Pub Date : 2024-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108974
Aafaq Nazir , Ting-Hung Lin , Tien-Hsia Kuo , Kotaro Shirai , Pei-Ling Wang , Jen-Chieh Shiao
Psenopsis anomala (Japanese butterfish) is a commercially important fish species with a wide distribution in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, but its catch in Taiwanese waters has been declining for decades. This study aims to elucidate the migration pattern and population structure of P. anomala by analyzing otolith δ18O values, mitochondrial COI and cyt b sequences, respectively. The results reveal a seasonal migration pattern between the northern South China Sea and the Yellow Sea. Analysis of the haplotype network reveals that most P. anomala collected from each location share the haplotypes Hap1 and Hap5, while each population also has its own unique haplotypes. Analysis of molecular variance reveals that the primary variation (92.98%) is observed among individuals within the populations. Fu's FS test conducted for all populations showed no significant differences, and the mismatch distribution aligns with recent population expansion. Both the maximum likelihood tree and the median-joining network show no geographic population structuring in P. anomala samples from Japan and Taiwan. The combined findings from otolith microchemistry and genetic analysis suggests that P. anomala distributed in east Asia shall be managed as a single stock.
日本蝶鱼（Psenopsis anomala）是一种重要的商业鱼类，广泛分布于西北太平洋，但几十年来在台湾海域的捕获量一直在下降。本研究旨在通过分析耳石δ18O值、线粒体COI和细胞b序列，阐明日本鲳鱼的洄游模式和种群结构。结果显示，南海北部与黄海之间存在季节性洄游模式。对单倍型网络的分析表明，从各地采集到的无尾鲈大多具有相同的单倍型 Hap1 和 Hap5，同时每个种群也有自己独特的单倍型。分子变异分析表明，主要变异（92.98%）发生在种群内的个体之间。对所有种群进行的傅氏 FS 检验显示没有显著差异，错配分布与最近的种群扩张一致。最大似然树和中位连接网络都表明，日本和台湾的无尾熊样本没有地理种群结构。耳石微化学和遗传分析的综合结果表明，分布在东亚的 P. anomala 应作为单一种群进行管理。
{"title":"Seasonal distribution and population genetic structure of Psenopsis anomala (Japanese butterfish) inferred from otolith oxygen isotope ratios and mitochondrial DNA","authors":"Aafaq Nazir , Ting-Hung Lin , Tien-Hsia Kuo , Kotaro Shirai , Pei-Ling Wang , Jen-Chieh Shiao","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Psenopsis anomala</em> (Japanese butterfish) is a commercially important fish species with a wide distribution in the Northwest Pacific Ocean, but its catch in Taiwanese waters has been declining for decades. This study aims to elucidate the migration pattern and population structure of <em>P</em>. <em>anomala</em> by analyzing otolith δ<sup>18</sup>O values, mitochondrial <em>COI</em> and <em>cyt b</em> sequences, respectively. The results reveal a seasonal migration pattern between the northern South China Sea and the Yellow Sea. Analysis of the haplotype network reveals that most <em>P. anomala</em> collected from each location share the haplotypes Hap1 and Hap5, while each population also has its own unique haplotypes. Analysis of molecular variance reveals that the primary variation (92.98%) is observed among individuals within the populations. Fu's <em>F</em><sub><em>S</em></sub> test conducted for all populations showed no significant differences, and the mismatch distribution aligns with recent population expansion. Both the maximum likelihood tree and the median-joining network show no geographic population structuring in <em>P</em>. <em>anomala</em> samples from Japan and Taiwan. The combined findings from otolith microchemistry and genetic analysis suggests that <em>P</em>. <em>anomala</em> distributed in east Asia shall be managed as a single stock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 108974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108968
Emily J. Douglas , Orlando Lam-Gordillo , Sarah F. Hailes , Andrew M. Lohrer , Vonda J. Cummings
Coastal marine ecosystems are under increasing threat from environmental shifts associated with climate change, particularly increasing temperatures, as temperature influences the physiology, distribution, and abundance of marine organisms. Sediment temperatures on soft sediment intertidal flats are highly variable in space and time due to intermittent exposure to air and seawater. Surface sediment layers may have greater temperature variation relative to deeper layers, and local physical and biological characteristics as well as oceanic and atmospheric temperature conditions are expected to influence the temperatures experienced by sediment dwelling fauna. However, there is little reporting of the dynamics of sediment temperatures in these ecosystems and the local conditions that drive them. We focused on measuring estuarine intertidal sediment temperatures to describe the conditions that resident intertidal macroinvertebrates, including infauna, are being exposed to. Monitoring of sediment temperatures in intertidal ecosystems during summer revealed that sandy intertidal flats had greater temperature fluctuations than muddy intertidal flats. Local weather conditions were important drivers of both low and high tide sediment temperatures, and satellite derived sea surface temperature (SST) data for the study area were sparse and poorly matched sediment temperatures, revealing limitations of satellite SST for predicting site-specific intertidal sediment temperatures in nearshore areas. This study demonstrates the need for long term monitoring of intertidal sediment temperatures across large spatial scales and environmental gradients to understand and predict the potential impacts of climate change.
{"title":"Characterising intertidal sediment temperature gradients in estuarine systems","authors":"Emily J. Douglas , Orlando Lam-Gordillo , Sarah F. Hailes , Andrew M. Lohrer , Vonda J. Cummings","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal marine ecosystems are under increasing threat from environmental shifts associated with climate change, particularly increasing temperatures, as temperature influences the physiology, distribution, and abundance of marine organisms. Sediment temperatures on soft sediment intertidal flats are highly variable in space and time due to intermittent exposure to air and seawater. Surface sediment layers may have greater temperature variation relative to deeper layers, and local physical and biological characteristics as well as oceanic and atmospheric temperature conditions are expected to influence the temperatures experienced by sediment dwelling fauna. However, there is little reporting of the dynamics of sediment temperatures in these ecosystems and the local conditions that drive them. We focused on measuring estuarine intertidal sediment temperatures to describe the conditions that resident intertidal macroinvertebrates, including infauna, are being exposed to. Monitoring of sediment temperatures in intertidal ecosystems during summer revealed that sandy intertidal flats had greater temperature fluctuations than muddy intertidal flats. Local weather conditions were important drivers of both low and high tide sediment temperatures, and satellite derived sea surface temperature (SST) data for the study area were sparse and poorly matched sediment temperatures, revealing limitations of satellite SST for predicting site-specific intertidal sediment temperatures in nearshore areas. This study demonstrates the need for long term monitoring of intertidal sediment temperatures across large spatial scales and environmental gradients to understand and predict the potential impacts of climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 108968"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108969
Minjun Kim , Hyung-Mi Cho , Hyekyung Park , Guebuem Kim
We investigated seasonal variations in the dissolved nutrients and organic matter (DOM) in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea shelf waters from 2017 to 2021. Dissolved organic nitrogen and phosphorus (DON and DOP) concentrations were the highest in the upper layer (<30 m) during the time of spring and autumn bloom and were the lowest in summer. In spring, DON and DOP contributed up to approximately 90% and 80% of the total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and phosphorus (TDP), respectively. The C:N:P stoichiometry of the DOM pool in spring and autumn indicates that freshly in-situ produced DOM is N-rich compared to the DOM observed in summer and winter, resulting in a dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN)-limited environment in the upper layer of seawater during spring and autumn. Conversely, in summer, the highest C:N ratios (∼27) of the DOM pool revealed the DOM remained after the degradation and formation of the refractory pool by marine bacteria. In winter, all nutrients were vertically uniform due to active vertical mixing. This study highlights notable seasonal variations in the cycling of DON and DOP, leading to changes in their bioavailability and subsequent ecosystem responses in the shelf sea.
研究了2017-2021年黄海和东海大陆架水域溶解营养盐和有机质（DOM）的季节变化。溶解有机氮和有机磷（DON和DOP）浓度在春秋水华期上层（30 m）最高，夏季最低。春季，DON 和 DOP 分别占总溶解氮（TDN）和总溶解磷（TDP）的约 90% 和 80%。春秋两季 DOM 池的 C:N:P 化学计量表明，与夏季和冬季观察到的 DOM 相比，春季原地产生的新 DOM 富含 N，从而导致春秋两季海水上层的溶解无机氮（DIN）环境有限。相反，夏季 DOM 池中最高的 C:N 比值（∼27）显示了海洋细菌降解并形成耐火池后残留的 DOM。在冬季，由于垂直混合活跃，所有营养物质在垂直方向上都是均匀的。这项研究强调了 DON 和 DOP 循环的显著季节性变化，导致其生物利用率的变化以及陆架海生态系统随后的反应。
{"title":"Importance of dissolved organic nutrients on nutrient stoichiometry in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea","authors":"Minjun Kim , Hyung-Mi Cho , Hyekyung Park , Guebuem Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated seasonal variations in the dissolved nutrients and organic matter (DOM) in the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea shelf waters from 2017 to 2021. Dissolved organic nitrogen and phosphorus (DON and DOP) concentrations were the highest in the upper layer (<30 m) during the time of spring and autumn bloom and were the lowest in summer. In spring, DON and DOP contributed up to approximately 90% and 80% of the total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and phosphorus (TDP), respectively. The C:N:P stoichiometry of the DOM pool in spring and autumn indicates that freshly in-situ produced DOM is N-rich compared to the DOM observed in summer and winter, resulting in a dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN)-limited environment in the upper layer of seawater during spring and autumn. Conversely, in summer, the highest C:N ratios (∼27) of the DOM pool revealed the DOM remained after the degradation and formation of the refractory pool by marine bacteria. In winter, all nutrients were vertically uniform due to active vertical mixing. This study highlights notable seasonal variations in the cycling of DON and DOP, leading to changes in their bioavailability and subsequent ecosystem responses in the shelf sea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 108969"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108971
W. Champenois , G. Lepoint , A.V. Borges
We report estimates of community gross primary production (GPP), community respiration (CR), and net community production (NCP) based on the change of dissolved O2 during incubations over epilithic turf-forming macroalgae (Halopteris scoparia, Padina pavonica, and Dictyota dichotoma) on 7 occasions and in accumulations of Posidonia oceanica macrophytodetritus (i.e. litter) on 8 occasions in the Bay of Revellata (Corsica) from March 2009 to May 2011. In the epilithic macroalgae community, GPP ranged between 7.8 and 82.2 mmol O2 m−2 d−1, CR ranged between −108.5 and −13.6 mmol O2 m−2 d−1, and NCP ranged between −53.2 and −5.7 mmol O2 m−2 d−1. In the P. oceanica macrophytodetritus accumulation, GPP ranged between 5.7 and 91.6 mmol O2 m−2 d−1, CR ranged between −112.8 and −27.2 mmol O2 m−2 d−1, and NCP ranged between −46.8 and −9.9 mmol O2 m−2 d−1. GPP in both the epilithic macroalgae community and the P. oceanica macrophytodetritus accumulation peaked in summer and was lowest in fall, following the seasonal variation of incoming light. GPP correlated to macroalgal biomass but was unrelated to the biomass of living macroscopic plant material in the P. oceanica macrophytodetritus accumulation. The annual average of GPP was equivalent in the epilithic macroalgae and P. oceanica macrophytodetritus accumulation communities (17.6 and 19.4mol O2 m−2 yr−1). Both the epilithic macroalgae community and the P. oceanica macrophytodetritus accumulation were net heterotrophic with an annual average NCP of −6.1 and −8.8mol O2 m−2 yr−1, respectively. The NCP of the adjacent P. oceanica meadow at 10 m depth based on simultaneous measurements based on the open water O2 mass balance from moored O2 probes (optodes) was 28.9mol O2 m−2 yr−1. The potential export of dissolved organic carbon from the P. oceanica meadow could quantitatively meet the carbon demand to sustain the net heterotrophy of the adjacent epilithic macroalgae community in the Bay of Revellata. We also show the limitation and possibly over-estimation of extrapolating decay rates based on litter bag experiments with small quantities of material to “real” macrophytodetritus biomass densities.
{"title":"Community gross primary production and respiration in epilithic macroalgae and Posidonia oceanica macrophytodetritus accumulation in the Bay of Revellata (Corsica)","authors":"W. Champenois , G. Lepoint , A.V. Borges","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report estimates of community gross primary production (GPP), community respiration (CR), and net community production (NCP) based on the change of dissolved O<sub>2</sub> during incubations over epilithic turf-forming macroalgae (<em>Halopteris scoparia</em>, <em>Padina pavonica</em>, and <em>Dictyota dichotoma</em>) on 7 occasions and in accumulations of <em>Posidonia oceanica</em> macrophytodetritus (<em>i.e.</em> litter) on 8 occasions in the Bay of Revellata (Corsica) from March 2009 to May 2011. In the epilithic macroalgae community, GPP ranged between 7.8 and 82.2 mmol O<sub>2</sub> m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, CR ranged between −108.5 and −13.6 mmol O<sub>2</sub> m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, and NCP ranged between −53.2 and −5.7 mmol O<sub>2</sub> m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>. In the <em>P. oceanica</em> macrophytodetritus accumulation, GPP ranged between 5.7 and 91.6 mmol O<sub>2</sub> m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, CR ranged between −112.8 and −27.2 mmol O<sub>2</sub> m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>, and NCP ranged between −46.8 and −9.9 mmol O<sub>2</sub> m<sup>−2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>. GPP in both the epilithic macroalgae community and the <em>P. oceanica</em> macrophytodetritus accumulation peaked in summer and was lowest in fall, following the seasonal variation of incoming light. GPP correlated to macroalgal biomass but was unrelated to the biomass of living macroscopic plant material in the <em>P. oceanica</em> macrophytodetritus accumulation. The annual average of GPP was equivalent in the epilithic macroalgae and <em>P. oceanica</em> macrophytodetritus accumulation communities (17.6 and 19.4mol O<sub>2</sub> m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>). Both the epilithic macroalgae community and the <em>P. oceanica</em> macrophytodetritus accumulation were net heterotrophic with an annual average NCP of −6.1 and −8.8mol O<sub>2</sub> m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. The NCP of the adjacent <em>P. oceanica</em> meadow at 10 m depth based on simultaneous measurements based on the open water O<sub>2</sub> mass balance from moored O<sub>2</sub> probes (optodes) was 28.9mol O<sub>2</sub> m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>. The potential export of dissolved organic carbon from the <em>P. oceanica</em> meadow could quantitatively meet the carbon demand to sustain the net heterotrophy of the adjacent epilithic macroalgae community in the Bay of Revellata. We also show the limitation and possibly over-estimation of extrapolating decay rates based on litter bag experiments with small quantities of material to “real” macrophytodetritus biomass densities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 108971"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142358127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108970
Luiza Bielecka , Violetta Drozdowska , Ilona Złoch , Daniel Rak , Vadim Pelevin , Ekaterina Koltsova
In June 2015, aboard the r/v Akademik Ioffe, a study was conducted on the surface zooplankton community in selected Baltic Sea basins along the Arkona Basin - Gulf of Gdansk route. Samples were collected using a 100 μm mesh plankton net at depths of 2–0 m. Additionally, optical and physical properties were assessed through remote (lidar) and in-situ (CTD and surface microlayer seawater sampling) measurements to provide a foundation for biological analysis.
The zooplankton included 19 taxa from holoplanktonic Copepoda, Diplostraca, Rotifera, and meroplanktonic stages of Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Polychaeta, Cirripedia, and Pisces. Zooplankton abundance ranged from 37399 ind. m−3 (Slupsk Furrow) to 267744 ind. m−3 (Bornholm Basin), with copepods being the most numerous groups. While the zooplankton community composition was relatively stable across the study area, their distribution varied. The most diverse station was Slupsk Furrow, with Copepoda, Diplostraca, Rotifera, and meroplankton making up approximately 40%, 25%, 20%, and 5%, respectively. In contrast, Bornholm Basin had the highest zooplankton numbers, mainly dominated by copepods (90%) with minor contributions from other groups.
Fluorescence properties of surface microlayer organic matter were assessed by measuring the intensity ratio of the primary fluorophores (A, C, M, and T) of dissolved organic matter molecules, represented as (M + T)/(A + C). This indicated a mixed marine-terrestrial nature of organic matter in stations west of the Slupsk Furrow. Stations at the Arkona Basin and the Slupsk Furrow had the highest ratio values, suggesting a significant marine organic matter source. In contrast, stations east of the Slupsk Furrow exhibited lower (M + T)/(A + C) ratios, indicating a dominant terrestrial origin for organic matter. Lidar results further supported the division of the study area into two regions based on bio-optical properties: a western region (Arkona Basin, Bornholm Basin, and Slupsk Furrow) and an eastern region (Gotland Basin and Gdansk Basin). Moreover, the variability in zooplankton community structure and distribution is closely correlated with the water hydrographic and optical characteristics. We can therefore conclude that all the water properties that we have studied are a derivative of the interaction of sea and land.
{"title":"Biological and optical properties of Baltic surface waters and sea-land interaction – searching for interdependencies","authors":"Luiza Bielecka , Violetta Drozdowska , Ilona Złoch , Daniel Rak , Vadim Pelevin , Ekaterina Koltsova","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In June 2015, aboard the r/v Akademik Ioffe, a study was conducted on the surface zooplankton community in selected Baltic Sea basins along the Arkona Basin - Gulf of Gdansk route. Samples were collected using a 100 μm mesh plankton net at depths of 2–0 m. Additionally, optical and physical properties were assessed through remote (lidar) and in-situ (CTD and surface microlayer seawater sampling) measurements to provide a foundation for biological analysis.</div><div>The zooplankton included 19 taxa from holoplanktonic Copepoda, Diplostraca, Rotifera, and meroplanktonic stages of Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Polychaeta, Cirripedia, and Pisces. Zooplankton abundance ranged from 37399 ind. m<sup>−3</sup> (Slupsk Furrow) to 267744 ind. m<sup>−3</sup> (Bornholm Basin), with copepods being the most numerous groups. While the zooplankton community composition was relatively stable across the study area, their distribution varied. The most diverse station was Slupsk Furrow, with Copepoda, Diplostraca, Rotifera, and meroplankton making up approximately 40%, 25%, 20%, and 5%, respectively. In contrast, Bornholm Basin had the highest zooplankton numbers, mainly dominated by copepods (90%) with minor contributions from other groups.</div><div>Fluorescence properties of surface microlayer organic matter were assessed by measuring the intensity ratio of the primary fluorophores (A, C, M, and T) of dissolved organic matter molecules, represented as (M + T)/(A + C). This indicated a mixed marine-terrestrial nature of organic matter in stations west of the Slupsk Furrow. Stations at the Arkona Basin and the Slupsk Furrow had the highest ratio values, suggesting a significant marine organic matter source. In contrast, stations east of the Slupsk Furrow exhibited lower (M + T)/(A + C) ratios, indicating a dominant terrestrial origin for organic matter. Lidar results further supported the division of the study area into two regions based on bio-optical properties: a western region (Arkona Basin, Bornholm Basin, and Slupsk Furrow) and an eastern region (Gotland Basin and Gdansk Basin). Moreover, the variability in zooplankton community structure and distribution is closely correlated with the water hydrographic and optical characteristics. We can therefore conclude that all the water properties that we have studied are a derivative of the interaction of sea and land.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 108970"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108966
Li Wang , Rich Pawlowicz , Weihua Ai , Paul Covert
Chatham Sound is an ecologically and economically important semi-enclosed basin in the northeast Pacific which has received only limited oceanographic attention. Here we investigate the surface circulation in the southern Sound by analyzing hourly current fields obtained from a high-frequency (HF) radar array, installed there in 2017 and still in operation, as well as other hydrographic and mooring measurements that allow us to characterize subsurface features at several specific locations during 2018 and 2019, and satellite imagery processed to obtain a measure of suspended particulate matter at high spatial resolution. We find that the surface circulation is dominated by the plume of the Skeena River, which flows into the southeast corner of the Sound. On average, this plume forms a northward flowing coastal current in the eastern half of the Sound, and is turbid during the freshet. The plume width changes only marginally even though the Skeena’s flow changes seasonally by a factor of about 7. However, the depth of the plume and its salinity is dramatically different during the early summer freshet compared to values in winter. Fastest plume currents appear near the offshore edges of the plume, even though the plume depth is greatest near the coast. We show that these features are consistent with those predicted from an analytical 1-1/2 layer buoyant coastal current model. Winds can accelerate or retard the coastal current; when strong enough the flow is arrested and turbid plume water fills the southern Sound.
{"title":"Wind and river effects on a coastal current in Chatham Sound, British Columbia","authors":"Li Wang , Rich Pawlowicz , Weihua Ai , Paul Covert","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chatham Sound is an ecologically and economically important semi-enclosed basin in the northeast Pacific which has received only limited oceanographic attention. Here we investigate the surface circulation in the southern Sound by analyzing hourly current fields obtained from a high-frequency (HF) radar array, installed there in 2017 and still in operation, as well as other hydrographic and mooring measurements that allow us to characterize subsurface features at several specific locations during 2018 and 2019, and satellite imagery processed to obtain a measure of suspended particulate matter at high spatial resolution. We find that the surface circulation is dominated by the plume of the Skeena River, which flows into the southeast corner of the Sound. On average, this plume forms a northward flowing coastal current in the eastern half of the Sound, and is turbid during the freshet. The plume width changes only marginally even though the Skeena’s flow changes seasonally by a factor of about 7. However, the depth of the plume and its salinity is dramatically different during the early summer freshet compared to values in winter. Fastest plume currents appear near the offshore edges of the plume, even though the plume depth is greatest near the coast. We show that these features are consistent with those predicted from an analytical 1-1/2 layer buoyant coastal current model. Winds can accelerate or retard the coastal current; when strong enough the flow is arrested and turbid plume water fills the southern Sound.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 108966"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108967
José A. González
The Canary Islands constitute one of the major marine biodiversity hotspots in the eastern-central Atlantic, with decapod crustaceans being a highly representative group in the benthic environment due to their vast diversity of taxa and occupied ecosystems. This study identifies three significant milestones corresponding to the publication of comprehensive decapod checklist for the Canary Islands in 1973, 1995, and 2018. The lists of coastal benthic decapod species (0–300 m depth) were revised and updated, indicating the biogeographic pattern and vertical distribution range of each species in the region. Changes in the composition of the biogeographic patterns of coastal decapods in the Canary Islands were analysed to evaluate whether they could be considered as a useful indicator of the tropicalization process in the region. Particular attention was paid to variations in the percentages of species with warm water affinity versus those with Atlanto-Mediterranean preferences, with the former showing a clear upward trend.
{"title":"Changes in biogeographic patterns of coastal benthic decapods: Indicators of tropicalization in the Canary Islands over the last 50 years","authors":"José A. González","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Canary Islands constitute one of the major marine biodiversity hotspots in the eastern-central Atlantic, with decapod crustaceans being a highly representative group in the benthic environment due to their vast diversity of taxa and occupied ecosystems. This study identifies three significant milestones corresponding to the publication of comprehensive decapod checklist for the Canary Islands in 1973, 1995, and 2018. The lists of coastal benthic decapod species (0–300 m depth) were revised and updated, indicating the biogeographic pattern and vertical distribution range of each species in the region. Changes in the composition of the biogeographic patterns of coastal decapods in the Canary Islands were analysed to evaluate whether they could be considered as a useful indicator of the tropicalization process in the region. Particular attention was paid to variations in the percentages of species with warm water affinity versus those with Atlanto-Mediterranean preferences, with the former showing a clear upward trend.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 108967"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-21DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108957
Ryan Hepburn , Tim Scott , Sam Prodger , Benjamin J. Ciotti
Surf zones of sandy beaches are among the most heavily impacted aquatic ecosystems, yet are of critical ecological importance for inshore fish and fisheries. Knowledge of the drivers of fish habitat use in surf zones is needed across broad scales to advise conservation and fisheries management, but sampling capabilities can be limited in spatio-temporal extent and resolution. The lesser weever Echiichthys vipera is a small, benthic, venomous fish that dominates surf zone fish assemblages in Northwest Europe and inflicts painful stings on beachgoers. This study capitalises on an extensive record of E. vipera sting incidents to characterise variations in surf zone habitat use in relation to key physical environmental factors. Sting incidents, standardised by water user numbers, are used as a proxy for E. vipera abundance across 77 beaches throughout Southwest England, with 2 h resolution, from April–November 2018. General Additive Models indicated a clear peak in E. vipera abundance at spring low tides, in the afternoons of summer months, under calmer wave conditions and at higher levels of solar irradiance. Although the order of significance differed, human water users were also driven by the same variables, compounding sting interactions over time. Key physical variables did not explain spatial variation in E. vipera abundance, although there was a weak relationship with sea surface temperature, and some evidence that reflective beaches are unsuitable. Physical factors explained more spatial variation in human water users, who gathered at more dissipative beaches with greater wave heights. This detailed study of an important surf zone fish reveals clear drivers of temporal variation in habitat use, yet infers wide suitability of beaches varying in the key physical drivers of sandy shore ecology.
沙滩的冲浪区是受影响最严重的水生生态系统之一，但对近岸鱼类和渔业具有重要的生态意义。我们需要了解冲浪区鱼类栖息地利用的驱动因素，以便为保护和渔业管理提供建议，但采样能力在时空范围和分辨率上可能会受到限制。Echiichthys vipera 是一种小型底栖有毒鱼类，在西北欧的冲浪区鱼类群中占主导地位，会给海滩上的人们带来痛苦的蜇伤。本研究利用大量的蝰蛇蜇伤事件记录来描述冲浪区栖息地的使用与主要物理环境因素的关系。2018 年 4 月至 11 月期间，在英格兰西南部的 77 个海滩上发生的蜇伤事件（按水域使用者人数标准化）被用作 E. vipera 丰度的替代物，分辨率为 2 小时。一般加性模型表明，在春季退潮时、夏季下午、波浪较平静的条件下以及太阳辐照度较高的情况下，蝰蛇的丰度明显达到峰值。尽管显著性顺序不同，但人类用水者也受到相同变量的影响，从而使蛰伤的相互作用随时间而加剧。主要的物理变量并不能解释 E. vipera 数量的空间变化，尽管与海面温度有微弱的关系，并有一些证据表明反射海滩不适合 E. vipera。物理因素可以解释人类用水者的更多空间变化，他们聚集在波高更高的耗散性海滩。这项对一种重要的冲浪区鱼类的详细研究揭示了栖息地使用的时间变化的明显驱动因素，同时也推断出在沙岸生态学的关键物理驱动因素方面不同的海滩具有广泛的适宜性。
{"title":"Drivers of variability in surf zone habitat use by sandy beach fish: Unwitting citizen scientists reveal detailed spatiotemporal patterns","authors":"Ryan Hepburn , Tim Scott , Sam Prodger , Benjamin J. Ciotti","doi":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surf zones of sandy beaches are among the most heavily impacted aquatic ecosystems, yet are of critical ecological importance for inshore fish and fisheries. Knowledge of the drivers of fish habitat use in surf zones is needed across broad scales to advise conservation and fisheries management, but sampling capabilities can be limited in spatio-temporal extent and resolution. The lesser weever <em>Echiichthys viper</em>a is a small, benthic, venomous fish that dominates surf zone fish assemblages in Northwest Europe and inflicts painful stings on beachgoers. This study capitalises on an extensive record of <em>E. vipera</em> sting incidents to characterise variations in surf zone habitat use in relation to key physical environmental factors. Sting incidents, standardised by water user numbers, are used as a proxy for <em>E. vipera</em> abundance across 77 beaches throughout Southwest England, with 2 h resolution, from April–November 2018. General Additive Models indicated a clear peak in <em>E. vipera</em> abundance at spring low tides, in the afternoons of summer months, under calmer wave conditions and at higher levels of solar irradiance. Although the order of significance differed, human water users were also driven by the same variables, compounding sting interactions over time. Key physical variables did not explain spatial variation in <em>E. vipera</em> abundance, although there was a weak relationship with sea surface temperature, and some evidence that reflective beaches are unsuitable. Physical factors explained more spatial variation in human water users, who gathered at more dissipative beaches with greater wave heights. This detailed study of an important surf zone fish reveals clear drivers of temporal variation in habitat use, yet infers wide suitability of beaches varying in the key physical drivers of sandy shore ecology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50497,"journal":{"name":"Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 108957"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-21DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108964
Pedro H.C. Sousa , Rosinette M. Santos , Maâmar El-Robrini , José Almir R. Pereira , MariaL.S. Santos
The Brazilian Amazon Coastal Zone holds the largest estuarine area in the world, located in the Amazon Continental Shelf (ACS). Additionally, it encompasses numerous estuaries and channels, such as Furo do Muriá (FM) and Furo da Laura (FL), which make up the local landscape and favor the primary productivity of water. The objective of this study was using the trophic index (TRIX) and O'Boyle index to determine the trophic state in the ACS area, FL, and FM, compare the results, and relate them to seasonality and river discharge in the sites. In the three estuaries, the applied methodology was the same: temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and saturation rate of dissolved oxygen data were obtained in situ, and the samples were filtered for the analysis of nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, phosphate, and chlorophyll a. The highest TRIX values were found in FL (3.89–3.12) and ACS (4.43–4.44), while for the O'Boyle index, the highest values were found in FL (16.73–100) and FM (43.3–100). Comparing the indices, it was observed that their classification was similar only in the ACS during the period of maximum discharge of the Amazon River (eutrophic), varying slightly in the minimum discharge period (potentially eutrophic for O'Boyle and eutrophicated for TRIX). This difference can be explained by the additional variables considered by the TRIX, such as nutrients and chlorophyll a. The scenario was completely different for FM and FL, where the TRIX showed greater variation owing to the presence of dissolved inorganic nutrients. Both indices can be used to simply and directly reflect the eutrophication conditions of estuarine areas: the joint and multiparametric approach of the indices provides complementary information regarding the dynamics of studied environments through their trophic status.
巴西亚马逊海岸区位于亚马逊大陆架（ACS），拥有世界上最大的河口区域。此外，它还包括许多河口和河道，如 Furo do Muriá（FM）和 Furo da Laura（FL），这些河口和河道构成了当地的景观，有利于提高水的初级生产力。本研究的目的是利用营养指数（TRIX）和奥博耶指数来确定 ACS 地区、FL 和 FM 的营养状态，对结果进行比较，并将其与这些地点的季节性和河流排水量联系起来。在这三个河口，应用的方法是相同的：就地获取温度、盐度、pH 值、溶解氧和溶解氧饱和率数据，并过滤样品以分析亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、氨氮、磷酸盐和叶绿素 a。比较这些指数后发现，只有 ACS 在亚马逊河最大排污期（富营养化）的指数分类相似，而在最小排污期则略有不同（O'Boyle 指数为潜在富营养化，TRIX 指数为富营养化）。这种差异可以用 TRIX 考虑的额外变量（如营养物质和叶绿素 a）来解释。FM 和 FL 的情况完全不同，由于溶解无机营养物质的存在，TRIX 显示出更大的变化。这两种指数都可以简单直接地反映河口地区的富营养化状况：指数的联合和多参数方法通过营养状态提供了有关所研究环境动态的补充信息。
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Pub Date : 2024-09-20DOI: 10.1016/j.ecss.2024.108965
Wei Li , Yiming Zhang , Peng Hu , Fuyuan Chen , Zhiguo He
Since the late 1960s, large-scale coastal embankments have been constructed along the Qiantang Estuary (QE, China) covering both the Qiantang River (QR) and the Hangzhou Bay (HZB) to reduce the tidal prism and thus stabilize the channel. While most previous studies have reported their relevant impacts on hydrodynamic and sediment transport in the HZB, a more comprehensive investigation covering the whole QR + HZB system remains lacking, so as a quantitative analysis of the tidal prism and the channel stability. Therefore, numerical case studies have been conducted to examine evolutions of hydrodynamics and sediment transport of the QR + HZB system in response to different coastal embankments (i.e., no embankment as in 1958; QR embankment as in 1984; QR embankment + part of HZB embankment as in 2004; both QR and HZB embankment as in 2016). It is shown that the flood tidal asymmetry in the QR and the tidal range in the HZB are significantly increased, implying an intensified tidal distortion and thus a strengthened river role after embankments. While this intensification does not change the direction (from HZB to QR) of the net sediment transport, all of the sediment exchange rates [e.g., the landward (during flood tides) and seaward (during ebb tides) sediment transport volumes, as well as the net sediment transport rate between them] exhibits obvious decreasing trends. In addition, strong deposition is observed in the Jianshan (JS) reach, which has led to further increase of the underwater giant sandbar. The constructions of embankments have facilitated the initial goal of reducing tidal prism in most part of the QR + HZB system, except some local parts of the HZB, where increased tidal prism can be observed as the effect of the enlarged tidal range overwhelms that of embankments. Moreover, the channel stability was greatly improved as the mainstream has been mostly converged to the reach centerline and the width-depth ratio of the channel has been considerably reduced. The present investigation of the QE regulation could be indicative for the management of other estuaries in the world.
自 20 世纪 60 年代末以来，钱塘江口（中国钱塘江）沿岸修建了大规模的沿海堤坝，覆盖钱塘江和杭州湾，以减小潮汐棱角，从而稳定河道。尽管之前的大多数研究都报告了它们对杭州湾水动力和泥沙输运的相关影响，但仍缺乏对整个钱塘江+杭州湾水系进行更全面的调查，以对潮汐棱镜和航道稳定性进行定量分析。因此，我们开展了数值案例研究，考察 QR + HZB 系统在不同沿岸堤坝（即 1958 年无堤坝；1984 年 QR 堤坝；2004 年 QR 堤坝 + 部分 HZB 堤坝；2016 年 QR 和 HZB 堤坝）作用下的水动力和泥沙输运演变。结果表明，QR 的洪水潮汐不对称性和 HZB 的潮汐范围都明显增大，这意味着潮汐扭曲加剧，从而加强了堤防后的河流作用。虽然这种加剧并没有改变净泥沙输运的方向（从 HZB 到 QR），但所有的泥沙交换率[例如，向陆（洪潮期间）和向海（退潮期间）的泥沙输运量，以及它们之间的净泥沙输运率]都呈现出明显的下降趋势。此外，尖山（JS）河段出现了强烈的沉积现象，导致水下巨型沙洲进一步增大。在 QR+HZB 系统中，除了 HZB 的局部地区，由于潮差的扩大压倒了堤坝的作用，潮汐棱镜增加，堤坝的修建促进了大部分地区潮汐棱镜的减少。此外，由于主流大部分已汇聚到河道中心线，河道的宽深比也大大降低，因此河道的稳定性大大提高。本次对 QE 调节的研究可为世界其他河口的管理提供参考。
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