Pub Date : 2024-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109066
Matia Pavkovic , Alexandre Carpentier , Sylvain Duhamel , Laure Carassou , Jérémy Lobry , Eric Feunteun , Nils Teichert
Estuaries are complex ecotones including multiple lateral habitats that play essential functions for fish assemblages. However, the distribution of fish diversity and community assembly processes remain poorly documented in these habitats. This paper investigated the taxonomic and functional diversities of fish assemblages along lateral continuums of three salinity areas over the longitudinal gradient of the Seine Estuary. We examined fish diversity at a local scale (⍺-diversity) and between local scales (β-diversity) across the lateral habitats (estuarine main channel, tidal marsh, and diked marsh). Overall, the taxonomic diversity follows a typical ecotone distribution, with the highest richness reported at the system margins and high species dissimilarity between communities. The decrease of functional diversity in upper part of the lateral ecotone probably reflects the homogenisation of ecological niches. Changes in assembly processes between the three salinity conditions suggests that several lateral ecotones occur in estuaries with complementary functions for fish assemblages.
{"title":"Estuarine lateral ecotones shape taxonomic and functional structure of fish assemblages. The case of the Seine Estuary, France","authors":"Matia Pavkovic , Alexandre Carpentier , Sylvain Duhamel , Laure Carassou , Jérémy Lobry , Eric Feunteun , Nils Teichert","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estuaries are complex ecotones including multiple lateral habitats that play essential functions for fish assemblages. However, the distribution of fish diversity and community assembly processes remain poorly documented in these habitats. This paper investigated the taxonomic and functional diversities of fish assemblages along lateral continuums of three salinity areas over the longitudinal gradient of the Seine Estuary. We examined fish diversity at a local scale (⍺-diversity) and between local scales (β-diversity) across the lateral habitats (estuarine main channel, tidal marsh, and diked marsh). Overall, the taxonomic diversity follows a typical ecotone distribution, with the highest richness reported at the system margins and high species dissimilarity between communities. The decrease of functional diversity in upper part of the lateral ecotone probably reflects the homogenisation of ecological niches. Changes in assembly processes between the three salinity conditions suggests that several lateral ecotones occur in estuaries with complementary functions for fish assemblages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109066"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109059
Kyung Ah Koo , James A. Nelson , Emily S. Davenport , Charles S. Hopkinson
We used four stable isotopes to determine the spatial variability in the diet of Mya arenaria in the Plum Island Sound estuary, Massachusetts, USA and compared diet to the production rate of dietary food sources. Clams were collected for a year along the estuary and their diet determined at each site with four stable isotopes, δ13C, δ15N, δ34S and δ2H, using the Bayesian mixing model (MixSIAR). We compared diet composition and its quality to patterns of clam production. The results showed that M. arenaria depended on locally produced organic matter, the availability of which varied along the estuary. For the lower estuary, the dominant food source for clams was ocean/estuarine unicellular algal particulate organic matter followed by salt marsh detritus. Brackish and riverine organic matter sources were of secondary importance. For the upper estuary, the relative importance of brackish marsh and riverine organic matter increased. The net inputs of organic matter from the river, tidal marshes and unicellular algae were closely matched with the dietary composition of clams. The down estuary pattern of increasing clam productivity was best predicted by a similar pattern in suspended particulate organic matter quality as indicated by the ratio of C:N. The C:N ratio decreased from about 10.5:1 to 7.4:1 along the region of clam growth. We also found that δ2H was a useful tracer, effectively discriminating between marsh-derived and aquatic algae-derived organic matters and significantly increasing the predictive power and reliability of the mixing model. Our study provides fundamental knowledge on suitable habitats for the M. arenaria growth in the Plum Island estuary and insights into selecting stable isotopes for elucidating feeding ecology and trophic dynamics of estuarine organisms.
{"title":"Clam diet and production in relation to the spatial pattern of food source inputs and quality: A stable isotope approach","authors":"Kyung Ah Koo , James A. Nelson , Emily S. Davenport , Charles S. Hopkinson","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We used four stable isotopes to determine the spatial variability in the diet of <em>Mya arenaria</em> in the Plum Island Sound estuary, Massachusetts, USA and compared diet to the production rate of dietary food sources. Clams were collected for a year along the estuary and their diet determined at each site with four stable isotopes, δ<sup>13</sup>C, δ<sup>15</sup>N, δ<sup>34</sup>S and δ<sup>2</sup>H, using the Bayesian mixing model (MixSIAR). We compared diet composition and its quality to patterns of clam production. The results showed that <em>M. arenaria</em> depended on locally produced organic matter, the availability of which varied along the estuary. For the lower estuary, the dominant food source for clams was ocean/estuarine unicellular algal particulate organic matter followed by salt marsh detritus. Brackish and riverine organic matter sources were of secondary importance. For the upper estuary, the relative importance of brackish marsh and riverine organic matter increased. The net inputs of organic matter from the river, tidal marshes and unicellular algae were closely matched with the dietary composition of clams. The down estuary pattern of increasing clam productivity was best predicted by a similar pattern in suspended particulate organic matter quality as indicated by the ratio of C:N. The C:N ratio decreased from about 10.5:1 to 7.4:1 along the region of clam growth. We also found that δ<sup>2</sup>H was a useful tracer, effectively discriminating between marsh-derived and aquatic algae-derived organic matters and significantly increasing the predictive power and reliability of the mixing model. Our study provides fundamental knowledge on suitable habitats for the <em>M. arenaria</em> growth in the Plum Island estuary and insights into selecting stable isotopes for elucidating feeding ecology and trophic dynamics of estuarine organisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109059"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109063
Vikranth Teppala, Ashwin Gurjar, Prasad K. Bhaskaran
The tidal dynamics in estuarine and creek environments are quite complex and depend primarily on tides, waves, wind, water depth, and riverine inflow conditions. A proper understanding of tidal dynamics is very essential in terms of estuarine circulation, mixing and dispersion of pollutants and effective estuarine management. Lagrangian-based monitoring provides spatial and temporal variability compared with Eulerian-based measurement system. The present study proposes a low-cost Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) tracked shallow water surface drifter, developed considering minimal wind slip, higher submerged drag force, and low heave accelerations for different designs. A drifter design with four vertical fins and two damping discs attached at the top and bottom satisfied the design criteria and has been used in this study. A low-cost GNSS receiver u-blox Navigation Engine On-board (NEO) M8N was installed in the surface drifter considering the relative position error, velocity variability, and satellite visibility employing an Android smartphone-based GNSS receiver. Low-cost GNSS receiver recorded low positional error and low-velocity variability, and a higher percentage of satellite visbility was recorded during the stationary test. Field deployments were conducted with the surface drifter for different months. The estimated surface tidal current velocity showed monthly variability and was dependent on the tidal phase. Further, the trajectory of the surface drifter could properly identify the changes in flow direction across the creek due to phase shifts from high to low tides. The developed low-cost GNSS-tracked surface drifter can be effectively used to monitor the surface tidal dynamics in the creek environment.
{"title":"Design and development of a low-cost GNSS-tracked surface drifter for investigating tidal currents in a creek environment","authors":"Vikranth Teppala, Ashwin Gurjar, Prasad K. Bhaskaran","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The tidal dynamics in estuarine and creek environments are quite complex and depend primarily on tides, waves, wind, water depth, and riverine inflow conditions. A proper understanding of tidal dynamics is very essential in terms of estuarine circulation, mixing and dispersion of pollutants and effective estuarine management. Lagrangian-based monitoring provides spatial and temporal variability compared with Eulerian-based measurement system. The present study proposes a low-cost Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) tracked shallow water surface drifter, developed considering minimal wind slip, higher submerged drag force, and low heave accelerations for different designs. A drifter design with four vertical fins and two damping discs attached at the top and bottom satisfied the design criteria and has been used in this study. A low-cost GNSS receiver u-blox Navigation Engine On-board (NEO) M8N was installed in the surface drifter considering the relative position error, velocity variability, and satellite visibility employing an Android smartphone-based GNSS receiver. Low-cost GNSS receiver recorded low positional error and low-velocity variability, and a higher percentage of satellite visbility was recorded during the stationary test. Field deployments were conducted with the surface drifter for different months. The estimated surface tidal current velocity showed monthly variability and was dependent on the tidal phase. Further, the trajectory of the surface drifter could properly identify the changes in flow direction across the creek due to phase shifts from high to low tides. The developed low-cost GNSS-tracked surface drifter can be effectively used to monitor the surface tidal dynamics in the creek environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109063"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142743633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109062
Seung-Hyeon Kim , Biyun Zhao , S.D.N.K. Bathige , Kyung-Il Park
Co-infections involving multiple pathogens are common and can have varied effects on the host, ranging from beneficial to detrimental or insignificant. However, the mechanisms driving these interactions remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the parasite–parasite interactions regulating disease progression, focusing on two protist parasites: the novel parasite MCPX, identified from the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum), and Perkinsus olseni. Structural variations between MCPX and P. olseni were evaluated using Ray's fluid thioglycollate medium and immunofluorescence assay. A large vacuole, a characteristic feature, was observed only in the enlarged prezoosporangia of P. olseni, while MCPX prezoosporangia contained a dense cytoplasm. Both parasites were stained with Lugol's iodine. However, only MCPX prezoosporangia were digested by 2 M NaOH. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that only P. olseni trophozoites reacted with the P. olseni-specific antibody, highlighting structural differences. To assess parasite–parasite interactions, growth kinetics were measured during co-culture and in the presence of extracellular products (ECPs) from each parasite. Flow cytometry results indicated a notable decline in MCPX cell numbers by day 10, while P. olseni grew normally. This finding was further confirmed by assessing the fluorescence intensity observed in the immunofluorescence assay. A significant reduction in MCPX propagation was observed in the presence of P. olseni ECPs, suggesting an adverse effect of P. olseni ECPs on MCPX growth. These findings reveal the distinct structural properties of MCPX, potential antagonistic effect of P. olseni against MCPX, and presence of proteases in P. olseni ECPs that may modulate MCPX propagation.
涉及多种病原体的合并感染很常见，对宿主的影响也各不相同，有的有益，有的有害，有的无足轻重。然而，人们对这些相互作用的驱动机制仍然知之甚少。本研究旨在研究寄生虫与寄生虫之间调节疾病进展的相互作用，重点是两种原生寄生虫：从马尼拉蛤（Ruditapes philippinarum）中发现的新型寄生虫 MCPX 和 Perkinsus olseni。使用雷氏液硫代胶体培养基和免疫荧光检测法评估了 MCPX 和 P. olseni 之间的结构差异。只有在奥尔森尼虫增大的前孢子囊中才能观察到大液泡这一特征，而 MCPX 的前孢子囊则含有致密的细胞质。两种寄生虫都用卢戈氏碘染色。不过，只有 MCPX 无孢子前体能被 2 M NaOH 消解。免疫荧光染色显示，只有奥尔森尼滋养体能与奥尔森尼特异性抗体发生反应，这凸显了结构上的差异。为了评估寄生虫与寄生虫之间的相互作用，在共培养过程中以及在每种寄生虫的胞外产物（ECPs）存在的情况下测量了生长动力学。流式细胞术结果表明，到第 10 天，MCPX 细胞数量明显下降，而 P. olseni 则正常生长。通过评估免疫荧光试验中观察到的荧光强度，这一发现得到了进一步证实。在有 P. olseni ECPs 存在的情况下，MCPX 的繁殖明显减少，这表明 P. olseni ECPs 对 MCPX 的生长有不利影响。这些发现揭示了 MCPX 的独特结构特性、奥尔森虫对 MCPX 的潜在拮抗作用，以及奥尔森虫 ECPs 中可能存在调节 MCPX 传播的蛋白酶。
{"title":"Comparative study of structural features and parasite–parasite interactions between MCPX, a novel pathogen identified from the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum, and Perkinsus olseni","authors":"Seung-Hyeon Kim , Biyun Zhao , S.D.N.K. Bathige , Kyung-Il Park","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Co-infections involving multiple pathogens are common and can have varied effects on the host, ranging from beneficial to detrimental or insignificant. However, the mechanisms driving these interactions remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the parasite–parasite interactions regulating disease progression, focusing on two protist parasites: the novel parasite MCPX, identified from the Manila clam (<em>Ruditapes philippinarum</em>), and <em>Perkinsus olseni</em>. Structural variations between MCPX and <em>P. olseni</em> were evaluated using Ray's fluid thioglycollate medium and immunofluorescence assay. A large vacuole, a characteristic feature, was observed only in the enlarged prezoosporangia of <em>P. olseni</em>, while MCPX prezoosporangia contained a dense cytoplasm. Both parasites were stained with Lugol's iodine. However, only MCPX prezoosporangia were digested by 2 M NaOH. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that only <em>P. olseni</em> trophozoites reacted with the <em>P. olseni</em>-specific antibody, highlighting structural differences. To assess parasite–parasite interactions, growth kinetics were measured during co-culture and in the presence of extracellular products (ECPs) from each parasite. Flow cytometry results indicated a notable decline in MCPX cell numbers by day 10, while <em>P. olseni</em> grew normally. This finding was further confirmed by assessing the fluorescence intensity observed in the immunofluorescence assay. A significant reduction in MCPX propagation was observed in the presence of <em>P. olseni</em> ECPs, suggesting an adverse effect of <em>P. olseni</em> ECPs on MCPX growth. These findings reveal the distinct structural properties of MCPX, potential antagonistic effect of <em>P. olseni</em> against MCPX, and presence of proteases in <em>P. olseni</em> ECPs that may modulate MCPX propagation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 109062"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109058
M. Le Mouel , P. Matte , A. Hammouti , D. Pham Van Bang
To enhance understanding of the complex functioning of the St. Lawrence fluvial estuary—a macro-tidal, freshwater estuary located in Quebec, Canada—a 3D numerical model is set up to investigate its hydrodynamics. Validation of the 3D model used field data on water levels, discharge rates, and velocities during both neap and spring tide periods. Comparison of the model with existing 2DH results illustrates the 3D model's ability to represent the time evolution of the secondary flow during tidal forcing in the confluence/divergence zone around Île d'Orléans. 3D results highlight the great importance of the vertical component of velocity in studying a site with complex geometry. A more detailed analysis of velocities and turbulence at the Île d'Orléans junction shows a time lag of around 1h between current slack and the tidal slack. On the one hand, the current reverses earlier at the bank level than in the deep channel during both ebb and flood periods. On the other hand, the current reverses more quickly at the bottom than at the surface in the main channel. Site geometry, friction and the presence of return currents are the main factors explaining this. This paper highlights the importance of 3D modeling for gaining a deeper understanding of estuarine dynamics, even in the tidal freshwater zone, revealing processes ignored by 2D depth integrated models. Such modeling can assist in planning future field measurement campaigns and improve space-time interpolation methods for velocities in wide estuaries. Additionally, it provides a solid foundation for studying couplings (chemical or particulate) and making predictions, particularly in the context of climate change.
圣劳伦斯河河口是位于加拿大魁北克省的一个大潮汐淡水河口，为了加强对其复杂功能的理解，建立了一个三维数值模型来研究其水动力学。3D模型的验证使用了小潮和大潮期间的水位、流量和流速的现场数据。将模型与已有的2DH结果进行比较，说明三维模型能够很好地反映Île d’orl录影带附近汇流/辐散区潮汐强迫过程中二次流的时间演变。三维结果突出了速度的垂直分量在研究复杂几何形状的场地中的重要性。对Île d' orlsamans交界处的速度和湍流进行的更详细的分析表明，在当前松弛和潮汐松弛之间存在大约1小时的时间滞后。一方面，在退潮期和涨潮期，水流在河岸上的逆转比在深沟道上的逆转要早。另一方面，在主通道中，水流在底部的逆转速度比在表面的更快。场地几何、摩擦和回流的存在是解释这一现象的主要因素。本文强调了三维建模对于深入了解河口动力学的重要性，甚至在潮汐淡水带，揭示了二维深度集成模型所忽略的过程。这种模型可以帮助规划未来的野外测量活动，并改进宽河口速度的时空插值方法。此外，它为研究耦合（化学或颗粒）和预测提供了坚实的基础，特别是在气候变化的背景下。
{"title":"Investigation of 3D circulation and secondary flows in the St. Lawrence fluvial estuary at a tidal junction","authors":"M. Le Mouel , P. Matte , A. Hammouti , D. Pham Van Bang","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To enhance understanding of the complex functioning of the St. Lawrence fluvial estuary—a macro-tidal, freshwater estuary located in Quebec, Canada—a 3D numerical model is set up to investigate its hydrodynamics. Validation of the 3D model used field data on water levels, discharge rates, and velocities during both neap and spring tide periods. Comparison of the model with existing 2DH results illustrates the 3D model's ability to represent the time evolution of the secondary flow during tidal forcing in the confluence/divergence zone around Île d'Orléans. 3D results highlight the great importance of the vertical component of velocity in studying a site with complex geometry. A more detailed analysis of velocities and turbulence at the Île d'Orléans junction shows a time lag of around 1h between current slack and the tidal slack. On the one hand, the current reverses earlier at the bank level than in the deep channel during both ebb and flood periods. On the other hand, the current reverses more quickly at the bottom than at the surface in the main channel. Site geometry, friction and the presence of return currents are the main factors explaining this. This paper highlights the importance of 3D modeling for gaining a deeper understanding of estuarine dynamics, even in the tidal freshwater zone, revealing processes ignored by 2D depth integrated models. Such modeling can assist in planning future field measurement campaigns and improve space-time interpolation methods for velocities in wide estuaries. Additionally, it provides a solid foundation for studying couplings (chemical or particulate) and making predictions, particularly in the context of climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109058"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142759608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109060
Carlos Antunes, Gil Lemos
Coastal hazard and vulnerability assessments in the context of climate change usually rely on the estimation of total water levels (TWLs) through a deterministic approach, consisting on the simple summation of its components: mean or median sea level rise projections, maximum tide values, and extreme storm surge projections based on return periods (usually of 100 years). However, such methodology yields TWLs compatible with return periods much greater than the commonly used ones in hazard, vulnerability and risk assessments, occasionally by more than one order of magnitude (thousands of years). Deterministic approaches also neglect uncertainties in TWL components, or other sources of variability, as random variables with known probability density functions. Here, we present, validate, evaluate and apply a methodology to provide a numerical solution for the estimation of representative return periods of extreme TWLs, for any coastal area, to which the three cumulative density functions of SLR, tide and storm surge are given. The use of representative TWLs is crucial for accurate hydrodynamical modelling of coastal flooding, both along inland waters and coastlines facing the open ocean, as well as to coastal vulnerability and risk assessments. Using two dynamic ensembles, the projected 4-, 25- and 100-year representative TWL return periods are estimated across five vulnerable areas along the Portuguese coastline and compared with deterministic TWLs. Our results show that the methodology can accurately reproduce the observed TWL distributions and return values associated with extreme events, these being generally lower than the deterministic ones, undergoing, nevertheless, greater changes towards the end of the 21st century. We provide a baseline for future studies to delve into more accurate and realistic translation of physical, anthropogenic-driven climate change effects into socioeconomic impacts along the coastal areas.
{"title":"A probabilistic approach to combine sea level rise, tide and storm surge into representative return periods of extreme total water levels: Application to the Portuguese coastal areas","authors":"Carlos Antunes, Gil Lemos","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal hazard and vulnerability assessments in the context of climate change usually rely on the estimation of total water levels (TWLs) through a deterministic approach, consisting on the simple summation of its components: mean or median sea level rise projections, maximum tide values, and extreme storm surge projections based on return periods (usually of 100 years). However, such methodology yields TWLs compatible with return periods much greater than the commonly used ones in hazard, vulnerability and risk assessments, occasionally by more than one order of magnitude (thousands of years). Deterministic approaches also neglect uncertainties in TWL components, or other sources of variability, as random variables with known probability density functions. Here, we present, validate, evaluate and apply a methodology to provide a numerical solution for the estimation of representative return periods of extreme TWLs, for any coastal area, to which the three cumulative density functions of SLR, tide and storm surge are given. The use of representative TWLs is crucial for accurate hydrodynamical modelling of coastal flooding, both along inland waters and coastlines facing the open ocean, as well as to coastal vulnerability and risk assessments. Using two dynamic ensembles, the projected 4-, 25- and 100-year representative TWL return periods are estimated across five vulnerable areas along the Portuguese coastline and compared with deterministic TWLs. Our results show that the methodology can accurately reproduce the observed TWL distributions and return values associated with extreme events, these being generally lower than the deterministic ones, undergoing, nevertheless, greater changes towards the end of the 21st century. We provide a baseline for future studies to delve into more accurate and realistic translation of physical, anthropogenic-driven climate change effects into socioeconomic impacts along the coastal areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"313 ","pages":"Article 109060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109044
Mariano E. Malvé , Nicolás Battini , Juan Pablo Livore , Evangelina Schwindt , María M. Mendez
The European green crab, Carcinus maenas, is a highly invasive species capable of exerting significant impacts on native biota, particularly on species of ecological and/or economic importance. In Atlantic Patagonia, green crabs have been rapidly expanding their distribution along the coast, yet their biotic interactions with native crab species have not been examined. Here, we investigate the agonistic interactions of invasive green crabs with the native commercially important paddle crab (Ovalipes trimaculatus) in Atlantic Patagonia. This study determined spatial overlap between both species and experimentally evaluated predator-prey interactions and competition for food. Our results indicate coexistence of Carcinus and Ovalipes trimaculatus in sandy bottoms of Nuevo Gulf, with green crabs being much more abundant than paddle crabs. Carcinus was present across all sampled locations, exhibiting highly variable abundances and considerable sex ratio disparity. In aquarium trials, mutual predation only occurred between Carcinus and O. trimaculatus of contrasting sizes, although the time taken to observe predation events significantly differed between both species, with green crabs displaying much higher voracity. Additionally, green crabs were the first to hoard food when it was offered. These findings suggest that predation by green crabs especially on juveniles paddle crabs may play a role in the decline of O. trimaculatus in formerly abundant shallow areas in Nuevo Gulf. Thus, this study lays the groundwork for assessing interactions between Carcinus and a broader range of native crab species, aiming to deepen our understanding of current and potential interactions in the SW Atlantic.
{"title":"Spatial overlap and trophic interactions between a native commercial crab and the European green crab in Atlantic Patagonia","authors":"Mariano E. Malvé , Nicolás Battini , Juan Pablo Livore , Evangelina Schwindt , María M. Mendez","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The European green crab, <em>Carcinus maenas,</em> is a highly invasive species capable of exerting significant impacts on native biota, particularly on species of ecological and/or economic importance. In Atlantic Patagonia, green crabs have been rapidly expanding their distribution along the coast, yet their biotic interactions with native crab species have not been examined. Here, we investigate the agonistic interactions of invasive green crabs with the native commercially important paddle crab (<em>Ovalipes trimaculatu</em>s) in Atlantic Patagonia. This study determined spatial overlap between both species and experimentally evaluated predator-prey interactions and competition for food. Our results indicate coexistence of <em>Carcinus</em> and <em>Ovalipes trimaculatus</em> in sandy bottoms of Nuevo Gulf, with green crabs being much more abundant than paddle crabs. <em>Carcinus</em> was present across all sampled locations, exhibiting highly variable abundances and considerable sex ratio disparity. In aquarium trials, mutual predation only occurred between <em>Carcinus</em> and <em>O. trimaculatus</em> of contrasting sizes, although the time taken to observe predation events significantly differed between both species, with green crabs displaying much higher voracity. Additionally, green crabs were the first to hoard food when it was offered. These findings suggest that predation by green crabs especially on juveniles paddle crabs may play a role in the decline of <em>O. trimaculatus</em> in formerly abundant shallow areas in Nuevo Gulf. Thus, this study lays the groundwork for assessing interactions between <em>Carcinus</em> and a broader range of native crab species, aiming to deepen our understanding of current and potential interactions in the SW Atlantic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 109044"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109048
P. Brandão , L.M. da Costa , J.L. Costa , H.N. Cabral , T.A. Marques , S. França
Coastal transition ecosystems like estuaries are amongst the most productive aquatic ecosystems on the planet, recognized worldwide as a fundamental component of coastal areas in terms of biological relevance and anthropogenic use. Estuaries along the Portuguese coast differ in their geomorphological and hydrological characteristics. These systems play a crucial role in terms of nursery areas for economically important fish species. Although several authors have observed high specific variability in estuarine fish communities along the Portuguese coast, few studies explore the factors that influence it. Most of these studies focus on a single estuary and, when several are addressed, only a single factor is used to assess the specific variability of the communities. The presente work aims to analyze the ecological role played by these estuaries for fish communities, namely in terms of their species richness, using a 30 year historical database provided by the Portuguese Coastal Monitoring Network Research Infrastructure (CoastNet RI). To this end, a generalized additive model (GAM) was developed to analyze the variation of species richness as a function of a set of temporal, spatial and environmental characteristics from the nine principal estuarine systems on the Portuguese coast. A total of 142 species from 45 families were identified. The Tejo, Mira, and Sado estuaries had the highest species counts (92, 72, and 64 species, respectively), while Minho and Ria de Aveiro had the lowest (26 and 27 species, respectively). The GAM model explained 35.1% of the variance in species richness and demonstrated significant differences in fish species richness in space (among the nine study estuaries) and time (at annual and monthly scales), and these differences were influenced by abiotic factors such as salinity and temperature. Species richness decreased with higher latitudes and varied yearly, showing a downward trend post-2002. Monthly variations showed increases in February–March and September–October. Higher species richness correlated with salinity levels between 25 and 37 and temperatures between 14 and 25 °C. Possible scenarios of future variations caused by the effects of climate change on the significant factors are also discussed. These GAMs could be useful as a preliminary tool to prepare long-term conservation plans for national legislation.
{"title":"Trends in fish diversity in Portuguese estuaries in the past decades and predictions in face of global changes","authors":"P. Brandão , L.M. da Costa , J.L. Costa , H.N. Cabral , T.A. Marques , S. França","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal transition ecosystems like estuaries are amongst the most productive aquatic ecosystems on the planet, recognized worldwide as a fundamental component of coastal areas in terms of biological relevance and anthropogenic use. Estuaries along the Portuguese coast differ in their geomorphological and hydrological characteristics. These systems play a crucial role in terms of nursery areas for economically important fish species. Although several authors have observed high specific variability in estuarine fish communities along the Portuguese coast, few studies explore the factors that influence it. Most of these studies focus on a single estuary and, when several are addressed, only a single factor is used to assess the specific variability of the communities. The presente work aims to analyze the ecological role played by these estuaries for fish communities, namely in terms of their species richness, using a 30 year historical database provided by the Portuguese Coastal Monitoring Network Research Infrastructure (CoastNet RI). To this end, a generalized additive model (GAM) was developed to analyze the variation of species richness as a function of a set of temporal, spatial and environmental characteristics from the nine principal estuarine systems on the Portuguese coast. A total of 142 species from 45 families were identified. The Tejo, Mira, and Sado estuaries had the highest species counts (92, 72, and 64 species, respectively), while Minho and Ria de Aveiro had the lowest (26 and 27 species, respectively). The GAM model explained 35.1% of the variance in species richness and demonstrated significant differences in fish species richness in space (among the nine study estuaries) and time (at annual and monthly scales), and these differences were influenced by abiotic factors such as salinity and temperature. Species richness decreased with higher latitudes and varied yearly, showing a downward trend post-2002. Monthly variations showed increases in February–March and September–October. Higher species richness correlated with salinity levels between 25 and 37 and temperatures between 14 and 25 °C. Possible scenarios of future variations caused by the effects of climate change on the significant factors are also discussed. These GAMs could be useful as a preliminary tool to prepare long-term conservation plans for national legislation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 109048"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142719746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109047
Aadila Omarjee , Susan Taljaard , Janine B. Adams , Ashlen Chetty
Coastal ecosystems are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic impacts, particularly from land-based activities that drive eutrophication. This research investigated eutrophication and the unique challenges facing southern hemisphere coastal ecosystems. We used a mesocosm study to measure the influence of a macroalga (Rhizoclonium riparium) and a floating macrophyte (Pistia stratiotes), on diurnal pH variability. Diurnal pH variability was more pronounced in the presence of macroalgae due to the direct release of metabolic byproducts into the water column during photosynthesis and respiration. In contrast, floating macrophyte treatments had lower diurnal pH variability, as metabolic byproducts are released into the atmosphere through floating foliage. Floating macrophytes influenced overall water column pH levels, resulting in an acidification effect, becoming more pronounced as macrophyte biomass increased. The study highlighted the importance of nutrient management and its association with macrophytes, to preserve the delicate balance of estuaries, and ensure the sustainable functioning of these critical ecosystems. Further in situ research is recommended to validate and expand on the mesocosm findings.
{"title":"The influence of macrophytes on diurnal pH variability in subtropical estuaries: A mesocosm study","authors":"Aadila Omarjee , Susan Taljaard , Janine B. Adams , Ashlen Chetty","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal ecosystems are increasingly threatened by anthropogenic impacts, particularly from land-based activities that drive eutrophication. This research investigated eutrophication and the unique challenges facing southern hemisphere coastal ecosystems. We used a mesocosm study to measure the influence of a macroalga (<em>Rhizoclonium riparium</em>) and a floating macrophyte (<em>Pistia stratiotes</em>), on diurnal pH variability. Diurnal pH variability was more pronounced in the presence of macroalgae due to the direct release of metabolic byproducts into the water column during photosynthesis and respiration. In contrast, floating macrophyte treatments had lower diurnal pH variability, as metabolic byproducts are released into the atmosphere through floating foliage. Floating macrophytes influenced overall water column pH levels, resulting in an acidification effect, becoming more pronounced as macrophyte biomass increased. The study highlighted the importance of nutrient management and its association with macrophytes, to preserve the delicate balance of estuaries, and ensure the sustainable functioning of these critical ecosystems. Further <em>in situ</em> research is recommended to validate and expand on the mesocosm findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 109047"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109041
Tuan Anh Bui , Marleen De Troch , Jan Jaap Poos , Adriaan Rijnsdorp , Bruno Ernande , Karen Bekaert , Kélig Mahé , Kelly Díaz , Jochen Depestele
Phenotypic plasticity is a major mechanism allowing organisms to respond to environmental variability. Understanding phenotypic plasticity of organisms to warming is crucial to predict future impacts of climate change. In this study, we investigated fish growth plasticity to temperature using a large archive of otoliths collected from 1960 to 2020, providing growth data over the period 1958–2019, of three common sole (Solea solea) populations: North Sea, Irish Sea, and Bay of Biscay. We used mixed-effects models to partition growth variation into its intrinsic (age, age at capture) and extrinsic (temperature, density, fishing pressure, nutrient) components; to disentangle individual-level plasticity from the population-level response to temperature; and to assess the environmental dependency of growth plasticity. We demonstrated that sole growth plasticity followed the Temperature-Size Rule with increasing juvenile growth and decreasing adult growth at higher temperature. Under favourable conditions for sole growth, the positive response to warming in juvenile fish is stronger while the negative response in adult fish is weaker and the individual plasticity variance is lower. Our study provides additional support for the universality of the Temperature-Size Rule and contributes to our understanding of fish populations’ responses to current and future climate change.
{"title":"Otolith increments in common sole (Solea solea) reveal fish growth plasticity to temperature","authors":"Tuan Anh Bui , Marleen De Troch , Jan Jaap Poos , Adriaan Rijnsdorp , Bruno Ernande , Karen Bekaert , Kélig Mahé , Kelly Díaz , Jochen Depestele","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.109041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phenotypic plasticity is a major mechanism allowing organisms to respond to environmental variability. Understanding phenotypic plasticity of organisms to warming is crucial to predict future impacts of climate change. In this study, we investigated fish growth plasticity to temperature using a large archive of otoliths collected from 1960 to 2020, providing growth data over the period 1958–2019, of three common sole (<em>Solea solea</em>) populations: North Sea, Irish Sea, and Bay of Biscay. We used mixed-effects models to partition growth variation into its intrinsic (age, age at capture) and extrinsic (temperature, density, fishing pressure, nutrient) components; to disentangle individual-level plasticity from the population-level response to temperature; and to assess the environmental dependency of growth plasticity. We demonstrated that sole growth plasticity followed the Temperature-Size Rule with increasing juvenile growth and decreasing adult growth at higher temperature. Under favourable conditions for sole growth, the positive response to warming in juvenile fish is stronger while the negative response in adult fish is weaker and the individual plasticity variance is lower. Our study provides additional support for the universality of the Temperature-Size Rule and contributes to our understanding of fish populations’ responses to current and future climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"312 ","pages":"Article 109041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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