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Fast-track Implementing Experience in the Kyrgyz Republic 吉尔吉斯共和国的快速实施经验
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/29
K. Ysmaiylov, K. Tashiev, S. Abdiraimuulu, T. Abdyldaev
Fast Track Pathways (FTP) aimed at reducing length of stay and overall costs are increasingly being implemented for emergency surgeries. The objective of this study was to evaluate the implementation of a FTP for emergency general surgery at the Osh State University Clinical Hospital (OSU CH). The study included 98 patients at OSU CH from 2020 to 2023 who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy (LA), laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), or laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair (LI). The FTP group comprised 71 patients, with data from 76 control cases assessed prior to FTP implementation. Comparisons were made between time to surgery (TTS), length of stay (LOS), and total length of stay between groups. Direct costs, reimbursements, and patient satisfaction (rated from 1 = never to 4 = always) were also evaluated. The sample comprised 60.6% females with a median age of 40 years. Case distribution varied slightly (56.2% vs 42.1% for LA, 40.4% vs 57.9% for LC, FTP vs control), yet time to surgery was similar between groups (11 hours 39 minutes vs 10 hours 2 minutes, P = 0.633). Postoperative LOS was significantly shorter in the FTP group (15 hours 17 minutes vs 29 hours 9 minutes, P < 0.001), reflecting reduced hospital stay (3 hours 11 minutes vs 20 hours 10 minutes, P < 0.001), with fewer patients requiring inpatient beds and overnight stays (P < 0.001). Direct costs were significantly reduced in the FTP group, while reimbursements were comparable (P < 0.001 and P = 0.999, respectively), and average patient satisfaction was high (3.3/4). In an era of cost reduction, resource optimization, and patient satisfaction, FTP can play a significant role in emergency hospitalization. At OSU CH, FTP significantly reduced hospital stay and bed utilization without impacting reimbursements or patient satisfaction.
快速通道(FTP)旨在缩短急诊手术的住院时间并降低总体成本,目前正越来越多地在急诊手术中实施。本研究旨在评估奥什国立大学临床医院(OSU CH)急诊普外科快速通道的实施情况。研究对象包括2020年至2023年期间在奥什国立大学临床医院接受腹腔镜阑尾切除术(LA)、腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)或腹腔镜腹股沟疝修补术(LI)的98名患者。FTP组由71名患者组成,在实施FTP前评估了76个对照病例的数据。对各组的手术时间(TTS)、住院时间(LOS)和总住院时间进行了比较。此外,还对直接成本、报销和患者满意度(从 1 = 从不到 4 = 始终)进行了评估。样本中有 60.6% 为女性,中位年龄为 40 岁。病例分布略有不同(LA 为 56.2% vs 42.1%,LC 为 40.4% vs 57.9%,FTP vs 对照组),但两组的手术时间相似(11 小时 39 分钟 vs 10 小时 2 分钟,P = 0.633)。FTP 组的术后 LOS 明显缩短(15 小时 17 分钟 vs 29 小时 9 分钟,P <0.001),反映出住院时间缩短(3 小时 11 分钟 vs 20 小时 10 分钟,P <0.001),需要住院床位和过夜的患者减少(P <0.001)。FTP 组的直接费用明显降低,而报销额度相当(分别为 P < 0.001 和 P = 0.999),患者平均满意度很高(3.3/4)。在降低成本、优化资源和提高患者满意度的时代,FTP 可在急诊住院治疗中发挥重要作用。在 OSU CH,FTP 显著减少了住院时间和病床使用率,同时不影响报销或患者满意度。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Differentiated Learning at English Language Classes to Develop Key Competencies of Students 英语课堂差异化学习对培养学生关键能力的作用
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/62
D. Sharshembieva
Discusses the role of differentiated learning in English lessons for the development of key competencies of students, namely informative, social-communicative, as well as self-awareness and problem solving. The author defines the need for diagnostics at the beginning of the lesson in order to determine the level of basic knowledge and adjust the further learning process. Differentiation is gives opportunity to each child, motivates students to learn the language, allows them to achieve the goal of the lesson and make the learning process more effective. Differentiation can be achieved through the content of learning, the process and demonstration of results. Differentiated learning can contribute to the organization of learning at the reproductive, productive and creative levels, taking into account the individual characteristics to develop key competencies of students.
论述了英语课程中的分层学习对培养学生的关键能力(即信息能力、社会交际能力以及自我意识和解决问题的能力)所起的作用。作者定义了在课程开始时进行诊断的必要性,以确定基础知识的水平并调整进一步的学习过程。差异化教学为每个孩子提供了机会,激发了学生学习语言的积极性,使他们能够实现教学目标,并使学习过程更加有效。差异化可以通过学习内容、过程和成果展示来实现。差异化学习有助于组织再现性、生产性和创造性层面的学习,同时考虑到培养学生关键能力的个人特点。
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引用次数: 0
Semantically Equivalent Representatives of the Concept “Custom/Adat” in Russian and Kyrgyz Languages 俄语和吉尔吉斯语中 "习俗/习俗 "概念的语义等同代表
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/65
E. Asanbekova, S. Abdykadyrova
This paper conducts a semantic study of the concept “custom/adat” and its representatives in the Russian and Kyrgyz languages. The conceptual content of the concept “custom/adat” is determined based on the study of relevant articles in explanatory, translated (bilingual), cultural, encyclopedic and other dictionaries. An analysis of Russian and Kyrgyz linguistic units denoting customs, rites, ceremonies and other elements of traditional practice of ethnic groups has been carried out. The study identifies the semantic dominant that organizes the functional-semantic field “custom”; in this regard, some central and peripheral nominees of the concept “custom” are identified and characterized on the basis of the lexicographic, literary, artistic, colloquial and folklore spaces of the two languages ​​being compared. The unity and differences in the linguoethnocultural ideas of native speakers of the Russian and Kyrgyz languages ​​about custom, its types and manifestations are shown, and explicit and implicit types of its nominees are identified. This work fills a small gap in the branches of linguistics that are actively developing in Kyrgyzstan — in cognitive linguistics, ethnolinguistics, linguoculturology, linguistic conceptology and the theory of intercultural communication.
本文对俄语和吉尔吉斯语中的 "习俗/adat "及其代表概念进行了语义研究。根据对解释性词典、翻译词典(双语词典)、文化词典、百科词典和其他词典中相关条款的研究,确定了 "习俗/adat "概念的内容。对俄语和吉尔吉斯语中表示习俗、仪式、典礼和其他民族传统习俗要素的语言单位进行了分析。研究确定了组织 "习俗 "功能-语义领域的语义主导;在这方面,根据所比较的两种语言的词汇、文学、艺术、口语和民俗空间,确定了 "习俗 "概念的一些中心和边缘提名人,并对其进行了定性。研究显示了俄语和吉尔吉斯语母语使用者关于习俗、习俗类型和习俗表现形式的语言民族文化观念的统一性和差异性,并确定了习俗名称的显性和隐性类型。该著作填补了吉尔吉斯斯坦正在积极发展的语言学分支--认知语言学、民族语言学、语言文化学、语言概念学和跨文化交际理论--中的一小部分空白。
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引用次数: 0
Content of Moral Choice in Social Work 社会工作中道德选择的内容
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/63
N. Bakhramzhanova
Our study examines the content of moral choice in social work. In the history of philosophical and ethical thought, one of the defining problems is the freedom of moral choice of actions and deeds that differ from social and mass behavior. A person has to constantly reflect on his actions in accordance with individual life orientations, in a situation where objective reasons offer several options, but only one should be preferred
我们的研究探讨了社会工作中道德选择的内容。在哲学和伦理思想史上,一个决定性的问题是对不同于社会和大众行为的行动和行为进行道德选择的自由。一个人必须根据个人的生活取向不断反思自己的行为,在客观原因提供多种选择的情况下,只能选择其中一种
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引用次数: 0
The State of Lipid Metabolism in Old Rats in High Altitude Conditions Against the Background of the Use of Coenzyme Q10 使用辅酶Q10背景下高海拔条件下老龄大鼠的脂质代谢状况
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/20
G. Asrankulova, Z. Makhmudova, Z. Boronova, Z. Aidarbekova, M. Taalaibekova
The problem of population aging is relevant both in Kyrgyzstan and in the global space. At the same time, the preservation of the functional capabilities of the body of elderly people living in adverse climatic conditions is of particular importance. 20-30% of the inhabitants live in the mountainous area of Kyrgyzstan at an altitude of 2000-4000 meters above sea level. It is known that in high-altitude conditions, the body is influenced by extreme factors of the highlands, which accelerate the aging process and reduce life expectancy. This article presents data from experimental studies of energy metabolism disorders in old rats and its correction of coenzyme Q10 at an altitude of 3200 m above sea level. It was found that in old rats, under conditions of short-term adaptation in the mountains, an increase in the level of total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoproteins was shown, and the level of high-density lipoproteins decreased, indicating a violation of lipid metabolism. Also, due to oxidative stress in high-altitude conditions, the level of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and catalase in the blood of animals was increased. Oral administration of coenzyme Q10 at a dose of 30 mg/kg of body weight 1 time per day for 30 days to old rats led to a decrease in total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides and an increase in high-density lipoproteins, due to the fact that coenzyme Q10 protects the plasma membrane of the cell from lipid peroxidation, preventing oxidative modifications lipids, which leads to a reduced risk of coronary heart disease, heart attack and stroke.
人口老龄化问题在吉尔吉斯斯坦和全球都具有现实意义。同时,保护生活在恶劣气候条件下的老年人的身体机能也尤为重要。吉尔吉斯斯坦有 20-30%的居民生活在海拔 2000-4000 米的山区。众所周知,在高海拔条件下,人体会受到高原极端因素的影响,从而加速衰老过程并缩短预期寿命。本文介绍了在海拔3200米处对老龄大鼠能量代谢紊乱及其辅酶Q10纠正的实验研究数据。研究发现,在山区短期适应的条件下,老龄大鼠的总胆固醇、甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白水平上升,而高密度脂蛋白水平下降,表明脂质代谢紊乱。此外,由于高海拔条件下的氧化应激,动物血液中丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶的水平升高。给老龄大鼠口服辅酶Q10,剂量为每公斤体重30毫克,每天1次,连续30天,可使总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、甘油三酯下降,高密度脂蛋白上升,这是因为辅酶Q10能保护细胞质膜免受脂质过氧化,防止脂质氧化修饰,从而降低冠心病、心脏病发作和中风的风险。
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引用次数: 0
On Some Aspects of the Procedure of Enforcement Proceedings 关于强制执行程序的某些方面
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/51
G. Тoktakunyzy, N. Niimatzhankyzy
In a rule-of-law state, the execution of a judicial act is an integral element of the constitutional right to judicial protection. Problems arising in the general procedure for enforcement proceedings are relevant in theory and legal practice. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the general procedure for enforcement proceedings. The research methods are logical, comparative legal, critical, chronological and other methods were used. The results obtained are recommended for solving problems related to the execution of a judicial act, expanding theoretical ideas regarding the general procedure for enforcement proceedings, and developing recommendations for improving practice in this direction.
在法治国家,司法行为的执行是宪法规定的司法保护权的一个组成部分。执行程序的一般程序中出现的问题在理论和法律实践中都是相关的。本研究的目的是对执行程序的一般程序进行全面分析。研究方法采用了逻辑法、比较法、批判法、时序法和其他方法。研究结果有助于解决与司法行为的执行有关的问题,拓展有关执行程序一般程序的理论思路,并为改进这方面的实践提出建议。
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引用次数: 0
Expanding the Areas of Attraction of Solutions to Singularly Perturbed Equations 扩大奇异扰动方程解的吸引区域
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/01
N. Musakulova
In this paper, a singularly perturbed equation of the first order is considered, the concept of a region of attraction (DO) of the solution of a singularly perturbed equation to the solution of an unperturbed equation is introduced, and the existence of an OA is proved. The problem has been set about the possibility of expanding the areas of attraction of VCA solutions. It has been proven that if there is a region of attraction, then it can be expanded to the boundary of the region under consideration. In the proof, geometric constructions were used, using the level line of conjugate-harmonic functions, the method of successive approximations and methods of asymptotic estimates.
本文考虑了一阶奇异扰动方程,引入了奇异扰动方程解对未扰动方程解的吸引区域(DO)概念,并证明了 OA 的存在。问题是扩大 VCA 解的吸引区域的可能性。研究证明,如果存在一个吸引区域,那么它可以扩展到所考虑区域的边界。在证明过程中,使用了共轭谐函数水平线、连续逼近法和渐近估计法等几何构造。
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引用次数: 0
Simulation Analysis of Non-concentric Squeeze Film Damper 非同心挤压薄膜阻尼器的仿真分析
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/36
Jiaqi Dong, A. Bazhanov
Squeeze film dampers are components that provide additional damping for rotating motors. In general, in order to achieve the best results of the squeeze film damper, it is necessary to appropriately increase the damping value, reduce the stiffness and set a reasonable eccentricity. In the process of designing the squeeze film damper, we can apply the rotor dynamics module of COMSOL software to model and simulate it, so as to achieve better simulation results and lay a foundation for the subsequent development and design of the product. In COMSOL software, in order to simplify the modeling of rotor components, we usually model squeeze film dampers based on the damping coefficient. The model calculates the damping coefficient for a short squeeze film damper and compares the results with the analytically calculated values. In addition, the damping coefficient depends on the position of the journal in the damper, i.e., the magnitude of the eccentricity. In this paper, by analyzing the dimensionless damping coefficient, bearing stiffness, journal displacement, and fluid load at different eccentricity, and plotting the fluid pressure distribution and the average oil film flow rate of the squeeze film damper, we can find the most suitable range of eccentricity and the damage-prone part of the damper, which can provide an important reference for the actual design of the squeeze film damper.
挤压膜阻尼器是为旋转电机提供额外阻尼的部件。一般来说,为了使挤压膜阻尼器达到最佳效果,需要适当增加阻尼值、降低刚度并设置合理的偏心率。在设计挤压膜阻尼器的过程中,我们可以应用 COMSOL 软件的转子动力学模块对其进行建模和仿真,从而达到较好的仿真效果,为后续产品的开发和设计奠定基础。在 COMSOL 软件中,为了简化转子部件的建模,我们通常根据阻尼系数对挤压膜阻尼器进行建模。该模型可计算出短挤压膜阻尼器的阻尼系数,并将计算结果与分析计算值进行比较。此外,阻尼系数还取决于阻尼器中轴颈的位置,即偏心率的大小。本文通过分析不同偏心率下的无量纲阻尼系数、轴承刚度、轴颈位移和流体载荷,并绘制挤压膜阻尼器的流体压力分布和平均油膜流速图,找出了最合适的偏心率范围和阻尼器的易损坏部位,为挤压膜阻尼器的实际设计提供了重要参考。
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引用次数: 0
Cloud Technologies as a Tool for Increasing Sales in Modern Trade Organizations. 云技术作为现代贸易组织提高销售额的工具。
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/44
P. Kukitz
In the context of increasing business digitalization and the need to adapt to the challenges of the digital economy, cloud technologies are becoming a key tool for enhancing the efficiency and competitiveness of trade organizations. This study is dedicated to analyzing the prospects and opportunities for using cloud solutions to increase sales in the trade sector. The article discusses the main models of cloud service provision, their advantages, and their impact on various tasks in the activities of trading enterprises. Special attention is given to the capabilities of cloud technologies in improving analytics, managing customer relationships, and implementing an omnichannel interaction strategy. The research concludes that the implementation of cloud solutions contributes to increased sales, cost optimization, and the formation of competitive advantages for trade organizations, setting the foundation for sustainable growth and development in the conditions of digital transformation and the increasing digital divide.
在企业日益数字化和需要适应数字经济挑战的背景下,云技术正成为提高贸易组织效率和竞争力的关键工具。本研究致力于分析使用云解决方案提高贸易部门销售额的前景和机遇。文章讨论了提供云服务的主要模式、其优势及其对贸易企业活动中各种任务的影响。文章特别关注了云技术在改进分析、管理客户关系和实施全渠道互动战略方面的能力。研究得出结论,实施云解决方案有助于提高销售额、优化成本和形成贸易组织的竞争优势,为在数字化转型和数字鸿沟日益扩大的条件下实现可持续增长和发展奠定基础。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Separate and Blended Learning on the Quality of Education in Higher Education Institutions 分离式学习和混合式学习对高等院校教育质量的影响
Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.33619/2414-2948/104/60
S. Torokulova
The article deals with the question of how much the previous school or learning experience influences the quality of higher education. School education can be carried out by different teaching methods, and each of them is characterized by its own peculiarities. Separate (gender-segregated) and blended (gender-mixed) learning are two widespread methods that shape the educational process and influence the social interaction between students. Importantly, the quality of pre-university education can have a significant impact on students' willingness to study challenging subjects at university. Students with a solid knowledge base and good academic skills often find it easier to cope with more challenging academic material in higher education. Initial successes can significantly boost students' self-confidence, which in turn has a positive effect on their motivation and overall performance at university. When students enter higher education, they are exposed to a new educational environment, are exposed to new teaching methods and develop as individuals. However, it is also important to recognize that each stage of learning presents students with its own unique challenges and opportunities that require students to be flexible and adaptable to overcome successfully.
本文论述了以往的学校或学习经历在多大程度上影响高等教育质量的问题。学校教育可以采用不同的教学方法,每种方法都有自己的特点。分班(性别隔离)学习和混合(性别混合)学习是两种普遍采用的方法,它们影响着教育过程,也影响着学生之间的社会交往。重要的是,大学预科教育的质量会对学生在大学学习具有挑战性科目的意愿产生重大影响。拥有扎实知识基础和良好学术技能的学生往往更容易应对高等教育中更具挑战性的学术材料。最初的成功能极大地增强学生的自信心,进而对他们的学习动机和在大学的整体表现产生积极影响。学生进入高等院校后,会接触到新的教育环境,接触到新的教学方法,并作为个体得到发展。然而,同样重要的是要认识到,每个学习阶段都会给学生带来独特的挑战和机遇,需要学生灵活应变,才能成功克服。
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引用次数: 0
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