For several decades, microfluidics and related fields have been dynamically developing. For the implementation of structures with a size of several dozen micrometers instead of expensive chrome photomasks, in some cases patterns printed on a typical film by laser printers can be used. The work will compare chrome masks and masks made by laser printers. The structures obtained by the less expensive masks printed on the film will also be presented.
{"title":"The use of laser printers for obtaining photomasks for the photolithography process","authors":"K. Gut, S. Student","doi":"10.1117/12.2539416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2539416","url":null,"abstract":"For several decades, microfluidics and related fields have been dynamically developing. For the implementation of structures with a size of several dozen micrometers instead of expensive chrome photomasks, in some cases patterns printed on a typical film by laser printers can be used. The work will compare chrome masks and masks made by laser printers. The structures obtained by the less expensive masks printed on the film will also be presented.","PeriodicalId":50449,"journal":{"name":"Fiber and Integrated Optics","volume":"4 1","pages":"112040J - 112040J-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90566496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents an analysis of planar broadband waveguide interferometers in the case of a change in layer thickness. The analysis was performed for the wavelength range of 450nm-1200nm. The TE0 and TM0 orthogonal modes which propagate in this wavelength range are considered. At the output of the system, an interference signal behind a polarizer can be recorded. If a spectrometer is used as a detector, the recorded signal is a function of the wavelength. Change in the change thickness of the waveguide layers results in a change of the recorded signal shape.
{"title":"The output signal of the broadband differential interferometer as a function of the thickness of the single-mode optical waveguide","authors":"K. Gut","doi":"10.1117/12.2536658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2536658","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents an analysis of planar broadband waveguide interferometers in the case of a change in layer thickness. The analysis was performed for the wavelength range of 450nm-1200nm. The TE0 and TM0 orthogonal modes which propagate in this wavelength range are considered. At the output of the system, an interference signal behind a polarizer can be recorded. If a spectrometer is used as a detector, the recorded signal is a function of the wavelength. Change in the change thickness of the waveguide layers results in a change of the recorded signal shape.","PeriodicalId":50449,"journal":{"name":"Fiber and Integrated Optics","volume":"9 1","pages":"1120408 - 1120408-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81959921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Maciejewski, M. Piszczek, M. Pomianek, N. Pałka
Currently, objects tracking issue in immersive Virtual Reality (VR) applications is important for various applications. It is related not only to determination of the position and orientation of the user himself but also as the tool that she/he exploits in the VR environment. Among numerous methods of objects tracking, the "Lighthouse" solution implemented in the SteamVR tracking system deserves special attention. One of the main reasons is the open concept of the SteamVR tracking system and the availability of simple analytical tools, which allows users to build their own tracker modules. For correct operation, these tools require accurate data both on the parameters of the sensors and the base stations of the system. This paper describes research on these parameters. The obtained results allow for a more accurate implementation of the simulations, which are the basis for the design process of Steam devices.
{"title":"Objects tracking in virtual reality applications using SteamVR tracking system: selected issues","authors":"M. Maciejewski, M. Piszczek, M. Pomianek, N. Pałka","doi":"10.1117/12.2537294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2537294","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, objects tracking issue in immersive Virtual Reality (VR) applications is important for various applications. It is related not only to determination of the position and orientation of the user himself but also as the tool that she/he exploits in the VR environment. Among numerous methods of objects tracking, the \"Lighthouse\" solution implemented in the SteamVR tracking system deserves special attention. One of the main reasons is the open concept of the SteamVR tracking system and the availability of simple analytical tools, which allows users to build their own tracker modules. For correct operation, these tools require accurate data both on the parameters of the sensors and the base stations of the system. This paper describes research on these parameters. The obtained results allow for a more accurate implementation of the simulations, which are the basis for the design process of Steam devices.","PeriodicalId":50449,"journal":{"name":"Fiber and Integrated Optics","volume":"13 1","pages":"112040G - 112040G-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91333220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents concept and design of the hemoglobin sensor structure based on integrated optics circuit with grating coupler. The presented integrated optics based sensor structure was designed for determination of the key parameter of the hemoglobin - oxidation level as well as concentration level. The manuscript presents numerical analysis focused on optimization of geometrical properties of selected components of the structure – grating coupler. The analysis were focused on determination of optimal parameters of the grating coupler in particular spatial period Λ and depth of grooves dG. The numerical analysis of the sensor with grating coupler was carried out by Finite Difference Time Domain method (FDTD).
{"title":"Design of an integrated optics sensor structure for hemoglobin property detection","authors":"P. Struk","doi":"10.1117/12.2532316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2532316","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents concept and design of the hemoglobin sensor structure based on integrated optics circuit with grating coupler. The presented integrated optics based sensor structure was designed for determination of the key parameter of the hemoglobin - oxidation level as well as concentration level. The manuscript presents numerical analysis focused on optimization of geometrical properties of selected components of the structure – grating coupler. The analysis were focused on determination of optimal parameters of the grating coupler in particular spatial period Λ and depth of grooves dG. The numerical analysis of the sensor with grating coupler was carried out by Finite Difference Time Domain method (FDTD).","PeriodicalId":50449,"journal":{"name":"Fiber and Integrated Optics","volume":"58 1","pages":"1120402 - 1120402-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78477693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The work concerns the study of the possibility of using an artificial neural network to determine the gas pressure or liquid, in the flow system. The basis for determining the pressure is the view of the membrane, which is obtained discreetly from the vision sensor. The essence of the method operation consists of associating the fuzzy image of the marker placed on the membrane with the corresponding reference pressure value, which in the network learning process, is read from the standard pressure gauge. The test used a device allowing the measuring of gas pressure with an accuracy no lower than 2%. The operation of the artificial neural network is based on identifying the degree of blurring the marker on the examined views of the membranes and associating them with the pressure values. In the case when the membrane views cannot be uniquely qualified for the training set, the network acts as an interpolator and predicts the pressure value.
{"title":"Determination of gas pressure with use of a digital camera and neural networks","authors":"L. Grad, T. Malinowski","doi":"10.1117/12.2536537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2536537","url":null,"abstract":"The work concerns the study of the possibility of using an artificial neural network to determine the gas pressure or liquid, in the flow system. The basis for determining the pressure is the view of the membrane, which is obtained discreetly from the vision sensor. The essence of the method operation consists of associating the fuzzy image of the marker placed on the membrane with the corresponding reference pressure value, which in the network learning process, is read from the standard pressure gauge. The test used a device allowing the measuring of gas pressure with an accuracy no lower than 2%. The operation of the artificial neural network is based on identifying the degree of blurring the marker on the examined views of the membranes and associating them with the pressure values. In the case when the membrane views cannot be uniquely qualified for the training set, the network acts as an interpolator and predicts the pressure value.","PeriodicalId":50449,"journal":{"name":"Fiber and Integrated Optics","volume":"37 1","pages":"1120405 - 1120405-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85448464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents the construction and the use of a video sensor developed for measuring liquid volume. A characteristic feature of the device is liquid volume measurement carried out based on digital image processing. The paper presents the results of a sensor calibration and measurements taken during the tests. The tests have been specially prepared to use the sensor to control the value of the ventricular assist device stroke volume. It has been shown that the sensor developed by the authors is equipped with a flat, floating membrane that allows measuring the stroke volume in the range of 0 to 80 ml.
{"title":"Vision sensor for measuring liquid volume","authors":"Krzysztof Murawski, M. Murawska","doi":"10.1117/12.2536534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2536534","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the construction and the use of a video sensor developed for measuring liquid volume. A characteristic feature of the device is liquid volume measurement carried out based on digital image processing. The paper presents the results of a sensor calibration and measurements taken during the tests. The tests have been specially prepared to use the sensor to control the value of the ventricular assist device stroke volume. It has been shown that the sensor developed by the authors is equipped with a flat, floating membrane that allows measuring the stroke volume in the range of 0 to 80 ml.","PeriodicalId":50449,"journal":{"name":"Fiber and Integrated Optics","volume":"1 1","pages":"1120403 - 1120403-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87077013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work presents an investigation on UV radiation on conductive copolymer regio-regular poly(3-hexyltiophene) (rr- P3HT) and its mixture with zinc oxide nanomaterial as an organic-inorganic blend, which was used as a sensing layer for organic thin film transistor or chemoresistor for gas sensing. Morphology like sample roughness, zinc oxide particles distribution and electrical properties were measured of obtained thin film deposited on TFT substrate using airbrush method. The study shows that there is a significant influence on operating parameters of OTFT by the irradiation of UV light. Given results shows the possibility of using such polymer blend in the implementation of gas sensing applications.
{"title":"Influence of near UV radiation on organic thin film transistor based on conductive polymer and ZnO thin films blend","authors":"P. Kaluzynski, M. Procek, A. Stolarczyk","doi":"10.1117/12.2539513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2539513","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents an investigation on UV radiation on conductive copolymer regio-regular poly(3-hexyltiophene) (rr- P3HT) and its mixture with zinc oxide nanomaterial as an organic-inorganic blend, which was used as a sensing layer for organic thin film transistor or chemoresistor for gas sensing. Morphology like sample roughness, zinc oxide particles distribution and electrical properties were measured of obtained thin film deposited on TFT substrate using airbrush method. The study shows that there is a significant influence on operating parameters of OTFT by the irradiation of UV light. Given results shows the possibility of using such polymer blend in the implementation of gas sensing applications.","PeriodicalId":50449,"journal":{"name":"Fiber and Integrated Optics","volume":"95 1","pages":"112040L - 112040L-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73504649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Complexity and size of modern optic-fiber networks start to challenge the traditional methods of managing them and yet majority of telecommunication companies still report rapid growth of their optical networks. One of essential problems in managing optic-fiber networks is calculating the Quality of Transmission (QoT) of given path in network. The unit responsible for this task is Optical Performance Unit (OPU) which communicates with Network Management System (NMS). OPU's task is to determine whether it is possible to transmit signal through a given path. Modern OPUs are still operating based on traditional algorithms e.g. these systems take into consideration known physics rules and information about the network parameters, calculating transmission losses for each path. Main parameter that determines the OPUs result is Optical Signal to Noise Ratio (OSNR). However, measuring its value from NMS level is often not practical. An alternative solution to this problem might prove the application of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms for the estimation of OSNR. In this contribution an application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to an evaluation of OSNR in an optical Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) network is investigated.
{"title":"Application of machine learning methods in provisioning of DWDM channels","authors":"P. Paziewski, S. Sujecki, S. Kozdrowski","doi":"10.1117/12.2536656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2536656","url":null,"abstract":"Complexity and size of modern optic-fiber networks start to challenge the traditional methods of managing them and yet majority of telecommunication companies still report rapid growth of their optical networks. One of essential problems in managing optic-fiber networks is calculating the Quality of Transmission (QoT) of given path in network. The unit responsible for this task is Optical Performance Unit (OPU) which communicates with Network Management System (NMS). OPU's task is to determine whether it is possible to transmit signal through a given path. Modern OPUs are still operating based on traditional algorithms e.g. these systems take into consideration known physics rules and information about the network parameters, calculating transmission losses for each path. Main parameter that determines the OPUs result is Optical Signal to Noise Ratio (OSNR). However, measuring its value from NMS level is often not practical. An alternative solution to this problem might prove the application of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms for the estimation of OSNR. In this contribution an application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to an evaluation of OSNR in an optical Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) network is investigated.","PeriodicalId":50449,"journal":{"name":"Fiber and Integrated Optics","volume":"42 1","pages":"1120407 - 1120407-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90555984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a simple combination of spin-coating fabrication techniques and cost-efficient polymer material for the fabrication of optoelectronic NO2 sensor was investigated. A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor was fabricated by chitosan thin films immobilized on the gold plasmonic active layer. Sensing structures were formed on the glass slides covered 50 nm thick Au films by spin-coating method from liquid chitosan salt phase. Polymeric thin film work as sensitive elements and transducer to get optical response from environment at room temperature (RT).
{"title":"Investigation of room temperature optical gas sensing properties of chitosan","authors":"E. Maciak","doi":"10.1117/12.2539463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2539463","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a simple combination of spin-coating fabrication techniques and cost-efficient polymer material for the fabrication of optoelectronic NO2 sensor was investigated. A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor was fabricated by chitosan thin films immobilized on the gold plasmonic active layer. Sensing structures were formed on the glass slides covered 50 nm thick Au films by spin-coating method from liquid chitosan salt phase. Polymeric thin film work as sensitive elements and transducer to get optical response from environment at room temperature (RT).","PeriodicalId":50449,"journal":{"name":"Fiber and Integrated Optics","volume":"33 1","pages":"112040K - 112040K-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73272152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper investigates the influence of selection and operators of evolutionary strategy on the reconstruction of the shape of the pneumatic membrane surface of the extracorporeal cardiac support pump. Sets consisting of selection, mutation and crossing were assessed. The study was conducted in the context of optimizing the distribution of markers on the surface of the flaccid membrane. The arrangement of the markers is important from the point of view of modeling the shape of the membrane surface and ultimately determining the stroke volume. The experiments were carried out for a convex membrane with a known mathematical description. The value of the error of mapping the determined shape of the membrane with respect to the shape of the reference surface was assumed as the criterion of the assessment.
{"title":"Evaluation of the impact of evolution strategy parameters on the optimization of the markers distribution on the VAD membrane","authors":"T. Malinowski, L. Grad","doi":"10.1117/12.2536536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2536536","url":null,"abstract":"The paper investigates the influence of selection and operators of evolutionary strategy on the reconstruction of the shape of the pneumatic membrane surface of the extracorporeal cardiac support pump. Sets consisting of selection, mutation and crossing were assessed. The study was conducted in the context of optimizing the distribution of markers on the surface of the flaccid membrane. The arrangement of the markers is important from the point of view of modeling the shape of the membrane surface and ultimately determining the stroke volume. The experiments were carried out for a convex membrane with a known mathematical description. The value of the error of mapping the determined shape of the membrane with respect to the shape of the reference surface was assumed as the criterion of the assessment.","PeriodicalId":50449,"journal":{"name":"Fiber and Integrated Optics","volume":"110 1","pages":"1120404 - 1120404-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2019-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76158635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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