Pub Date : 2022-10-02DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2022.2153124
T. Rodriguez-Nikl
Urban areas are coming under ever increasing strain.The population of urban areas has been steadily increasing over the last decades. For instance, as is shown in Figure 1, the proportion of urban dwellers has increased from 30% in 1950 to 55% in 2018 and is projected to rise to 68% by 2050. The rate of urbanisation is even more pronounced in less developed countries (United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division 2018a). Furthermore, the urban population is increasingly concentrating into so-called megacities, i.e., ‘urban agglomerations’ with 10 million or more residents; the proportion of urban residents residing in megacities has increased from 3% in 1950 to 12% in 2015 and is expected to grow to 16% in 2035 (United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division 2018b, 55, and 2018c). Because urban infrastructure is difficult to modify, as urban areas grow, new development must fit into the existing urban fabric. Moreover, as density increases, space will become more difficult to come by, requiring new ways of meeting the needs of urban dwellers. At a global scale, there is an increasing need to reduce resource use across all economic sectors, and disasters are increasing in frequency and their social and economic consequences. On top of this, the increased complexity and interdependency of infrastructure systems increases the chances of cascading infrastructure failures.
{"title":"Systems approaches to the use of underground space in urban environments","authors":"T. Rodriguez-Nikl","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2022.2153124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2022.2153124","url":null,"abstract":"Urban areas are coming under ever increasing strain.The population of urban areas has been steadily increasing over the last decades. For instance, as is shown in Figure 1, the proportion of urban dwellers has increased from 30% in 1950 to 55% in 2018 and is projected to rise to 68% by 2050. The rate of urbanisation is even more pronounced in less developed countries (United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division 2018a). Furthermore, the urban population is increasingly concentrating into so-called megacities, i.e., ‘urban agglomerations’ with 10 million or more residents; the proportion of urban residents residing in megacities has increased from 3% in 1950 to 12% in 2015 and is expected to grow to 16% in 2035 (United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division 2018b, 55, and 2018c). Because urban infrastructure is difficult to modify, as urban areas grow, new development must fit into the existing urban fabric. Moreover, as density increases, space will become more difficult to come by, requiring new ways of meeting the needs of urban dwellers. At a global scale, there is an increasing need to reduce resource use across all economic sectors, and disasters are increasing in frequency and their social and economic consequences. On top of this, the increased complexity and interdependency of infrastructure systems increases the chances of cascading infrastructure failures.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86879654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-01DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2022.2128341
Steven Liaros, Nilmini De Silva
ABSTRACT Civil infrastructures have historically been developed as highly centralised, extensive, and complicated systems. Electricity, water, buildings, transport networks, and communication systems are each delivered separately. Recent advancements in the development of energy micro-grids have opened the possibility of localised, intensive, and complex, nature-based infrastructure ecosystems. Designed at the scale of a village, such systems would integrate different types of infrastructure. For example, an energy micro-grid can provide electricity to buildings, power electric vehicles and cycle water through a precinct. In turn, the water system can store energy and irrigate a diverse, regenerative food system. Providing housing close to food production reduces transport costs, supply chain losses and packaging. The significant land area required for each village would result in a dispersal of populations, creating networks of villages, each with integrated infrastructure ecosystems. This challenges the orthodoxy in town planning and regional economics that accepts ever-increasing urbanisation. To synthesise ideas developed in different disciplines we adopt the epistemology of consilience. That is, a conclusion can be confirmed when different disciplines arrive at that same position. We show that literature in town planning, regional economics, ecological economics, and public health all support the argument for dispersal reached through civil engineering systems.
{"title":"Human settlements arranged as networks of regenerative villages with nature-based infrastructure ecosystems","authors":"Steven Liaros, Nilmini De Silva","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2022.2128341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2022.2128341","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Civil infrastructures have historically been developed as highly centralised, extensive, and complicated systems. Electricity, water, buildings, transport networks, and communication systems are each delivered separately. Recent advancements in the development of energy micro-grids have opened the possibility of localised, intensive, and complex, nature-based infrastructure ecosystems. Designed at the scale of a village, such systems would integrate different types of infrastructure. For example, an energy micro-grid can provide electricity to buildings, power electric vehicles and cycle water through a precinct. In turn, the water system can store energy and irrigate a diverse, regenerative food system. Providing housing close to food production reduces transport costs, supply chain losses and packaging. The significant land area required for each village would result in a dispersal of populations, creating networks of villages, each with integrated infrastructure ecosystems. This challenges the orthodoxy in town planning and regional economics that accepts ever-increasing urbanisation. To synthesise ideas developed in different disciplines we adopt the epistemology of consilience. That is, a conclusion can be confirmed when different disciplines arrive at that same position. We show that literature in town planning, regional economics, ecological economics, and public health all support the argument for dispersal reached through civil engineering systems.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89749033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-16DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2022.2095371
T. Matthews, D. Laefer
ABSTRACT A utilidor is a ‘system of systems’ infrastructural solution to the ‘subsurface spaghetti’ problem resulting from direct burial of utility transmission infrastructure beneath the public right of way (PROW). The transition from direct burial to utilidors in older, dense American cities has generally not occurred, despite the potential to increase system performance in a long-term, financially and environmentally sustainable manner, because it would require reform of local planning practices and of utility pricing to support financing within a complex regulatory system. Utilidor adoption in New York City (NYC) would be a significant local infrastructure transition, amplifying the need for locality-based research, that would occur while each utility sector undergoes its own infrastructure transitions, thereby increasing the level of regulatory complexity. This paper applies transitions analysis, recursive collective action theory, and capacity to act analysis to NYC’s experience with its PROW subsurface spaghetti problem and utilidor implementation to demonstrate a place-based methodology that identifies specific sources of resistance to innovative subsurface design and feasible pathways for resolving them. This methodology would be transferable for application to other American cities or classes of American cities to supplement the limits of generalised subsurface and subsurface resource integration research for practitioner application.
{"title":"Local public right of way for surface and subsurface resource integration","authors":"T. Matthews, D. Laefer","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2022.2095371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2022.2095371","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A utilidor is a ‘system of systems’ infrastructural solution to the ‘subsurface spaghetti’ problem resulting from direct burial of utility transmission infrastructure beneath the public right of way (PROW). The transition from direct burial to utilidors in older, dense American cities has generally not occurred, despite the potential to increase system performance in a long-term, financially and environmentally sustainable manner, because it would require reform of local planning practices and of utility pricing to support financing within a complex regulatory system. Utilidor adoption in New York City (NYC) would be a significant local infrastructure transition, amplifying the need for locality-based research, that would occur while each utility sector undergoes its own infrastructure transitions, thereby increasing the level of regulatory complexity. This paper applies transitions analysis, recursive collective action theory, and capacity to act analysis to NYC’s experience with its PROW subsurface spaghetti problem and utilidor implementation to demonstrate a place-based methodology that identifies specific sources of resistance to innovative subsurface design and feasible pathways for resolving them. This methodology would be transferable for application to other American cities or classes of American cities to supplement the limits of generalised subsurface and subsurface resource integration research for practitioner application.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82018033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2022.2121819
P. Jowitt
ABSTRACT We are in the Systems Age of development and facing a number of related critical issues at a range of temporal and physical scales. These now threaten the world’s environment and the human race’s place in it. This paper discusses the array of problems involved and the need to tackle them at the systems level, to identify sustainable solutions and resilience measures to avoid large scale undesirable outcomes. There is a need to avoid the usual conclusion after such events that ‘lessons must be learned’.
{"title":"Getting into shape and avoiding the apocalypse","authors":"P. Jowitt","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2022.2121819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2022.2121819","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We are in the Systems Age of development and facing a number of related critical issues at a range of temporal and physical scales. These now threaten the world’s environment and the human race’s place in it. This paper discusses the array of problems involved and the need to tackle them at the systems level, to identify sustainable solutions and resilience measures to avoid large scale undesirable outcomes. There is a need to avoid the usual conclusion after such events that ‘lessons must be learned’.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85680660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2022.2129638
P. Jowitt, J. Side
be assigned to build greater resilience by intervention and future planning. Renowned for his work on systems engineering, Elms (2022) o ff ers clarity in the application of systems thinking to engineering problems. The paper sets out fi ve attributes which are criti-cal to systems engineering approaches: future facing, the stance or attitude, general skills, a range of ways of thinking and skills in tackling complex and novel systems problems. The paper develops each of these in detail before tackling the di ffi culties of human related hin-drances. Finally three case studies amplify the range of issues addressed and highlight suc-cesses and failures in given applications.
{"title":"Apocalypse? No! The need for systems engineering thinking to address global challenges and avert global crises","authors":"P. Jowitt, J. Side","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2022.2129638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2022.2129638","url":null,"abstract":"be assigned to build greater resilience by intervention and future planning. Renowned for his work on systems engineering, Elms (2022) o ff ers clarity in the application of systems thinking to engineering problems. The paper sets out fi ve attributes which are criti-cal to systems engineering approaches: future facing, the stance or attitude, general skills, a range of ways of thinking and skills in tackling complex and novel systems problems. The paper develops each of these in detail before tackling the di ffi culties of human related hin-drances. Finally three case studies amplify the range of issues addressed and highlight suc-cesses and failures in given applications.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90652160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2022.2093348
J. Side
ABSTRACT In a world which is ‘hanging by a thread', or conversely ‘teetering on the brink', where ‘humanity stands at the precipice', systems thinking can offer clarity when confronted with the unwitting distraction of cliché riddled aphorisms. By the examination of the earth system, its externalities in relation to economic development and perspectives of our relationship to the global commons within the economy, within government and within the established literature, a series of propositions are developed. Some are used subsequently to offer explanation of current approaches to climate change; others highlight the obvious importance of systems thinking to the engineering professions. Finally, in a brief discussion, these propositions are used syllogistically to suggest that rationalism and universal self-interest will avoid irreversible climate change and its associated environmental apocalypse. Conflicting interests and self-interest, inter alia, within the global system of production and development suggest that the achievement of basic human rights and the UN Sustainable Development Goals, however rational and well supported, will prove rather more intractable.
{"title":"It’s not just the climate that needs fixing","authors":"J. Side","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2022.2093348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2022.2093348","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In a world which is ‘hanging by a thread', or conversely ‘teetering on the brink', where ‘humanity stands at the precipice', systems thinking can offer clarity when confronted with the unwitting distraction of cliché riddled aphorisms. By the examination of the earth system, its externalities in relation to economic development and perspectives of our relationship to the global commons within the economy, within government and within the established literature, a series of propositions are developed. Some are used subsequently to offer explanation of current approaches to climate change; others highlight the obvious importance of systems thinking to the engineering professions. Finally, in a brief discussion, these propositions are used syllogistically to suggest that rationalism and universal self-interest will avoid irreversible climate change and its associated environmental apocalypse. Conflicting interests and self-interest, inter alia, within the global system of production and development suggest that the achievement of basic human rights and the UN Sustainable Development Goals, however rational and well supported, will prove rather more intractable.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75841588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2022.2083112
L. Beevers, K. McClymont, M. Bedinger
ABSTRACT To add to the engineer’s toolkit for the twenty-first century challenges, we demonstrate a novel systems model for understanding urban impacts. The model captures interdependencies between different interconnected systems (or sectors, e.g. recreational services or public healthcare) in cities, from the tangible (e.g. resources such as roads) to the more intangible (e.g. outcomes such as the sustainable economy). The model is hazard-agnostic in that it can be modified to capture the impacts of different shocks on tangible parts of the system and how these cascade through to more abstract and high-level city tasks and outcomes. This paper demonstrates three hypothetical scenarios (a flood, drought, and pandemic) and their impacts on a generic UK city. Using the network analysis, impacts can be tracked and interpreted to help prioritise requirements for resilience-building. We propose this new tool be taken up and tested by others working to address global challenges such as the Sustainable Development Goals and grappling with the interconnectedness of urban systems.
{"title":"A hazard-agnostic model for unpacking systemic impacts in urban systems","authors":"L. Beevers, K. McClymont, M. Bedinger","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2022.2083112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2022.2083112","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT To add to the engineer’s toolkit for the twenty-first century challenges, we demonstrate a novel systems model for understanding urban impacts. The model captures interdependencies between different interconnected systems (or sectors, e.g. recreational services or public healthcare) in cities, from the tangible (e.g. resources such as roads) to the more intangible (e.g. outcomes such as the sustainable economy). The model is hazard-agnostic in that it can be modified to capture the impacts of different shocks on tangible parts of the system and how these cascade through to more abstract and high-level city tasks and outcomes. This paper demonstrates three hypothetical scenarios (a flood, drought, and pandemic) and their impacts on a generic UK city. Using the network analysis, impacts can be tracked and interpreted to help prioritise requirements for resilience-building. We propose this new tool be taken up and tested by others working to address global challenges such as the Sustainable Development Goals and grappling with the interconnectedness of urban systems.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85081531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2022.2083114
D. Elms
ABSTRACT The world faces grave problems stemming from environmental issues, but apocalyptic disaster is not inevitable. The problems arise primarily from human failure to understand the issues and act collectively to deal with them. Any solution must therefore address human factors. This paper considers two: a lack of clarity in thought, aims and action, and the destructive nature of unconstrained conflict at all levels, particularly between groups of all sizes. The first can be helped by the discipline of systems engineering which aims to achieve clarity in complex situations, and the second can use the clarity of understanding to help groups interact while having an attitude of both collaboration and competition. Means of achieving clarity are discussed. Examples demonstrate how clarity has cut through difficult problems and also, in some detail, how, in a major project management situation, a clear-thinking approach brought normally competing groups to work together in such a way that they had to simultaneously collaborate and compete to the delight of the clients and the mutual benefit of all. It can be done and catastrophe avoided.
{"title":"Avoiding apocalypse: clarity and collaboration","authors":"D. Elms","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2022.2083114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2022.2083114","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The world faces grave problems stemming from environmental issues, but apocalyptic disaster is not inevitable. The problems arise primarily from human failure to understand the issues and act collectively to deal with them. Any solution must therefore address human factors. This paper considers two: a lack of clarity in thought, aims and action, and the destructive nature of unconstrained conflict at all levels, particularly between groups of all sizes. The first can be helped by the discipline of systems engineering which aims to achieve clarity in complex situations, and the second can use the clarity of understanding to help groups interact while having an attitude of both collaboration and competition. Means of achieving clarity are discussed. Examples demonstrate how clarity has cut through difficult problems and also, in some detail, how, in a major project management situation, a clear-thinking approach brought normally competing groups to work together in such a way that they had to simultaneously collaborate and compete to the delight of the clients and the mutual benefit of all. It can be done and catastrophe avoided.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75299851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-03DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2022.2108806
Xanthe K. Polaine, R. Dawson, C. Walsh, J. Amezaga, M. Peña-Varón, C. Lee, Sandhya Rao
ABSTRACT Water security covers a wide range of issues and risks to people, the natural and built environment, the economy, and interactions between these. This breadth creates an interconnected complexity and the potential for perceived intractability. Tackling water security meaningfully therefore requires a judgement in balancing the holistic nature of water security with reductionist understanding of key processes and elements. This paper demonstrates that systems thinking can be adapted to achieve this through different systems framings of water security, tailored to local context. Through four case studies, we show how systems thinking has been adapted and applied to fit the contextual analysis and management of multiple water security issues. We show how this approach has dissolved disciplinary and sectoral silos; changed the spatial scale at which water security is addressed; improved data acquisition and analysis to better understand relationships between sub-systems; and integrated socio-ecological issues of justice and power with more traditional bio-physical understandings of water security. This is an important step towards turning systems thinking into systems transformation and making the concept of water security actionable and accessible to policy, planning, and practice.
{"title":"Systems thinking for water security","authors":"Xanthe K. Polaine, R. Dawson, C. Walsh, J. Amezaga, M. Peña-Varón, C. Lee, Sandhya Rao","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2022.2108806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2022.2108806","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Water security covers a wide range of issues and risks to people, the natural and built environment, the economy, and interactions between these. This breadth creates an interconnected complexity and the potential for perceived intractability. Tackling water security meaningfully therefore requires a judgement in balancing the holistic nature of water security with reductionist understanding of key processes and elements. This paper demonstrates that systems thinking can be adapted to achieve this through different systems framings of water security, tailored to local context. Through four case studies, we show how systems thinking has been adapted and applied to fit the contextual analysis and management of multiple water security issues. We show how this approach has dissolved disciplinary and sectoral silos; changed the spatial scale at which water security is addressed; improved data acquisition and analysis to better understand relationships between sub-systems; and integrated socio-ecological issues of justice and power with more traditional bio-physical understandings of water security. This is an important step towards turning systems thinking into systems transformation and making the concept of water security actionable and accessible to policy, planning, and practice.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73135829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2022.2075857
L. Nikakhtar, S. Zare, Hossein Mirzaei Nasirabad
ABSTRACT In this article, the ability of the artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) to perform back analysis and predict maximum surface settlement in mechanised tunnelling is investigated. The required data of the ANN meta-model was generated using 150 three-dimensional finite-difference simulations. The global sensitivity analysis was performed on 19 parameters, including 17 geotechnical parameters of soil layers and 2 operational parameters of face pressure and grouting pressure. The predicted results using ANN were in good agreement with the numerical simulations so that R = 99% and rRMSE = 1.5% are obtained. Then, back analysis was performed using the ANN-GA hybrid algorithm and the geotechnical data of the monitoring point were updated using the maximum surface settlement monitored at this point. Also, for the geotechnical parameters considered in the design phase, using the same algorithm, the number of operational parameters required for optimal settlement was predicted.
{"title":"Intelligent identification of soil and operation parameters in mechanised tunnelling by a hybrid model of artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (case study: Tabriz Metro Line 2)","authors":"L. Nikakhtar, S. Zare, Hossein Mirzaei Nasirabad","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2022.2075857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2022.2075857","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this article, the ability of the artificial neural network-genetic algorithm (ANN-GA) to perform back analysis and predict maximum surface settlement in mechanised tunnelling is investigated. The required data of the ANN meta-model was generated using 150 three-dimensional finite-difference simulations. The global sensitivity analysis was performed on 19 parameters, including 17 geotechnical parameters of soil layers and 2 operational parameters of face pressure and grouting pressure. The predicted results using ANN were in good agreement with the numerical simulations so that R = 99% and rRMSE = 1.5% are obtained. Then, back analysis was performed using the ANN-GA hybrid algorithm and the geotechnical data of the monitoring point were updated using the maximum surface settlement monitored at this point. Also, for the geotechnical parameters considered in the design phase, using the same algorithm, the number of operational parameters required for optimal settlement was predicted.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73833424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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