Computers & Structures最新文献_第6页

A generalized nonlocal–gradient elasticity and neural network framework for multiscale analysis of functionally graded nanoplates 功能梯度纳米片多尺度分析的广义非局部梯度弹性和神经网络框架

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108056

Pham Van Vinh

A generalized nonlocal–gradient elasticity theory is developed for the multiscale modeling of functionally graded nanoplates resting on Pasternak elastic foundations. The formulation unifies nonlocal stress and strain gradient effects into a consistent higher-order continuum model, enabling accurate capture of size-dependent behavior in nanoscale structures. Governing equations are derived using higher-order shear deformation theory and Hamilton’s principle and solved analytically via the Navier method. To enhance computational efficiency and enable rapid parametric studies, an artificial neural network surrogate model is developed and trained on high-fidelity datasets generated from the analytical solutions. This hybridization of advanced continuum theory with machine learning provides a fast yet reliable tool for design-oriented studies, which is rarely addressed in previous works. The integrated framework is applied to investigate static bending and free vibration responses under various geometric, material, and foundation parameters, including nonlocal and material length scales. The results validate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach, establishing new benchmark solutions for multiscale nanostructures and demonstrating its potential for extension to more complex configurations and future applications in micro- and nano-devices. The work therefore contributes a generalized, versatile, and efficient methodology for multiscale structural analysis of functionally graded nanostructures.

针对基于帕斯捷尔纳克弹性地基的功能梯度纳米板的多尺度模型，提出了一种广义的非局部梯度弹性理论。该公式将非局部应力和应变梯度效应统一为一致的高阶连续体模型，从而能够准确捕获纳米级结构中与尺寸相关的行为。利用高阶剪切变形理论和Hamilton原理推导了控制方程，并采用Navier方法解析求解。为了提高计算效率和实现快速参数化研究，开发了人工神经网络代理模型，并在分析解生成的高保真数据集上进行了训练。这种先进的连续统理论与机器学习的结合为面向设计的研究提供了一种快速而可靠的工具，这在以前的作品中很少得到解决。应用集成框架研究各种几何、材料和基础参数（包括非局部和材料长度尺度）下的静态弯曲和自由振动响应。结果验证了该方法的准确性和效率，为多尺度纳米结构建立了新的基准解决方案，并展示了其扩展到更复杂配置和未来在微纳米器件中的应用潜力。因此，这项工作为功能梯度纳米结构的多尺度结构分析提供了一种通用的、通用的和有效的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental and numerical investigation of tramcar curve squeal under varying wheel-rail contact conditions 不同轮轨接触条件下有轨电车曲线噪声的实验与数值研究

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108040

Federico Castellini , Leonardo Faccini , Stefano Alfi , Egidio Di Gialleonardo , Roberto Corradi , Giacomo Squicciarini , David Thompson

The variability of curve squeal generated by a modern articulated tramcar is investigated through noise and vibration measurements at two sites and numerical simulations. Accelerometers on the leading wheels of the second car show that different vibration modes intermittently dominate the wheel vibration during curving, with squeal also detected on the outer wheel. To study low-adhesion conditions, the track is artificially wetted. A reduction of nearly 15 dBA in Single Event Levels is obtained after water application, but the effect disappeared after a few passes. A numerical procedure supports the experiments, combining vehicle dynamics simulations with a frequency-domain wheel-rail interaction model. Predicted squeal frequencies agree with those measured. Variability in contact parameters is considered by simulating numerous variants per scenario. Squeal occurs in over 90% of cases on the front inner and rear outer wheels, and in fewer than 3% on the outer front wheel. Simulations with varying friction coefficients are aligned with experimental findings in dry and wet conditions, suggesting that water-based friction modifiers can significantly reduce squeal. A parametric study on curve radius confirms the leading inner wheel as most critical, while also showing multiple squealing wheels, including those under flange contact.

通过两站噪声和振动测量及数值模拟，研究了现代铰接式有轨电车曲线噪声的变异性。第二辆车前轮上的加速度计显示，不同的振动模式间歇性地主导着弯道时车轮的振动，外轮也检测到尖叫。为了研究低附着条件，人工湿润了履带。在单事件电平中，加水后可以降低近15 dBA，但经过几次后效果就消失了。将车辆动力学模拟与频域轮轨相互作用模型相结合，建立了数值模拟程序。预测的尖叫频率与测量的频率一致。通过模拟每个场景的许多变量来考虑接触参数的可变性。尖叫发生在90%以上的情况下，前内轮和后外轮，在不到3%的情况下，外前轮。不同摩擦系数的模拟结果与干湿条件下的实验结果一致，表明水基摩擦改进剂可以显著降低尖叫。曲线半径的参数化研究证实了前内轮是最关键的，同时也显示了多个尖叫轮，包括那些在法兰接触下的车轮。

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引用次数: 0

Towards improving the self-updated four-node finite element 改进自更新四节点有限元

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108014

Seunghwan Park , Jaeho Jung , Phill-Seung Lee

Recently, the self-updated finite element proposed by Jung et al. (2022) was developed to improve the solution accuracy of the four-node solid finite element using an iterative solution procedure. The stiffness matrices of the self-updated finite element are iteratively updated using optimal bending modes through the iterative procedure to minimize shear locking. Excellent performance of the self-updated finite element was shown in various numerical examples, even with coarse and highly distorted meshes. However, a critical issue was subsequently observed: the numerical accuracy deteriorated under some combined loading conditions, which originated from the iterative solution procedure. To overcome this issue, a new iterative solution procedure is proposed using a load decomposition strategy, in which the external load is decomposed into bending-induced and the remaining parts. The new self-updated finite element passes the patch and zero-energy mode tests. The improved performance of the new self-updated finite element is demonstrated through several numerical examples.

最近，Jung等人（2022）提出了自更新有限元，利用迭代求解过程提高了四节点实体有限元的求解精度。采用最优弯曲模态，通过迭代过程对自更新有限元的刚度矩阵进行迭代更新，使剪切锁紧最小化。各种数值算例显示了自更新有限元的优异性能，即使是在粗糙和高度扭曲的网格中。然而，随后发现了一个关键问题：在某些组合载荷条件下，数值精度下降，这源于迭代求解过程。为了克服这一问题，提出了一种采用载荷分解策略的迭代求解方法，该方法将外载荷分解为弯曲诱导部分和剩余部分。新的自更新有限元通过补丁和零能量模式测试。通过数值算例验证了自更新有限元的改进性能。

引用次数: 0

Real-time global internal force estimation in cable-strut structures during tensioning using learning-based compressive sensing 基于学习压缩感知的索杆张拉过程实时全局内力估计

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108050

Guan-Sen Dong , Yu Xue , Zhenhan Hu , Yaozhi Luo , Xian Xu

The tensioning process is critical for establishing the designed form and prestress in cable-strut structures. While real-time knowledge of global internal forces is important for evaluation and control, this is hindered by the limited number of sensors used in practice. Estimating global forces from limited sensor readings is a complex nonlinear underdetermined problem due to force redistribution during tensioning. This paper proposes a novel method for real-time global internal force estimation by formulating the challenge within a learning-based compressive sensing framework. A lightweight neural network is used as a fast and differentiable surrogate for the nonlinear structural behavior. By minimizing the discrepancy between the surrogate’s predictions and sensor measurements, the method rapidly solves for unknown tensioning parameters and reconstructs the entire internal force field. The approach is validated through numerical simulations of a spoke-wheel cable truss and a Geiger cable dome. The results confirm the high efficiency (sub-second estimation), accuracy, and robustness of the method. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first approach for real-time global force estimation during the tensioning of cable-strut structures. It offers a low-cost, flexible, and automated tool to enhance safety, guide construction, and verify design compliance of cable-strut structures on-site.

张拉过程是确定索杆结构设计形式和预应力的关键。虽然全球内力的实时知识对评估和控制很重要，但在实践中使用的传感器数量有限阻碍了这一点。从有限的传感器读数估计全局力是一个复杂的非线性欠定问题，由于张力过程中的力重新分布。在基于学习的压缩感知框架中，提出了一种实时全局内力估计的新方法。采用一种轻量级神经网络作为非线性结构行为的快速可微分代理。通过最小化代理预测与传感器测量之间的差异，该方法可以快速求解未知的张力参数并重建整个内力场。通过辐轮索桁架和盖革索穹顶的数值仿真验证了该方法的有效性。结果表明，该方法具有高效率（亚秒估计）、准确性和鲁棒性。据作者所知，这是索杆结构张拉过程中实时全局力估计的第一种方法。它提供了一种低成本、灵活和自动化的工具，以提高安全性，指导施工，并验证现场索杆结构的设计合规性。

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引用次数: 0

Study on the nonlinear effects of rail cracks based on non-collinear mixing ultrasound 基于非共线混合超声的钢轨裂纹非线性效应研究

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108045

Zhiqiang Xue , Meng Hu , Siyi Chen , Yude Xu , Shaozheng Li

Conventional ultrasonic testing shows limited sensitivity to rail microcracks. Accordingly, a non-collinear mixing ultrasonic numerical model based on FEM-SEM coupling and nonlinear acoustics is proposed for high-sensitivity detection of rail microcracks. The results indicate that the intensity of the mixing components generated by crack contact nonlinearity increases monotonically with crack size. The amplitude ratio of the first and last echoes and the −6 dB wave-packet width can be used for qualitative identification of crack presence, while the proportions of high- and low-frequency energy and the nonlinear parameter enable quantitative characterization of crack size. The proportion of high-frequency energy at or above 2.0 MHz increases from 0.21 % to 38.63 %, while the proportion of low-frequency energy at or below 0.25 MHz increases from 0.01 % to 10.63 %. The bispectrum exhibits pronounced sum-frequency and second-harmonic peaks. As crack length increases from 1 mm to 8 mm, the nonlinear parameter increases by 95 % in simulations and by 102 % in experiments, and the nonlinear ultrasonic factor increases by 43 % and by 46 % respectively. The strong agreement between numerical and experimental results verifies the accuracy of the model and the feasibility of applying non-collinear mixing ultrasonics for the quantitative detection of rail microcracks.

常规超声检测对钢轨微裂纹的灵敏度有限。基于此，提出了一种基于FEM-SEM耦合和非线性声学的非共线混合超声数值模型，用于钢轨微裂纹的高灵敏度检测。结果表明：裂纹接触非线性产生的混合分量强度随裂纹尺寸的增大而单调增加；首末回波振幅比和- 6 dB波包宽度可用于裂纹存在的定性识别，高低频能量比和非线性参数可用于裂纹大小的定量表征。2.0 MHz及以上的高频能量占比从0.21%增加到38.63%，0.25 MHz及以下的低频能量占比从0.01%增加到10.63%。双谱表现出明显的和频峰和二次谐波峰。当裂纹长度从1 mm增加到8 mm时，非线性参数在模拟中增加95%，在实验中增加102%，非线性超声因子分别增加43%和46%。数值结果与实验结果吻合较好，验证了模型的准确性和应用非共线混合超声定量检测钢轨微裂纹的可行性。

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引用次数: 0

The overlapping spectral element method 重叠谱元法

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108049

Pooya Zakian , Klaus-Jürgen Bathe

In this study, we develop a novel computational framework called Overlapping Spectral Element Method (OSEM). The OSEM is based on the overlapping finite element method and spectral element method with higher-order interpolation functions, which can be effective for the analysis of structural dynamics and wave propagation problems. In this method, there are three types of spectral elements: regular, coupling, and overlapping. The mass matrices of overlapping and coupling elements are not diagonal, whereas the mass matrices of regular spectral elements are inherently diagonal. Hence, using the elements employed in the mesh, an explicit–implicit or implicit time integration method can be utilized for the time integration. The OSEM includes the advantages of both overlapping finite element and spectral element methods to provide higher accuracy and less element geometric distortion sensitivity than the traditional spectral element method in modeling complex domains. Finally, we demonstrate the merits of using the proposed solution procedure in comparison to using the traditional spectral element method in the solution of several numerical examples.

在这项研究中，我们开发了一种新的计算框架，称为重叠谱元法（OSEM）。基于高阶插值函数的重叠有限元法和谱元法，可以有效地分析结构动力学和波传播问题。在该方法中，谱元有规则、耦合和重叠三种类型。重叠单元和耦合单元的质量矩阵不具有对角性，而正则谱单元的质量矩阵具有固有的对角性。因此，利用网格中所使用的单元，可以采用显式-隐式或隐式时间积分法进行时间积分。该方法结合了有限元法和谱元法重叠的优点，在复杂区域建模中具有比传统谱元法更高的精度和更小的几何畸变敏感性。最后，通过几个数值算例，与传统的谱元法进行了比较，证明了该方法的优越性。

引用次数: 0

A hybrid offline-online model order reduction approach for damage propagation problems 损伤传播问题的离线-在线混合模型阶数约简方法

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108046

Jagan Selvaraj , Stephen R. Hallett

Accurately modelling damage propagation in composites with 3D explicit finite element methods requires high-dimensional models, making simulations computationally prohibitive. Conventional reduced-order models (ROMs) trained offline are ineffective for fracture problems, since stress redistribution and crack growth cannot be anticipated a priori. In this work, a hybrid offline–online ROM that couples elastic-only offline training with adaptive online enrichment of the reduced basis during damage evolution is introduced. Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) is combined with Energy-Conserving Mesh Sampling and Weighting (ECSW) and Gappy data reconstruction to achieve efficient time integration with 3D solid and cohesive elements. Unlike existing domain decomposition approaches, the proposed framework does not require prior knowledge of crack paths and can refine the basis anywhere in the domain as damage develops. The method is demonstrated on open-hole tensile tests at two distinct length scales, capturing delamination, fibre failure and failure stress with good accuracy when compared to full-order simulations and experiments. Improved computational savings are achieved, with efficiency gains increasing with model size. These results establish the hybrid ROM as a scalable and general approach for modelling distributed, path-dependent fracture in composite materials.

用三维显式有限元方法精确模拟复合材料的损伤传播需要高维模型，这使得模拟计算难以实现。传统的离线训练的降阶模型（ROMs）对于断裂问题是无效的，因为应力重新分布和裂纹扩展不能先验地预测。本文介绍了一种将损伤演化过程中仅限弹性的离线训练与自适应的在线简化基丰富相结合的混合型离线-在线ROM。将适当正交分解（POD）与节能网格采样和加权（ECSW）和Gappy数据重构相结合，实现了与三维实体和内聚元素的高效时间积分。与现有的区域分解方法不同，所提出的框架不需要事先了解裂纹路径，并且可以随着损伤的发展在区域的任何地方改进基础。该方法在两种不同长度尺度的裸眼拉伸试验中得到了验证，与全阶模拟和实验相比，该方法能够以较高的精度捕获分层、纤维破坏和破坏应力。随着模型大小的增加，效率提高，计算节省得到了改善。这些结果表明，混合ROM是一种可扩展的通用方法，可用于模拟复合材料中分布的、路径相关的断裂。

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引用次数: 0

A peridynamic-lattice Boltzmann-immersed boundary hybrid model for fluid interactions with low-density flexible structures 流体与低密度柔性结构相互作用的周动力-晶格玻尔兹曼-浸入边界混合模型

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108043

Ya Zhang , Tian Bao , Yu Yang , Yonghao Zhang , Dongyang Chen , Qiaogao Huang , Guang Pan

The coupling of peridynamics model and lattice Boltzmann method using immersed boundary method can effectively simulate strong fluid structure interactions. However, the current hybrid models fail to describe flow-induced large deformation, fracture and damage of low-density structures, which restricts their applications in engineering design simulations. To overcome this restriction, we propose an advanced algorithm that implements velocity correction points throughout the solid subdomains, where strong coupling through simultaneous velocity corrections in both solid structures modelled with peridynamics and fluid domains solved with lattice Boltzmann method is implemented at each time step, utilizing an implicit velocity correction scheme. Consequently, this method enables the simulation of large deformation and fracture of low-density flexible structures, as validated by a range of benchmark cases. Therefore, the proposed peridynamic-lattice Boltzmann-immersed boundary hybrid model is capable of simulating strong fluid structure interactions across a range of structural densities—whether greater than, less than, or equal to the fluid density. In addition, the present scheme significantly improves computational accuracy for fluid structure interactions with rotational structures.

采用浸入边界法将周动力模型与晶格玻尔兹曼方法耦合，可以有效地模拟强流体结构相互作用。然而，目前的混合模型无法描述低密度结构的大变形、断裂和损伤，限制了其在工程设计模拟中的应用。为了克服这一限制，我们提出了一种先进的算法，该算法在整个实体子域实现速度校正点，其中在每个时间步上，利用隐式速度校正方案，通过在用周动力学建模的实体结构和用晶格玻尔兹曼方法求解的流体域同时进行速度校正来实现强耦合。因此，该方法能够模拟低密度柔性结构的大变形和断裂，并通过一系列基准案例进行了验证。因此，所提出的周动力-晶格玻尔兹曼-浸入边界混合模型能够在一定的结构密度范围内模拟强流体-结构相互作用，无论结构密度是大于、小于还是等于流体密度。此外，该方案显著提高了流体结构与旋转结构相互作用的计算精度。

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引用次数: 0

Parallel topology optimization introducing enclosed cavity manufacturing constraints based on graph search algorithms 引入封闭腔制造约束的并行拓扑优化

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108041

David Herrero-Pérez , Javier Principe

We present a distributed method based on Graph Theory for detecting enclosed cavities in density-based topology optimization using the traditional material penalization scheme. We integrate the enclosed cavity detection method into a distributed topology optimization framework that utilizes domain decomposition to leverage parallel computing resources. We introduce enclosed cavities as a manufacturing constraint in a modified topology optimization formulation to control unwanted designs based on the number of enclosed holes. Removing enclosed holes is essential for many additive manufacturing techniques because they can complicate the manufacturing process. The cavity detection method generates a graph with the subdomain design variables represented as nodes and their connections as arcs. The enclosed cavity detection method only uses the void phase part of the corresponding subdomain graph, which is divided into disconnected graphs using a Graph Search algorithm. We then classify them based on the connections between subdomain void graphs. The proposal minimizes inter-node communications by generating a hierarchical distributed graph to obtain a coherent representation of the void phase connectivity during the optimization process. Finally, we evaluate the feasibility and scalability of the computational framework using two- and three-dimensional problems with symmetric and asymmetric simplifications using multi-core computing.

在基于密度的拓扑优化中，采用传统的材料惩罚方案，提出了一种基于图论的分布方法来检测封闭腔。我们将封闭腔检测方法集成到分布式拓扑优化框架中，该框架利用域分解来利用并行计算资源。我们在改进的拓扑优化公式中引入封闭腔作为制造约束，以控制基于封闭孔数量的不必要设计。对于许多增材制造技术来说，去除封闭孔是必不可少的，因为它们会使制造过程复杂化。空腔检测方法生成一个图，其中子域设计变量表示为节点，它们的连接表示为弧。封闭空腔检测方法仅利用相应子域图的空洞相位部分，通过图搜索算法将子域图划分为不相连的图。然后，我们根据子域空图之间的连接对它们进行分类。在优化过程中，通过生成分层分布图来获得空洞相位连通性的连贯表示，从而最大限度地减少节点间通信。最后，我们通过使用多核计算对对称和非对称简化的二维和三维问题评估了计算框架的可行性和可扩展性。

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引用次数: 0

A Wittrick-Williams-algorithm-compatible asymptotic dynamic stiffness formulation applied to non-uniform beam structures 应用于非均匀梁结构的wittrick - williams -算法兼容渐近动刚度公式

IF 4.8 2区工程技术 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS

Computers & Structures

Pub Date : 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108048

Le Chang, Li Cheng

This paper proposes an asymptotic dynamic stiffness formulation for analyzing the vibration of non-uniform beams with power-law varying cross-sections. Exact solutions of the governing differential equations of non-uniform beams, which employ special functions, inevitably lead to implicit dynamic stiffness formulations and mode count, thereby compromising computational efficiency and accuracy and rendering them incompatible with the Wittrick-Williams (WW) algorithm, which is a proven and efficient tool for free vibration analysis. To tackle these problems, this work derives exact solutions of governing differential equations for axial and flexural vibrations of non-uniform beams in terms of Bessel functions and hypergeometric series, then uses their asymptotic behavior to derive the asymptotic dynamic stiffness matrix with explicit analytical expressions, which is further leveraged to yield the explicit mode count. The proposed solutions are shown to greatly mitigate numerical problems in special functions and make the proposed formulation compatible with the WW algorithm. Numerical examples, covering beams and frames, showcase the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed asymptotic dynamic stiffness formulation through comparisons with finite element simulations. This method offers a promising tool for the design and vibration analysis of complex structures composed of beam elements, harnessing minimum number of degrees of freedom.

本文提出了一种分析幂律变截面非均匀梁振动的渐近动刚度公式。使用特殊函数的非均匀梁的控制微分方程的精确解不可避免地导致隐式动刚度公式和模态计数，从而影响计算效率和准确性，并使它们与Wittrick-Williams （WW）算法不兼容，Wittrick-Williams （WW）算法是一种经过验证的有效的自由振动分析工具。为了解决这些问题，本工作从贝塞尔函数和超几何级数的角度推导出非均匀梁轴向和弯曲振动的控制微分方程的精确解，然后利用它们的渐近行为推导出具有显式解析表达式的渐近动态刚度矩阵，进一步利用它来产生显式模态计数。所提出的解大大减轻了特殊函数中的数值问题，并使所提出的公式与WW算法兼容。包括梁和框架在内的数值实例，通过与有限元模拟的比较，展示了所提出的渐近动态刚度公式的准确性和有效性。该方法为利用最小自由度的梁单元组成的复杂结构的设计和振动分析提供了一种有前途的工具。

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引用次数: 0