Computers & Structures最新文献_第4页

Efficient optimization of clutched inerter dampers using mixed Lagrangian formalism 采用混合拉格朗日形式的离合器式阻尼器的有效优化

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108121

Yixuan Zhang , Oren Lavan , Christian Málaga-Chuquitaype

Clutched Inerter Dampers integrate inerters with one-way clutches and dampers, enabling the inerters to disengage from the host structure and dissipate energy, suppressing undesirable energy feedback and avoiding the direct alteration of the structural period, making clutched inerter dampers particularly attractive for vibration mitigation and energy harvesting applications. However, the nonlinearity and discontinuity introduced by clutch engagement-disengagement mechanisms pose significant challenges for their accurate numerical modelling and optimization-based design. Existing optimization approaches for such systems are predominantly based on simplified or linearised numerical models, or on exhaustive parameter scanning, which either fail to capture the true nonlinear behaviour or become impractical for realistic design spaces.

We present an adjoint-based, gradient-driven optimization framework for structures equipped with clutched inerter dampers in which the Mixed Lagrangian Formalism is employed as the time-integration scheme. Within the proposed framework, the nonlinear behaviour of clutched inerter dampers is fully captured, while computational efficiency and numerical robustness are achieved through the Mixed Lagrangian Formalism, which reduces the cost of individual response-history analyses and enhances stability in the presence of non-smooth dynamics. In addition, adjoint-based sensitivity analysis significantly decreases the number of simulations required during the optimization process. The framework enables efficient optimization of design parameters as demonstrated through a series of representative case studies. Our results show that, despite strong nonlinearity and discontinuous system responses, analytical gradients can be consistently derived, leading to substantial reductions in computational cost and improved optimization efficiency.

While the actual performance may be influenced by the characteristics of the design landscape and the choice of initial conditions, the proposed framework provides a robust and extensible basis for further methodological developments. It can be readily extended in future work to accommodate alternative optimization strategies or enhanced formulations.

离合器式减振器将减振器与单向离合器和减振器集成在一起，使减振器能够脱离主机结构并消散能量，抑制不希望的能量反馈，避免结构周期的直接改变，使离合器式减振器在减振和能量收集应用中特别有吸引力。然而，离合器接合-分离机构所带来的非线性和不连续给其精确的数值建模和优化设计带来了重大挑战。现有的优化方法主要是基于简化或线性化的数值模型，或穷举参数扫描，这些方法要么无法捕获真正的非线性行为，要么对现实的设计空间不切实际。我们提出了一种基于伴随的梯度驱动优化框架，该框架采用混合拉格朗日形式作为时间积分方案。在提出的框架内，离合器干涉阻尼器的非线性行为被完全捕获，同时通过混合拉格朗日形式实现计算效率和数值鲁棒性，从而减少了个体响应历史分析的成本，并提高了存在非光滑动力学时的稳定性。此外，基于伴随的灵敏度分析显著减少了优化过程中所需的模拟次数。通过一系列具有代表性的案例研究，该框架能够有效地优化设计参数。我们的研究结果表明，尽管有很强的非线性和不连续的系统响应，分析梯度可以一致地推导出来，从而大大降低了计算成本，提高了优化效率。虽然实际性能可能受到设计景观特征和初始条件选择的影响，但拟议的框架为进一步的方法发展提供了坚实和可扩展的基础。它可以很容易地扩展在未来的工作，以适应替代的优化策略或增强的配方。

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引用次数: 0

Homogenization-based modelling of self-contact and fluid-structure interaction in the microstructure of poroelastic materials 孔隙弹性材料微观结构中自接触和流固相互作用的均质化建模

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108089

Eduard Rohan, Jan Heczko

The paper presents two-scale homogenization-based models of fluid-saturated porous elastic materials with self-contact interaction at the pore level. The periodic microstructures are constituted by a solid skeleton and fluid-filled pores. The unilateral frictionless contact interaction is considered on matching pore surfaces of the elastic skeleton, being coupled with the fluid-structure interaction. The periodic unfolding homogenization is employed to derive limit models for two types of periodic microstructures with disconnected and connected porosities. While in the first case the homogenized model is quite analogous to the one with void pores, in the latter case, the Stokes flow in deforming (possibly collapsible) porosity requires special treatment by a regularization to retain the pore connectivity. The macroscopic model attains the form of a nonlinear Biot continuum, whereby the Darcy flow model governs the fluid redistribution. To respect the dependence of the permeability on the deformation, an approximation based on the shape sensitivity analysis is proposed which enables to avoid resolving the microflow problems in severely deformed pores. Numerical examples of 2D deforming structures are presented to illustrate the influence of the pore fluid on the unilateral contact in the two types of porous structures.

本文提出了具有自接触相互作用的饱和流体多孔弹性材料的双尺度均匀化模型。周期性微观结构由固体骨架和充满流体的孔隙组成。考虑弹性骨架匹配孔表面上的单边无摩擦接触相互作用，并与流固耦合相互作用。采用周期展开均匀化方法，推导了两类孔隙不连通和不连通的周期微观结构的极限模型。在第一种情况下，均匀化模型非常类似于具有孔隙的模型，在后一种情况下，变形（可能是可折叠）孔隙中的Stokes流需要通过正则化处理来保持孔隙连通性。宏观模型达到非线性Biot连续体的形式，其中Darcy流模型控制流体的再分配。考虑到渗透率对变形的依赖性，提出了一种基于形状敏感性分析的近似方法，避免了严重变形孔隙中微流问题的求解。给出了二维变形结构的数值算例，说明了孔隙流体对两种多孔结构中单侧接触的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Modelling interface damage in masonry structures under cyclic loading conditions with cohesive fracture and regularized friction 循环加载条件下含黏聚破坏和正则化摩擦砌体结构界面损伤的模拟

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108116

G. Cera , J.G. Rots , A.T. Slobbe , F. Messali

An existing interface material model for quasi-brittle fracture, originally developed within the Discrete Element Method framework, is implemented and enhanced for use in implicit Finite Element analyses of unreinforced masonry structures. The model captures mixed-mode fracture in tension-shear and combines cohesion with Coulomb friction in compression-shear. To address convergence issues arising when loading–unloading takes place, due to a discontinuity in the traction–separation relation, a regularization of the frictional contribution is proposed. A new model parameter is introduced and a calibration procedure to ensure numerical robustness and objectivity is presented. Furthermore, the consistent tangent stiffness matrix is derived to improve convergence in full-scale simulations. The improved model is applied within a simplified micromodelling approach to simulate the in-plane cyclic response of 2D masonry structures, including a shear wall and a spandrel subjected to a combination of horizontal and vertical actions. The results demonstrate that the model accurately reproduces key aspects of masonry behaviour, including stiffness degradation, energy dissipation, and crack patterns, while maintaining robustness and efficiency in complex cyclic loading scenarios.

现有的准脆性断裂界面材料模型，最初是在离散单元法框架内开发的，被实现并增强用于非加筋砌体结构的隐式有限元分析。该模型采用拉剪混合断裂模式，压缩剪切结合黏聚力和库仑摩擦。为了解决加载-卸载发生时由于牵引-分离关系的不连续而引起的收敛问题，提出了摩擦贡献的正则化方法。为了保证数值的鲁棒性和客观性，引入了一个新的模型参数，并给出了一个校正过程。此外，为了提高全尺寸仿真的收敛性，导出了一致的切线刚度矩阵。将改进的模型应用于简化的微建模方法中，以模拟二维砌体结构（包括剪力墙和拱肩）在水平和垂直共同作用下的面内循环响应。结果表明，该模型准确地再现了砌体行为的关键方面，包括刚度退化、能量耗散和裂缝模式，同时在复杂的循环加载场景下保持鲁棒性和效率。

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引用次数: 0

Stochastic homogenized kinematic limit analysis for three quasi-periodic masonry bond patterns under in-plane loading via probability density evolution method 基于概率密度演化方法的面内加载下三种准周期砌体粘结模式随机均匀化运动极限分析

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108118

Xin Chen, Gabriele Milani, Yiwei Hua

This paper presents an efficient method for stochastic homogenized kinematic limit analysis of three quasi-periodic masonry bond patterns subjected to in-plane loading. The proposed methodology involves two key points. Firstly, simplified 2D rigid-plastic homogenization models for three bond patterns are proposed. The kinematic limit analysis problem, incorporating proposed homogenization models, is then formulated and solved by linear programming to obtain deterministic failure surfaces. Secondly, the block heights and lengths of representative element of volume are treated as random variables, and the probability density evolution method is employed to obtain the probability information (such as means and probability density functions) of failure surfaces. Three numerical examples are investigated. The results show that the proposed method can accurately derive the probabilistic information of failure surfaces and achieving a computational cost that is ten times lower than Monte Carlo simulation.

本文提出了三种准周期砌体粘结模式在面内荷载作用下的随机均质运动极限分析方法。拟议的方法涉及两个关键点。首先，提出了三种粘结模式的二维刚塑性均质化简化模型。将提出的均质化模型纳入运动极限分析问题，并通过线性规划求解得到确定性失效面。其次，将体积代表元素的块高度和长度作为随机变量，采用概率密度演化方法获得失效面的概率信息（如均值和概率密度函数）；研究了三个数值算例。结果表明，该方法能准确地推导出失效面的概率信息，计算量比蒙特卡罗模拟降低了10倍。

引用次数: 0

High-quality quad-dominant mesh generation aided by the virtual topological model generated after automatic suppression of small geometric features 利用自动抑制小几何特征后生成的虚拟拓扑模型辅助高质量的四主导网格生成

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108107

Haidong Wang , Feiqi Wang , Siqi Yin , She Li , Guidong Wang , Liming Wang , Xiangyang Cui

Generating high-quality quad-dominant mesh on complex geometric models remains a significant challenge in finite element pre-processing. Manually simplifying the small features of a geometric model increases the time cost for engineers. In this work, a series of automatic model edge suppression algorithms are proposed for geometric models. By utilizing the minimum allowed edge length and minimum allowed angle, these algorithms can automatically suppress geometric features such as short model edges, sharp tips, and narrow surfaces that may severely degrade mesh quality during meshing. A diffusion algorithm for geometric surfaces is employed to search for the sub-surfaces connected by the suppressed edge. Using virtual topological technology, these sub-surfaces are clustered to construct a virtual topological surface, which simplifies the model without altering its underlying topology. The virtual topological surface is globally parameterized via discrete harmonic mapping to ensure bidirectional mapping between the clustered surface and the parametric surface. Subsequently, an improved Q-Morph methodology was implemented for quad-dominant hybrid mesh generation on virtual topological surfaces, demonstrating effective preservation of mesh-boundary alignment characteristics.

在复杂几何模型上生成高质量的四主导网格是有限元预处理中的一个重要挑战。手工简化几何模型的小特征增加了工程师的时间成本。本文针对几何模型，提出了一系列自动模型边缘抑制算法。通过利用最小允许边缘长度和最小允许角度，这些算法可以自动抑制网格划分过程中可能严重降低网格质量的几何特征，如模型边缘短、尖端锋利和表面狭窄。采用几何曲面的扩散算法搜索由抑制边连接的子曲面。利用虚拟拓扑技术，将这些子曲面聚类构成虚拟拓扑曲面，在不改变底层拓扑的情况下简化了模型。通过离散谐波映射对虚拟拓扑曲面进行全局参数化，保证了聚类曲面与参数曲面之间的双向映射。随后，将改进的Q-Morph方法应用于虚拟拓扑表面的四主导混合网格生成，有效地保留了网格边界对齐特性。

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引用次数: 0

Unstructured diffusion generative design of metamaterials for irregular design domains 不规则设计域超材料的非结构扩散生成设计

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108111

Haoyu Wang , Zongliang Du , Yue Mei , Xiudong Li , Shan Tang

Data-driven generative design methods have emerged as a powerful paradigm for material and structural design. However, most existing approaches are limited to regular design domains and depend on structured meshes as design variables, which restrict their applicability in more complex scenarios. To overcome these constraints, this study introduces a novel unstructured generative design framework capable of handling irregular design domains. A centroidal Voronoi tessellation-based polygonal mesh is employed to discretize the irregular design space, improving geometric adaptability, enhancing mesh isotropy and uniformity, and eliminating the single-node connectivity issues commonly encountered in triangular meshes. To address the challenges of processing unstructured data arising from unstructured meshes, a Diffusion Transformer-based network is adopted to efficiently learn the reverse process of the diffusion model and to capture the conditional probabilistic distribution under specified mechanical constraints. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can rapidly generate metamaterials that meet the target properties, while also producing designs that differ significantly from those in the training dataset, thereby showcasing its creativity. This approach overcomes the limitations of existing generative design methods in handling irregular design domains, accelerates the design process, and advances the application of data-driven generative design in real-world engineering.

数据驱动的生成设计方法已经成为材料和结构设计的强大范例。然而，大多数现有的方法都局限于规则的设计领域，并且依赖于结构化网格作为设计变量，这限制了它们在更复杂场景中的适用性。为了克服这些限制，本研究引入了一种能够处理不规则设计域的新型非结构化生成设计框架。采用基于质心Voronoi曲面的多边形网格对不规则设计空间进行离散化，提高几何适应性，增强网格各向同性和均匀性，消除三角形网格中常见的单节点连通性问题。为了解决非结构化网格对非结构化数据处理的挑战，采用扩散变压器网络有效学习扩散模型的逆向过程，并捕获特定力学约束下的条件概率分布。结果表明，该方法可以快速生成满足目标属性的超材料，同时还可以生成与训练数据集中设计显著不同的设计，从而展示了其创造力。该方法克服了现有生成设计方法在处理不规则设计域方面的局限性，加快了设计过程，促进了数据驱动生成设计在实际工程中的应用。

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引用次数: 0

Explicit topology optimization of multi-material multi-scale structures with embedded piezoelectric active buckling control 基于嵌入式压电主动屈曲控制的多材料多尺度结构显式拓扑优化

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108115

Weisheng Zhang , Xiaoye Yan , Xiaoyu Zhuang , Chunli Zhang

This study proposes an explicit topology optimization method based on Moving Morphable Components (MMC) to enhance structural stability. This method employs piezoelectric actuation to actively enhance the anti-buckling capacity of multi-material and multi-scale piezoelectric active structures. A force-electric decoupled analysis model is adopted to analyze the buckling characteristics induced by mechanical loading under specific electrical conditions. The objective function aims to maximize the critical buckling load factor (BLF) of piezoelectric active structures. The design variables in the simultaneous optimization include the distribution of the macro/micro-piezoelectric materials and elastic materials. By optimizing the material distribution, the strain generated by electrically stimulated piezoelectric materials can suppress buckling instability actively in response to sudden extreme loads. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

为了提高结构的稳定性，提出了一种基于移动可变形构件的显式拓扑优化方法。该方法利用压电驱动主动增强多材料、多尺度压电主动结构的抗屈曲能力。采用力电解耦分析模型，分析了特定电条件下机械载荷引起的屈曲特性。目标函数旨在使压电主动结构的临界屈曲载荷因子（BLF）最大化。同时优化的设计变量包括宏/微压电材料和弹性材料的分布。通过优化材料分布，电刺激压电材料产生的应变能够有效抑制突发极端载荷下的屈曲失稳。数值算例验证了该方法的有效性。

引用次数: 0

A new concept for initialization of single-step time integration algorithms: Eliminating pesky high-frequency overshooting behavior 单步时间积分算法初始化的新概念：消除讨厌的高频超调行为

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108137

Yazhou Wang , Dean Maxam , Kumar Tamma , Nikolaus Adams , Tao Xue

In this paper, we propose a new concept of a modified initialization for three-value single-step time integration algorithms in structural dynamics problems. High-frequency spurious modes have long been recognized as a primary cause of undesirable overshooting in numerical time integration. This undesired overshooting behavior has attracted sustained research interest over the past several decades, particularly in the context of linear multi-step and equivalent single-step methods, with the aim of mitigating such adverse effects. Unfortunately, these deleterious aspects have been an issue for the research community at large. We present a novel and simple methodology to completely circumvent and resolve the issue of overshooting that can be straightforwardly implemented in research and commercial software. The primary contribution is a modified initialization procedure that is necessary and completely eliminates overshooting under arbitrary conditions, and preserves the global second-order time accuracy. The theoretical framework and design principles are demonstrated under the umbrella of the Generalized Single-Step Single-Solve computational framework for second-order time-dependent problems (GS4-II), which encompasses several new and improved designs and includes subsets such as HHT-

α

, TPO/G-

α

, WBZ, etc. We introduce a novel conceptual framework and a straightforward implementation architecture for the new concept of modified initialization data with clear mathematical and physical interpretations, which fully eliminates overshooting in these schemes for all application scenarios. Numerical analyses and various illustrative examples confirm that the proposed approach completely eliminates overshooting across a broad spectrum of three-value single-step methods and preserves second-order time accuracy, marking a significant advance in single-step time integration algorithms.

针对结构动力学问题中的三值单步时间积分算法，提出了一种改进初始化的新概念。在数值时间积分中，高频杂散模式一直被认为是造成超调的主要原因。在过去的几十年里，这种不受欢迎的超调行为引起了持续的研究兴趣，特别是在线性多步骤和等效单步骤方法的背景下，目的是减轻这种不利影响。不幸的是，这些有害的方面一直是整个研究界的一个问题。我们提出了一种新颖而简单的方法来完全规避和解决超调问题，可以直接在研究和商业软件中实现。主要贡献是修改了初始化过程，这是必要的，并且完全消除了任意条件下的超调，并保留了全局二阶时间精度。在二阶时间相关问题的广义单步单解计算框架（GS4-II）的框架下展示了理论框架和设计原则，该框架包含了几个新的和改进的设计，包括HHT-α， TPO/G-α， WBZ等子集。我们为修改初始化数据的新概念引入了一个新颖的概念框架和一个简单的实现架构，具有清晰的数学和物理解释，完全消除了这些方案在所有应用场景中的过调。数值分析和各种示例证实，该方法完全消除了三值单步方法的过调，并保持了二阶时间精度，标志着单步时间积分算法的重大进步。

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引用次数: 0

The isogeometric boundary element algorithm for solving the plane strain problem of an elastic matrix containing an open material surface of arbitrary shape 求解含有任意形状开放材料表面的弹性矩阵平面应变问题的等几何边界元算法

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108124

Rohit Satish Patil , Zhilin Han , Sofia G. Mogilevskaya

The paper presents the Isogeometric Boundary Element Method (IGABEM) for solving the plane strain problem of an isotropic linearly elastic matrix containing an open material surface of arbitrary shape. Theoretical developments are based on the use of the Gurtin-Murdoch model of material surfaces. The governing equations and the boundary conditions for the problem are reviewed, and analytical integral representations for the elastic fields everywhere in the material system are presented in terms of unknown traction jumps across the surface. To find the jumps, the problem is reduced to a system of singular boundary integral equations in terms of two unknown scalar components of the surface stress tensor. The system is solved numerically using the developed IGABEM algorithm in which Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines functions are used to approximate the unknowns. The main steps of the algorithm are discussed and convergence studies are performed. Two benchmark problems involving the matrix subjected to a uniform far-field load and containing a surface along (i) a straight segment and (ii) a circular arc are used for validation. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the influence of governing parameters with a focus on the influence of curvature variation.

本文提出了求解含有任意形状开放材料表面的各向同性线弹性矩阵平面应变问题的等几何边界元法。理论发展是基于材料表面的Gurtin-Murdoch模型的使用。回顾了该问题的控制方程和边界条件，并给出了材料系统中各处的弹性场在未知表面上的牵引力跳跃的解析积分表示。为了找到跳跃点，将问题简化为一个奇异边界积分方程组，该方程组包含两个未知的表面应力张量的标量分量。采用IGABEM算法对系统进行数值求解，该算法采用非均匀有理b样条函数近似未知量。讨论了该算法的主要步骤，并进行了收敛性研究。两个基准问题涉及到受均匀远场载荷的矩阵，并包含沿(i)直线段和（ii）圆弧的表面，用于验证。数值算例说明了控制参数的影响，重点讨论了曲率变化的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Non-stationary random vibration analysis of a three-dimensional train-bridge system using spectral decomposition-based explicit time-domain method 基于谱分解的三维列车-桥梁系统非平稳随机振动显式时域分析

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108091

Helu Yu , Xinyu Luo , Hong Zhang , Jianting Zhou , Bin Wang , Yongle Li

By introducing the spectral decomposition-based explicit time-domain method, this paper presents an innovative computational framework for analyzing the non-stationary random vibration problem in a three-dimensional train-bridge system involving multi-variate random track irregularities. First, the time-dependent train-bridge model is formulated by coupling the train and bridge dynamics via a spatial wheel-rail interaction model. Next, the random track irregularities are decomposed through the spectral representation technique, enabling their time-domain discrete characterization in terms of three orthogonal random vectors. Then, an explicit mapping between the system responses and the orthogonal random vectors is constructed by integrating the precise integration method with a finite difference approach, leading to a recursive formulation that facilitates efficient computation of the response coefficient matrices. The obtained explicit response formulation allows straightforward computation of time–frequency response statistics of the train-bridge system, eliminating the need for repetitive time-domain simulations or extensive numerical integrations commonly associated with conventional non-stationary random vibration techniques. Lastly, the pseudo-excitation method and Monte Carlo simulation are adopted to verify the applicability of the proposed method, a comprehensive parametric investigation is also conducted to examine the individual contributions from different track irregularity components on the stochastic dynamic behavior of the train-bridge system.

通过引入基于谱分解的显式时域方法，提出了一种新颖的计算框架，用于分析包含多变量随机轨道不规则性的三维列车-桥梁系统的非平稳随机振动问题。首先，通过空间轮轨相互作用模型将列车和桥梁的动力耦合，建立时变列车-桥梁模型。接下来，通过频谱表示技术对随机航迹不规则性进行分解，使其在三个正交随机向量的时域离散表征成为可能。然后，通过将精确积分法与有限差分法相结合，建立了系统响应与正交随机向量的显式映射关系，得到了响应系数矩阵的递推表达式，方便了响应系数矩阵的高效计算。所获得的显式响应公式可以直接计算火车-桥梁系统的时频响应统计，从而消除了重复的时域模拟或与传统非平稳随机振动技术相关的大量数值积分的需要。最后，采用拟激励法和蒙特卡罗仿真验证了所提方法的适用性，并进行了全面的参数化研究，考察了不同轨道不平顺度分量对列车-桥梁系统随机动力行为的个别贡献。

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引用次数: 0