Pub Date : 2025-06-11DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102545
Masato Enomoto , Shizue Ohsawa
Cancers develop through local interactions between tumor cells and neighboring cells within the tissue micro environment, while distinct organs regulate cancer progression and suppression via systemic factors. Recent studies in Drosophila have revealed systemic signaling pathways that influence tumor development. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which organ-derived molecules remotely trigger tumor growth and suppression. Additionally, we discuss how tumors dysregulate various organ systems, leading to animal mortality.
{"title":"“Cancer progression through systemic signaling viewed from Drosophila”","authors":"Masato Enomoto , Shizue Ohsawa","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancers develop through local interactions between tumor cells and neighboring cells within the tissue micro environment, while distinct organs regulate cancer progression and suppression via systemic factors. Recent studies in <em>Drosophila</em> have revealed systemic signaling pathways that influence tumor development. This review summarizes the mechanisms by which organ-derived molecules remotely trigger tumor growth and suppression. Additionally, we discuss how tumors dysregulate various organ systems, leading to animal mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102545"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144254365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-10DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102546
Qian-yi Zhang , Sohum Mehta , Jin Zhang
Cells routinely orchestrate the activities of diverse biochemical pathways to sustain cellular function and proliferation, as exemplified by their ability to faithfully convert extracellular signals into specific intracellular responses. The dynamic nature of intracellular signaling calls for appropriate tools to capture these complex molecular events. Recent advances in genetically encoded biosensor engineering are revolutionizing our ability to dissect the molecular mechanisms regulating signaling activities with unprecedented resolution. Here, we present a timely update on novel biosensor designs and highlight recent applications where biosensor imaging yielded breakthrough insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics of GPCR signaling and cell cycle regulation.
{"title":"Recent advances in spying on cell signaling with fluorescent biosensors","authors":"Qian-yi Zhang , Sohum Mehta , Jin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cells routinely orchestrate the activities of diverse biochemical pathways to sustain cellular function and proliferation, as exemplified by their ability to faithfully convert extracellular signals into specific intracellular responses. The dynamic nature of intracellular signaling calls for appropriate tools to capture these complex molecular events. Recent advances in genetically encoded biosensor engineering are revolutionizing our ability to dissect the molecular mechanisms regulating signaling activities with unprecedented resolution. Here, we present a timely update on novel biosensor designs and highlight recent applications where biosensor imaging yielded breakthrough insights into the spatiotemporal dynamics of GPCR signaling and cell cycle regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102546"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-07DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102547
Ayano Oi , Fumiaki Obata
Maintaining amino acid (AA) homeostasis is necessary for organisms. To achieve this, organisms have evolved various signalling pathways regulated by sensing general or specific AA levels. Recently, advances in genetic and dietary manipulation have shed light upon how these AA signalling pathways regulate organismal physiology, metabolism, behaviour, and lifespan. However, elucidating the detailed mechanisms by which each AA is sensed and influences an animal's life is challenging. In some model organisms such as Drosophila melanogaster, chemically defined diet has been developed to manipulate single nutrients, which enables us to study the organismal response to dietary restriction of particular AAs. In this review, we aim to discuss the latest findings on animals' responses to dietary AAs, with a focus on recent studies in Drosophila.
{"title":"Nutrient sensing and signalling of specific amino acids: Insights from Drosophila study","authors":"Ayano Oi , Fumiaki Obata","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maintaining amino acid (AA) homeostasis is necessary for organisms. To achieve this, organisms have evolved various signalling pathways regulated by sensing general or specific AA levels. Recently, advances in genetic and dietary manipulation have shed light upon how these AA signalling pathways regulate organismal physiology, metabolism, behaviour, and lifespan. However, elucidating the detailed mechanisms by which each AA is sensed and influences an animal's life is challenging. In some model organisms such as <em>Drosophila melanogaster</em>, chemically defined diet has been developed to manipulate single nutrients, which enables us to study the organismal response to dietary restriction of particular AAs. In this review, we aim to discuss the latest findings on animals' responses to dietary AAs, with a focus on recent studies in <em>Drosophila</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102547"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-03DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102544
Han Bit Baek , Swathi Arur
The RAS/ERK signaling pathway is a critical regulator of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and survival, core mechanisms that drive development. Dysregulation of RAS/ERK signaling is implicated in developmental disorders, including RASopathies, as well as in various cancers. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a crucial orchestrator of both meiotic and mitotic cell cycle and plays an equally important role in development. Notably, abnormal ERK signaling can produce phenotypes that closely resemble those caused by PLK1 deficiency, suggesting a functional intersection between these pathways. In this review, we explore the emerging links between RAS/ERK and PLK1 signaling during development and highlight the broad range of biological processes potentially governed by their interaction.
{"title":"RAS/ERK signaling and PLK1: Coordinating developmental regulation and disease mechanisms","authors":"Han Bit Baek , Swathi Arur","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The RAS/ERK signaling pathway is a critical regulator of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and survival, core mechanisms that drive development. Dysregulation of RAS/ERK signaling is implicated in developmental disorders, including RASopathies, as well as in various cancers. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a crucial orchestrator of both meiotic and mitotic cell cycle and plays an equally important role in development. Notably, abnormal ERK signaling can produce phenotypes that closely resemble those caused by PLK1 deficiency, suggesting a functional intersection between these pathways. In this review, we explore the emerging links between RAS/ERK and PLK1 signaling during development and highlight the broad range of biological processes potentially governed by their interaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102544"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-02DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102543
Rene Gonzalez , Danny Reinberg
The Notch signaling pathway is essential for cell fate decisions and maintaining epigenetic memory during nervous system development. It regulates neural stem cell maintenance, neuronal–glial differentiation, and neural circuit formation. Notch activation, through ligand–receptor interactions, releases the Notch intracellular domain, which modulates gene expression in the nucleus. This context-dependent regulation allows Notch to balance proliferation and differentiation, integrating with other pathways and epigenetic regulators to preserve neural stem cell identity and respond to environmental cues. Notch signaling dysfunction is linked to various neurological disorders, highlighting its critical role in nervous system development and homeostasis. This review explores the multifaceted functions of Notch signaling, emphasizing its impact on cell fate and epigenetic memory in early neurogenesis and the adult brain.
{"title":"The Notch pathway: A guardian of cell fate during neurogenesis","authors":"Rene Gonzalez , Danny Reinberg","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Notch signaling pathway is essential for cell fate decisions and maintaining epigenetic memory during nervous system development. It regulates neural stem cell maintenance, neuronal–glial differentiation, and neural circuit formation. Notch activation, through ligand–receptor interactions, releases the Notch intracellular domain, which modulates gene expression in the nucleus. This context-dependent regulation allows Notch to balance proliferation and differentiation, integrating with other pathways and epigenetic regulators to preserve neural stem cell identity and respond to environmental cues. Notch signaling dysfunction is linked to various neurological disorders, highlighting its critical role in nervous system development and homeostasis. This review explores the multifaceted functions of Notch signaling, emphasizing its impact on cell fate and epigenetic memory in early neurogenesis and the adult brain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102543"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-29DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102534
Shamphavi Sivabalasarma , Marleen van Wolferen , Sonja-Verena Albers , Arthur Charles-Orszag
The archaeal S-layer represents one of the most ancient and versatile cell surface structures, playing critical roles in maintaining cellular integrity, mediating environmental interactions, and enabling cellular flexibility. Recent advances in structural biology, including cryo-electron microscopy and computational tools like AlphaFold, have unveiled the structural intricacies and diversity of these proteinaceous layers. This review highlights the biogenesis, structural assembly, evolutionary adaptations, and functional roles of archaeal S-layers, focusing on model organisms such as Sulfolobus acidocaldarius and Haloferax volcanii. Additionally, we discuss outstanding questions and future directions for the study of archaeal cell envelopes.
{"title":"Biogenesis, function and evolution of the archaeal S-layer","authors":"Shamphavi Sivabalasarma , Marleen van Wolferen , Sonja-Verena Albers , Arthur Charles-Orszag","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The archaeal S-layer represents one of the most ancient and versatile cell surface structures, playing critical roles in maintaining cellular integrity, mediating environmental interactions, and enabling cellular flexibility. Recent advances in structural biology, including cryo-electron microscopy and computational tools like AlphaFold, have unveiled the structural intricacies and diversity of these proteinaceous layers. This review highlights the biogenesis, structural assembly, evolutionary adaptations, and functional roles of archaeal S-layers, focusing on model organisms such as <em>Sulfolobus acidocaldarius</em> and <em>Haloferax volcanii</em>. Additionally, we discuss outstanding questions and future directions for the study of archaeal cell envelopes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102534"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-28DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102535
Jason C. Casler, Laura L. Lackner
The continuous remodeling of the mitochondrial network through fusion, fission, transport, and turnover events, collectively known as mitochondrial dynamics, is essential for the maintenance of mitochondrial metabolic and genomic health. While the primary molecular machines that mediate these processes were discovered decades ago, the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics clearly involves additional factors. A major breakthrough came from the discovery that sites of close apposition between organelles, known as membrane contact sites (MCSs), serve as critical regulators of organelle function. MCSs between mitochondria and the ER are now universally recognized as important regulatory hubs of mitochondrial dynamics. Despite this, there are still many unknowns pertaining to the mechanisms by which MCSs influence mitochondrial dynamics. In this review, we describe recent progress identifying novel protein and lipid components that regulate mitochondrial dynamics and emphasize clear gaps in our understanding of how mitochondrial dynamics are coordinated at MCSs. Finally, we conclude by discussing progress towards defining the highly biomedically relevant, but enigmatic, role of mitochondrial dynamics in the preservation of mitochondrial DNA integrity.
{"title":"The power of connections: Recent advances in understanding the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics by membrane contact sites","authors":"Jason C. Casler, Laura L. Lackner","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102535","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The continuous remodeling of the mitochondrial network through fusion, fission, transport, and turnover events, collectively known as mitochondrial dynamics, is essential for the maintenance of mitochondrial metabolic and genomic health. While the primary molecular machines that mediate these processes were discovered decades ago, the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics clearly involves additional factors. A major breakthrough came from the discovery that sites of close apposition between organelles, known as membrane contact sites (MCSs), serve as critical regulators of organelle function. MCSs between mitochondria and the ER are now universally recognized as important regulatory hubs of mitochondrial dynamics. Despite this, there are still many unknowns pertaining to the mechanisms by which MCSs influence mitochondrial dynamics. In this review, we describe recent progress identifying novel protein and lipid components that regulate mitochondrial dynamics and emphasize clear gaps in our understanding of how mitochondrial dynamics are coordinated at MCSs. Finally, we conclude by discussing progress towards defining the highly biomedically relevant, but enigmatic, role of mitochondrial dynamics in the preservation of mitochondrial DNA integrity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102535"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-28DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102537
Marco Milán
Chromosomal instability (CIN), an increased rate of changes in chromosome structure and number, has been classically associated with human disease as a way of evolving the cancer genome. In recent years, three additional research lines concerning the impact of CIN on human disease have been consolidated. First, beyond the generation of genomic copy number heterogeneity, CIN acts as a source of tumor growth, metastasis, and malignancy through additional mechanisms. Second, CIN is pervasive in early human development, and the resulting aneuploid cells are selectively removed from the fetus to give rise to healthy births. Third, CIN is associated with mosaic variegated aneuploidy, a rare familial disease that compromises brain development and contributes to tumor formation. Here, I will review recent advances in these three topics, with a particular focus on the use of model systems and organisms to understand the increasing impact of CIN on human biology and disease.
{"title":"Chromosomal instability in development and disease: Beyond cancer evolution","authors":"Marco Milán","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chromosomal instability (CIN), an increased rate of changes in chromosome structure and number, has been classically associated with human disease as a way of evolving the cancer genome. In recent years, three additional research lines concerning the impact of CIN on human disease have been consolidated. First, beyond the generation of genomic copy number heterogeneity, CIN acts as a source of tumor growth, metastasis, and malignancy through additional mechanisms. Second, CIN is pervasive in early human development, and the resulting aneuploid cells are selectively removed from the fetus to give rise to healthy births. Third, CIN is associated with mosaic variegated aneuploidy, a rare familial disease that compromises brain development and contributes to tumor formation. Here, I will review recent advances in these three topics, with a particular focus on the use of model systems and organisms to understand the increasing impact of CIN on human biology and disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102537"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144168797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-28DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102532
Robert G. Parton, Lois S. Weisman
{"title":"Editorial Overview - Membrane traffic; orchestrating the symphony of life","authors":"Robert G. Parton, Lois S. Weisman","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102532","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102532"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-27DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102542
Torcato Martins , Yuu Kimata
Mitotic signalling mediated by cell cycle regulators (CCRs) is pivotal for coordinating cell division and fate specification across metazoans. CCRs, including cyclin-dependent kinases and ubiquitin ligases, use post-translational modifications for rapid, dynamic regulation of the cell cycle, ensuring its unidirectionality and integration with fate determination. This review explores recent findings that further elucidate CCRs’ noncanonical functions, particularly in progenitor cells. Advancements in quantitative in vivo imaging, precise genome editing, and single-cell omics have provided unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution into the mechanisms through which CCRs regulate asymmetric cell division, epigenetic regulation, and cell cycle variations. The evolution of CCRs underscores their crucial role in integrating cellular and developmental signals in multicellular organisms, with implications for disease and therapeutic strategies.
{"title":"Mitotic signalling in progenitor cells: Integrating cell division with cell specification","authors":"Torcato Martins , Yuu Kimata","doi":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitotic signalling mediated by cell cycle regulators (CCRs) is pivotal for coordinating cell division and fate specification across metazoans. CCRs, including cyclin-dependent kinases and ubiquitin ligases, use post-translational modifications for rapid, dynamic regulation of the cell cycle, ensuring its unidirectionality and integration with fate determination. This review explores recent findings that further elucidate CCRs’ noncanonical functions, particularly in progenitor cells. Advancements in quantitative <em>in vivo</em> imaging, precise genome editing, and single-cell omics have provided unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution into the mechanisms through which CCRs regulate asymmetric cell division, epigenetic regulation, and cell cycle variations. The evolution of CCRs underscores their crucial role in integrating cellular and developmental signals in multicellular organisms, with implications for disease and therapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50608,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Cell Biology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 102542"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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