Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research最新文献

Objectives

Smoking disrupts macrophage chemokine response and delays healing. This study aims to investigate the effect of smoking on peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) levels of macrophage-related chemokines, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL-2), C-C motif chemokine ligand 8 (CCL-8), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL-9), and C-C motif ligand 3 (CCL-3), before and after non-surgical treatment of initial peri-implantitis.

Methods

Fifty-five implants (27 non-smoking [NSPI] and 28 smoking [SPI]) with initial peri-implantitis (bleeding on probing [BOP+], probing pocket depth [PPD] of 6–7 mm) were included in the study. Clinical parameters were recorded, and PICF samples were collected before and 4 months after non-surgical treatment. PICF concentrations of CCL-2, CCL-8, CCL-3, and CXCL-9 were measured with Luminex assay. The Mann–Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and repeated measures analysis of variance test were used to analyze differences between and within the groups.

Results

Baseline CCL-2 (p < 0.001) and CXCL-9 (p = 0.026) levels (pg/30 s) were significantly lower in smokers compared to non-smokers, while no difference was observed for CCL-3 between the two groups (p = 0.320). Only CCL-2 levels (pg/30 s) decreased in the NSPI group in response to non-surgical treatment (p = 0.037).

Conclusion

Smoking disturbs the expressions of macrophage-related chemokines in the early phase of peri-implantitis. These findings may indicate the impaired control of infection during initial peri-implantitis and explain the accelerated progression of the disease in smokers. This study was not registered prior to participant recruitment.

Trial Registration

https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06810401

Background

Robot-assisted implant surgery has been shown to achieve high levels of accuracy. However, there is currently a paucity of clinical studies evaluating the accuracy of marker-based intraoral scanner (IOS) registration (IR) methods.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of the marker-based cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) registration (CR) method and the IR method in the dental implant in the robotic computer-aided implant system (R-CAIS).

Materials and Methods

This retrospective study included 20 participants, with 10 undergoing implant surgery using the CR method within a robotic system, and the remaining 10 receiving implants using the IR method. Preoperative CBCT images used for implant planning were aligned with the postoperative CBCT images to assess and quantify positional deviations in implant placement. The primary outcome measures were FRE, entry deviation, apical deviation, and angular deviation. A Student's t-test was performed to compare differences between the two groups, with a p-value of < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results

The mean ± standard deviation values for FRE were 0.027 ± 0.007 mm for the CR group and 0.031 ± 0.006 mm for the IR group (p = 0.149). The mean ± standard deviation values for entry deviation were 0.58 ± 0.11 mm for the CR group and 0.53 ± 0.15 mm for the IR group (p = 0.072). The mean ± standard deviation values for apical deviation were 0.52 ± 0.12 mm for the CR group and 0.50 ± 0.14 mm for the IR group (p = 0.730). The mean ± standard deviation values for apical deviation were 1.10 ± 0.34 mm for the CR group and 1.17 ± 0.23 mm for the IR group (p = 0.730).

Conclusions

In R-CAIS, the IR method demonstrated accuracy comparable to that of the CR method, with both methods yielding clinically satisfactory outcomes.

Aim

To analyze the scientific profile of the 100 most cited articles on maxillary sinus lift.

Materials and Methods

A search was conducted in the Web of Science Core Collection database in February 2024. Two reviewers retrieved the 100 most cited articles. The number of citations for the articles was compared in the Scopus and Google Scholar databases. The VOSviewer software was employed to generate collaborative network maps for authors and keywords. Dimension was consulted to measure altimetry data. Google Trends was used to explore the global popularity of research on maxillary sinus lift.

Results

The number of citations ranged from 120 to 1259. The articles were published between the years 1991 and 2017. The most frequent study design was observational (21%), and the surgical technique was the lateral window (76%). The most used bone graft was autogenous (15%). The journal with the highest number of articles was Clinical Oral Implants Research (29%). The United States was the most prevalent country (27%), and New York University had the highest number of publications (8%). However, the European continent stood out (66%). Froum SJ was the author with the highest number of publications (6%). The most common keywords were “dental implants” (38%). Intense mentions were identified primarily on Mendeley. According to Google Trends, Ukraine was the country that researched maxillary sinus lift the most.

Conclusion

It can be concluded that the 100 most cited articles on sinus elevation were observational studies that evaluated the lateral window technique for sinus elevation.

Objectives

In vitro studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of combining glycine powder air-polishing (AP) and ultrasonic scaling (US) in surgical bone reconstructive therapy for peri-implantitis.

Materials and Methods

Twenty clinically failed implants and 60 pristine implants were treated in vitro with AP and/or US by using stainless steel, titanium, or carbon fiber tips. Implant surface topography, contaminant distribution, elemental proportion, and composition were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

Results

AP effectively removed bacterial plaques but was unable to eliminate calcified deposits involving calculi and bone fragments. Conversely, US exhibited a high capacity for removing calcified deposits but inevitably altered implant surface topography and the atomic percentages of oxygen (O) and titanium (Ti) regardless of the ultrasonic tip used. AP showed minimal effects on the implant surface and even alleviated the adverse effects of US on the surface topography and the atomic percentages of O, Ti, and even carbon. A sequential protocol involving AP followed by US, with a final AP step, effectively removed contaminants from infected implants while minimally affecting the original surface features.

Conclusions

The combined application of AP and US in surgical peri-implantitis therapy may be a preferred and effective approach for obtaining bone regeneration around infected dental implants.

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of conventional and digital impression-making and cast-fabrication using coded healing abutments on an edentulous mandibular model under in vitro conditions.

Materials and Methods

Our study investigated the accuracy of the On1 Concept (Nobel Biocare; Kloten, Switzerland) coded healing abutment system using conventional and digital workflows. The Conical Connection (CC) system (Nobel Biocare; Kloten, Switzerland) was used as the control group in both workflows. 10–10 open-tray impressions and intraoral scans were made from the reference model with each system. Models built from intraoral scans were additively fabricated, and open-tray impressions were poured with type-4 dental stone. The prepared models were digitized using a desktop scanner with an accuracy of 4 μm (E4, 3Shape; Copenhagen, Denmark) and superimposed on the reference scan. Four linear distances and root mean square (RMS) deviations were measured using metrology software.

Results

Five dimensions were measured using signed and absolute deviations, resulting in nine outcomes. RMS and diagonal deviations provided the most insight into overall model deviations. Mean RMS deviations were: 58.30 (14.95) μm for CC_conv, 47.66 (13.04) μm for On1_conv, 204.97 (37.40) μm for CC_dig, and 136.64 (13.49) μm for On1_dig. Significant differences were found between On1_conv vs. CC_dig, On1_conv vs. On1_dig, and CC_conv vs. CC_dig. Mean linear deviations between the molar positions were: 24.49 (58.20) μm for CC_conv, 87.46 (106.70) μm for On1_conv, −104.76 (125.83) μm for CC_dig, and 140.64 (190.56) μm for On1_dig. Significant differences were observed between On1_conv vs. CC_dig and CC_dig vs. On1_dig.

Conclusions

Based on the RMS deviations, the conventional method is significantly more accurate at both implant and platform levels in the case of an in vitro edentulous lower jaw model. The RMS deviations of the implant analogs are smaller on the platform level with both conventional and digital methods.

Introduction

In many clinical cases, anatomical conditions such as an atrophied alveolar ridge do not allow insertion of normal diameter implants. At this point, narrow dental implants may provide an effective option to avoid complex surgical treatments. The aim of this trial was to evaluate long-term survival, prosthetic and biological complications, and OHRQoL for two-piece narrow dental implants supporting overdentures with Locator-attachments.

Methods

Twenty-five patients with edentulous mandibles received four narrow dental implants and retained dentures with Locator attachments. Following successful implantation, immediate loading of anterior implants with Locator attachments was performed, while posterior implants underwent a conventional healing procedure. Follow-up examinations included documentation of implant and denture-related complications, modified gingiva index, modified plaque index, OHIP-G, and radiographic measurements of bone loss.

Results

Up to 9 years after restoration, 18 patients with 72 implants were available for the follow-up. During the observation period, one implant was lost in the immediate loading group. Implant survival was 98% and 100%. The outcomes of mPI and mGI for the 18 patients hardly differed between the groups. During the observation period, 136 prosthetic complications occurred. Scores for the different OHIP-G domains at the last follow-ups were stable over the years.

Conclusions

Throughout an extended period of observation, we found stable implant survival rates, good maintenance of oral hygiene, and manageable prosthetic complications. The OHRQoL was satisfying over the years, suggesting that this treatment option could be favorable for older individuals.

Trial Registration

https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00005497

Objective

This study aims to develop an innovative dry preservation surface modification for strontium-modified pure titanium implants to prevent surface degradation by hydrocarbon pollutants in the air and to enhance osseointegration.

Methods

An optimal parameter dry preservation surface modification was established by immersing samples in a 0.1 M KCl + 0.1 M SrCl₂ mixed solution for 12 h, followed by air-drying and storing in sealed glass vials, as the strontium-doped dry preservation (SrP) group. Surface characteristics were analyzed using appropriate instrumentation. Cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation were assessed in in vitro studies. Forty-eight male Sprague–Dawley rats were included in in vivo studies, with a total of 96 implants placed bilaterally in the tibiae. Micro-CT, removal torque tests, and histological analyses after 4 or 8 weeks were conducted in order to evaluate the osseointegration in each group.

Results

Four distinct groups were involved in this study: the SrP group, the freshly prepared strontium-doped (SrF) group, the strontium-doped group with no dry preservation (SrN), and the modified sand-blasted large grit acid-etched (modSLA) group. After 6 months of storage, the SrP surface maintained favorable hydrophilicity, micro-nano morphology, and consistent strontium ion release similar to SrF. Moreover, it maintained similar levels of cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation as SrF while exhibiting significantly better performance than SrN in in vitro studies (p < 0.05). Additionally, after 12 months of storage, it demonstrated excellent osseointegration comparable to the SrF group while significantly outperforming SrN in in vivo studies 4 weeks post-surgery (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

The dry preservation surface modification successfully maintained the nanotopography and hydrophilicity of strontium-doped pure titanium implants during 6–12 months of storage, and effectively mitigated the premature release of strontium ions associated with wet preservation methods, thereby significantly preserving the osseointegration performance of strontium-doped titanium implants.

Background

The horizontally insufficient posterior mandibular ridge frequently restrains dental implant insertion.

Patients and Methods

A modified ridge split procedure was innovated to separate, convey laterally, and fix the buccal cortical plate in 20 patients with posterior horizontal mandibular alveolar deficiency. Meanwhile, the intercancellous space was obliterated with autogenous bone particulates for the test group patients and Anorganic bone bovine mineral (ABBM) for those of the control group. Following a comparison of the horizontal bone gain and the histomorphometric bone area percent among both groups after 6 months of graft consolidation, 40 implants were inserted during the second surgical stage.

Results

All of the grafts were consolidated. A statistically insignificant difference was found between the control group's mean 6-month postoperative horizontal bone width of (8.10 ± 0.83) and that of the study one of (7.90 ± 0.77). The control group's mean bone gain was recorded (4.76 ± 0.81) versus (4.63 ± 0.78) for the study group, with a statistically insignificant difference. Both groups showed histological evidence of a moderate number of osteoblasts, mature trabecular bone, and lamellae encircling large fatty marrow spaces. A statistically significant difference (p = 0.021) was found between the control group's mean bone area percentage of new bone formation (38.83% ± 1.17%) and that of the study group (34.40% ± 3.71%).

Conclusion

The modified ridge split with either autogenous or (ABBM) graft was deemed reliable for reconstructing the horizontally deficient posterior alveolar ridge with appropriate volumetric stability and bone quality.

Trial Registration: The study was registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov (Registration #: NCT05286541)

Objectives

To investigate the trueness of intraoral photogrammetry (IPG) technology for complete-arch implant digital impression and evaluate the effect of implant number.

Material and Methods

All data were fully anonymized in compliance with ethical standards, and a total of 30 complete-arch patient models with 4 (n = 13), 5 (n = 9), or 6 (n = 8) implants were selected from the archive. Digital impressions were taken with IPG and a desktop scanner. Test and reference standard tessellation language (STL) files were superimposed using a best-fit algorithm. For each implant position, mean linear (ΔX, ΔY, ΔZ axes) and angular deviations (ΔANGLE) and three-dimensional (3D) Euclidean distances (ΔEUC) were measured as primary outcomes with a dedicated software program (Hyper Cad S, Cam HyperMill, Open Mind Technologies) and reported as descriptive statistics. Secondary aim was to determine using linear mixed models whether implant number affected trueness. All statistical analyses were conducted using Stata 18 (Stata Corp, College Station) and significance was set at 0.05.

Results

A total of 30 definitive casts with 4 (n = 13), 5 (n = 8), and 6 (n = 9) multi-unit abutment (MUA) analogs were analyzed (n = 146 implant positions). The mean deviations along the X-axis were −3.97 ± 32.8 μm, while along the Y-axis, they were −1.97 ± 25.03 μm. For the Z-axis, a greater deviation of −33 ± 34.77 μm was observed. The 3D Euclidean distance deviation measured 57.22 ± 27.41 μm, and the angular deviation was 0.26° ± 0.19°. Statistically significant deviations were experienced for ΔZ, ΔEUC, and ΔANGLE (p < 0.01). Additionally, the number of implants had a statistically significant effect only on the Z-axis deviation (p = 0.03).

Conclusions

Within study limitations, IPG technology was feasible for complete-arch digital implant impression with mean linear, angular, and 3D deviations far below the acceptable range for a passive fit. Reported IPG trueness might avoid a rigid prototype try-in. The implant number had no influence on trueness except for Z-axis deviations. Integrating photogrammetry with intraoral optical scanning (IOS) improved practicality, optimizing the digital workflow. Further clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings.