Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science最新文献_第7页

Wolf Spiders as ecological models and disturbance indicator species on sandy beaches: A case study from southeastern Brazil 狼蛛作为沙滩上的生态模型和干扰指示物种：以巴西东南部为例

IF 2.6 3区地球科学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109662

Igor David da Costa , Vitor Figueira Arueira , Leticia Arcelino , Natalia Neto dos Santos Nunes , Eduardo Bulhões , Ilana Rosental Zalmon , Leonardo Lopes Costa

Spiders are one of the least studied groups in sandy beach ecosystems, despite being an important component of these habitats. As a result, their potential as model species for ecological studies and indicator of human impacts on beaches remains largely underexplored. This study investigated the influence of local and landscape factors on burrow abundance of the wolf spider Allocosa brasiliensis across 30 sandy beach sectors in southeastern Brazil. We tested the Cumulative Harshness Hypothesis (CHH), which predicts that human disturbances amplify the impact of natural beach harshness. We surveyed 10 beach sectors from each morphodynamic type, performing standardized counts of wolf spider burrows in the supralittoral zone near coastal vegetation margin. Simultaneously, we collected sediment samples from the retention zone and supralittoral for granulometric analysis, measured the beach slope, captured potential prey, and georeferenced the coastline to obtain satellite-based data on urbanization levels, vegetation cover, proximity to rivers, and erosion rates. The wolf spider was more abundant on dissipative beaches compared to intermediate and reflective morphodynamic types. Multiple regression analyses revealed that higher burrow abundance was associated with smaller sediment grain size in the supralittoral zone, besides with relatively stable coastal displacement, lower urbanization levels, greater vegetation cover, and also higher abundance of potential prey. The CHH was not supported, as the species responded similarly to urbanization across all morphodynamic types according to generalized linear models. Therefore, our results suggest that the wolf spider can be used as an indicator species of human disturbances across different beach morphodynamic types.

蜘蛛是沙滩生态系统中研究最少的群体之一，尽管它们是这些栖息地的重要组成部分。因此，它们作为生态研究的模式物种和人类对海滩影响的指标的潜力仍未得到充分探索。本研究调查了巴西东南部30个沙地区狼蛛（Allocosa brasiliensis）洞穴丰度的本地和景观因素的影响。我们测试了累积严酷假设（CHH），该假设预测人类干扰会放大自然海滩严酷的影响。我们调查了每个形态动力类型的10个海滩扇区，对靠近沿海植被边缘的上滨海带狼蛛洞穴进行了标准化计数。同时，我们从保留带和沿岸收集沉积物样本进行粒度分析，测量海滩坡度，捕获潜在猎物，并对海岸线进行地理参考，以获得城市化水平、植被覆盖、河流邻近程度和侵蚀率的卫星数据。与中间和反射型形态动力学类型相比，在耗散型海滩上狼蛛数量更多。多元回归分析表明，高洞穴丰度与滨海上带沉积物粒度较小、相对稳定的海岸位移、较低的城市化水平、较大的植被覆盖和较高的潜在猎物丰度有关。根据广义线性模型，在所有形态动力学类型中，物种对城市化的响应相似，因此不支持CHH。因此，我们的研究结果表明，狼蛛可以作为人类干扰的指示物种，跨越不同的海滩形态动力学类型。

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引用次数: 0

Seasonal reversible eddy as a driver of thermal fronts in the Northern Gulf of California 加利福尼亚湾北部热锋的季节性可逆涡旋驱动

IF 2.6 3区地球科学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109653

Amelia Sánchez-Pérez , Laura Sánchez-Velasco , Emmanuel Romero

In semi-enclosed seas, circulation plays a key role in the formation of thermal fronts by regulating the distribution of waters with distinct properties. Using 20 years of satellite and ocean reanalysis temperature data, this study examines the seasonal distribution of thermal fronts in the Upper and Northern Gulf of California and their relationship with regional circulation. Thermal fronts were detected from the surface to 300 m depth using temperature gradients, and their intensity and Front Probability Index were used to generate seasonal and monthly climatologies. Results reveal a strong seasonal variability dominated by the seasonal reversible eddy, cyclonic in summer and anticyclonic in winter, that drives the formation and intensity of thermal fronts. On the surface of the Northern Gulf, maximum probability occurred in June in the northeast, associated with a strong northerly coastal current, and in August in the southwest, due to cyclonic eddy circulation. These fronts extended to 100 m depth with maximum intensity at 50 m, corresponding with the eddy core depth. In the Upper Gulf, the highest probabilities were detected at the surface in spring and fall, influenced by circulation changes characteristic of these transitional periods. These findings demonstrate that circulation is a driver in the formation of thermal fronts. Their persistence, despite variations in intensity and position, contributes to the productivity of this semi-enclosed sea, as is also the case in other semi-enclosed seas.

在半封闭海域，环流通过调节具有不同性质的水的分布，在热锋的形成中起着关键作用。利用20年的卫星和海洋再分析温度数据，研究了加利福尼亚湾北部和北部热锋的季节分布及其与区域环流的关系。利用温度梯度对地表至300 m深度的热锋进行探测，利用热锋强度和锋面概率指数生成季节和月气候学。结果表明，夏季为气旋型，冬季为反气旋型，以季节性可逆涡为主的强季节变率驱动热锋的形成和强度。在北墨西哥湾表面，最大概率发生在6月的东北部，与一个强大的偏北沿海流有关，而在8月的西南部，由于气旋涡旋环流。这些锋面延伸至100 m深度，最大强度在50 m，与涡核深度相对应。在上海湾地区，受这些过渡时期特征的环流变化的影响，在春季和秋季地表观测到的可能性最高。这些发现表明环流是热锋形成的驱动因素。它们的持续存在，尽管强度和位置各不相同，有助于这个半封闭海的生产力，其他半封闭海也是如此。

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引用次数: 0

Trait-based analysis of meiobenthic foraminifera in a glacier-influenced fjord: Krossfjord, Svalbard 冰川影响峡湾中新世有孔虫的特征分析：斯瓦尔巴群岛克罗斯峡湾

IF 2.6 3区地球科学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109654

Mantodi Jima , Sivasankaran Bijoy Nandan , Mahadevan Harikrishnan , Thadickal V. Joydas , Paravanparambil R. Jayachandran

Habitat heterogeneity can influence functional diversity in Arctic benthic ecosystems, but its effects on meiobenthic Foraminifera remain poorly understood. This study hypothesised that the fjord gradient selects distinct trait profiles, with agglutinated tests in the inner fjord and calcareous tests in the outer fjord (H1), that functional richness peaks in the outer fjord (H2), and that trait–environment links are strongest for test material (H3). The study quantified key foraminiferan traits, tested trait–environment relationships, and compared functional diversity (FRic, FDis, RaoQ), redundancy, and vulnerability across the inner, middle, and outer zones of Krossfjord using RLQ and fourth-corner analyses. Trait analysis of 43 species showed that communities were dominated by infaunal strategies, calcareous tests, muddy-sand substrates, suboxic affinities, and fresh food preferences, with only weak shifts among zones. Functional diversity was broadly similar across the fjord gradient, with a tendency for slightly higher functional richness in the outer fjord and slightly higher functional dispersion and Rao's quadratic entropy in the inner fjord. Test material was the only trait significantly associated with environmental gradients, with agglutinated forms more common in the inner fjord and calcareous forms prevailing in the outer fjord. The study identified 35 functional entities, of which 37 % were represented by a single species, indicating potential functional vulnerability. Overall, these findings suggest weak environmental filtering of foraminiferan traits along the fjord gradient, while possible effects of climate-driven change require further investigation.

生境异质性可以影响北极底栖生态系统的功能多样性，但其对中底栖有孔虫的影响尚不清楚。本研究假设峡湾梯度选择了不同的性状谱，内峡湾有黏结试验，外峡湾有钙化试验（H1），功能丰富度在外峡湾达到峰值（H2），性状-环境联系在测试材料上最强（H3）。该研究量化了有孔虫的关键特征，测试了性状与环境的关系，并使用RLQ和第四角分析比较了克罗斯峡湾内部、中部和外部区域的功能多样性（FRic、FDis、RaoQ）、冗余和脆弱性。43个物种的性状分析表明，群落主要受生境策略、钙质试验、泥沙基质、缺氧亲和性和新鲜食物偏好等因素的影响，各带间变化不大。功能多样性在整个峡湾梯度上大致相似，外峡湾的功能丰富度略高，内峡湾的功能分散度和Rao二次熵略高。测试材料是唯一与环境梯度显著相关的性状，胶结形式在内峡湾更常见，钙质形式在外峡湾普遍存在。研究确定了35种功能实体，其中单一物种占37%，表明潜在的功能脆弱性。总的来说，这些发现表明峡湾梯度对有孔虫特征的环境过滤作用较弱，而气候驱动变化的可能影响需要进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Significant dissolved nutrient and carbon via fresh and saline groundwater discharge into a mariculture bay 大量溶解的营养物质和碳通过新鲜和含盐地下水排放到海水养殖海湾

IF 2.6 3区地球科学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109655

Huiying Li , Fenfen Zhang , Jinzhou Du , Jianan Liu

Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is a critical pathway for transporting nutrient and carbon from land to coastal ecosystems, yet its partitioning into fresh SGD (SFGD) and recirculated seawater (RSGD) and associated solute fluxes remain poorly constrained in mariculture bays. In this study, we quantified different types of SGD and their derived dissolved nutrient and carbon fluxes in Xihu Bay, a typical mariculture-dominated semi-enclosed bay in Zhejiang, China, using a²²⁴Ra mass balance model combined with water-salt mass balance model. Results showed total SGD flux reached (2.5 ± 0.7) × 10⁷ m³ d⁻¹ (46 ± 12 cm d⁻¹), with SFGD contributing 3.5 % of the total SGD flux but only 1.6–7.5 % of SGD-derived nutrient fluxes (dissolved inorganic nitrogen: 136 ± 88 μmol m⁻² d⁻¹; dissolved inorganic phosphorous: 1.8 ± 0.60 μmol m⁻² d⁻¹; dissolved inorganic silicon: 89 ± 25 μmol m⁻² d⁻¹) and <8 % of carbon fluxes (dissolved inorganic carbon: 1352 ± 419 μmol m⁻² d⁻¹; dissolved organic carbon: 6.3 ± 2.6 μmol m⁻² d⁻¹). In contrast, RSGD dominated both dissolved nutrient (92.5–98.4 %) and carbon (>92 %) transporting, driven by tidal pumping and wave. With high nitrogen to phosphorous ratios in SFGD (54.5) and RSGD (77.9), it may exacerbate nutrient stoichiometric imbalance in Xihu Bay. Elevated nutrient and carbon concentrations in saline groundwater, highlighted RSGD as a key carrier of anthropogenically derived solutes. Given the absence of riverine inputs, SGD emerged as the predominant external source of nutrient and carbon, emphasizing its critical role in regulating biogeochemical cycles and ecological dynamics in aquaculture-impacted bays.

海底地下水排放（SGD）是将养分和碳从陆地运输到沿海生态系统的重要途径，但在海水养殖海湾中，其划分为新鲜SGD （SFGD）和循环水（RSGD）以及相关的溶质通量仍然缺乏限制。本研究采用a224Ra质量平衡模型结合水盐质量平衡模型，定量分析了浙江西湖湾以海水养殖为主的半封闭海湾中不同类型SGD及其衍生的溶解营养盐和碳通量。结果显示总SGD通量达到(2.5±0.7)×107立方米d−1 d(46±12厘米−1),与SFGD贡献总额的3.5% SGD通量但只有1.6 - -7.5%的SGD-derived养分通量(溶解无机氮:136±88μ摩尔2 d−−1;溶解无机磷:1.8±0.60μm摩尔2 d−−1;溶解无机硅:89±25μ摩尔m 2 d−−1)& lt; 8%的碳通量(溶解无机碳:1352±419μ摩尔2 d−−1;溶解有机碳:6.3±2.6μm摩尔2 d−−1)。而在潮汐泵送和波浪驱动下，RSGD在溶解营养物（92.5 ~ 98.4%）和碳（> 92%）输运中均占主导地位。SFGD（54.5）和RSGD（77.9）的高氮磷比可能加剧西湖湾营养化学计量失衡。盐碱化地下水中营养物质和碳浓度升高，突出表明RSGD是人为产生的溶质的关键载体。由于缺乏河流输入，SGD成为营养和碳的主要外部来源，强调其在调节受水产养殖影响的海湾的生物地球化学循环和生态动态方面的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Amino acid profile, fatty acid profile and status of non-essential trace metals of marketed bivalves from the Maowei Sea, China 茂威海市售双壳类动物氨基酸、脂肪酸特征及非必需微量金属状况

IF 2.6 3区地球科学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109652

Karsoon Tan , Yu Hao , Kun Wang , Xin Li , Zhou Wu , Kit-Leong Cheong

Bivalves (Mollusca: Bivalvia) are an important source of animal protein for coastal communities. Given bivalves are typically stored at room conditions for a period to eliminate sand and undergo depuration before reaching consumers. Evaluation of the nutritional composition and contaminant levels in bivalves available in the markets can serve as an indicator of the quality of bivalves reaching consumers. In this context, this study assessed the protein and lipid nutritional quality, as well as non-essential trace metal content, of three commercially available bivalves (Anadara granosa (cockles), Meretrix meretrix (clam), and Crassostrea hongkongesnsis (oyster)) from the Maowei Sea, China. The findings of this study can provide consumers with clearer information on the nutritional quality and contaminant levels of market-sold bivalves from this region.

双壳类（软体动物纲：双壳纲）是沿海生物群落重要的动物蛋白质来源。给定的双壳类通常在室内条件下储存一段时间，以消除沙子，并在到达消费者之前进行净化。对市场上出售的双壳贝的营养成分和污染物水平进行评价，可以作为消费者获得的双壳贝质量的指标。在此背景下，本研究评估了来自中国茂威海的三种市售双壳类（蛤蚌、蛤蚌和牡蛎）的蛋白质和脂肪营养品质以及非必需的微量金属含量。本研究结果可以为消费者提供有关该地区市场上销售的双壳贝的营养质量和污染物水平的更清晰信息。

引用次数: 0

Impact of the Congo River plume and tropical upwelling on Sardinella spawning in the southeastern Atlantic 刚果河羽流和热带上升流对大西洋东南部沙丁鱼产卵的影响

IF 2.6 3区地球科学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109651

Maik Tiedemann , Marek Ostrowski , Miguel Andre António , Domingas N'saku , Roy Dorgeless Ngakala , Jens-Otto Krakstad , Øystein Skagseth , Stamatina Isari

The Congo River releases nutrient-rich freshwater into the southeastern Atlantic, forming a plume that fuels regional productivity sustaining small pelagic fish such as Sardinella (Sardinella aurita and Sardinella maderensis). However, the impact of the plume on Sardinella reproduction is still uncertain. A survey conducted in austral summer 2014, coinciding with the Congo River secondary seasonal discharge peak and tropical upwelling, provided evidence on how riverine runoff and upwelling jointly influence Sardinella spawning. Congo River discharge was prominent along the coast, with low-salinity, high-chlorophyll surface waters spreading north- and northwestward. Spawning was observed north of the Congo River mouth, with the peak confined to the plume region, as also corroborated by generalized additive models. Wind and ocean current patterns suggested a northwest drift of ichthyoplankton trapped within the plume, with offshore loss near southern Gabon. A Lagrangian drift simulation aligned with these observation pathways. Plume dynamics were absent along the Angolan coast, where the tropical upwelling seemed the sole driver of coastal productivity. No Sardinella eggs were observed there, but larvae were distributed, aligned with the upwelling front signatures. Our findings underscore the Congo River plume as a key spawning habitat for Sardinella during austral summer. Higher spawning activity within the plume likely suggests that its physical and biogeochemical conditions are more favourable than adjacent upwelling zones. The study highlights the need to consider riverine influences alongside upwelling dynamics in understanding and managing small pelagic fish populations in tropical marine ecosystems.

刚果河将富含营养的淡水释放到大西洋东南部，形成一股羽流，为区域生产力提供燃料，维持沙丁鱼（aurita和maderensis）等小型远洋鱼类的生存。然而，羽流对沙丁鱼繁殖的影响仍不确定。2014年南部夏季进行的一项调查，恰逢刚果河二次季节性流量高峰和热带上升流，为河流径流和上升流如何共同影响沙丁鱼产卵提供了证据。刚果河沿海岸流量突出，低盐度、高叶绿素地表水向北、西北方向扩散。在刚果河口以北观察到产卵，峰值局限于羽流区域，这也得到了广义加性模型的证实。风和洋流模式表明，被困在羽流中的浮游鱼向西北漂移，在加蓬南部附近海域损失。拉格朗日漂移模拟与这些观测路径一致。安哥拉海岸没有烟柱动力学，热带上升流似乎是海岸生产力的唯一驱动力。未发现沙丁鱼卵，但幼虫分布与上升流锋面特征一致。我们的发现强调了刚果河羽流是南方夏季撒丁鱼的主要产卵栖息地。羽流内较高的产卵活动可能表明其物理和生物地球化学条件比邻近的上升流区更有利。该研究强调，在了解和管理热带海洋生态系统中的小型远洋鱼类种群时，需要考虑河流影响和上升流动力学。

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引用次数: 0

Three-dimensional digital reconstruction techniques for ex-situ structural complexity-dependent ecological research 非原位结构复杂性依赖生态研究的三维数字重建技术

IF 2.6 3区地球科学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109642

Rinaldi Gotama , Hei Nin Kwong , Shing Yip Lee

Mangrove forests are integral components of tropical coastal ecosystems that provide numerous functions and services, which are derived from the three-dimensional structural complexity of the mangrove trees. However, experimental research regarding these functions have been limited by using simplistic replicas that bear little resemblance to true mangrove structures. Recently, improvements to 3D scanning technology have allowed quality reconstruction of complicated structures that makes realistic quantitative assessments possible. This study demonstrates the contrasting abilities of three technologies to scan mangrove structures of varying complexities at meter-scale. These tools, widely different in cost and usual application, utilize unique mechanisms for obtaining 3D objects: depth sensor in Microsoft Kinect, structure from motion photogrammetry, and lidar in GeoSLAM ZEB Revo RT. Each 3D scanning technique was able to reproduce digital models with relative accuracy and precision, albeit with individual strengths and limitations. Although Kinect remains as a reliable 3D scanner, the bulk of its accessories and sensitivity to sunlight hampered its use in routine field scanning. Photogrammetry reconstructed the most accurate mangrove tree structures, but was unable to reconstruct much of dense canopies and thin aerial roots that are characteristic of some species. ZEB Revo did not capture fine details essential in meter-scale mangrove tree structures, although its rapid and large-scale scanning capabilities make it valuable in mapping forest complexity and allows estimation of system attributes, e.g., blue carbon stock, at the forest scale. The potential for future applications of 3D printed mangrove models, especially in studying habitat use and animal behavior, was discussed.

红树林是热带沿海生态系统的组成部分，提供许多功能和服务，这些功能和服务来自红树林三维结构的复杂性。然而，关于这些功能的实验研究受到使用与真正红树林结构几乎没有相似之处的简单复制品的限制。最近，3D扫描技术的改进使得复杂结构的高质量重建成为可能，这使得现实的定量评估成为可能。这项研究展示了三种技术在米尺度上扫描不同复杂性红树林结构的对比能力。这些工具在成本和通常应用上有很大的不同，利用独特的机制来获取3D物体：微软Kinect的深度传感器，运动摄影测量的结构，GeoSLAM ZEB Revo rt的激光雷达。每种3D扫描技术都能够以相对的精度和精度再现数字模型，尽管有各自的优势和局限性。虽然Kinect仍然是一个可靠的3D扫描仪，但它的大量配件和对阳光的敏感性阻碍了它在常规现场扫描中的应用。摄影测量重建了最精确的红树林树木结构，但无法重建许多密集的树冠和薄的气根，这是一些物种的特征。ZEB Revo没有捕捉到米尺度红树林树木结构中必不可少的精细细节，尽管其快速和大规模的扫描能力使其在绘制森林复杂性方面具有价值，并允许在森林尺度上估计系统属性，例如蓝碳储量。讨论了3D打印红树林模型的未来应用潜力，特别是在研究栖息地利用和动物行为方面。

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引用次数: 0

Exchange flow structure at two inlets of a multiple-inlet subtropical estuary 亚热带多入口河口两个入口交换流结构

IF 2.6 3区地球科学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109649

Maria F. Gastelu-Barcena , Jorge A. Laurel-Castillo , Maitane Olabarrieta , Christine Angelini , David Fugate , Arnoldo Valle-Levinson

This study seeks to advance understanding of residual, or subtidal, exchange flow structures at different inlets of a multiple-inlet estuary. For this purpose, the study used towed Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) measurements and hydrographic profiles during one diurnal tidal cycle. The spatial structure of ocean-estuary exchange was observed at the two main inlets of the Charlotte Harbor estuary, Florida, which is influenced by well-defined subtropical seasons: wet and dry. The <6 m deep San Carlos Bay inlet was sampled in late August during the wet season and the <16 m deep Boca Grande Pass was sampled in March during the dry season. Results revealed distinct subtidal flow distributions at the two inlets: vertically sheared exchange flows in San Carlos Bay, and laterally sheared exchange flows in Boca Grande Pass. Non-dimensional densimetric tidal Froude and Ekman numbers, as well as analytical model results, suggested the main drivers of the contrasting flow patterns. Vertically sheared flows at San Carlos Bay displayed relatively small densimetric tidal Froude and Ekman numbers, associated with density gradients as the main driving agent. Boca Grande Pass showed relatively large tidal Froude number because of the influence of tidal stresses, and relatively large Ekman number caused by friction. These differences were attributed to the contrasting characteristics of the two inlets, including their bathymetry, tidal forcing and river discharge influence. Such differences are explained by the non-dimensional numbers, which should be applicable to other inlets forced by tides and density gradients.

本研究旨在促进对多入口河口不同入口的残留或潮下交换流结构的理解。为此，该研究使用了拖曳式声学多普勒电流剖面仪（ADCP）在一个日潮汐周期内的测量和水文剖面。在佛罗里达州夏洛特港河口的两个主要入口观测了海口交换的空间结构，该空间结构受明确的亚热带季节：湿季和干季的影响。6 m深的圣卡洛斯湾入口在8月下旬的雨季取样，16 m深的博卡格兰德山口在3月的旱季取样。结果表明，两个入口的潮下流分布明显，分别为圣卡洛斯湾的垂直剪切交换流和博卡格兰德山口的横向剪切交换流。无量纲密度潮汐Froude和Ekman数以及分析模型结果表明了形成对比流型的主要驱动因素。在圣卡洛斯湾垂直剪切流显示相对较小的密度潮汐弗劳德和埃克曼数，与密度梯度相关的主要驱动因素。博卡格兰德山口受潮汐应力的影响，潮汐弗鲁德数较大，摩擦引起的Ekman数较大。这些差异是由两个入口的不同特征造成的，包括水深、潮汐强迫和河流流量的影响。这种差异可以用非量纲数字来解释，这应该适用于其他受潮汐和密度梯度影响的入口。

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引用次数: 0

Alternate rotating layered circulation in response to extrinsic and intrinsic forcing in the Japan sea 交替旋转层状环流对日本海外在和内在强迫的响应

IF 2.6 3区地球科学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109650

Junlu Li , Jianping Gan

The three-dimensional circulation in the Japan Sea (JS) plays an important role in its water mass and biogeochemical substances exchange with neighboring oceans. However, characterizing the spatiotemporal circulation pattern in the JS, and diagnosing its complex forcing mechanism between intrinsic flow-topography interaction and extrinsic flux through the straits connected with adjacent seas remain challenge. Combined observations with numerical modeling and a novel Stokes-based layer-integrated vorticity equation (LIVE) dynamics, we discovered a three-layer circulation with alternating cyclonic, anti-cyclonic, and cyclonic circulation in the upper (0–150 m), middle (150–250 m), and bottom (>250 m) layers in the JS, respectively. The strong cyclonic and weak anti-cyclonic circulations in the upper and middle layers show similar seasonal phase: the domain-integrated vorticity anomaly is positive during winter and negative from summer to early autumn. In contrast, cyclonic circulation in the bottom layer remains relatively stable throughout the year. We diagnosed that besides vorticity input from wind stress curl in the upper layer, the lateral planetary vorticity fluxes from inflow/outflow through the straits surrounding the JS lead to vortex stretching in all layers and extrinsically control the structure of the layered circulation. The joint effects of baroclinicity and relief (JEBAR) arising from flow–topography interaction is an intrinsic dynamic response to the extrinsic forcing and dynamically shapes the layered circulation. Based on Stokes circulation theorem, this study characterizes the layered circulation pattern, and based on LIVE dynamics, effectively identifies intrinsic and extrinsic forcing mechanisms for the layered circulation in the JS and other marginal seas.

日本海的三维环流在日本海与邻近海洋的水团和生物地球化学物质交换中起着重要作用。然而，表征南海的时空环流格局，并诊断其内在流动-地形相互作用与通过邻近海域的海峡的外在通量之间的复杂强迫机制仍然是一个挑战。结合观测、数值模拟和基于stokes的新型层积分涡度方程（LIVE）动力学，我们发现JS的高层（0-150 m）、中层（150-250 m）和底层（>250 m）分别存在气旋、反气旋和气旋交替的三层环流。中高层强气旋环流和弱反气旋环流表现出相似的季节相位，冬季为正，夏季至初秋为负。相反，低层的气旋环流全年保持相对稳定。我们诊断出，除了上层风应力旋度的涡度输入外，通过JS周围海峡流入/流出的侧向行星涡量通量导致各层涡的拉伸，从外部控制层状环流的结构。由流动-地形相互作用产生的斜压和地形起伏联合效应（JEBAR）是对外在强迫的内在动力响应，并动态地塑造了层状环流。基于Stokes环流定理，刻画了层状环流型，并基于LIVE动力学有效识别了JS及其他边缘海层状环流的内、外源强迫机制。

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引用次数: 0

Uncovering biogenic methane and vertical stratified cycling of elements in the Zhoushan offshore area 舟山近海生物甲烷与元素垂直分层循环揭示

IF 2.6 3区地球科学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2025.109648

Xujia Ming, Hanghang Song, Qingfen Liu, Rongguo Su, Xianguo Li, Dahai Zhang

Uncontrolled spillage of shallow gas poses a significant threat to offshore engineering safety, with its main component methane (CH₄) acting as a potent greenhouse gas. Elucidating the biogenic shallow gas in offshore sediments is imperative for strengthening defenses against marine geohazards and elemental cycling processes. This study investigated the methanogenesis and its regulatory mechanisms in the vertical profile of Zhoushan offshore area through 16S rRNA sequencing and metagenome techniques. Metagenomics highlighted the contribution of acetoclastic methanogenesis (97 %) driven by Methanosarcina and Methanocella in the deep layers (24–31.2 m), supported by the high abundance of acs (76 %) and cdh (15 %) genes. Simultaneously, hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis also contributed 56 % of the metabolic activity. The redox interface showed close interactions between the nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and CH₄ cycles, mainly driven by Sulfurimonas (0.6–59 %) and Pseudomonas (7–30 %). Serine pathway–mediated CH₄ oxidation suppressed emissions in shallow sediments (12–24 m), aligning with elevated enzyme abundances (M00346). In the vertical profiles, dissimilatory nitrate reduction and denitrification pathways dominated nitrogen metabolism, while assimilatory sulfate reduction pathway dominated sulfur metabolism. These findings revealed that denitrification–dependent anaerobic CH₄ oxidation (DAMO) and sulfate–dependent anaerobic CH₄ oxidation (SAMO) predominated in deep sediments, which might develop synthetic trophic relationship through direct electron transfer and drive the coexistence of CH₄–oxidizing bacteria in deep sediments.

由于浅层天然气的主要成分甲烷（CH4）是一种强效的温室气体，其不受控制的泄漏对海洋工程安全构成了重大威胁。阐明海洋沉积物中浅层生物气的成因，对于加强海洋地质灾害和元素循环过程的防御具有重要意义。本研究通过16S rRNA测序和宏基因组技术对舟山近海垂直剖面甲烷生成及其调控机制进行了研究。宏基因组学强调了深层（24-31.2 m）由Methanosarcina和Methanocella驱动的醋酸裂解产甲烷（97%），由高丰度的acs（76%）和cdh（15%）基因支持。同时，氢营养化产甲烷也贡献了56%的代谢活性。氧化还原界面显示氮(N)、硫(S)和CH4循环之间的密切相互作用，主要由硫单胞菌（0.6 - 59%）和假单胞菌（7 - 30%）驱动。丝氨酸途径介导的CH4氧化抑制了浅层沉积物（12-24 m）的排放，与酶丰度升高（M00346）一致。在垂直剖面上，异化硝态氮还原和反硝化途径主导氮代谢，同化硫酸盐还原途径主导硫代谢。上述结果表明，深层沉积物中以反硝化依赖的厌氧CH4氧化（DAMO）和硫酸盐依赖的厌氧CH4氧化（SAMO）为主，可能通过直接电子转移形成合成营养关系，驱动深层沉积物中CH4氧化菌的共存。

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