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Once Again on the Concept of Evidence in Civil Procedure Law 再论民事诉讼法中的证据概念
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/54
G. Тoktakunkyzy, Z. Matisakova
The article discusses the process of proof and its stages, classification of evidence. The role of forensic evidence in resolving disputes in the process is becoming increasingly important. Problems of collecting and interpreting evidence associated with the evidentiary process are of particular importance in legal disputes, since they are means of proof that determine the outcome of the judicial consideration of the dispute. The purpose of the evidence is to establish factual circumstances relevant to the resolution of the civil case. When studying scientific work, the goal is to analyze the place of judicial evidence in civil proceedings and the problems in it using the example of domestic and foreign scientific literature. The methodological basis of the study is relativity, consistency, and formal legal methods. The results obtained in the scientific work are recommended for use in judicial practice, in the science of civil procedural law, in the science of the law of evidence.
文章讨论了举证过程及其阶段、证据分类。法医证据在解决纠纷过程中的作用日益重要。与举证过程相关的证据收集和解释问题在法律纠纷中尤为重要,因为它们是决定纠纷司法审理结果的证明手段。证据的目的是确定与解决民事案件相关的事实情况。在研究科学著作时,我们的目标是以国内外科学文献为例,分析司法证据在民事诉讼中的地位及其存在的问题。研究的方法论基础是相对性、一致性和正式的法律方法。建议在司法实践、民事诉讼法科学、证据法科学中使用科学研究取得的成果。
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引用次数: 0
Urea in the Diets of Dairy Cows 奶牛日粮中的尿素
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/17
A. Ibragimov, M. Maharramov
In most farms of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, the basis of the feed balance of cattle consists of roughage, straw, hay, relatively less succulent feed and a very small part - fresh grass and fortified feed. That is why animals on these farms in winter stall conditions consume less digestible protein by an average of 40-55 g or more per unit of feed. On farms, urea was used to provide sufficient protein for cattle. During the experiment, cows of both groups (experimental and control) were fed in stall conditions and received the same number of feed shares according to their nutritional value. The only difference was that each cow in the experimental group was given an additional 80 g of urea per day. The results of our experience show that the daily milk yield of each cow that received 80 g of urea in the feed ration is on average 1,15 kg or 29,9% more compared to cows that did not receive urea, and the fat content of milk is from 0.1 up to 0,39%. The live weight of each cow receiving urea (over 123 days of experiment) was on average 17,47 kg greater than that of cows not receiving urea. The use of urea in livestock farming not only increases milk and meat productivity, but also reduces the cost of production.
在纳希切万自治共和国的大多数农场中,牛的饲料平衡基础是粗饲料、稻草、干草、肉质相对较少的饲料以及极少部分鲜草和强化饲料。因此,这些农场的牲畜在冬季存栏条件下消耗的可消化蛋白质较少,平均每单位饲料消耗 40-55 克或更多。农场使用尿素为牛提供充足的蛋白质。实验期间,两组奶牛(实验组和对照组)都在牛栏条件下饲喂,并根据营养价值获得相同数量的饲料。唯一不同的是,实验组的每头牛每天额外摄入 80 克尿素。我们的经验结果表明,每头在饲料中添加 80 克尿素的奶牛的日产奶量比未添加尿素的奶牛平均高出 1.15 公斤或 29.9%,牛奶中的脂肪含量从 0.1% 到 0.39%。在 123 天的实验中,每头使用尿素的奶牛的活重平均比未使用尿素的奶牛多 17.47 千克。在畜牧业中使用尿素不仅能提高牛奶和肉的产量,还能降低生产成本。
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引用次数: 0
On Some Issues of Judicial Practice in Human Trafficking Cases 论人口贩运案件中的若干司法实践问题
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/55
D. Ozbekov, A. Mashabaev, N. Siubaeva
Human trafficking continues to be one of the serious problems of the modern world community. The authors made an attempt on the basis of a comprehensive study (legal analysis of the composition of human trafficking and the study of judicial practice) to identify problematic issues when considering cases of this category, in order to ensure uniform approaches and develop a legal position. Eighteen sentences posted in the public domain in the Judicial Cabinet service, reviewed by the country's courts from 2015 to 2022, were studied. The data of official statistics are analyzed, the latency of crimes related to human trafficking is noted. The “facets” of human trafficking as a legal phenomenon in the history of national criminal legislation are traced. As possible ways to increase the effectiveness of countering trafficking in persons, as well as bringing domestic legislation into line with international law, it is proposed to include in the dispositions of Articles 128, 135 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan an indication of the methods of committing crimes, differentiate the composition of trafficking in persons and trafficking in minors depending on the nature and purpose of the actions committed, systematically summarize judicial practice in cases of about human trafficking.
人口贩运仍然是现代社会的严重问题之一。作者试图在全面研究(对人口贩运构成的法律分析和司法实践研究)的基础上,找出审理此类案件时存在的问题,以确保采取统一的方法并形成法律立场。研究了司法内阁服务中公开发布的 18 份判决书,这些判决书在 2015 年至 2022 年期间由国内法院进行了审查。对官方统计数据进行了分析,并指出了与人口贩运有关的犯罪的潜伏期。追溯了人口贩运作为一种法律现象在国家刑事立法史上的 "面貌"。为了提高打击人口贩运的有效性,并使国内立法与国际法保持一致,建议在《哈萨克斯坦共和国刑法典》第128条和第135条的规定中说明犯罪方法,根据所犯罪行的性质和目的区分人口贩运和未成年人贩运的构成,系统总结人口贩运案件的司法实践。
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引用次数: 0
Diagnostic Scale for Acute Appendicitis to Prevent General Peritonitis in Children 预防儿童全身腹膜炎的急性阑尾炎诊断量表
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/32
U. Orozoev, A. Kadyrkulov
This article presents the development and implementation of a diagnostic scale for acute appendicitis in children over 5 years of age with the aim of effectively preventing general peritonitis in children. The study is based on an extensive analysis of clinical cases and medical observation data. The proposed diagnostic scale, based on a comprehensive analysis of the disease history, clinical signs, and laboratory parameters, demonstrates high accuracy and reliability in determining acute appendicitis in children, which contributes to the timely initiation of treatment and reducing the risk of developing intra-abdominal complications including generalized peritonitis.
本文介绍了 5 岁以上儿童急性阑尾炎诊断量表的制定和实施情况,旨在有效预防儿童全身腹膜炎。该研究基于对临床病例和医学观察数据的广泛分析。所提出的诊断量表基于对病史、临床体征和实验室指标的综合分析,在判断儿童急性阑尾炎方面表现出较高的准确性和可靠性,有助于及时开始治疗,降低发生腹腔内并发症(包括全身腹膜炎)的风险。
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引用次数: 0
Research and Development of Obtaining Scandium from Waste Cake by Aluminothermal Method 铝热法从废饼中获取钪的研究与开发
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/38
Zh. Tunguchbekova, E. Shabdanova, Zh. Ibraeva, K. Akzholova, B. Murzubraimov, E. Ysmanov
To study and obtain scandium, we used technogenic waste (waste cake) from the Kadamzhai antimony plant. For the experiment, we took 0.05 μm enriched fine fraction of the cake. To carry out the aluminothermic reaction, we weighed 90 g of enriched cake and 10 g of aluminum powder on technical scales. To obtain scandium, we used a quartz crucible as a reactor, since the reaction in it does not pollute the obtained product, the reaction will begin at 810° C. Complete recovery of scandium occurs at 935° C, in 7-8 minutes. For the aluminothermic reaction, we used enriched cake from the Kadamzhai antimony plant.
为了研究和获取钪,我们使用了卡达姆寨锑厂的技术废料(废饼)。在实验中,我们从废饼中提取了 0.05 μm 的富集细粒。为了进行铝热反应,我们在技术天平上称量了 90 克富集滤饼和 10 克铝粉。为了获得钪,我们使用石英坩埚作为反应器,因为在坩埚中反应不会污染所获得的产品,反应将在 810 摄氏度开始。在铝热反应中,我们使用了卡达姆寨锑厂的富集滤饼。
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引用次数: 0
The Use of SDN and NFV in Modern Networks, Advantages and Disadvantages 在现代网络中使用 SDN 和 NFV 的优缺点
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/41
A. Noy, N. Limanova, V. Kozlov
This article discusses networks such as SDN and NFV, their application in modern networks, as well as their comparison, advantages and disadvantages of each of them.
本文将讨论 SDN 和 NFV 等网络、它们在现代网络中的应用,以及它们之间的比较和各自的优缺点。
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引用次数: 0
Status and Prospects for the Use of Remote Sensing Data for the Detection of Wildfires 利用遥感数据探测野火的现状和前景
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/10
D. Shaimardanov, A. Atnabaev, D. Mukhametov, L. Pavlova
The article discusses the problem of fires as a serious threat to life, economy and ecosystems, highlighting the need for early detection and suppression of fires. The potential of the combination of Earth remote sensing and neural networks for rapid and accurate detection of natural fires is studied. The significance of applying artificial intelligence, the development of deep learning methods for neural network models, to analyze space images and detect early signs of fires is emphasized. The article also provides examples of successful projects and research in the field of wildfire detection. The final part of the paper emphasizes the need for further research and development of neural network training methods, expansion of training datasets and improvement of space imagery acquisition technologies for effective control and prevention of fires, in order to protect the environment and minimize damage to people.
文章讨论了火灾问题对生命、经济和生态系统的严重威胁,强调了及早发现和扑灭火灾的必要性。文章研究了地球遥感与神经网络相结合,快速准确地探测自然火灾的潜力。文章强调了应用人工智能、开发神经网络模型的深度学习方法来分析空间图像和探测火灾早期迹象的重要意义。文章还列举了野火探测领域的成功项目和研究实例。文章的最后部分强调了进一步研究和开发神经网络训练方法、扩大训练数据集和改进空间图像采集技术的必要性,以有效控制和预防火灾,从而保护环境和最大限度地减少对人类的伤害。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in Some Photosynthesis Indicators Under Different Donor-Acceptor Relations of Wheat Under the Influence of Drought 干旱影响下不同供体-受体关系下小麦一些光合作用指标的变化
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/13
F. Ahmadova, S. Abdulbagiyeva, G. Mirzoyeva
The results of studies of changes in some parameters of photosynthesis - the formation of leaf surface and the area of ​​other assimilating organs, the accumulation of dry above-ground biomass, chlorophyll content in the ontogenesis of wheat genotypes at different donor-acceptor relationships are presented. In the studied varieties, the dynamics of leaf surface area and the amount of increase in dry biomass during ontogenesis depend not only on the developmental phase and genotypic characteristics of the plants, but also on the state of donor-acceptor relationships in the whole plant system, as well as on the influence of drought. In all studied varieties, when half the ear was removed under both conditions, an increase in the area and dry biomass of stems and leaves was observed. With a decrease in the attracting ability of the ear, it needs significantly less leaf photosynthesis products and the remainder of the assimilates is spent on increasing the area of ​​the leaves themselves. At the same time, changes in donor-acceptor relationships affect the chlorophyll content in leaves. In all cases, the removal of leaves of the 7th tier leads to an increase in the chlorophyll content in the leaves of the 8th tier and vice versa. When half of the ear is removed, the chlorophyll content of both leaves of the 7th and 8th tiers decreases significantly.
本文介绍了在不同供体-受体关系下小麦基因型的生长发育过程中光合作用某些参数变化的研究结果--这些参数包括叶面积和其他同化器官面积的形成、地上干生物量的积累、叶绿素含量。在所研究的品种中,叶表面积的动态变化和干生物量的增加不仅取决于植物的发育阶段和基因型特征,还取决于整个植物系统中供体-受体关系的状态以及干旱的影响。在所有研究的品种中,当在两种条件下都摘掉一半果穗时,茎和叶的面积和干生物量都会增加。由于果穗的吸引能力下降,它所需的叶片光合作用产物显著减少,而剩余的同化物则用于增加叶片本身的面积。同时,供体与受体关系的变化也会影响叶片中的叶绿素含量。在所有情况下,摘除第 7 层叶片会导致第 8 层叶片的叶绿素含量增加,反之亦然。当摘除一半果穗时,第 7 层和第 8 层叶片的叶绿素含量都会显著下降。
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引用次数: 0
Flood Monitoring Based on Remote Sensing of the Earth 基于地球遥感的洪水监测
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/11
L. Pavlova, D. Shaimardanov, A. Atnabaev, D. Mukhametov
The article deals with the problem of flooding of settlements due to floods, which causes economic damage and poses a threat to human life. Attention is paid to methods of early detection of water level rise to minimize the consequences. Modern remote sensing technologies, which complement traditional hydrological observation methods, present new opportunities for observation and forecasting of flood situations. Examples of remote sensing data and statistical data illustrate the effectiveness of modern technologies. The conclusion emphasizes the need for further improvement of flood detection technologies to enhance the effectiveness of flood risk management and ensure the safety of the population and economy of the regions.
文章论述了洪水导致居民点被淹的问题,洪水造成了经济损失并对人类生命构成威胁。文章关注水位上升的早期探测方法,以尽量减少后果。现代遥感技术是传统水文观测方法的补充,为观测和预报洪水情况提供了新的机会。遥感数据和统计数据的例子说明了现代技术的有效性。结论强调,需要进一步改进洪水探测技术,以提高洪水风险管理的有效性,确保人口和地区经济的安全。
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引用次数: 0
Children’s Health Protection Issues in the Kyrgyz Republic 吉尔吉斯共和国的儿童健康保护问题
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/21
S. Sulaimanov, Zh. Muratova, A. Sulaimanova
A review of the current system for the health and development of children and adolescents in the Kyrgyz Republic revealed a number of key issues. There is a lack of coordination among public, private, non-governmental, and international organizations for the advancement of current condition of children and adolescents. The staff of the health care system, education, social protection and other government agencies, whose activities, one way or another, are related to working with children, need to improve their skills, taking into account the expansion of policies in the field of health protection and development of children and adolescents. There is limited use of available factual data to improve the quality of medical care, habilitation and rehabilitation, disease prevention (overweight and underweight, tuberculosis, diseases of the reproductive system, psycho-emotional disorders, etc.) violence, and trauma. Environmental risks remain high (clean water, safe environment and living conditions). There is very low participation of the civil sector in decision-making and implementation of a program in the field of health care and development of children and adolescents.
对吉尔吉斯共和国儿童和青少年健康与发展的现行制度进行审查后发现了一些关键问 题。公共组织、私人组织、非政府组织和国际组织在改善儿童和青少年现状方面缺乏协调。医疗保健系统、教育、社会保障和其他政府机构的工作人员,其活动或多或少都与儿 童工作有关,他们需要提高技能,同时考虑到儿童和青少年健康保护和发展领域政策的扩 大。在提高医疗质量、适应训练和康复、疾病预防(超重和体重不足、肺结核、生殖系统 疾病、心理情感障碍等)、暴力和创伤方面,对现有事实数据的利用十分有限。环境风险仍然很高(清洁水、安全环境和生活条件)。民间部门很少参与儿童和青少年保健与发展领域的决策和方案实施。
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引用次数: 0
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