Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.965
M. Zahid, A. Saeed, SA Rauf, S. Khan
Asthma, a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways, is characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and bronchospasm. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the improvement in expiratory flowrate in asthmatics nebulized in sitting vs lying down-position. Methods: This comparative study was conducted at CMH, Lahore during May 2023 to May 2024 and data were collected from 245 patients. Each participant received a standardized dose of a bronchodilator via a nebulizer. In the sitting position group, patients were instructed to sit upright in a comfortable chair with back support. In the lying down position group, patients were instructed to lie supine on a flat surface. Both groups received the nebulized medication for the same duration, and all procedures were conducted in a controlled clinical environment. Results: Data were collected from 245 patients. The average age was similar between the two groups (45.09 ± 12.12 years for sitting and 44.87 ± 11.09 years for lying down). The gender distribution was nearly equal, with a slightly higher number of females in both groups. Baseline FEV1 values were 1.85 ± 0.35 L for the sitting group and 1.88 ± 0.37 L for the lying down group, while baseline PEFR values were 300 ± 45 L/min and 310 ± 48 L/min, respectively. The study found that the mean change in PEFR was significantly greater in the sitting position group (+60 ± 15 L/min) compared to the lying down position group (+30 ± 12 L/min), with a difference of +30 L/min (95% CI: 18 to 42, p < 0.001). Conclusion: It is concluded that nebulizing asthmatic patients in a sitting position significantly improves expiratory flow rates compared to a lying down position.
{"title":"IMPROVEMENT IN EXPIRATORY FLOWRATE IN ASTHMATICS NEBULIZED IN SITTING VS LYING DOWN-POSITION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY","authors":"M. Zahid, A. Saeed, SA Rauf, S. Khan","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.965","url":null,"abstract":"Asthma, a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways, is characterized by variable and recurring symptoms, reversible airflow obstruction, and bronchospasm. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find the improvement in expiratory flowrate in asthmatics nebulized in sitting vs lying down-position. Methods: This comparative study was conducted at CMH, Lahore during May 2023 to May 2024 and data were collected from 245 patients. Each participant received a standardized dose of a bronchodilator via a nebulizer. In the sitting position group, patients were instructed to sit upright in a comfortable chair with back support. In the lying down position group, patients were instructed to lie supine on a flat surface. Both groups received the nebulized medication for the same duration, and all procedures were conducted in a controlled clinical environment. Results: Data were collected from 245 patients. The average age was similar between the two groups (45.09 ± 12.12 years for sitting and 44.87 ± 11.09 years for lying down). The gender distribution was nearly equal, with a slightly higher number of females in both groups. Baseline FEV1 values were 1.85 ± 0.35 L for the sitting group and 1.88 ± 0.37 L for the lying down group, while baseline PEFR values were 300 ± 45 L/min and 310 ± 48 L/min, respectively. The study found that the mean change in PEFR was significantly greater in the sitting position group (+60 ± 15 L/min) compared to the lying down position group (+30 ± 12 L/min), with a difference of +30 L/min (95% CI: 18 to 42, p < 0.001). Conclusion: It is concluded that nebulizing asthmatic patients in a sitting position significantly improves expiratory flow rates compared to a lying down position.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141835838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.947
S. Maqbool, S. Kamran, S. Naz, A. Amjad, T. Maqbool
This study compared the effectiveness of a Task-Oriented Program and Proprioceptive Training in improving balance, gait, and quality of life in a specific population. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the outcomes of the Task-Oriented Program and Proprioceptive Training on participants' balance, gait, and quality of life. Methods: The study included two treatment groups: Group A (Task-Oriented Program) and Group B (Proprioceptive Training). The gender distribution and frequencies were assessed within each group. Various variables were measured at different time points, and tests for normality were conducted. Independent samples t-tests were performed to analyze the differences in mean scores between the two groups. Results: In Group A, comprising 36 participants, there were 17 males (47.2%) and 19 females (52.8%), while Group B, also with 36 participants, consisted of 16 males (44.4%) and 20 females (55.6%). At baseline, no significant difference was observed in mean Berg Balance Scale (BBS) scores between the two groups. However, after four weeks of intervention, Group A demonstrated significantly higher BBS scores than Group B (mean difference = 6.26, p < 0.001). This trend continued at week 8, with Group A showing a substantial advantage (mean difference = 14.56, p < 0.001). Regarding Motor Assessment Scale (MAS) scores, similar patterns emerged. At baseline, no significant difference was found. Still, after four weeks, Group A had significantly higher MAS scores than Group B (mean difference = 7.21, p < 0.001), which further increased at week 8 (mean difference = 13.88, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The Task-Oriented Program yielded superior outcomes compared to Proprioceptive Training in improving participants' balance, gait, and quality of life, as indicated by significantly higher BBS and MAS scores. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the Task-Oriented Program as an intervention for enhancing balance and motor performance in the specific population studied.
{"title":"COMPARATIVE EFFECTS OF TASK-ORIENTED PROGRAM AND PROPRIOCEPTIVE TRAINING ON BALANCE, GAIT AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH HEMIPLEGIC STROKE","authors":"S. Maqbool, S. Kamran, S. Naz, A. Amjad, T. Maqbool","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.947","url":null,"abstract":"This study compared the effectiveness of a Task-Oriented Program and Proprioceptive Training in improving balance, gait, and quality of life in a specific population. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the outcomes of the Task-Oriented Program and Proprioceptive Training on participants' balance, gait, and quality of life. Methods: The study included two treatment groups: Group A (Task-Oriented Program) and Group B (Proprioceptive Training). The gender distribution and frequencies were assessed within each group. Various variables were measured at different time points, and tests for normality were conducted. Independent samples t-tests were performed to analyze the differences in mean scores between the two groups. Results: In Group A, comprising 36 participants, there were 17 males (47.2%) and 19 females (52.8%), while Group B, also with 36 participants, consisted of 16 males (44.4%) and 20 females (55.6%). At baseline, no significant difference was observed in mean Berg Balance Scale (BBS) scores between the two groups. However, after four weeks of intervention, Group A demonstrated significantly higher BBS scores than Group B (mean difference = 6.26, p < 0.001). This trend continued at week 8, with Group A showing a substantial advantage (mean difference = 14.56, p < 0.001). Regarding Motor Assessment Scale (MAS) scores, similar patterns emerged. At baseline, no significant difference was found. Still, after four weeks, Group A had significantly higher MAS scores than Group B (mean difference = 7.21, p < 0.001), which further increased at week 8 (mean difference = 13.88, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The Task-Oriented Program yielded superior outcomes compared to Proprioceptive Training in improving participants' balance, gait, and quality of life, as indicated by significantly higher BBS and MAS scores. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the Task-Oriented Program as an intervention for enhancing balance and motor performance in the specific population studied.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141836251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-08DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.978
I. Khan, S. Rashid, S. Ghumro, TU Haq, A. Kousar, H. Zeb, A. Ali, S. Ali
Hepatitis is caused by many viruses, but Hepatitis B and C viruses are the most harmful, showing a unique and noteworthy correlation between kidney disorders and hemodialysis in individuals. Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency of hepatitis B and C seropositivity amongst hemodialysis individuals. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, after obtaining permission from the ethical board of the institute. The study duration was six months from August 2023 to January 2024. Individuals who were going to perform hemodialysis in the hospital during the study period were enrolled. Sixty-four chronic kidney disease patients were tested for anti-HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies who visited our hospital for dialysis. All samples were tested for HBs antigen and anti-HCV antibodies using a more sensitive chemiluminescence assay (Vitros, Orthoclinical Technologies). Microsoft Excel was used for data entry, analysis, and interpretation. Results: A total of 64 participants who were going for hemodialysis were examined for seropositivity of hepatitis B and C viruses. The anti-HCV antibody was positive in 21 (32.8.0%) and 9 (14.0%) individuals who were positive for hepatitis B surface antigens. A significant portion of the individuals, 28 (43.75%), had dialysis of less than 50 times while 18 (28.1%) patients had dialysis of 50-100 times. On the other hand, the majority of the patients who tested positive for HCV (73.8%) and HBV (56.3%) also got HD 50 to 100 times. For HBV-infected individuals, the average dialysis stay was 27 months, but for HCV-infected ones, it took 30 months. For both HBV and HCV infections, the length of Hemodialysis revealed a vital risk factor (P < 0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded from the current study that the frequency of hepatitis B seropositivity was 14.0%, while that of hepatitis C was 32.8.0% among participants undergoing dialysis. Viral hepatitis is a severe health risk for hemodialysis patients, especially in underdeveloped nations.
{"title":"FREQUENCY OF HEPATITIS B AND C SEROPOSITIVITY AMONGST PATIENTS UNDERGOING HEMODIALYSIS","authors":"I. Khan, S. Rashid, S. Ghumro, TU Haq, A. Kousar, H. Zeb, A. Ali, S. Ali","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.978","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis is caused by many viruses, but Hepatitis B and C viruses are the most harmful, showing a unique and noteworthy correlation between kidney disorders and hemodialysis in individuals. Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency of hepatitis B and C seropositivity amongst hemodialysis individuals. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar, after obtaining permission from the ethical board of the institute. The study duration was six months from August 2023 to January 2024. Individuals who were going to perform hemodialysis in the hospital during the study period were enrolled. Sixty-four chronic kidney disease patients were tested for anti-HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies who visited our hospital for dialysis. All samples were tested for HBs antigen and anti-HCV antibodies using a more sensitive chemiluminescence assay (Vitros, Orthoclinical Technologies). Microsoft Excel was used for data entry, analysis, and interpretation. Results: A total of 64 participants who were going for hemodialysis were examined for seropositivity of hepatitis B and C viruses. The anti-HCV antibody was positive in 21 (32.8.0%) and 9 (14.0%) individuals who were positive for hepatitis B surface antigens. A significant portion of the individuals, 28 (43.75%), had dialysis of less than 50 times while 18 (28.1%) patients had dialysis of 50-100 times. On the other hand, the majority of the patients who tested positive for HCV (73.8%) and HBV (56.3%) also got HD 50 to 100 times. For HBV-infected individuals, the average dialysis stay was 27 months, but for HCV-infected ones, it took 30 months. For both HBV and HCV infections, the length of Hemodialysis revealed a vital risk factor (P < 0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded from the current study that the frequency of hepatitis B seropositivity was 14.0%, while that of hepatitis C was 32.8.0% among participants undergoing dialysis. Viral hepatitis is a severe health risk for hemodialysis patients, especially in underdeveloped nations.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141836307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-06DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.974
A. Badshah, A. Hai, R. Khan, M. Ismail, M. Shahzad, A. Ayubi
Fistulas and grafts are essential for dialysis in patients diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The durability and efficiency of vascular grafts in hemodialysis access remain critical for patient outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the patency rate, complication rate, and efficiency of vascular graft surgery in hemodialysis access among 100 patients in the Department of Vascular Surgery at CMH Rawalpindi. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Department of Vascular Surgery, CMH Rawalpindi, from August 2022 to May 2024. The study analyzed the records of 100 patients treated with vascular grafts for hemodialysis access. Patient and graft characteristics, patency results, graft, and patient survival, as well as complications, were recorded. Long-term results were evaluated based on follow-up data up to five years. Statistical analyses were conducted using appropriate methods to assess patency rates and complication frequencies. Results: The study included 58 male and 42 female patients aged between 25 and 75 years. The primary patency rate was 85% at one year, 70% at three years, and 55% at five years. Complications included infection in 10% of cases, thrombosis in 15%, and stenosis in 20%. Patient satisfaction was high, with 80% reporting improved quality of life post-surgery. Conclusion: Vascular grafts provide effective long-term arteriovenous (AV) access for hemodialysis, offering reasonable primary and secondary patency rates and manageable complications. Close follow-up and timely intervention are essential to maintaining graft function and patient quality of life.
{"title":"LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF VASCULAR GRAFTS IN HEMODIALYSIS ACCESS RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY","authors":"A. Badshah, A. Hai, R. Khan, M. Ismail, M. Shahzad, A. Ayubi","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.974","url":null,"abstract":"Fistulas and grafts are essential for dialysis in patients diagnosed with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The durability and efficiency of vascular grafts in hemodialysis access remain critical for patient outcomes. Objective: To evaluate the patency rate, complication rate, and efficiency of vascular graft surgery in hemodialysis access among 100 patients in the Department of Vascular Surgery at CMH Rawalpindi. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Department of Vascular Surgery, CMH Rawalpindi, from August 2022 to May 2024. The study analyzed the records of 100 patients treated with vascular grafts for hemodialysis access. Patient and graft characteristics, patency results, graft, and patient survival, as well as complications, were recorded. Long-term results were evaluated based on follow-up data up to five years. Statistical analyses were conducted using appropriate methods to assess patency rates and complication frequencies. Results: The study included 58 male and 42 female patients aged between 25 and 75 years. The primary patency rate was 85% at one year, 70% at three years, and 55% at five years. Complications included infection in 10% of cases, thrombosis in 15%, and stenosis in 20%. Patient satisfaction was high, with 80% reporting improved quality of life post-surgery. Conclusion: Vascular grafts provide effective long-term arteriovenous (AV) access for hemodialysis, offering reasonable primary and secondary patency rates and manageable complications. Close follow-up and timely intervention are essential to maintaining graft function and patient quality of life.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141837108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.972
Skh Shah, S. Fayaz, MB Asad, FR Shahid, SH Lone, A. Zaka
Dealing with neonatal surgery, which nearly invariably entails emergency neonatal surgical scenarios, is the most challenging and complex problem in pediatrics and pediatric surgery. Congenital abnormalities are the most common reason for emergency neonatal surgery. Pakistan and other low and middle-income countries (LMICs) account for over ninety percent of these abnormalities. Objective: Our goal is to examine the factors contributing to the high mortality rate in neonatal surgery among those individuals who didn't have access to the NICU. This will inform our recommendations for the worldwide community and the need for NICU care post-operatively. Method: This prospective research was carried out in PIMS hospital from December 2022 to December 2023. Our center has a 15-bed NICU facility, which is almost negligible compared to the patient load of our center. Two hundred patients who underwent surgery during the study were enrolled in our study. Demographic and clinical data were gathered using a questionnaire, and SPSS 25 was used for analysis. Results: Throughout the study period, 33 of 200 neonates died, resulting in a 16.5% mortality rate. Over 53% of these cases were preterm. The research had a minimum gestation age of 29 weeks and a mean gestational age of 35.54 ± 3.56 weeks. The mean newborn's weight had been 2.41 ± 0.52 kg (range: 1.22–3.5 kg). There were more male babies (67.5%) than females. Anorectal malformation was found in four infants who died following surgery. Gastroschisis was discovered in five infants who died after surgery. Sepsis was the most common cause of death following neonatal surgery, amounting to 84.84% of total deaths. Cardiogenic shock was the reason for expiry in 9.09% of the cases, and 6.06% of the cases had respiratory failure as the cause of death. Gastroschisis and esophageal atresia were associated with the most significant mortality. Conclusions: In underdeveloped nations like Pakistan, surgical infants account for a sizable fraction of the total neonatal death rate, most of which may be avoided with proper perioperative and NICU care. Nevertheless, the national health strategy does not give neonatal surgery the priority it deserves. NICUs should be established countrywide to enhance patient care and decrease the overall mortality rate of pediatric surgery.
{"title":"OUTCOMES OF NEONATAL SURGERIES WITHOUT NICU IN LMIC","authors":"Skh Shah, S. Fayaz, MB Asad, FR Shahid, SH Lone, A. Zaka","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.972","url":null,"abstract":"Dealing with neonatal surgery, which nearly invariably entails emergency neonatal surgical scenarios, is the most challenging and complex problem in pediatrics and pediatric surgery. Congenital abnormalities are the most common reason for emergency neonatal surgery. Pakistan and other low and middle-income countries (LMICs) account for over ninety percent of these abnormalities. Objective: Our goal is to examine the factors contributing to the high mortality rate in neonatal surgery among those individuals who didn't have access to the NICU. This will inform our recommendations for the worldwide community and the need for NICU care post-operatively. Method: This prospective research was carried out in PIMS hospital from December 2022 to December 2023. Our center has a 15-bed NICU facility, which is almost negligible compared to the patient load of our center. Two hundred patients who underwent surgery during the study were enrolled in our study. Demographic and clinical data were gathered using a questionnaire, and SPSS 25 was used for analysis. Results: Throughout the study period, 33 of 200 neonates died, resulting in a 16.5% mortality rate. Over 53% of these cases were preterm. The research had a minimum gestation age of 29 weeks and a mean gestational age of 35.54 ± 3.56 weeks. The mean newborn's weight had been 2.41 ± 0.52 kg (range: 1.22–3.5 kg). There were more male babies (67.5%) than females. Anorectal malformation was found in four infants who died following surgery. Gastroschisis was discovered in five infants who died after surgery. Sepsis was the most common cause of death following neonatal surgery, amounting to 84.84% of total deaths. Cardiogenic shock was the reason for expiry in 9.09% of the cases, and 6.06% of the cases had respiratory failure as the cause of death. Gastroschisis and esophageal atresia were associated with the most significant mortality. Conclusions: In underdeveloped nations like Pakistan, surgical infants account for a sizable fraction of the total neonatal death rate, most of which may be avoided with proper perioperative and NICU care. Nevertheless, the national health strategy does not give neonatal surgery the priority it deserves. NICUs should be established countrywide to enhance patient care and decrease the overall mortality rate of pediatric surgery.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141837203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.975
Z. Jamil, A. Khan, R. Bibi
Balochistan, a region with one of the highest maternal mortality rates in Pakistan, faces significant challenges in maternal health. This qualitative study focuses on the impact of family planning on maternal health in Quetta, Balochistan, emphasizing the importance of understanding and improving health outcomes for women and their families. Objectives: The primary aim of this study is to explore the experiences and perspectives of women regarding the use of family planning methods and their impact on maternal health and well-being. It aims to compare the health outcomes of women who have utilized family planning methods with those who have not. Method: The research design includes in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) with a diverse sample of women aged 18-45 years and healthcare providers at Sandeman Provincial Hospital, commonly known as Civil Hospital, in Quetta. Purposive sampling was employed to account for age, socioeconomic status, and education level variations. Forty-seven in-depth interviews were conducted to gather rich, contextual data. Thematic analysis was used to identify recurring themes and patterns in the responses. Results: Preliminary findings indicate several key themes, including the motivations for choosing family planning methods, the impact of these methods on reducing pregnancy risks, improving spacing between pregnancies, and enhancing postpartum recovery. Additional insights were gained into the factors influencing the adoption of family planning services, such as cultural norms, religious beliefs, and access to healthcare and information. Conclusion: The study underscores the critical role of family planning in enhancing maternal health outcomes in Quetta, Balochistan. It highlights the need for targeted educational and healthcare interventions to improve the accessibility and acceptance of family planning services, thereby contributing to the well-being of women and their families in the region.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF FAMILY PLANNING ON MATERNAL HEALTH IN QUETTA, BALOCHISTAN: A QUALITATIVE STUDY","authors":"Z. Jamil, A. Khan, R. Bibi","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.975","url":null,"abstract":"Balochistan, a region with one of the highest maternal mortality rates in Pakistan, faces significant challenges in maternal health. This qualitative study focuses on the impact of family planning on maternal health in Quetta, Balochistan, emphasizing the importance of understanding and improving health outcomes for women and their families. Objectives: The primary aim of this study is to explore the experiences and perspectives of women regarding the use of family planning methods and their impact on maternal health and well-being. It aims to compare the health outcomes of women who have utilized family planning methods with those who have not. Method: The research design includes in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGDs) with a diverse sample of women aged 18-45 years and healthcare providers at Sandeman Provincial Hospital, commonly known as Civil Hospital, in Quetta. Purposive sampling was employed to account for age, socioeconomic status, and education level variations. Forty-seven in-depth interviews were conducted to gather rich, contextual data. Thematic analysis was used to identify recurring themes and patterns in the responses. Results: Preliminary findings indicate several key themes, including the motivations for choosing family planning methods, the impact of these methods on reducing pregnancy risks, improving spacing between pregnancies, and enhancing postpartum recovery. Additional insights were gained into the factors influencing the adoption of family planning services, such as cultural norms, religious beliefs, and access to healthcare and information. Conclusion: The study underscores the critical role of family planning in enhancing maternal health outcomes in Quetta, Balochistan. It highlights the need for targeted educational and healthcare interventions to improve the accessibility and acceptance of family planning services, thereby contributing to the well-being of women and their families in the region.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141837209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-04DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.973
Sab Shahzad, I. Shahid, M. Nouman, R. Anis, S. Asif, MU Khan
In the modern era dominated by technological advancements, artificial intelligence (AI) has transcended the realm of science fiction to become a pivotal aspect of various fields, including health sciences. AI innovations like ChatGPT, an AI-based chatbot, have sparked discussions regarding their practical applications in healthcare and academia. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to assess and compare the perceptions of physical therapists and physical therapy students regarding the usability of ChatGPT for information retrieval in academic and clinical settings. Method: A cross-sectional study design was employed. The sample size, calculated to be 176 using G*Power analysis, was equally divided into two groups: 88 physical therapists and 88 physical therapy students. Data collection was conducted via Google Forms and manual questionnaires. Result: Out of the respondents, 39 (47.6%) physical therapy students and 43 (52.4%) physical therapists reported that they perceived ChatGPT and related AI technologies as effective tools for enhancing job performance and academic studies. Additionally, 49 physical therapy students and 52 physical therapists found AI chatbots easy to use. However, statistical analysis revealed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the perceptions of usability between the two groups. Conclusion: The study concluded that physical therapists and physical therapy students share similar perceptions regarding the usability of AI chatbots like ChatGPT for information retrieval in clinical and academic settings. A significant majority of both groups acknowledged the potential benefits of these technologies, highlighting their applicability in professional and educational environments.
{"title":"A COMPARATIVE STUDY REGARDING THE PERCEPTION OF PHYSICAL THERAPIST AND PHYSICAL THERAPY STUDENTS ABOUT USABILITY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE CHATBOT I.E, OPENAI-CHATGPT FOR THE RETRIEVAL OF INFORMATION IN ACADEMIC AND CLINICAL SETTINGS","authors":"Sab Shahzad, I. Shahid, M. Nouman, R. Anis, S. Asif, MU Khan","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.973","url":null,"abstract":"In the modern era dominated by technological advancements, artificial intelligence (AI) has transcended the realm of science fiction to become a pivotal aspect of various fields, including health sciences. AI innovations like ChatGPT, an AI-based chatbot, have sparked discussions regarding their practical applications in healthcare and academia. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to assess and compare the perceptions of physical therapists and physical therapy students regarding the usability of ChatGPT for information retrieval in academic and clinical settings. Method: A cross-sectional study design was employed. The sample size, calculated to be 176 using G*Power analysis, was equally divided into two groups: 88 physical therapists and 88 physical therapy students. Data collection was conducted via Google Forms and manual questionnaires. Result: Out of the respondents, 39 (47.6%) physical therapy students and 43 (52.4%) physical therapists reported that they perceived ChatGPT and related AI technologies as effective tools for enhancing job performance and academic studies. Additionally, 49 physical therapy students and 52 physical therapists found AI chatbots easy to use. However, statistical analysis revealed no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the perceptions of usability between the two groups. Conclusion: The study concluded that physical therapists and physical therapy students share similar perceptions regarding the usability of AI chatbots like ChatGPT for information retrieval in clinical and academic settings. A significant majority of both groups acknowledged the potential benefits of these technologies, highlighting their applicability in professional and educational environments.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141837714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.952
S. Akram, F. Bibi, N. Parveen
Patient safety is a critical aspect of healthcare, and nurses' knowledge and attitudes play a vital role in ensuring safety standards are maintained. Understanding the factors influencing nurses' knowledge and attitudes can help develop strategies to improve patient safety. Objective: To assess nurses’ knowledge and attitudes regarding patient safety and identify factors influencing these aspects. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Nursing Department of a tertiary care hospital from May 2023 to May 2024. A total of 330 full-time nurses were included in the study. Data were collected using a pre-tested 53-item questionnaire available in both English and Urdu. The questionnaire comprised four sections: demographics (age, sex, qualification, and work experience), knowledge about patient safety, attitudes toward patient safety, and factors associated with knowledge and attitude. Statistical analysis was performed to identify factors significantly associated with good knowledge and attitudes, with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. Results: Regarding patient safety knowledge, 49% of nurses had good knowledge, with a mean score of 67.2%. The mean attitude score was 62.4%, and 57% (95% CI: 52.6-60) of participants demonstrated good attitudes towards patient safety. Factors significantly associated with good knowledge included age, qualification, work experience, and prior education and training about patient safety (p<0.05). Age and previous education and training about patient safety were significantly associated with good attitude (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The study revealed that while nurses exhibited moderate knowledge, their attitudes toward patient safety were generally favorable. More years of work experience, higher education, and training significantly contributed to better knowledge and attitudes. Implementing targeted educational and training programs can further enhance nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward patient safety.
{"title":"NURSES’ KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES REGARDING PATIENT SAFETY AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO IT","authors":"S. Akram, F. Bibi, N. Parveen","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.952","url":null,"abstract":"Patient safety is a critical aspect of healthcare, and nurses' knowledge and attitudes play a vital role in ensuring safety standards are maintained. Understanding the factors influencing nurses' knowledge and attitudes can help develop strategies to improve patient safety. Objective: To assess nurses’ knowledge and attitudes regarding patient safety and identify factors influencing these aspects. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Nursing Department of a tertiary care hospital from May 2023 to May 2024. A total of 330 full-time nurses were included in the study. Data were collected using a pre-tested 53-item questionnaire available in both English and Urdu. The questionnaire comprised four sections: demographics (age, sex, qualification, and work experience), knowledge about patient safety, attitudes toward patient safety, and factors associated with knowledge and attitude. Statistical analysis was performed to identify factors significantly associated with good knowledge and attitudes, with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. Results: Regarding patient safety knowledge, 49% of nurses had good knowledge, with a mean score of 67.2%. The mean attitude score was 62.4%, and 57% (95% CI: 52.6-60) of participants demonstrated good attitudes towards patient safety. Factors significantly associated with good knowledge included age, qualification, work experience, and prior education and training about patient safety (p<0.05). Age and previous education and training about patient safety were significantly associated with good attitude (p≤0.05). Conclusion: The study revealed that while nurses exhibited moderate knowledge, their attitudes toward patient safety were generally favorable. More years of work experience, higher education, and training significantly contributed to better knowledge and attitudes. Implementing targeted educational and training programs can further enhance nurses' knowledge and attitudes toward patient safety.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141838195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.896
NU Huda, UA Ali, W. Abbasi
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. Thyroid dysfunction is frequently observed in patients with metabolic syndrome, impacting their overall health outcomes. Objective: To determine the frequency of thyroid dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, from September 2023 to March 2024. A total of 120 patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome were included. The patients' thyroid function was assessed through clinical evaluation and laboratory tests, including serum levels of TSH, free T3, and free T4. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics to determine the frequency of thyroid dysfunction, with results expressed as percentages and means ± standard deviations. Results: The average age of the 120 patients was 44.64±9.01 years. The frequency of thyroid dysfunction among these patients was 68.4% (82/120). Subclinical hypothyroidism was present in 27.5% (33/120), hypothyroidism in 14.2% (17/120), and subclinical hyperthyroidism in 4.2% (5/120). Conclusion: The study found a high frequency of thyroid dysfunction (68.4%) in patients with metabolic syndrome, with subclinical hypothyroidism being the most prevalent form. These findings highlight the importance of regular thyroid function screening in patients with metabolic syndrome to ensure early diagnosis and management.
{"title":"FREQUENCY OF THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN CASES OF METABOLIC SYNDROME PRESENTING AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL","authors":"NU Huda, UA Ali, W. Abbasi","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.896","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. Thyroid dysfunction is frequently observed in patients with metabolic syndrome, impacting their overall health outcomes. Objective: To determine the frequency of thyroid dysfunction in patients with metabolic syndrome. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Medicine, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, from September 2023 to March 2024. A total of 120 patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome were included. The patients' thyroid function was assessed through clinical evaluation and laboratory tests, including serum levels of TSH, free T3, and free T4. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics to determine the frequency of thyroid dysfunction, with results expressed as percentages and means ± standard deviations. Results: The average age of the 120 patients was 44.64±9.01 years. The frequency of thyroid dysfunction among these patients was 68.4% (82/120). Subclinical hypothyroidism was present in 27.5% (33/120), hypothyroidism in 14.2% (17/120), and subclinical hyperthyroidism in 4.2% (5/120). Conclusion: The study found a high frequency of thyroid dysfunction (68.4%) in patients with metabolic syndrome, with subclinical hypothyroidism being the most prevalent form. These findings highlight the importance of regular thyroid function screening in patients with metabolic syndrome to ensure early diagnosis and management.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141340938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-14DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.874
U. Anwar, I. Ilahi, M. Usman, FL KHAN, HS Salahuddin, M. Arif
Acute ischemic stroke often has a poor clinical prognosis due to its significant complications, including serious pulmonary and neurological problems. Stroke-acquired pneumonia (SAP) refers to any respiratory tract infection developing within 7 days following a stroke. Objective: To determine the actual incidence of SAP in ICU patients. Methods: A descriptive analysis was conducted on stroke patients hospitalized at DHQ City and South City Okara hospitals. Personal data such as name, age, sex, and duration of stroke were collected and recorded on a prepared proforma, along with previous histories of hypertension, diabetes, and smoking. Patients were then transferred to the intensive care unit and observed for three consecutive days. Data were collected if pneumonia associated with a stroke was diagnosed within 72 hours, according to the operating criteria, and recorded on the proforma. Results: Among the 80 stroke patients included in the study, 38 (47.5%) were female and 42 (52.5%) were male. The participants' average age was 53.75±8.75 years, and the mean duration since stroke onset was 7.42±3.63 hours. SAP was observed in 11 (13.75%) patients. SAP occurred in 6 (15.78%) female patients compared to 5 (11.90%) male patients (p=0.35). SAP was present in 5 (26.3%) diabetic patients versus 6 (9.83%) non-diabetic patients (p=0.14). SAP was detected in 4 (25%) hypertensive patients and 2 (11.7%) patients with a history of smoking, with p-values of 0.41 and 0.37, respectively. SAP was identified in 9 (17.3%) patients with a stroke duration of 6-12 hours. Conclusion: Stroke-associated pneumonia affects more than one in ten patients. Females, individuals with a history of hypertension, and diabetes, and those with a stroke duration of 6 to 12 hours are more likely to develop this condition. However, none of these factors reached statistical significance.
{"title":"THE PREVALENCE OF STROKE-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN ICU PATIENTS FOLLOWING A CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT (CVA)","authors":"U. Anwar, I. Ilahi, M. Usman, FL KHAN, HS Salahuddin, M. Arif","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.874","url":null,"abstract":"Acute ischemic stroke often has a poor clinical prognosis due to its significant complications, including serious pulmonary and neurological problems. Stroke-acquired pneumonia (SAP) refers to any respiratory tract infection developing within 7 days following a stroke. Objective: To determine the actual incidence of SAP in ICU patients. Methods: A descriptive analysis was conducted on stroke patients hospitalized at DHQ City and South City Okara hospitals. Personal data such as name, age, sex, and duration of stroke were collected and recorded on a prepared proforma, along with previous histories of hypertension, diabetes, and smoking. Patients were then transferred to the intensive care unit and observed for three consecutive days. Data were collected if pneumonia associated with a stroke was diagnosed within 72 hours, according to the operating criteria, and recorded on the proforma. Results: Among the 80 stroke patients included in the study, 38 (47.5%) were female and 42 (52.5%) were male. The participants' average age was 53.75±8.75 years, and the mean duration since stroke onset was 7.42±3.63 hours. SAP was observed in 11 (13.75%) patients. SAP occurred in 6 (15.78%) female patients compared to 5 (11.90%) male patients (p=0.35). SAP was present in 5 (26.3%) diabetic patients versus 6 (9.83%) non-diabetic patients (p=0.14). SAP was detected in 4 (25%) hypertensive patients and 2 (11.7%) patients with a history of smoking, with p-values of 0.41 and 0.37, respectively. SAP was identified in 9 (17.3%) patients with a stroke duration of 6-12 hours. Conclusion: Stroke-associated pneumonia affects more than one in ten patients. Females, individuals with a history of hypertension, and diabetes, and those with a stroke duration of 6 to 12 hours are more likely to develop this condition. However, none of these factors reached statistical significance.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141343888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：