The genus Hyponephele includes about 40 species distributed throughout the southern part of the Palaearctic area. Within this genus, the taxa of the H. lycaon – H. lupina species complex are similar with respect to the wing pattern and genitalia structure. Here we revise this group using analysis of butterfly morphology, DNA barcodes, and study of the type material. We show that, with a few exceptions, the species in this group are allopatric in distribution. Allopatry in combination with phenotypic similarity may be theoretically interpreted as evidence for the conspecifity of these taxa. Here we falsify this hypothesis by using DNA barcode analysis. We show that the species of this complex are genetically very distant and cannot be combined together as a polytypic species. We also demonstrate that H. lupina consists of two deeply diverged allopatric clades, H. lupina s. s. and H. mauritanica comb. & stat. nov. The barcode p-distance between these taxa (3.4-4.9%) is significantly higher than the generally accepted 'standard' minimum interspecific divergence (2.0-3.0% ) threshold. These two clades can also be distinguished by the color of the upperside of the wing in males (brown with conspicuous golden reflection in H. lupina ; dark brown without golden reflection in H. mauritanica) and by details in male genitalia and male androconia structures. Syntypes of Hyponephele sifanica, H. cheena cheena, H. cheena iskander, and H. cheena kashmirica are studied and figured.
{"title":"The Taxa of the Hyponephele lycaon – H. lupina Species Complex (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae): Deep DNA Barcode Divergence despite Morphological Similarity","authors":"V. Lukhtanov, Elena A. Pazhenkova","doi":"10.3409/FB_69-1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/FB_69-1.02","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Hyponephele includes about 40 species distributed throughout the southern part of the Palaearctic area. Within this genus, the taxa of the H. lycaon – H. lupina species complex are similar with respect to the wing pattern and genitalia structure.\u0000 Here we revise this group using analysis of butterfly morphology, DNA barcodes, and study of the type material. We show that, with a few exceptions, the species in this group are allopatric in distribution. Allopatry in combination with phenotypic similarity may be theoretically interpreted\u0000 as evidence for the conspecifity of these taxa. Here we falsify this hypothesis by using DNA barcode analysis. We show that the species of this complex are genetically very distant and cannot be combined together as a polytypic species. We also demonstrate that H. lupina consists of\u0000 two deeply diverged allopatric clades, H. lupina s. s. and H. mauritanica comb. & stat. nov. The barcode p-distance between these taxa (3.4-4.9%) is significantly higher than the generally accepted 'standard' minimum interspecific divergence (2.0-3.0% ) threshold. These two\u0000 clades can also be distinguished by the color of the upperside of the wing in males (brown with conspicuous golden reflection in H. lupina ; dark brown without golden reflection in H. mauritanica) and by details in male genitalia and male androconia structures. Syntypes of Hyponephele\u0000 sifanica, H. cheena cheena, H. cheena iskander, and H. cheena kashmirica are studied and figured.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49438393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiaran Zhu, Shenqiang Hu, Yao Lu, Y. Rong, Enhua Qing, Liang Li, Jiwen Wang
Cathepsin D (CTSD) is known to be crucial for the degradation and utilization of yolk precursors in ovarian follicles. However, little is known about its expression profiles and physiological actions in avian ovarian cells. In this study, the intact coding sequence of the CTSD gene in geese was cloned for the first time, with a length of 1197 bp. It encoded a polypeptide of 398 amino acids (AA) consisting of a signal peptide and two conserved functional domains (i.e., A1_Propeptide and Cathepsin_D2). The AA sequence of goose CTSD had > 96% similarities with the homologs of turkeys, chickens, and ducks. Results from real-time PCR showed that goose CTSD mRNA was present in all tissues examined, with higher levels in the adrenal gland, liver, heart, and reproductive organs. Furthermore, levels of CTSD mRNA were much higher in goose granulosa layers than in the theca layers in any follicular category. Significantly, its expression remained almost unchanged in the theca layers throughout follicle development, while it increased gradually in the granulosa layers from 2-4 mm to F5 follicles but declined there after. These results suggested that CTSD may regulate goose ovarian follicle development through its actions on both the degradation and absorption of yolk precursors and granulosa cell apoptosis.
{"title":"Molecular Characterization, Tissue Distribution, and Expression Profiling of the CTSD Gene during Goose Ovarian Follicle Development","authors":"Jiaran Zhu, Shenqiang Hu, Yao Lu, Y. Rong, Enhua Qing, Liang Li, Jiwen Wang","doi":"10.3409/FB_69-1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/FB_69-1.05","url":null,"abstract":"Cathepsin D (CTSD) is known to be crucial for the degradation and utilization of yolk precursors in ovarian follicles. However, little is known about its expression profiles and physiological actions in avian ovarian cells. In this study, the intact coding sequence of the CTSD gene in geese was cloned for the first time, with a length of 1197 bp. It encoded a polypeptide of 398 amino acids (AA) consisting of a signal peptide and two conserved functional domains (i.e., A1_Propeptide and Cathepsin_D2). The AA sequence of goose CTSD had > 96% similarities with the homologs of turkeys, chickens, and ducks. Results from real-time PCR showed that goose CTSD mRNA was present in all tissues examined, with higher levels in the adrenal gland, liver, heart, and reproductive organs. Furthermore, levels of CTSD mRNA were much higher in goose granulosa layers than in the theca layers in any follicular category. Significantly, its expression remained almost unchanged in the theca layers throughout follicle development, while it increased gradually in the granulosa layers from 2-4 mm to F5 follicles but declined there after. These results suggested that CTSD may regulate goose ovarian follicle development through its actions on both the degradation and absorption of yolk precursors and granulosa cell apoptosis.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":"29 1","pages":"39-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89619568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Strzelczyk, A. Teległów, J. Marchewka, B. Ptaszek, A. Marchewka
The aim of this study was to assess the influence of moderate physical exercise on selected blood parameters in regular winter swimmers who suffer from osteoarthritis. The study covered a period of 6 months, from November to April, and was carried out on 17 women and 22 men. The participants were divided into 4 groups: Female CWI – women who only immersed themselves in cold water, Female CWI + PE – women who exercised in addition to water immersion, Male CWI – men who only immersed themselves in cold water, and Male CWI + PE – men, who exercised in addition to water immersion. Venous blood was collected twice, before and after the exercise program. A statistically significant decrease in fibrinogen, plasma viscosity, T ½ , and AMP was observed in the blood of people who did not take part in the physical exercise program while a significant decrease in cortisol levels was observed in the people who participated in the exercise program in addition to cold water immersion. In terms of rheological parameters, a significant increase in the elongation index (EI) of erythrocytes from shear stress 2.19 Pa in all groups was observed. There were no statistically significant changes in AI in all groups. Physical activity has an influence on the blood parameters of elderly winter swimmers suffering from osteoarthritis.
本研究的目的是评估适度体育锻炼对患有骨关节炎的定期冬泳者选定血液参数的影响。这项研究历时6个月，从11月到4月，共有17名女性和22名男性参与。参与者被分为4组:女性CWI -只浸泡在冷水中的女性，女性CWI + PE -除了水浸泡外还锻炼的女性，男性CWI -只浸泡在冷水中的男性，以及男性CWI + PE -除了水浸泡外还锻炼的男性。运动前后分别采集静脉血两次。在没有参加体育锻炼的人血液中，纤维蛋白原、血浆粘度、T½和AMP的含量有统计学意义上的显著下降，而在参加体育锻炼计划并进行冷水浸泡的人中，皮质醇水平显著下降。在流变学参数方面，剪切应力为2.19 Pa时，各组红细胞的伸长指数(EI)均显著升高。各组患者的人工智能变化无统计学意义。体力活动对老年冬泳骨性关节炎患者血液参数的影响。
{"title":"The Impact of Moderate Physical Exercise on the Rheological and Biochemical Properties of Blood in Osteoarthritis Patients Who Are Regular Winter Swimmers","authors":"M. Strzelczyk, A. Teległów, J. Marchewka, B. Ptaszek, A. Marchewka","doi":"10.3409/FB_69-1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/FB_69-1.04","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to assess the influence of moderate physical exercise on selected blood parameters in regular winter swimmers who suffer from osteoarthritis. The study covered a period of 6 months, from November to April, and was carried out on 17 women and 22 men. The participants\u0000 were divided into 4 groups: Female CWI – women who only immersed themselves in cold water, Female CWI + PE – women who exercised in addition to water immersion, Male CWI – men who only immersed themselves in cold water, and Male CWI + PE – men, who exercised in addition\u0000 to water immersion. Venous blood was collected twice, before and after the exercise program. A statistically significant decrease in fibrinogen, plasma viscosity, T ½ , and AMP was observed in the blood of people who did not take part in the physical exercise program while a significant\u0000 decrease in cortisol levels was observed in the people who participated in the exercise program in addition to cold water immersion. In terms of rheological parameters, a significant increase in the elongation index (EI) of erythrocytes from shear stress 2.19 Pa in all groups was observed.\u0000 There were no statistically significant changes in AI in all groups. Physical activity has an influence on the blood parameters of elderly winter swimmers suffering from osteoarthritis.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47608428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Hussein, L. Rashed, B. Aboulhoda, Ghada Mahmoud Abdelaziz, E. Abdelhady, S. M. A. El-Aal, A. Shamseldeen, M. M. Khalifa, H. Morsi
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of thymoquinone (TQ) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats. Our study has reported that TQ treatment of experimentally-induced HCC results in the up-regulation of the Jun-N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase pathway (JNK/p38 MAPK) and the enhancement of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and pro-apoptotic machineries. TQ resulted in a significant decrease in the levels of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells (NFκB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and a significant increase in the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10). The pro-apoptotic effect of TQ was demonstrated through stimulating the apoptotic Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) gene and inhibiting the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) gene together with increasing the level of caspase 3 and up-regulating the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP-1) gene expression. TQ treatment also enhanced the activity of the ROS scavenger, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and decreased the level of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA). TQ-dependent suppression of HCC was associated with the up-regulation of JNK/p38 MAPK, enhanced CHOP-1 expression, and subsequently increased Bax gene expression.
{"title":"The Role of Thymoquinone in Mitigating Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats: Targeting the CHOP-1/JNK/P38 MAPK, NFκB/TNF-α/IL-10, and Bax/Bcl-2/Caspase-3 Signalling Pathways","authors":"R. Hussein, L. Rashed, B. Aboulhoda, Ghada Mahmoud Abdelaziz, E. Abdelhady, S. M. A. El-Aal, A. Shamseldeen, M. M. Khalifa, H. Morsi","doi":"10.3409/FB_69-1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/FB_69-1.01","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of thymoquinone (TQ) on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats. Our study has reported that TQ treatment of experimentally-induced HCC results in the up-regulation of the Jun-N-terminal kinase and p38 mitogen activated protein kinase\u0000 pathway (JNK/p38 MAPK) and the enhancement of anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and pro-apoptotic machineries. TQ resulted in a significant decrease in the levels of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells (NFκB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and\u0000 a significant increase in the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10). The pro-apoptotic effect of TQ was demonstrated through stimulating the apoptotic Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) gene and inhibiting the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) gene together with increasing the level of caspase\u0000 3 and up-regulating the C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP-1) gene expression. TQ treatment also enhanced the activity of the ROS scavenger, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and decreased the level of the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA). TQ-dependent suppression of HCC was associated\u0000 with the up-regulation of JNK/p38 MAPK, enhanced CHOP-1 expression, and subsequently increased Bax gene expression.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47094206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Czepiel, M. Rajzer, G. Bilo, G. Parati, G. Biesiada, D. Cibor, Ewelina Pitera, P. Wołkow, M. Michalak, A. Garlicki
It is thought that chronic liver disease affects a person's risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Chronic Hepatitis B (HBV) infection, Chronic Hepatitis C (HCV) infection, and liver damage on cardiovascular risk and selected vascular parameters contributing to CVD risk. This case-control study included a group of 114 patients composed of 34 patients with HBV, 35 patients with HCV, and 45 patients as the control group. Cardiovascular risk was assessed by analyzing classic risk factors, and the SCORE system. The following arterial properties were analyzed using applanation tonometry with SphygmoCor Vx technology: central systolic blood pressure (cSBP), central pulse pressure, augmentation pressure, augmentation index, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Asymmetric dimethyloarginine (ADMA) blood levels were analyzed using ELISA as a marker of vascular function. In a univariable analysis we found no significant differences between the hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and control groups in terms of PWV (respectively: median 7.2 [Q25-Q75 6.4-8.5], 7.3 [6.9-8.7], 7.8 [6.5-8.9]), cSBP (115 [109-126], 118 [107-123], 116 [107-129]), ADMA (0.52 [0.47-0.60], 0.53 [0.45-0.62], 0.58 [0.51-0.63]), SCORE (0 [0-1], 0 [0-2], 0 [0-2]). No significant differences in cardiovascular variables were observed between cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients. A multivariable analysis confirmed the above findings. (PWV, p=0 . 29; cSBP, p=0.26; ADMA, p=0.19). We concluded that chronic hepatitis B or C was not independently associated with an adverse cardiovascular risk profile nor with an unfavorable pattern of vascular parameters contributing to CVD risk in our study population, even in the case of liver cirrhosis. The same was true for blood ADMA levels.
人们认为慢性肝病会影响一个人患心血管疾病(CVD)的风险。本研究的目的是评估慢性乙型肝炎(HBV)感染、慢性丙型肝炎(HCV)感染和肝损伤对心血管风险的影响，以及与心血管风险相关的选定血管参数。本病例对照研究纳入114例患者，其中34例HBV患者，35例HCV患者，45例为对照组。通过分析经典危险因素和SCORE系统评估心血管风险。采用sphygmomoor Vx技术平压血压计分析以下动脉特性:中心收缩压(cSBP)、中心脉压、增强压、增强指数和颈-股脉波速度(PWV)。不对称二甲基精氨酸(ADMA)血药浓度作为血管功能指标，采用ELISA法进行分析。在单变量分析中，我们发现乙肝、丙肝和对照组在PWV(分别为:中位数7.2 [Q25-Q75 6.4-8.5]、7.3[6.9-8.7]、7.8[6.5-8.9])、cSBP(115[109-126]、118[107-123]、116[107-129])、ADMA(0.52[0.47-0.60]、0.53[0.45-0.62]、0.58[0.51-0.63])、SCORE(0[0-1]、0[0-2]、0[0-2])方面无显著差异。肝硬化和非肝硬化患者的心血管变量无显著差异。多变量分析证实了上述发现。p=0。29日;cSBP, p = 0.26;ADMA, p = 0.19)。我们的结论是，慢性乙型肝炎或丙型肝炎与不良心血管风险状况没有独立关联，也没有与导致心血管疾病风险的不利血管参数模式相关，即使在肝硬化的情况下也是如此。血液ADMA水平也是如此。
{"title":"The Association Between Chronic Hepatitis B, Chronic Hepatitis C, Sustained Liver Damage, and Features of Increased Cardiovascular Risk","authors":"J. Czepiel, M. Rajzer, G. Bilo, G. Parati, G. Biesiada, D. Cibor, Ewelina Pitera, P. Wołkow, M. Michalak, A. Garlicki","doi":"10.3409/FB_69-1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3409/FB_69-1.03","url":null,"abstract":"It is thought that chronic liver disease affects a person's risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Chronic Hepatitis B (HBV) infection, Chronic Hepatitis C (HCV) infection, and liver damage on cardiovascular risk and selected\u0000 vascular parameters contributing to CVD risk. This case-control study included a group of 114 patients composed of 34 patients with HBV, 35 patients with HCV, and 45 patients as the control group. Cardiovascular risk was assessed by analyzing classic risk factors, and the SCORE system. The\u0000 following arterial properties were analyzed using applanation tonometry with SphygmoCor Vx technology: central systolic blood pressure (cSBP), central pulse pressure, augmentation pressure, augmentation index, and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). Asymmetric dimethyloarginine (ADMA)\u0000 blood levels were analyzed using ELISA as a marker of vascular function. In a univariable analysis we found no significant differences between the hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and control groups in terms of PWV (respectively: median 7.2 [Q25-Q75 6.4-8.5], 7.3 [6.9-8.7], 7.8 [6.5-8.9]), cSBP (115\u0000 [109-126], 118 [107-123], 116 [107-129]), ADMA (0.52 [0.47-0.60], 0.53 [0.45-0.62], 0.58 [0.51-0.63]), SCORE (0 [0-1], 0 [0-2], 0 [0-2]). No significant differences in cardiovascular variables were observed between cirrhotic and non-cirrhotic patients. A multivariable analysis confirmed the\u0000 above findings. (PWV, p=0 . 29; cSBP, p=0.26; ADMA, p=0.19). We concluded that chronic hepatitis B or C was not independently associated with an adverse cardiovascular risk profile nor with an unfavorable pattern of vascular parameters contributing to CVD risk in our study population, even\u0000 in the case of liver cirrhosis. The same was true for blood ADMA levels.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43636801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-12DOI: 10.21203/RS.3.RS-186730/V1
Merve Yılmazer, Beste Bayrak, B. Kartal, Semian Karaer Uzuner, B. Palabıyık
Glucose is both the favourite carbon and energy source and acts as a hormone that plays a regulating role in many biological processes. Calorie restriction extends the lifespan in many organisms, including Schizosaccharomyces pombe, while uptake of high glucose leads to undesired results, such as diabetes and aging. In this study, sequence analysis of Schizosaccharomyces pombe ird5 and ird11 mutants was performed using next-generation sequencing techniques and a total of 20 different mutations were detected. ird11 is resistant to oxidative stress without calorie restriction, whereas ird5 displays an adaptive response against oxidative stress. We selected nine candidate mutations located in the non-coding (6) and coding (3) region among a total of 20 different mutations. The nine candidate mutations, which are thought to be responsible for ird5 and ird11 mutant phenotypes, were investigated via forward and backward mutations by using various cloning techniques. The results of this study provide report-like information that will contribute to understanding the relationship between glucose sensing/ signalling and oxidative stress response components.
{"title":"Identification of Schizosaccharomyces pombe ird Mutants Resistant to Glucose Suppression and Oxidative Stress.","authors":"Merve Yılmazer, Beste Bayrak, B. Kartal, Semian Karaer Uzuner, B. Palabıyık","doi":"10.21203/RS.3.RS-186730/V1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/RS.3.RS-186730/V1","url":null,"abstract":"Glucose is both the favourite carbon and energy source and acts as a hormone that plays a regulating role in many biological processes. Calorie restriction extends the lifespan in many organisms, including Schizosaccharomyces pombe, while uptake of high glucose leads to undesired results, such as diabetes and aging. In this study, sequence analysis of Schizosaccharomyces pombe ird5 and ird11 mutants was performed using next-generation sequencing techniques and a total of 20 different mutations were detected. ird11 is resistant to oxidative stress without calorie restriction, whereas ird5 displays an adaptive response against oxidative stress. We selected nine candidate mutations located in the non-coding (6) and coding (3) region among a total of 20 different mutations. The nine candidate mutations, which are thought to be responsible for ird5 and ird11 mutant phenotypes, were investigated via forward and backward mutations by using various cloning techniques. The results of this study provide report-like information that will contribute to understanding the relationship between glucose sensing/ signalling and oxidative stress response components.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":"67 5-6 1","pages":"163-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43100378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.14712/fb2021067010010
M. Safarikova, A. Kuběna, V. Franková, T. Zima, M. Kalousová
The crucial requirement of molecular genetic methods is high-quality input material. The key question is "how to preserve DNA during long-term storage." Biobanks are recommended to aliquot isolated DNA into provided volumes. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of repeated freezing and thawing on the genomic DNA integrity, quality and concentration. The aliquoted DNA isolated from blood cells using the automatic MagNA system and manual salting out method underwent freeze/thaw cycles at different storage conditions (-20 °C, -80 °C and liquid nitrogen). The average initial concentrations were 270.6 ng/μl (salting out method) and 125.0 ng/μl (MagNA). All concentration deviations relative to the concentration after the first freeze/ thaw cycle were less than 5 % for -20 °C and -80 °C cycling with both isolation methods. The average percentage differences of liquid nitrogen samples were higher, and the MagNA isolation method showed significant differences. There were no significant changes in the DNA purity or quality. The repeating freeze/ thaw up to 100 cycles (through -20 °C and -80 °C, respectively) did not significantly influence the integrity, concentration, or purity of genomic DNA, suggesting that storage of samples in high-volume pools without multiple aliquoting is possible. Storage in a freezer seems to be the most suitable way of long-term DNA preservation, because liquid nitrogen storage leads to formation of DNA clumps.
{"title":"The Effects of Different Storage Conditions and Repeated Freeze/Thaw Cycles on the Concentration, Purity and Integrity of Genomic DNA.","authors":"M. Safarikova, A. Kuběna, V. Franková, T. Zima, M. Kalousová","doi":"10.14712/fb2021067010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/fb2021067010010","url":null,"abstract":"The crucial requirement of molecular genetic methods is high-quality input material. The key question is \"how to preserve DNA during long-term storage.\" Biobanks are recommended to aliquot isolated DNA into provided volumes. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of repeated freezing and thawing on the genomic DNA integrity, quality and concentration. The aliquoted DNA isolated from blood cells using the automatic MagNA system and manual salting out method underwent freeze/thaw cycles at different storage conditions (-20 °C, -80 °C and liquid nitrogen). The average initial concentrations were 270.6 ng/μl (salting out method) and 125.0 ng/μl (MagNA). All concentration deviations relative to the concentration after the first freeze/ thaw cycle were less than 5 % for -20 °C and -80 °C cycling with both isolation methods. The average percentage differences of liquid nitrogen samples were higher, and the MagNA isolation method showed significant differences. There were no significant changes in the DNA purity or quality. The repeating freeze/ thaw up to 100 cycles (through -20 °C and -80 °C, respectively) did not significantly influence the integrity, concentration, or purity of genomic DNA, suggesting that storage of samples in high-volume pools without multiple aliquoting is possible. Storage in a freezer seems to be the most suitable way of long-term DNA preservation, because liquid nitrogen storage leads to formation of DNA clumps.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":"67 1 1","pages":"10-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67051628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.14712/fb2021067040135
E. Nečas, K. Faltusová, C. Chen
{"title":"Latent Defect in Haematopoiesis of UBC-GFP Mice Sheds Light on the Lymphoid Developmental Potential of Haematopoietic Stem Cells.","authors":"E. Nečas, K. Faltusová, C. Chen","doi":"10.14712/fb2021067040135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/fb2021067040135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":"67 4 1","pages":"135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67052127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.14712/fb2021067010001
A. B. Demir, S. Aktaş, Z. Altun, P. Erçetin, T. Aktas, N. Olgun
Neuroblastic tumours exhibit heterogeneity, which results in different therapeutic outcomes. Neuroblastoma is categorized into three major risk groups (low, intermediate, high risk). Recent identification of new genes raised the possibility of new biomarkers to identify sub-risk groups. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we aimed to assess new biomarkers defining the ultra-high-risk subgroup within the high-risk group that differ in clinical situation with very bad prognosis. Twenty-five low- and 29 high-risk groups of patients were analysed for their expression of ALK, ATRX, HIF1a, HIF2a (EPAS), H2AFX, and ETV5 genes at the RNA level. Immunohistochemistry was performed to confirm the protein expression level of ALK. The risk group of patients was determined according to the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Stratification System. Spearman correlation analysis and Mann-Whitney-U nonparametric test were used to assess the importance of expression levels among the groups. P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Sensitivity of the results was checked by ROC curve analysis. All analysed genes were found to be highly expressed in the high-risk group compared to the low-risk group, except for ETV5. When the ultra-high-risk and highrisk groups were compared, ALK was found to be highly expressed in the ultra-high-risk group. Our results show that ALK may be a candidate gene whose mRNA expression levels can distinguish the ultrahigh- risk subgroup of patients in the high-risk group of patients with non-familial neuroblastoma.
{"title":"Questioning How to Define the \"Ultra-High-Risk\" Subgroup of Neuroblastoma Patients.","authors":"A. B. Demir, S. Aktaş, Z. Altun, P. Erçetin, T. Aktas, N. Olgun","doi":"10.14712/fb2021067010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/fb2021067010001","url":null,"abstract":"Neuroblastic tumours exhibit heterogeneity, which results in different therapeutic outcomes. Neuroblastoma is categorized into three major risk groups (low, intermediate, high risk). Recent identification of new genes raised the possibility of new biomarkers to identify sub-risk groups. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we aimed to assess new biomarkers defining the ultra-high-risk subgroup within the high-risk group that differ in clinical situation with very bad prognosis. Twenty-five low- and 29 high-risk groups of patients were analysed for their expression of ALK, ATRX, HIF1a, HIF2a (EPAS), H2AFX, and ETV5 genes at the RNA level. Immunohistochemistry was performed to confirm the protein expression level of ALK. The risk group of patients was determined according to the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Stratification System. Spearman correlation analysis and Mann-Whitney-U nonparametric test were used to assess the importance of expression levels among the groups. P < 0.05 was considered as significant. Sensitivity of the results was checked by ROC curve analysis. All analysed genes were found to be highly expressed in the high-risk group compared to the low-risk group, except for ETV5. When the ultra-high-risk and highrisk groups were compared, ALK was found to be highly expressed in the ultra-high-risk group. Our results show that ALK may be a candidate gene whose mRNA expression levels can distinguish the ultrahigh- risk subgroup of patients in the high-risk group of patients with non-familial neuroblastoma.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":"69 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67051579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.14712/fb2021067020070
K. Smetana, D. Mikulenková, H. Klamová
Based on simple microscopic cell morphology in blood and bone marrow smear preparations, it seems to be likely that the cell differentiation and terminal differentiation in human blood cells, and particularly in erythroid or granulocytic lineages, simultaneously reflect ageing of the lineage progenitors and terminal differentiation steps. The terminal differentiation stages of both these lineages actually appear as senescent cells. Abnormal ageing of progenitor cells may represent one of the "dysplastic" phenomena of the premature terminal differentiation state. Such state is characterized by heterochromatin condensation and nucleolar morphology similar to that in fully differentiated terminal cells of granulocytic or erythroid lineages. It should also be mentioned that in some known erythropoietic disorders, less differentiated erythroblasts may lose nuclei similarly as "normal" fully terminally differentiated cells of the erythroid cell lineage. It seems to be clear that cells in both abnormal less differentiated and terminally differentiated stages of erythroid or granulocytic lineages lose the ability to multiply similarly as senescent cells. On the other hand, the background of cell ageing and differentiation is very complicated and requires a different approach than the simple microscopic morphology at the single cell level. However, the morphology and clinical cytology at the single cell level might still contribute with complementary data to more sophisticated complex studies of that topic. In addition, the morphological approach facilitates the study of the main components of single cells in various states, including the differentiation steps or ageing.
{"title":"The Morphology of Cell Differentiation, Terminal Differentiation and Ageing Seems To Reflect the Same Process: a Short Note.","authors":"K. Smetana, D. Mikulenková, H. Klamová","doi":"10.14712/fb2021067020070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14712/fb2021067020070","url":null,"abstract":"Based on simple microscopic cell morphology in blood and bone marrow smear preparations, it seems to be likely that the cell differentiation and terminal differentiation in human blood cells, and particularly in erythroid or granulocytic lineages, simultaneously reflect ageing of the lineage progenitors and terminal differentiation steps. The terminal differentiation stages of both these lineages actually appear as senescent cells. Abnormal ageing of progenitor cells may represent one of the \"dysplastic\" phenomena of the premature terminal differentiation state. Such state is characterized by heterochromatin condensation and nucleolar morphology similar to that in fully differentiated terminal cells of granulocytic or erythroid lineages. It should also be mentioned that in some known erythropoietic disorders, less differentiated erythroblasts may lose nuclei similarly as \"normal\" fully terminally differentiated cells of the erythroid cell lineage. It seems to be clear that cells in both abnormal less differentiated and terminally differentiated stages of erythroid or granulocytic lineages lose the ability to multiply similarly as senescent cells. On the other hand, the background of cell ageing and differentiation is very complicated and requires a different approach than the simple microscopic morphology at the single cell level. However, the morphology and clinical cytology at the single cell level might still contribute with complementary data to more sophisticated complex studies of that topic. In addition, the morphological approach facilitates the study of the main components of single cells in various states, including the differentiation steps or ageing.","PeriodicalId":50438,"journal":{"name":"Folia Biologica-Krakow","volume":"67 2 1","pages":"70-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67051991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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