Computers & Structures最新文献_第6页

A micromechanics-based computational framework for predicting the elastic modulus and compressive strength of normal and high-performance concrete 一个基于微力学的计算框架，用于预测普通和高性能混凝土的弹性模量和抗压强度

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108055

Hoang-Quan Nguyen , Gia-Khuyen Le , Tinh Quoc Bui , Thi-Loan Bui , Bao-Viet Tran

This study presents a computational framework that integrates micromechanics, a phase-field damage model, and genetic programming-based symbolic regression to predict the elastic modulus and compressive strength of both normal and high-strength concrete. The micromechanical formulations are developed using an extended generalized self-consistent scheme, incorporating a quasi-elasto-plastic brittle behavior governed by a von Mises yield criterion. A simplified phase-field damage model is proposed, introducing a compressive phase-field variable along with an analytical approximation that links fracture energy to the macroscopic behavior of concrete. The proposed framework is validated through strong agreement among numerical simulations, experimental observations, and theoretical predictions, supporting the development of a robust theoretical database for elastic modulus, compressive strength, and associated material properties. Based on this dataset, an efficient computational strategy is developed and examined to generate simple and practical symbolic regression expressions within the Genetic Programming-based framework to derive predictive equations for elastic modulus as a function of compressive strength and aggregate characteristics. These equations are validated against established standards and experimental data, confirming their accuracy and practical relevance for structural design applications.

本研究提出了一个计算框架，集成了微观力学、相场损伤模型和基于遗传规划的符号回归，以预测普通和高强混凝土的弹性模量和抗压强度。微力学公式是使用扩展的广义自洽方案开发的，结合了由von Mises屈服准则控制的准弹塑性脆性行为。提出了一种简化的相场损伤模型，引入了压缩相场变量以及将断裂能与混凝土宏观行为联系起来的解析近似。通过数值模拟、实验观察和理论预测之间的强烈一致性，验证了所提出的框架，支持弹性模量、抗压强度和相关材料特性的强大理论数据库的发展。基于此数据集，开发并检查了一种有效的计算策略，以在基于遗传规划的框架内生成简单实用的符号回归表达式，以导出弹性模量作为抗压强度和聚合特性的函数的预测方程。这些方程是根据既定的标准和实验数据进行验证的，证实了它们的准确性和结构设计应用的实际相关性。

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引用次数: 0

Designer preference-driven topology optimization using a human-in-the-loop neural network 设计者偏好驱动的拓扑优化使用人在环神经网络

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108070

Boxu Tian , Wenliang Qian , Yefei Yang

Topology optimization is a powerful computational methodology for generating high-performance structures. However, ignoring aesthetics limits the practical application. User interaction helps address this limitation, but current methods lack generality, needing separate design and sensitivity analyses for each interaction form. To overcome this challenge, we propose a Designer Preference-Driven Neural Topology Optimization (DPDNTO) method, which utilizes a unified interaction parameter to formulate a unified, mask-based loss function to control geometric features and material distribution. In addition, feature sizes are flexibly controlled by adjusting the number of neurons in the DPDNTO method. By utilizing the backpropagation mechanism of neural networks, the proposed method efficiently updates design variables and automatically balances these multi-objective tasks through a dynamic parameter strategy. To provide further intuitive visual feedback, a multimodal large model is employed to render optimized structures into conceptual visualization images. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed method not only enhances the aesthetic quality of the final designs but also improves structural stress performance and linear buckling resistance. These findings establish DPDNTO as a versatile and computationally efficient paradigm, bridging the critical gap between algorithmic optimization and preference-driven aesthetics and paving the way for advancements in fields such as architecture, industrial design, and advanced manufacturing.

拓扑优化是生成高性能结构的一种强大的计算方法。然而，忽视美学限制了实际应用。用户交互有助于解决这一限制，但目前的方法缺乏通用性，需要对每个交互形式进行单独的设计和敏感性分析。为了克服这一挑战，我们提出了一种设计师偏好驱动的神经拓扑优化（DPDNTO）方法，该方法利用统一的交互参数来制定统一的、基于掩模的损失函数来控制几何特征和材料分布。此外，DPDNTO方法通过调整神经元数量灵活地控制特征大小。该方法利用神经网络的反向传播机制，通过动态参数策略，有效地更新设计变量，实现多目标任务的自动平衡。为了进一步提供直观的视觉反馈，采用多模态大模型将优化后的结构渲染成概念可视化图像。数值实验表明，该方法不仅提高了最终设计的美观性，而且改善了结构的应力性能和抗线性屈曲性能。这些发现确立了DPDNTO作为一种通用且计算效率高的范式，弥合了算法优化和偏好驱动美学之间的关键差距，并为建筑、工业设计和先进制造等领域的进步铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Phase-field model of hydraulic fracturing based on the unified strength theory 基于统一强度理论的水力压裂相场模型

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108106

Dingyu Li , Wei He , Xiang Ao , Peidong Li

In this study, a phase-field model for hydraulic fracturing is developed, wherein the unified strength theory formulated by Maohong Yu is incorporated into the phase-field model framework to establish a novel phase-field driving energy, thereby enhancing the accuracy of mixed-mode fracture prediction. Comprehensive governing equations describing the mechanical, damage, and fluid transport fields are mathematically derived, alongside detailed finite element discretization schemes for the coupled multi-field variables. To validate the proposed model, multiple two-dimensional and three-dimensional numerical examples are conducted, demonstrating its robustness, precision, and the ability to simulate intricate hydraulic fracturing processes in rocks subjected to various loading conditions. Comparative analyses reveal an excellent agreement between the numerical results and the Khristianovic-Geertsma-de Klerk analytical model, as well as experimental data from true triaxial hydraulic fracturing tests. The results demonstrate that the proposed model effectively captures the processes of crack nucleation, propagation, and deflection. Consequently, this model stands as a robust computational tool for analyzing complex fracture mechanisms in hydraulic fracturing engineering.

本研究建立了水力压裂相场模型，将于茂宏的统一强度理论纳入相场模型框架，建立了新的相场驱动能量，提高了混合模式裂缝预测的精度。描述力学、损伤和流体输运场的综合控制方程在数学上推导，以及耦合多场变量的详细有限元离散方案。为了验证所提出的模型，进行了多个二维和三维数值算例，验证了该模型的鲁棒性、精度以及模拟各种加载条件下岩石中复杂水力压裂过程的能力。对比分析表明，数值结果与Khristianovic-Geertsma-de Klerk分析模型以及真三轴水力压裂试验数据吻合良好。结果表明，该模型有效地反映了裂纹的形核、扩展和挠曲过程。因此，该模型是分析水力压裂工程中复杂破裂机理的可靠计算工具。

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引用次数: 0

A generalized direct inverse mass matrix for the method of finite spheres in transient explicit wave propagation analysis 瞬态显式波传播分析中有限球法的广义直接反质量矩阵

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108099

Insu Jeong, Minchul Yu, Gunwoo Noh

The direct inverse mass matrix (DI) approach can substantially reduce computational costs by eliminating the need to invert the global mass matrix in explicit time integration schemes. However, in the method of finite spheres (MFS), where multiple degrees of freedom are associated with a single node, an appropriate mass modification is required for the successful application of the DI. In this study, we propose a generalized formulation for such mass modification and determine its optimal parameters using a metaheuristic optimization algorithm. The accuracy and computational efficiency of the proposed approach are examined through benchmark problems, demonstrating its effectiveness and performance advantages.

直接逆质量矩阵（DI）方法消除了在显式时间积分方案中对全局质量矩阵进行逆求的需要，大大降低了计算成本。然而，在有限球法（MFS）中，多个自由度与单个节点相关联，为了成功应用DI，需要适当的质量修改。在本研究中，我们提出了这种大规模修正的广义公式，并使用元启发式优化算法确定其最优参数。通过基准问题验证了该方法的准确性和计算效率，证明了其有效性和性能优势。

引用次数: 0

An experimental assessment of ground-borne vibration impact of tramcars 有轨电车地面振动冲击试验研究

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108069

L. Faccini, F. Castellini, E. Di Gialleonardo, S. Alfi, S. Bionda, R. Corradi

Ground-borne vibrations from rail transit systems present challenges in urban areas due to their effects on structures and human comfort. This study introduces a falling mass impact setup to estimate the transmissibility between the track and a receiver in the surrounding area. This enables the calculation of the Line Source Transfer Mobility (LSTM), required by the U.S. Federal Transit Administration (FTA) to assess ground-borne vibrations from rail vehicles. The falling mass method offers higher energy input and better repeatability than traditional impact hammers, making it suitable for evaluating soil and building transmissibility even at long distances. Transfer mobilities obtained with this method are validated against hammer-based measurements. Vibration levels produced by a modern tramcar running at 10, 30, and 50 km/h are measured at various distances and normalised using the corresponding LSTM, in line with the FTA Detailed Assessment Method. Force Density Levels (FDLs) are calculated for each speed, with the highest values at 50 km/h. A strong consistency of FDLs across distances confirms the method’s robustness. This integrated experimental approach offers a reliable framework for characterising vibration sources and supports the assessment of vehicles and infrastructure planning in areas sensitive to vibration.

轨道交通系统的地面振动对城市结构和人体舒适度的影响给城市带来了挑战。本研究引入了一个落体碰撞装置来估计轨道与周围区域接收器之间的传递率。这使得计算线源转移移动性（LSTM）成为可能，这是美国联邦运输管理局（FTA）评估轨道车辆地面振动的要求。与传统的冲击锤相比，下落质量法提供了更高的能量输入和更好的重复性，使其适用于评估土壤和建筑的长距离传递性。用该方法获得的传递迁移率与基于锤的测量结果进行了验证。以每小时10公里、30公里和50公里的速度行驶的现代有轨电车所产生的振动水平，在不同的距离上进行测量，并根据自由贸易协定详细评估方法，使用相应的LSTM进行归一化。力密度水平（fdl）计算为每一个速度，最高的值在50公里/小时。fdl跨距离的强一致性证实了该方法的鲁棒性。这种综合实验方法为表征振动源提供了可靠的框架，并支持对振动敏感地区的车辆和基础设施规划进行评估。

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引用次数: 0

Efficient reliability-based design optimization of dynamic linear systems subjected to filtered white-noise inputs 滤波白噪声输入下动态线性系统的高效可靠性优化设计

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108047

Nir Itzhak Ben-Israel , Michalis Fragiadakis , Oren Lavan

This paper presents a reliability-based design optimization methodology for dynamic linear structural systems, subjected to filtered white-noise excitations. A novel double-loop approach is proposed, where both inner and outer optimization problems are efficiently solved using gradient-based algorithms, combining a specifically-tailored adjoint method for the sensitivity analyses, while the reliability analyses are carried out using the first-order-reliability-method (FORM). Key to the proposed approach is that the mean-square of the responses of interest is efficiently evaluated via the Lyapunov equations, which leads to faster and more efficient reliability-based designs. The application of the methodology is demonstrated in three examples in which control systems are optimized. First, a serviceability limit-state function is considered for a footbridge subjected to crowd load excitation. The footbridge vibrations are controlled by viscous dampers and tuned-mass dampers. Second, a limit-state function is considered for a bending moment frame, undergoing a seismic event. The interstorey drifts of the frame are controlled one time by viscous dampers and another time by tuned-mass-dampers. Third, a large benchmark frame is optimized. Verification of the probability of failure achieved via the first-order-reliability-method is performed using Monte Carlo simulations (MCS), showing good agreement between the two methods. A clear resemblance is shown between optimal design achieved via zero-order method, although with significantly reduced computational cost.

本文提出了一种基于可靠性的动态线性结构系统的优化设计方法。提出了一种新的双环方法，利用基于梯度的算法有效地解决内外优化问题，结合专门定制的伴随方法进行灵敏度分析，而可靠性分析则使用一阶可靠性方法（FORM）进行。该方法的关键是通过李雅普诺夫方程有效地评估感兴趣的响应的均方，从而实现更快，更有效的基于可靠性的设计。通过三个优化控制系统的实例说明了该方法的应用。首先，考虑了人群荷载作用下人行桥的可用性极限状态函数。人行桥的振动由粘性阻尼器和调谐质量阻尼器控制。其次，考虑了受地震作用的弯矩框架的极限状态函数。框架的层间漂移分别由粘性阻尼器和调谐质量阻尼器控制。第三，对大型基准框架进行优化。利用蒙特卡罗模拟（MCS）验证了一阶可靠度法获得的失效概率，结果表明两种方法具有较好的一致性。通过零阶方法实现的优化设计有明显的相似之处，尽管大大降低了计算成本。

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引用次数: 0

Analytical model of variable cross-section flexible wings based on improved mode shape functions 基于改进模态振型函数的变截面柔性机翼解析模型

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2026.108110

Yi-Cheng Sun , Yong Jiang , Chun-Yan Ling , Min Wang , Shun-Qi Zhang

As a typical variable-section structure, the flexible wing has attracted considerable attention in the aerospace field due to its advantages in load-bearing capacity, stiffness distribution and mass optimization. However, the variation in geometric and physical properties along the structural length significantly increases the complexity of dynamic modeling, consequently leading to pronounced changes in the mode shapes. To address this challenge, the paper establishes linear dynamic equations of flexible wings based on the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory and Lagrange’s principle. Building on this foundation, a dimensionless variable transformation is applied to normalize the geometric and physical parameters in the governing equations, thereby simplifying the coupling among different variables. Subsequently, a special function expansion method is employed to formalize the mode shapes as a linear combination of Bessel and Meijer-G functions, ensuring the satisfaction of boundary conditions and effectively capturing the influence of cross-sectional variations on modal characteristics. On this basis, an improved mode shape function for variable cross-section cantilever beams is developed. This method enables rapid determination of natural frequencies and mode shape functions without iterative procedures or approximate truncation, significantly improving computational efficiency while maintaining high accuracy, thus making it well-suited for efficient dynamic analysis of complex structures. The results indicate that the natural frequencies and mode shape curves obtained by this method are in good agreement with the ANSYS results, the existing literature, and the experimental tests, thereby verifying the rationality and effectiveness of the proposed method.

柔性翼作为一种典型的变截面结构，因其在承载能力、刚度分布和质量优化等方面的优势而受到航空航天领域的广泛关注。然而，几何和物理性质沿结构长度的变化显著增加了动态建模的复杂性，从而导致模态振型的显著变化。为了解决这一问题，本文基于欧拉-伯努利梁理论和拉格朗日原理建立了柔性机翼的线性动力学方程。在此基础上，采用无量纲变量变换对控制方程中的几何参数和物理参数进行归一化处理，简化了不同变量之间的耦合。随后，采用特殊的函数展开方法将模态振型形式化为Bessel函数和Meijer-G函数的线性组合，既保证了边界条件的满足，又有效捕捉了截面变化对模态特性的影响。在此基础上，提出了变截面悬臂梁的改进模态振型函数。该方法可以快速确定固有频率和模态振型函数，无需迭代过程或近似截断，在保持高精度的同时显着提高了计算效率，因此非常适合复杂结构的高效动力分析。结果表明，该方法得到的固有频率和模态振型曲线与ANSYS计算结果、已有文献和实验测试结果吻合较好，验证了所提方法的合理性和有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of friction-adhesion-buckling interactions in shell-like elastic structures via an isogeometric point-to-segment contact formulation 基于等几何点段接触公式的类壳弹性结构摩擦-粘着-屈曲相互作用分析

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108092

Chunfa Wang , Libang Hu , Yudong Li , Hengxiao Lu , Yan Li , Han Hu , Zhiqiang Feng

Shell-like elastic structures—such as hemispherical shells and semi-cylinders—exhibit heightened susceptibility to buckling instability under axial compressive loading, a phenomenon particularly critical in confined assemblies, stacked components, or adhesive-bonded structures. In such practical engineering scenarios, frictional contact and adhesion interactions with adjacent objects emerge as pivotal factors influencing buckling behavior. These interfacial forces, stemming from localized contact pressures, confinement effects, or adhesive bonding, induce a complex coupling between contact mechanics and buckling phenomena, thereby fundamentally altering the structural response under compressive stress. To analyze these effects, we present a computational framework that integrates a point-to-segment (PTS) contact formulation and an exponential cohesive zone model for adhesion. This unified framework enables the simultaneous simulation of friction, adhesion, and buckling, including large deformations and sliding. Implemented on an in-house isogeometric analysis platform, the framework is rigorously validated against theoretical, experimental, and numerical benchmarks. Numerical experiments demonstrate its robustness under challenging conditions, revealing key bidirectional couplings: (1) friction and adhesion suppress buckling by resisting compressive stresses within the shell-like structures, thereby increasing the critical buckling load; (2) buckling-induced geometric nonlinearities dynamically alter contact areas and pressure distributions, which in turn modulate interfacial friction and adhesion strengths.

类壳弹性结构（如半球形壳和半圆柱体）在轴向压缩载荷下表现出更高的屈曲不稳定性，这种现象在受限组件、堆叠组件或粘合结构中尤为重要。在此类实际工程场景中，与相邻物体的摩擦接触和粘附相互作用成为影响屈曲行为的关键因素。这些由局部接触压力、约束效应或粘接引起的界面力诱导了接触力学和屈曲现象之间的复杂耦合，从而从根本上改变了压应力下的结构响应。为了分析这些影响，我们提出了一个计算框架，该框架集成了一个点对段（PTS）接触公式和一个指数黏附区模型。这个统一的框架可以同时模拟摩擦、粘附和屈曲，包括大变形和滑动。该框架在内部等几何分析平台上实现，经过理论、实验和数值基准的严格验证。数值实验证明了其在挑战性条件下的鲁棒性，揭示了关键的双向耦合：(1)摩擦和粘附通过抵抗类壳结构内部的压应力来抑制屈曲，从而增加了临界屈曲载荷；(2)屈曲引起的几何非线性动态改变了接触面积和压力分布，从而调节了界面摩擦和粘附强度。

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引用次数: 0

A priori mesh error calculation method considering different constitutive models in impact and explosion simulations 一种考虑不同本构模型的冲击爆炸模拟先验网格误差计算方法

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108081

Boyang Zhu , Xin Bao , Gang Li , Qiushi Yan , Jingbo Liu , Shiwei Wang

The determination of optimal mesh size constitutes a critical factor in the numerical simulation of wave propagation, particularly under high-frequency excitations such as blast or impact loadings. In such contexts, mesh dimension significantly influences both the accuracy and efficiency of computations. Existing meshing strategies predominantly rely on numerical mesh independence analysis, which necessitates extensive computations to identify the requisite mesh size, resulting in diminished computational efficiency and limited generality. This study presents a novel theoretical approach for quantifying meshing-induced errors considering different constitutive models, founded upon wave field propagation theory and frequency-domain analysis. This approach enables the a priori estimation of appropriate mesh size along with its associated frequency truncation error through theoretical formulas, thereby obviating the need for exhaustive mesh sensitive studies and reducing computational expenditure. Furthermore, this study examines the impacts of input waveforms characteristics, geometric attenuation and material nonlinearity upon mesh-induced errors, providing theoretical explanations for empirical findings from previous studies. Numerical simulations of traditional engineering materials demonstrate the accuracy and engineering applicability of the proposed error estimation method. And by combining the proposed error estimation method with mesh refinement techniques, an adaptive meshing strategy that adheres to the error threshold is proposed. This research provides a more universal, efficient, and precise foundation for mesh generation in explosion simulations, potentially driving the advancement of highly refined and computationally efficient numerical modeling techniques.

确定最佳网格尺寸是波传播数值模拟中的一个关键因素，特别是在爆炸或冲击载荷等高频激励下。在这种情况下，网格尺寸对计算的精度和效率都有很大的影响。现有的网格划分策略主要依赖于数值网格无关分析，这需要大量的计算来确定所需的网格尺寸，从而降低了计算效率，限制了通用性。基于波场传播理论和频域分析，提出了一种考虑不同本构模型的网格误差量化的新理论方法。该方法能够通过理论公式先验估计合适的网格尺寸及其相关的频率截断误差，从而避免了详尽的网格敏感研究的需要，减少了计算开销。此外，本研究还考察了输入波形特性、几何衰减和材料非线性对网格误差的影响，为以往的实证研究结果提供了理论解释。对传统工程材料的数值模拟验证了误差估计方法的准确性和工程适用性。并将误差估计方法与网格细化技术相结合，提出了一种坚持误差阈值的自适应网格划分策略。该研究为爆炸模拟中的网格生成提供了一个更加通用、高效和精确的基础，有可能推动高度精细和计算效率高的数值模拟技术的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Automated design optimization of bowstring tied-arch concrete bridges 弓弦系拱混凝土桥梁自动化设计优化

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108068

Alberto M.B. Martins , Luís M.C. Simões , João H.J.O. Negrão

This article presents an optimization-based approach to assist in the design of bowstring tied-arch concrete bridges. This approach comprises an automated procedure to define initial designs and a gradient-based algorithm, from which local optimum solutions are obtained, and the least-cost solution is selected as the optimum design. The finite element method is used for the three-dimensional analysis considering several load cases, geometrical nonlinearities and time-dependent effects. The design is posed as a cost minimization subject to constraints on the displacements and stresses defined according to the Eurocodes provisions. A constraint aggregation approach is adopted to solve the problem by minimizing a convex scalar function. The discrete direct method for sensitivity analysis provides the algorithm with the structural response to changes in the design variables. The design variables are the arch and deck cross-sectional sizes, the hangers and tendons cross-sectional areas and prestressing forces, the geometry of the arch, the hangers’ layout and the number of hangers’ anchoring points in the deck. The optimization of a 120 m single-span bridge illustrates the features and applicability of the proposed approach. Optimum solution with Nielsen layout, deck slenderness of 1/150 and arch rise-to-span ratio of 1/5.

本文提出了一种基于优化的方法来辅助弓弦系拱桥的设计。该方法包括一个自动定义初始设计的过程和一个基于梯度的算法，从中获得局部最优解，并选择代价最小的解作为最优设计。考虑多种载荷情况、几何非线性和时变效应，采用有限元法进行三维分析。根据欧洲规范的规定，在位移和应力的限制下，设计提出了成本最小化的要求。采用约束聚合的方法，通过最小化凸标量函数来求解该问题。灵敏度分析的离散直接法为算法提供了结构对设计变量变化的响应。设计变量为拱和甲板的截面尺寸、吊杆和筋的截面面积和预应力、拱的几何形状、吊杆的布置以及吊杆在甲板上锚固点的数量。以一座120m单跨桥梁为例，说明了该方法的特点和适用性。最优方案为尼尔森布局，甲板长细为1/150，拱高跨比为1/5。

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引用次数: 0