-suppressive environment that promotes carcinogenesis in extraintestinal organs either directly or indirectly. The oncogenic cascade always engages in the disruption of hormonal regulation and inflammatory responses, the induction of genomic instability and mutations, and the dysregulation of adult stem cell proliferation. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the existing evidence that points to the potential role of dysbiosis in the malignant transformation of extraintestinal organs such as the liver, breast, lung, and pancreas. Additionally, we delve into the limitations inherent in current methodologies, particularly the challenges associated with differentiating low loads gut-derived microbiome within tumors from potential sample contamination or symbiotic microorganisms. Although still controversial, an understanding of the contribution of translocated intestinal microbiota and their metabolites to the pathological continuum from chronic inflammation to tumors could offer a novel foundation for the development of targeted therapeutics.

{"title":"Dysbiosis and extraintestinal cancers.","authors":"Ruishan He, Pingqian Qi, Linzhen Shu, Yidan Ding, Peng Zeng, Guosheng Wen, Ying Xiong, Huan Deng","doi":"10.1186/s13046-025-03313-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13046-025-03313-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in safeguarding host health and driving the progression of intestinal diseases. Despite recent advances in the remarkable correlation between dysbiosis and extraintestinal cancers, the underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated. Pathogenic microbiota, along with their metabolites, can undermine the integrity of the gut barrier through inflammatory or metabolic pathways, leading to increased permeability and the translocation of pathogens. The dissemination of pathogens through the circulation may contribute to the establishment of an immune-suppressive environment that promotes carcinogenesis in extraintestinal organs either directly or indirectly. The oncogenic cascade always engages in the disruption of hormonal regulation and inflammatory responses, the induction of genomic instability and mutations, and the dysregulation of adult stem cell proliferation. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the existing evidence that points to the potential role of dysbiosis in the malignant transformation of extraintestinal organs such as the liver, breast, lung, and pancreas. Additionally, we delve into the limitations inherent in current methodologies, particularly the challenges associated with differentiating low loads gut-derived microbiome within tumors from potential sample contamination or symbiotic microorganisms. Although still controversial, an understanding of the contribution of translocated intestinal microbiota and their metabolites to the pathological continuum from chronic inflammation to tumors could offer a novel foundation for the development of targeted therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":50199,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research","volume":"44 1","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research
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