Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.879
T. Shaheen, LG Mui, R. Nordin
Labor pain is the most severe pain that first-time pregnant women experience during pregnancy and childbirth. If labor pain and anxiety are not addressed, they can lead to abnormal labor. Although there are many complementary non-pharmacological approaches to coping with labor pain, the quality of evidence is low and the best approaches are not established. This study protocol describes a proposed investigation of the effects of Lamaze breathing exercises and back massage on the labor experiences of first-time pregnant women.
{"title":"EFFECTIVENESS OF BACK MASSAGE & LAMAZE BREATHING ON LABOR OUTCOMES AMONG PRIMIGRAVIDA IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS, LAHORE PAKISTAN: A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL","authors":"T. Shaheen, LG Mui, R. Nordin","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.879","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.879","url":null,"abstract":"Labor pain is the most severe pain that first-time pregnant women experience during pregnancy and childbirth. If labor pain and anxiety are not addressed, they can lead to abnormal labor. Although there are many complementary non-pharmacological approaches to coping with labor pain, the quality of evidence is low and the best approaches are not established. This study protocol describes a proposed investigation of the effects of Lamaze breathing exercises and back massage on the labor experiences of first-time pregnant women.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":"55 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-02DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.887
S. Khan, H. Manzoor, A. Mateen, M. Usman, S. Shah, W. Hasan, A. Samad, A. Ali, M. Muzammil, M. Rehman, M. Fatima, S. Ahmad
The role of the dairy industry is significant in the agricultural sector since it supplies much-required goods to the global food industry. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find surgical interventions to treat infertility in ruminant’s specifically dairy animals. Methodology of the study: This retrospective study design was conducted at farms in the vicinity of district Lahore from March 2023 to March 2024. 240 dairy cows and heifers were selected based on criterion. These were animals presented for diagnosis by a veterinarian with clinical signs, reproductive examination, and laboratory examination suggesting that they were infertile. Samples were selected from different places ensuring that it cuts across different types of dairy farms in terms of management practices and the type of environment the farms are located in within the study area. Results: Data were collected from 240 dairy cows. Among the 240 participants, with an average age of 4.2 years, Holstein Friesian constituted the majority breed, accounting for 62.5%, followed by Jersey (20.8%) and other breeds (16.7%). Parity distribution revealed that 33.3% were primiparous (first calving) while 66.7% were multiparous. Procedures that were focused on this general area of operative criteria showed desirable results. Compared to women with adnexal adhesions, women with uterine adhesions exhibited similar recovery profiles; in 100 cases of adhesiolysis, 80% of patients displayed better reproductive outcomes post-surgery. Conclusion: It is concluded that surgical interventions play a crucial role in enhancing fertility outcomes among dairy ruminants, offering effective solutions for addressing reproductive abnormalities.
{"title":"SURGICAL INTERVENTIONS TO TREAT INFERTILITY IN RUMINANTS SPECIFICALLY DAIRY ANIMALS","authors":"S. Khan, H. Manzoor, A. Mateen, M. Usman, S. Shah, W. Hasan, A. Samad, A. Ali, M. Muzammil, M. Rehman, M. Fatima, S. Ahmad","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.887","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.887","url":null,"abstract":"The role of the dairy industry is significant in the agricultural sector since it supplies much-required goods to the global food industry. Objectives: The main objective of the study is to find surgical interventions to treat infertility in ruminant’s specifically dairy animals. Methodology of the study: This retrospective study design was conducted at farms in the vicinity of district Lahore from March 2023 to March 2024. 240 dairy cows and heifers were selected based on criterion. These were animals presented for diagnosis by a veterinarian with clinical signs, reproductive examination, and laboratory examination suggesting that they were infertile. Samples were selected from different places ensuring that it cuts across different types of dairy farms in terms of management practices and the type of environment the farms are located in within the study area. Results: Data were collected from 240 dairy cows. Among the 240 participants, with an average age of 4.2 years, Holstein Friesian constituted the majority breed, accounting for 62.5%, followed by Jersey (20.8%) and other breeds (16.7%). Parity distribution revealed that 33.3% were primiparous (first calving) while 66.7% were multiparous. Procedures that were focused on this general area of operative criteria showed desirable results. Compared to women with adnexal adhesions, women with uterine adhesions exhibited similar recovery profiles; in 100 cases of adhesiolysis, 80% of patients displayed better reproductive outcomes post-surgery. Conclusion: It is concluded that surgical interventions play a crucial role in enhancing fertility outcomes among dairy ruminants, offering effective solutions for addressing reproductive abnormalities.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":"91 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141389543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-02DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.873
ZU Nisa, B. Mubeen, S. Tabasum
Needlestick injuries (NSIs) pose significant occupational hazards for nursing students, who are at high risk due to their clinical practice. Understanding their knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards NSIs is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies. Objective: To assess the prevalence of NSIs among nursing students and evaluate their knowledge, attitude, and practice towards NSIs. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan from January 2023 to December 2023. Nursing students from the 2nd to final year were included, given their clinical exposure and high risk of NSIs. Data were collected through an online questionnaire based on previous studies, and distributed via email. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, with means and standard deviations calculated for continuous variables and frequencies and percentages for categorical variables. Results: A total of 280 students participated in the survey. Sixty-seven students (23.9%) experienced NSIs, primarily during recapping (74.6%) and injections (21%). Most students (76.1%) did not report the incidents. The mean NSI knowledge score was 6.5 ± 1.3, and the mean attitude score was 27.5 ± 4.13, indicating a generally positive attitude. One hundred ninety-six students (70%) had received the Hepatitis B vaccine, 152 (54.2%) were worried about NSIs, 201 (71.7%) believed NSIs are preventable, and 150 (53.5%) felt NSIs are neglected. The mean practice score was 14.2 ± 2.1, indicating poor practice. Additionally, 140 students (50%) reported recapping needles before discarding, 98 (35%) wore gloves before injections/venipuncture, 64 (22.8%) practised one-handed recapping, 168 Conclusion: (60%) used personal protective equipment (PPE), and 56 (20%) rinsed with water and soap after an NSI. Nursing students demonstrated good knowledge and a satisfactory attitude towards NSIs; however, their practice levels were low. Enhanced training and strict adherence to safety protocols are needed to improve their practices and reduce the incidence of NSIs.
{"title":"EVALUATING THE OCCURRENCE OF NEEDLE STICK INJURIES AMONG NURSING STUDENTS","authors":"ZU Nisa, B. Mubeen, S. Tabasum","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.873","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.873","url":null,"abstract":"Needlestick injuries (NSIs) pose significant occupational hazards for nursing students, who are at high risk due to their clinical practice. Understanding their knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards NSIs is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies. Objective: To assess the prevalence of NSIs among nursing students and evaluate their knowledge, attitude, and practice towards NSIs. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted at Sheikh Zayed Hospital Rahim Yar Khan from January 2023 to December 2023. Nursing students from the 2nd to final year were included, given their clinical exposure and high risk of NSIs. Data were collected through an online questionnaire based on previous studies, and distributed via email. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data, with means and standard deviations calculated for continuous variables and frequencies and percentages for categorical variables. Results: A total of 280 students participated in the survey. Sixty-seven students (23.9%) experienced NSIs, primarily during recapping (74.6%) and injections (21%). Most students (76.1%) did not report the incidents. The mean NSI knowledge score was 6.5 ± 1.3, and the mean attitude score was 27.5 ± 4.13, indicating a generally positive attitude. One hundred ninety-six students (70%) had received the Hepatitis B vaccine, 152 (54.2%) were worried about NSIs, 201 (71.7%) believed NSIs are preventable, and 150 (53.5%) felt NSIs are neglected. The mean practice score was 14.2 ± 2.1, indicating poor practice. Additionally, 140 students (50%) reported recapping needles before discarding, 98 (35%) wore gloves before injections/venipuncture, 64 (22.8%) practised one-handed recapping, 168 Conclusion: (60%) used personal protective equipment (PPE), and 56 (20%) rinsed with water and soap after an NSI. Nursing students demonstrated good knowledge and a satisfactory attitude towards NSIs; however, their practice levels were low. Enhanced training and strict adherence to safety protocols are needed to improve their practices and reduce the incidence of NSIs.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":"46 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141274039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-16DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.841
A AHMAD, Hab Amin, UR ZAINAB, T. Javaid, RA IQBAL, MA Khalid, F SHAMIM, NH KHAN, HM Ahmad, ALK TIPU
This study evaluated several crop development techniques in addition to the effects of climate change on productivity in agriculture. Climate affects agricultural productivity and the distribution of crops worldwide. Given the current and projected variations in temperature, precipitation, and carbon dioxide concentrations, it is unclear whether agroecosystems will be able to produce enough food to meet the world's needs. Crop output, water productivity, and soil water balance are frequently altered by climate change. Soil moisture content and groundwater levels will be affected by the immediate effects of global warming-induced changes in temperature and precipitation patterns. Agricultural output is affected by several factors, such as crop variety, growing circumstances, soil deterioration, and water availability. Modern agricultural systems use genetics, biotechnology, plant breeding, environmental monitoring, and adjustments to management techniques to adapt to climate change. On the other hand, without a more thorough approach to agricultural systems, development cannot proceed. A strategy like this would mean growing amounts of a wider variety of superior crops and advancing equity, sustainability, nutrition, and food security in the future.
{"title":"CROP IMPROVEMENT THROUGH DIFFERENT MEANS TO ADDRESS CLIMATE CHANGE AND FOOD SECURITY","authors":"A AHMAD, Hab Amin, UR ZAINAB, T. Javaid, RA IQBAL, MA Khalid, F SHAMIM, NH KHAN, HM Ahmad, ALK TIPU","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.841","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated several crop development techniques in addition to the effects of climate change on productivity in agriculture. Climate affects agricultural productivity and the distribution of crops worldwide. Given the current and projected variations in temperature, precipitation, and carbon dioxide concentrations, it is unclear whether agroecosystems will be able to produce enough food to meet the world's needs. Crop output, water productivity, and soil water balance are frequently altered by climate change. Soil moisture content and groundwater levels will be affected by the immediate effects of global warming-induced changes in temperature and precipitation patterns. Agricultural output is affected by several factors, such as crop variety, growing circumstances, soil deterioration, and water availability. Modern agricultural systems use genetics, biotechnology, plant breeding, environmental monitoring, and adjustments to management techniques to adapt to climate change. On the other hand, without a more thorough approach to agricultural systems, development cannot proceed. A strategy like this would mean growing amounts of a wider variety of superior crops and advancing equity, sustainability, nutrition, and food security in the future.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":"49 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140969357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.838
N. Ullah, .. Rafiullah, M. Irfan, H. Kausar, A. Rajper, V KUMAR, S. Magsi
Surgical Time Out protocols are pivotal for ensuring patient safety in operating rooms (ORs), designed to prevent surgical errors such as wrong-patient surgery and retained surgical instruments. Despite established protocols, adherence varies, with potentially fatal outcomes. Aim: The study aims to assess the knowledge and implementation of Surgical Time Out protocols among surgical nurses at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rawalpindi, determining the impact on patient safety and surgical outcomes. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 150 OR nurses selected through convenience sampling. A validated questionnaire was employed to collect data on the nurses' knowledge and application of Time Out protocols. Results: Results showed that 68% of nurses had adequate knowledge regarding Time Out protocols, recognizing their essential role in patient safety. Nevertheless, 32% had insufficient knowledge, which could compromise surgical safety. Conclusion: The study concludes that while a majority of nurses understand the importance of Surgical Time Out protocols, there is a significant portion who require further training. It emphasizes the necessity of regular, structured training programs to enhance adherence to Time Out protocols, thereby improving patient safety and reducing preventable surgical complications.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE AMONG SURGICAL NURSES REGARDING SURGICAL TIME OUT PROTOCOLS IN THE OPERATING ROOM AT TERTIARY HOSPITAL RAWALPINDI","authors":"N. Ullah, .. Rafiullah, M. Irfan, H. Kausar, A. Rajper, V KUMAR, S. Magsi","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.838","url":null,"abstract":"Surgical Time Out protocols are pivotal for ensuring patient safety in operating rooms (ORs), designed to prevent surgical errors such as wrong-patient surgery and retained surgical instruments. Despite established protocols, adherence varies, with potentially fatal outcomes. Aim: The study aims to assess the knowledge and implementation of Surgical Time Out protocols among surgical nurses at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Rawalpindi, determining the impact on patient safety and surgical outcomes. Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study involving 150 OR nurses selected through convenience sampling. A validated questionnaire was employed to collect data on the nurses' knowledge and application of Time Out protocols. Results: Results showed that 68% of nurses had adequate knowledge regarding Time Out protocols, recognizing their essential role in patient safety. Nevertheless, 32% had insufficient knowledge, which could compromise surgical safety. Conclusion: The study concludes that while a majority of nurses understand the importance of Surgical Time Out protocols, there is a significant portion who require further training. It emphasizes the necessity of regular, structured training programs to enhance adherence to Time Out protocols, thereby improving patient safety and reducing preventable surgical complications.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":"139 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140976822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.819
M. Nazar, FU Rehman, H. Asif, HA Hashmi, A. Rehman, M. Arshad, K. Hussain, M. Shahzad, Z. Ullah, M. Awais
Stray dogs are integrally linked with rabies transmission, and a sizeable unmanaged dog population hinders rabies control program planners. Dog population management (DPM) is one of the best strategies to control rabies transmission, improve health management, and lower the population size of stray dogs. The threat of rabies is very serious due to free-roaming dogs. Foxes, skunks, groundhogs, raccoons, and house bats are rabies vector species and can carry rabies virus without showing any symptoms. Rabies is a life-threatening disease that affects thousands of losses worldwide every year. World Rabies Day is an international awareness campaign coordinated by the Global Alliance for Rabies Control (GARC). In Pakistan, there are reportedly 3 million stray dogs. More than one million dog bite cases are reported annually throughout Pakistan. About 600 dog bite cases are reported daily in the Sindh province, Pakistan. Due to an uncontrolled number of stray dogs, many serious problems arise related to public health, socio-economic, and political issues. The Animal Act of 1890 provides a specific defense against cruelty and establishes its importance in Pakistani culture. Developing long-term and supportable strategies is imperative to overcome the stray animal population worldwide. To overcome the rabies issue in Pakistan, the government should implement projects on breeding control of stray dogs through spaying and neutering surgeries. The government should also provide proper shelters for dogs and rabies vaccines. There is a need to be aware of basic preventive measures such as disinfectants and rabies vaccination. Public awareness, rabies vaccination, and dog sterilization at the national level are crucial factors in preventing rabies and managing the dog population in Pakistan.
{"title":"PROGRESSIVE CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES IN THE ELIMINATION OF RABIES AMONG THE STRAY DOG (CANIS FAMILIARIS) POPULATION IN PAKISTAN","authors":"M. Nazar, FU Rehman, H. Asif, HA Hashmi, A. Rehman, M. Arshad, K. Hussain, M. Shahzad, Z. Ullah, M. Awais","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.819","url":null,"abstract":"Stray dogs are integrally linked with rabies transmission, and a sizeable unmanaged dog population hinders rabies control program planners. Dog population management (DPM) is one of the best strategies to control rabies transmission, improve health management, and lower the population size of stray dogs. The threat of rabies is very serious due to free-roaming dogs. Foxes, skunks, groundhogs, raccoons, and house bats are rabies vector species and can carry rabies virus without showing any symptoms. Rabies is a life-threatening disease that affects thousands of losses worldwide every year. World Rabies Day is an international awareness campaign coordinated by the Global Alliance for Rabies Control (GARC). In Pakistan, there are reportedly 3 million stray dogs. More than one million dog bite cases are reported annually throughout Pakistan. About 600 dog bite cases are reported daily in the Sindh province, Pakistan. Due to an uncontrolled number of stray dogs, many serious problems arise related to public health, socio-economic, and political issues. The Animal Act of 1890 provides a specific defense against cruelty and establishes its importance in Pakistani culture. Developing long-term and supportable strategies is imperative to overcome the stray animal population worldwide. To overcome the rabies issue in Pakistan, the government should implement projects on breeding control of stray dogs through spaying and neutering surgeries. The government should also provide proper shelters for dogs and rabies vaccines. There is a need to be aware of basic preventive measures such as disinfectants and rabies vaccination. Public awareness, rabies vaccination, and dog sterilization at the national level are crucial factors in preventing rabies and managing the dog population in Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140979730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.840
S. Akram, M. Khalid, S. Mustafa, M. Saif, AB Saqib, S. Yousaf
Intrauterine devices (IUDs) serve as long-term contraceptive methods by being inserted into the uterine cavity to prevent fertilization. Copper-based IUDs and levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs are among the most commonly used types, offering an effective alternative to hormonal contraception methods like the "morning-after" pill. Objective: The study aims to assess the effectiveness of intrauterine contraceptive devices in multiparous women during the early postpartum period. Methods: This descriptive case series was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shalamar Hospital, Lahore. The study spanned six months, from 26-08-2019 to 25-02-2020. A total of 109 multiparous women were included, who received IUD insertion via the vaginal route within 48 hours post-delivery. Follow-up was conducted in the outpatient department (OPD) for six months, with subsequent confirmation of IUD presence. Complications were evaluated, and effectiveness was assessed. Results: The average age of participants was 30.0±4.6 years, with an average gestation period of 30.0±4.6 weeks, BMI of 25.4±2.8 kg/m2, and parity of 3.0±0.9. The majority of subjects were enrolled (41.3%), followed by secondary (33%), primary (19.3%), and illiterate (6.4%). Intrauterine contraceptive effectiveness was monitored in 69 women (63.3%). Conclusion: The study concludes a high effectiveness rate (63.3%) of IUDs in multiparous women. Copper T emerges as the most effective, safe, long-acting, and commonly used contraception method.
{"title":"EFFECTIVENESS OF INTRAUTERINE CONTRACEPTION DEVICE IN MULTIPAROUS WOMEN","authors":"S. Akram, M. Khalid, S. Mustafa, M. Saif, AB Saqib, S. Yousaf","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.840","url":null,"abstract":"Intrauterine devices (IUDs) serve as long-term contraceptive methods by being inserted into the uterine cavity to prevent fertilization. Copper-based IUDs and levonorgestrel-releasing IUDs are among the most commonly used types, offering an effective alternative to hormonal contraception methods like the \"morning-after\" pill. Objective: The study aims to assess the effectiveness of intrauterine contraceptive devices in multiparous women during the early postpartum period. Methods: This descriptive case series was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shalamar Hospital, Lahore. The study spanned six months, from 26-08-2019 to 25-02-2020. A total of 109 multiparous women were included, who received IUD insertion via the vaginal route within 48 hours post-delivery. Follow-up was conducted in the outpatient department (OPD) for six months, with subsequent confirmation of IUD presence. Complications were evaluated, and effectiveness was assessed. Results: The average age of participants was 30.0±4.6 years, with an average gestation period of 30.0±4.6 weeks, BMI of 25.4±2.8 kg/m2, and parity of 3.0±0.9. The majority of subjects were enrolled (41.3%), followed by secondary (33%), primary (19.3%), and illiterate (6.4%). Intrauterine contraceptive effectiveness was monitored in 69 women (63.3%). Conclusion: The study concludes a high effectiveness rate (63.3%) of IUDs in multiparous women. Copper T emerges as the most effective, safe, long-acting, and commonly used contraception method.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":"51 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140980785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-11DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.828
S. Ullah, J. Hussain
Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) and coronary artery stenotic disease (CASD) represent distinct pathologies of the coronary arteries with remarkable clinical and angiographic features. Objectives: The study aims to find the angiographic features of patients with coronary artery ectasia compared with stenotic coronary artery disease. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Prime Teaching Hospital Peshawar from April 2023 to March 2024. Data were collected from 185 patients. Patients with a history of coronary artery bypass grafting or coronary intervention were excluded from the study. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, including age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking history and presenting symptoms, were collected from electronic medical records. Results: Data were collected from 185 patients. The mean age of patients in the CAE group was 58.5 ± 8.3 years, and the CAD group was 63.2 ± 7.9 years. 55.6% of the male group was in CAE and 87% in the CAD group. Out of 185, 33% suffered from hypertension in CAE and 81.4% in the CAD group. The most common comorbidity was hyperlipidemia in the CAD group (72.9%). Stable angina was present in 44.4% of CAE and 60.7% of the CAD group. Unstable angina is most common in the CAD group (21.4%), and AMI was 10.7% and 11.1% in the CAD and CAE groups, respectively. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) was most common in the CAD group, which was 75%. Conclusion: It is concluded that coronary artery ectasia (CAE) presents distinct angiographic and clinical features compared to stenotic coronary artery disease (CAD), including localised or diffuse dilatation of coronary arteries, a higher prevalence of silent ischemia, and lower utilisation of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
{"title":"ANGIOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY ECTASIA COMPARED WITH STENOTIC CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE","authors":"S. Ullah, J. Hussain","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.828","url":null,"abstract":"Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) and coronary artery stenotic disease (CASD) represent distinct pathologies of the coronary arteries with remarkable clinical and angiographic features. Objectives: The study aims to find the angiographic features of patients with coronary artery ectasia compared with stenotic coronary artery disease. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at Prime Teaching Hospital Peshawar from April 2023 to March 2024. Data were collected from 185 patients. Patients with a history of coronary artery bypass grafting or coronary intervention were excluded from the study. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics, including age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking history and presenting symptoms, were collected from electronic medical records. Results: Data were collected from 185 patients. The mean age of patients in the CAE group was 58.5 ± 8.3 years, and the CAD group was 63.2 ± 7.9 years. 55.6% of the male group was in CAE and 87% in the CAD group. Out of 185, 33% suffered from hypertension in CAE and 81.4% in the CAD group. The most common comorbidity was hyperlipidemia in the CAD group (72.9%). Stable angina was present in 44.4% of CAE and 60.7% of the CAD group. Unstable angina is most common in the CAD group (21.4%), and AMI was 10.7% and 11.1% in the CAD and CAE groups, respectively. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) was most common in the CAD group, which was 75%. Conclusion: It is concluded that coronary artery ectasia (CAE) presents distinct angiographic and clinical features compared to stenotic coronary artery disease (CAD), including localised or diffuse dilatation of coronary arteries, a higher prevalence of silent ischemia, and lower utilisation of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":" September","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140989705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.836
A. Nawaz, S. Shah, A. Ahmed, M. Ullah
Diabetic gastroparesis, a common complication of diabetes mellitus, presents a challenging clinical scenario characterised by delayed gastric emptying and symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloating. Objectives: The primary aim of the study is to compare domperidone vs metoclopramide to evaluate their efficacy in treating diabetic gastroparesis. Methods: This comparative study was conducted in DHQ Hospital Nowshera Khyber Pakhtunkhwa—from June 2022 to June 2023. Data was collected from 190 patients from both genders. Patients meeting the inclusion criteria are randomised into Group A (Domperidone) and Group B (Metoclopramide). The severity of gastroparesis symptoms is assessed using validated symptom-scoring tools before treatment initiation and at regular intervals throughout the study. Results: Data was collected from 190 patients suffering from DM. The mean age of the patients in group A was 52.4 ± 8.2 years and in group B, 53.1 ± 7.5 years. There were 105 female and 185 male patients. The mean duration of DM is 12.3 ± 4.1 years and 11.8 ± 3.8 years in groups A and B, respectively. Group A (Domperidone) and Group B (Metoclopramide) demonstrated significant improvement in symptom scores from baseline to the final assessment. Group A exhibited a substantial reduction in symptom score from 18.2 ± 4.5 at baseline to 8.7 ± 3.2 at the end of the study (p < 0.001), while Group B showed a decrease from 17.9 ± 4.3 to 9.5 ± 3.8 (p < 0.001). Moreover, both groups experienced notable reductions in gastric emptying time. Conclusion: It is concluded that both domperidone and metoclopramide are effective in managing diabetic gastroparesis, with nuances in their safety profiles.
{"title":"DOMPERIDONE VS METOCLOPRAMIDE: COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF EFFICACY IN TREATING DIABETIC GASTROPARESIS","authors":"A. Nawaz, S. Shah, A. Ahmed, M. Ullah","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.836","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic gastroparesis, a common complication of diabetes mellitus, presents a challenging clinical scenario characterised by delayed gastric emptying and symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloating. Objectives: The primary aim of the study is to compare domperidone vs metoclopramide to evaluate their efficacy in treating diabetic gastroparesis. Methods: This comparative study was conducted in DHQ Hospital Nowshera Khyber Pakhtunkhwa—from June 2022 to June 2023. Data was collected from 190 patients from both genders. Patients meeting the inclusion criteria are randomised into Group A (Domperidone) and Group B (Metoclopramide). The severity of gastroparesis symptoms is assessed using validated symptom-scoring tools before treatment initiation and at regular intervals throughout the study. Results: Data was collected from 190 patients suffering from DM. The mean age of the patients in group A was 52.4 ± 8.2 years and in group B, 53.1 ± 7.5 years. There were 105 female and 185 male patients. The mean duration of DM is 12.3 ± 4.1 years and 11.8 ± 3.8 years in groups A and B, respectively. Group A (Domperidone) and Group B (Metoclopramide) demonstrated significant improvement in symptom scores from baseline to the final assessment. Group A exhibited a substantial reduction in symptom score from 18.2 ± 4.5 at baseline to 8.7 ± 3.2 at the end of the study (p < 0.001), while Group B showed a decrease from 17.9 ± 4.3 to 9.5 ± 3.8 (p < 0.001). Moreover, both groups experienced notable reductions in gastric emptying time. Conclusion: It is concluded that both domperidone and metoclopramide are effective in managing diabetic gastroparesis, with nuances in their safety profiles.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":" 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.829
U. Tahira, AH Khan, F. Khan, R. Rashid, S. Saeed, HU Talha
In rural settings, access to maternal health information is often limited, contributing to disparities in maternal healthcare utilization and outcomes. The main objective of the study is to find the rural women perceptions of digital media influence on awareness creation about maternal health information in Punjab, Pakistan. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Lahore from August 2023 to January 2024. Data was collected from 350 participants using convenience sampling methods. Data collection involved the administration of structured surveys to participants, either in-person or through electronic means, depending on their accessibility and preferences. The survey instrument was designed to capture demographic information, including age, education level, household income, and parity, as well as assess participants' access to digital media, frequency of usage, preferred platforms, and perceived usefulness of digital media for obtaining maternal health information. Data was collected from 350 participants. The mean age of the participants was 32.9±6.5 years Education levels varied, with 60% having primary education, 30% secondary, and 10% tertiary education. Regarding household income, 70% fell below the poverty line, while 30% were above it. Participants reported relatively high mean scores for their engagement with digital media platforms. Social media received the highest mean score of 3.8, followed by search engines with a mean score of 3.5, and maternal health websites/apps with a slightly lower mean score of 3.2. It is concluded that digital media, particularly social media platforms, play a significant role in providing access to maternal health information among rural women, despite variations in access and perceived usefulness across demographic groups.
{"title":"RURAL WOMEN PERCEPTIONS OF DIGITAL MEDIA INFLUENCE ON AWARENESS CREATION ABOUT MATERNAL HEALTH INFORMATION IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN","authors":"U. Tahira, AH Khan, F. Khan, R. Rashid, S. Saeed, HU Talha","doi":"10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54112/bcsrj.v2024i1.829","url":null,"abstract":"In rural settings, access to maternal health information is often limited, contributing to disparities in maternal healthcare utilization and outcomes. The main objective of the study is to find the rural women perceptions of digital media influence on awareness creation about maternal health information in Punjab, Pakistan. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Lahore from August 2023 to January 2024. Data was collected from 350 participants using convenience sampling methods. Data collection involved the administration of structured surveys to participants, either in-person or through electronic means, depending on their accessibility and preferences. The survey instrument was designed to capture demographic information, including age, education level, household income, and parity, as well as assess participants' access to digital media, frequency of usage, preferred platforms, and perceived usefulness of digital media for obtaining maternal health information. Data was collected from 350 participants. The mean age of the participants was 32.9±6.5 years Education levels varied, with 60% having primary education, 30% secondary, and 10% tertiary education. Regarding household income, 70% fell below the poverty line, while 30% were above it. Participants reported relatively high mean scores for their engagement with digital media platforms. Social media received the highest mean score of 3.8, followed by search engines with a mean score of 3.5, and maternal health websites/apps with a slightly lower mean score of 3.2. It is concluded that digital media, particularly social media platforms, play a significant role in providing access to maternal health information among rural women, despite variations in access and perceived usefulness across demographic groups.","PeriodicalId":504575,"journal":{"name":"Biological and Clinical Sciences Research Journal","volume":" 56","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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