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Inverse spectral problem for the Schrödinger operator on the square lattice 方格上薛定谔算子的逆谱问题
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6420/ad3332
Dongjie Wu, Chuan-Fu Yang, Natalia Pavlovna Bondarenko
We consider an inverse spectral problem on a quantum graph associated with the square lattice. Assuming that the potentials on the edges are compactly supported and symmetric, we show that the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map for a boundary value problem on a finite part of the graph uniquely determines the potentials. We obtain a reconstruction procedure, which is based on the reduction of the differential Schrödinger operator to a discrete one. As a corollary of the main results, it is proved that the S-matrix for all energies in any given open set in the continuous spectrum uniquely specifies the potentials on the square lattice.
我们考虑了与方阵相关的量子图上的反谱问题。假设边上的势是紧凑支撑和对称的,我们证明了图的有限部分上边界值问题的 Dirichlet 到 Neumann 映射唯一地决定了势。我们获得了一种基于将微分薛定谔算子还原为离散算子的重构程序。作为主要结果的一个推论,我们证明了连续谱中任何给定开集的所有能量的 S 矩阵唯一地指定了方格上的势。
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引用次数: 0
Towards optimal sensor placement for inverse problems in spaces of measures 在度量空间中实现逆问题的最佳传感器布局
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6420/ad2cf8
Phuoc-Truong Huynh, Konstantin Pieper, Daniel Walter
The objective of this work is to quantify the reconstruction error in sparse inverse problems with measures and stochastic noise, motivated by optimal sensor placement. To be useful in this context, the error quantities must be explicit in the sensor configuration and robust with respect to the source, yet relatively easy to compute in practice, compared to a direct evaluation of the error by a large number of samples. In particular, we consider the identification of a measure consisting of an unknown linear combination of point sources from a finite number of measurements contaminated by Gaussian noise. The statistical framework for recovery relies on two main ingredients: first, a convex but non-smooth variational Tikhonov point estimator over the space of Radon measures and, second, a suitable mean-squared error based on its Hellinger–Kantorovich distance to the ground truth. To quantify the error, we employ a non-degenerate source condition as well as careful linearization arguments to derive a computable upper bound. This leads to asymptotically sharp error estimates in expectation that are explicit in the sensor configuration. Thus they can be used to estimate the expected reconstruction error for a given sensor configuration and guide the placement of sensors in sparse inverse problems.
这项工作的目的是量化具有度量和随机噪声的稀疏反问题中的重建误差,其动机是优化传感器布置。要在这种情况下发挥作用,误差量必须在传感器配置中显式存在,并且对信号源具有鲁棒性,同时与通过大量样本直接评估误差相比,在实践中相对容易计算。具体而言,我们考虑从受到高斯噪声污染的有限数量的测量结果中识别由未知点源线性组合组成的测量结果。恢复的统计框架依赖于两个主要因素:第一,Radon 测量空间上的凸但非平滑的变分 Tikhonov 点估计器;第二,基于其与地面实况的海灵格-康托洛维奇距离的适当均方误差。为了量化误差,我们采用了非退化源条件以及细致的线性化论证,得出了一个可计算的上界。这就得出了渐近尖锐的期望误差估计值,这些误差估计值在传感器配置中是明确的。因此,它们可用于估计给定传感器配置的预期重建误差,并指导稀疏逆问题中传感器的布置。
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引用次数: 0
A stochastic ADMM algorithm for large-scale ptychography with weighted difference of anisotropic and isotropic total variation 利用各向异性和各向同性总变化的加权差值进行大规模分层成像的随机 ADMM 算法
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-03-20 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6420/ad2cfa
Kevin Bui, Zichao (Wendy) Di
Ptychography, a prevalent imaging technique in fields such as biology and optics, poses substantial challenges in its reconstruction process, characterized by nonconvexity and large-scale requirements. This paper presents a novel approach by introducing a class of variational models that incorporate the weighted difference of anisotropic–isotropic total variation. This formulation enables the handling of measurements corrupted by Gaussian or Poisson noise, effectively addressing the nonconvex challenge. To tackle the large-scale nature of the problem, we propose an efficient stochastic alternating direction method of multipliers, which guarantees convergence under mild conditions. Numerical experiments validate the superiority of our approach by demonstrating its capability to successfully reconstruct complex-valued images, especially in recovering the phase components even in the presence of highly corrupted measurements.
各向同性成像技术是生物学和光学等领域普遍采用的成像技术,其重建过程具有非凸性和大规模要求的特点,给重建工作带来了巨大挑战。本文提出了一种新方法,即引入一类包含各向异性-各向异性总变化加权差的变分模型。这种表述方式能够处理被高斯或泊松噪声干扰的测量结果,有效地解决了非凸挑战。为了解决该问题的大规模性质,我们提出了一种高效的随机交替方向乘法,它能保证在温和条件下的收敛性。数值实验验证了我们的方法的优越性,证明它能够成功地重建复值图像,尤其是在恢复相位分量方面,即使存在高度损坏的测量结果。
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引用次数: 0
Stable determination of an impedance obstacle by a single far-field measurement 通过单次远场测量稳定确定阻抗障碍物
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6420/ad3087
Huaian Diao, Hongyu Liu, Longyue Tao
We establish sharp stability estimates of logarithmic type in determining an impedance obstacle in R2. The obstacle is the polygonal shape and the surface impedance parameter is non-zero constant. We establish the stability results using a single far-field pattern, constituting a longstanding problem in the inverse scattering theory. This is the first stability result in the literature in determining an impedance obstacle by a single far-field measurement. The stability in simultaneously determining the obstacle and the boundary impedance is established in terms of the classical Hausdorff distance. Several technical novelties and developments in the mathematical strategy developed for establishing the aforementioned stability results exist. First, the stability analysis is conducted around a corner point in a micro-local manner. Second, our stability estimates establish explicit relationships between the obstacle’s geometric configurations and the wave field’s vanishing order at the corner point. Third, we develop novel error propagation techniques to tackle singularities of the wave field at a corner with the impedance boundary condition.
在确定 R2 中的阻抗障碍时,我们建立了对数型的尖锐稳定性估计。障碍物为多边形,表面阻抗参数为非零常数。我们使用单一远场模式建立了稳定性结果,这构成了反向散射理论中的一个长期问题。这是文献中第一个通过单一远场测量确定阻抗障碍物的稳定性结果。同时确定障碍物和边界阻抗的稳定性是根据经典的豪斯多夫距离确定的。为建立上述稳定性结果而开发的数学策略有几项技术创新和发展。首先,稳定性分析是以微观局部的方式围绕角点进行的。其次,我们的稳定性估计在障碍物的几何配置和角点处的波场消失阶数之间建立了明确的关系。第三,我们开发了新颖的误差传播技术,利用阻抗边界条件解决转角处波场的奇异性问题。
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引用次数: 0
A single level set function approach for multiple material-phases applied to full-waveform inversion in the time domain 应用于时域全波形反演的多材料相单一水平集函数方法
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6420/ad2eca
P B de Castro, E C N Silva, E A Fancello
This paper presents a multiple material-phase level-set approach for acoustic full-waveform inversion in the time domain. By using a single level set (LS) function, several level values are used to define virtual boundaries between material phases with different (and known) wave propagation velocities. The aim of the proposed approach is to provide a suitable framework to identify multiple/nested inclusions or a finite number of almost homogeneous sedimentary layers with sharp interfaces between them. The use of a single LS function provides a significant reduction in the number of variables to be identified, when compared with the usual multi-material phase approaches defined by multiple functions, especially for problems with a high number of degrees of freedom. Numerical experiments show satisfactory results in identifying simultaneously different interfaces. Cases with and without inverse crime are evaluated, showing that the approach is reasonably robust in dealing with such a condition.
本文介绍了一种用于时域声学全波形反演的多材料相位水平集方法。通过使用单电平集(LS)函数,使用多个电平值来定义具有不同(和已知)波传播速度的材料相之间的虚拟边界。所提议方法的目的是提供一个合适的框架,以识别多层/嵌套夹杂物或数量有限的几乎均质的沉积层(它们之间有尖锐的界面)。与通常由多个函数定义的多物质相位方法相比,使用单一 LS 函数可显著减少需要识别的变量数量,特别是对于自由度较高的问题。数值实验表明,同时识别不同界面的结果令人满意。对有反向犯罪和无反向犯罪的情况进行了评估,结果表明该方法在处理这种情况时相当稳健。
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引用次数: 0
Local data inverse problem for the polyharmonic operator with anisotropic perturbations 具有各向异性扰动的多谐算子的局部数据逆问题
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6420/ad3164
Sombuddha Bhattacharyya, Pranav Kumar
In this article, we study an inverse problem with local data for a linear polyharmonic operator with several lower order tensorial perturbations. We consider our domain to have an inaccessible portion of the boundary where neither the input can be prescribed nor the output can be measured. We prove the unique determination of all the tensorial coefficients of the operator from the knowledge of the Dirichlet and Neumann map on the accessible part of the boundary, under suitable geometric assumptions on the domain.
在本文中,我们研究了一个线性多谐算子的局部数据逆问题,该算子具有多个低阶张量扰动。我们认为我们的领域有一个无法进入的边界部分,在该部分既无法规定输入,也无法测量输出。我们证明了在适当的几何假设条件下,根据对边界可进入部分的狄利克特图和诺依曼图的了解,可以唯一确定算子的所有张量系数。
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引用次数: 0
Reconstruction of degenerate conductivity region for parabolic equations 抛物方程退化传导区域的重构
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6420/ad308a
Piermarco Cannarsa, Anna Doubova, Masahiro Yamamoto
We consider an inverse problem of reconstructing a degeneracy point in the diffusion coefficient in a one-dimensional parabolic equation by measuring the normal derivative on one side of the domain boundary. We analyze the sensitivity of the inverse problem to the initial data. We give sufficient conditions on the initial data for uniqueness and stability for the one-point measurement and show some examples of positive and negative results. On the other hand, we present more general uniqueness results, also for the identification of an initial data by measurements distributed over time. The proofs are based on an explicit form of the solution by means of Bessel functions of the first type. Finally, the theoretical results are supported by numerical experiments.
我们考虑了一个反问题,即通过测量域边界一侧的法导数来重建一维抛物方程中扩散系数的退化点。我们分析了逆问题对初始数据的敏感性。我们给出了单点测量在初始数据上唯一性和稳定性的充分条件,并举例说明了正反结果。另一方面,我们提出了更普遍的唯一性结果,也适用于通过随时间分布的测量来识别初始数据。这些证明基于第一类贝塞尔函数的解的明确形式。最后,这些理论结果得到了数值实验的支持。
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引用次数: 0
Stability estimate for an inverse stochastic parabolic problem of determining unknown time-varying boundary * 确定未知时变边界的反随机抛物线问题的稳定性估计 *
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6420/ad2d72
Zhonghua Liao, Qi Lü
Stochastic parabolic equations are widely used to model many random phenomena in natural sciences, such as the temperature distribution in a noisy medium, the dynamics of a chemical reaction in a noisy environment, or the evolution of the density of bacteria population. In many cases, the equation may involve an unknown moving boundary which could represent a change of phase, a reaction front, or an unknown population. In this paper, we focus on an inverse problem with the goal is to determine an unknown moving boundary based on data observed in a specific interior subdomain for the stochastic parabolic equation. The uniqueness of the solution of this problem is proved, and furthermore a stability estimate of log type is derived. This allows us, theoretically, to track and to monitor the behavior of the unknown boundary from observation in an arbitrary interior domain. The primary tool is a new Carleman estimate for stochastic parabolic equations. As a byproduct, we obtain a quantitative unique continuation property for stochastic parabolic equations.
随机抛物方程被广泛用于模拟自然科学中的许多随机现象,如噪声介质中的温度分布、噪声环境中的化学反应动力学或细菌种群密度的演变。在许多情况下,方程可能涉及一个未知的移动边界,它可能代表相变、反应前沿或未知种群。在本文中,我们将重点讨论一个逆问题,其目标是根据在随机抛物方程的特定内部子域中观察到的数据,确定未知的移动边界。本文证明了该问题解的唯一性,并进一步导出了对数型稳定性估计。这使我们能够从理论上跟踪和监测任意内部域中观察到的未知边界的行为。主要工具是随机抛物方程的一种新的卡勒曼估计。作为副产品,我们获得了随机抛物方程的定量唯一延续特性。
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引用次数: 0
Shape and orientation classification of objects based on their electromagnetic signatures using convolutional neural networks 利用卷积神经网络根据电磁特征对物体进行形状和方向分类
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6420/ad2ec9
Yasmina Zaky, Nicolas Fortino, Benoit Miramond, Jean-Yves Dauvignac
This study addresses the classification of objects using their electromagnetic signatures with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) trained on noiseless data. The singularity expansion method (SEM) was applied to establish a compact model that accurately represents the ultra-wideband scattered field (SF) of an object, independently of its orientation and observation angle. To perform the classification, we used a CNN associated with a noise-robust SEM technique to classify different objects based on their characteristic parameters. To validate this approach, we compared the performance of the classifier with and without SEM pre-processing of the SF for different noise levels and for object sizes not present in the training set. Moreover, we propose a procedure that determines the direction of the receiving antenna and orientation of an object based on the residues associated with each complex natural resonance. This classification procedure using pre-processed SEM data is promising and easy to train, especially when generalizing to object sizes not included in the training set.
本研究利用在无噪声数据上训练的卷积神经网络(CNN),利用物体的电磁特征对其进行分类。应用奇异性扩展法(SEM)建立了一个紧凑的模型,该模型能准确地表示物体的超宽带散射场(SF),不受其方向和观测角度的影响。为了进行分类,我们使用了与噪声抑制 SEM 技术相关的 CNN,根据不同物体的特征参数对其进行分类。为了验证这种方法,我们比较了分类器在对 SF 进行 SEM 预处理和未进行 SEM 预处理的情况下,针对不同噪声水平和训练集中不存在的物体大小的性能。此外,我们还提出了一种程序,可根据与每个复杂自然共振相关的残差来确定接收天线的方向和物体的方位。这种使用预处理 SEM 数据的分类程序前景广阔且易于训练,尤其是在对训练集中未包含的物体尺寸进行泛化时。
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引用次数: 0
Inversion of a restricted transverse ray transform with sources on a curve 曲线上有源的受限横向射线变换的反演
IF 2.1 2区 数学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6420/ad2ecb
Rohit Kumar Mishra, Chandni Thakkar
In this paper, a restricted transverse ray transform acting on vector and symmetric m-tensor fields is studied. We developed inversion algorithms using restricted transverse ray transform data to recover symmetric m-tensor fields in R3 and vector fields in Rn. We restrict the transverse ray transform to all lines going through a fixed curve γ that satisfies the Kirillov–Tuy condition. We show that the known restricted data can be used to reconstruct a specific weighted Radon transform of the unknown vector/tensor field’s components, which we then use to explicitly recover the unknown field.
本文研究了作用于矢量场和对称 m 张量场的受限横向射线变换。我们利用受限横射线变换数据开发了反演算法,以恢复 R3 中的对称 m 张量场和 Rn 中的矢量场。我们将横向射线变换限制为通过满足基里洛夫-图伊条件的固定曲线 γ 的所有线段。我们证明,已知的受限数据可用来重建未知矢量/张量场分量的特定加权拉顿变换,然后用它来明确恢复未知场。
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引用次数: 0
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Inverse Problems
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