Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2021.1969371
Rikard Sundling, H. Szentes
ABSTRACT A large proportion of apartment buildings in Europe were built between 1950 and 1990 and many of them are today in need of renovation due to inherently poor quality of design, a lack of subsequent maintenance and the present-day imperative of energy-efficiency. The limited extent of renovation compared with new-build projects suggests that developers find renovation unattractive. The purpose of this paper is to examine this reluctance by applying the theory of wicked problems. The paper discusses the wickedness of various aspects when doing feasibility assessments of renovation projects in a Swedish context, such as technical viability, financial viability, and environmental performance. The results show that most of these aspects are wicked and that attempts to manage the wickedness of renovation require both skill and knowledge, not to inflict harmful effects. For instance, it is necessary to do case-by-case assessments to determine if renovation is feasible. When planning for the renovation of several apartment buildings the complexity increases, because more stakeholders are involved. However, this also enables incremental approaches, continuous learning, and local adaptations. The insight that renovation is a wicked problem is important input for future research on renovation as well as for property owners when considering renovation.
{"title":"Why are we not renovating more? An elaboration of the wicked problem of renovating apartment buildings","authors":"Rikard Sundling, H. Szentes","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2021.1969371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2021.1969371","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A large proportion of apartment buildings in Europe were built between 1950 and 1990 and many of them are today in need of renovation due to inherently poor quality of design, a lack of subsequent maintenance and the present-day imperative of energy-efficiency. The limited extent of renovation compared with new-build projects suggests that developers find renovation unattractive. The purpose of this paper is to examine this reluctance by applying the theory of wicked problems. The paper discusses the wickedness of various aspects when doing feasibility assessments of renovation projects in a Swedish context, such as technical viability, financial viability, and environmental performance. The results show that most of these aspects are wicked and that attempts to manage the wickedness of renovation require both skill and knowledge, not to inflict harmful effects. For instance, it is necessary to do case-by-case assessments to determine if renovation is feasible. When planning for the renovation of several apartment buildings the complexity increases, because more stakeholders are involved. However, this also enables incremental approaches, continuous learning, and local adaptations. The insight that renovation is a wicked problem is important input for future research on renovation as well as for property owners when considering renovation.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":"48 1","pages":"197 - 221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85627955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-03DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2021.1978078
Y. Kantheepan, W. Dias
ABSTRACT The concept of ‘structural connectivity’ is introduced to assess the connectivity of structural trusses and road networks, which are examples of two-dimensional assemblies. Metrics for such connectivity, and also for identifying the least connected members and zones, are derived from an adaptation of the ‘Bristol approach’ (based on joint stiffness), Newman’s method (based on network theory), and Route Structure Analysis (developed to analyse road networks). Fractal, Warren and Fan-type trusses of the same triangular outer shape but differing internal geometric configurations were analysed using all three approaches, both to explore similarities across metrics and to find the best-connected truss. Although the different measures gave somewhat different results for the same structure, there was some degree of consistency; thus enabling the Warren truss to emerge as the best-connected configuration. The metrics indicated that truss ends and chord members were the least connected areas and members; but that increasing the axial rigidity of chord members improved the connectivity of all truss forms. An idealised ‘Class A’ road network in Sri Lanka was analysed, using a combination of Newman’s method and Route Structure Analysis, as proof that the concept of structural connectivity could be applied to assemblies other than engineering structures.
{"title":"Connectivity of two-dimensional assemblies: trusses and roads","authors":"Y. Kantheepan, W. Dias","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2021.1978078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2021.1978078","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The concept of ‘structural connectivity’ is introduced to assess the connectivity of structural trusses and road networks, which are examples of two-dimensional assemblies. Metrics for such connectivity, and also for identifying the least connected members and zones, are derived from an adaptation of the ‘Bristol approach’ (based on joint stiffness), Newman’s method (based on network theory), and Route Structure Analysis (developed to analyse road networks). Fractal, Warren and Fan-type trusses of the same triangular outer shape but differing internal geometric configurations were analysed using all three approaches, both to explore similarities across metrics and to find the best-connected truss. Although the different measures gave somewhat different results for the same structure, there was some degree of consistency; thus enabling the Warren truss to emerge as the best-connected configuration. The metrics indicated that truss ends and chord members were the least connected areas and members; but that increasing the axial rigidity of chord members improved the connectivity of all truss forms. An idealised ‘Class A’ road network in Sri Lanka was analysed, using a combination of Newman’s method and Route Structure Analysis, as proof that the concept of structural connectivity could be applied to assemblies other than engineering structures.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":"142 1","pages":"222 - 246"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80198137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-21DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2021.1943664
Conrad Zorn, R. Pant, S. Thacker, Lea Andreae, A. Shamseldin
ABSTRACT Critical infrastructure systems are typically managed as isolated systems, however, past events have demonstrated that disruptions to electricity supply can initiate major social and economic impacts on dependent infrastructure. This paper investigates the role of electricity on the functioning of the New Zealand national passenger–transportation sectors, namely: airports, ferries, rail, and petroleum distribution via state highways. Expert-elicited relationships used to define electricity-transport dependencies in practice are compared and updated using a national-scale network-of-networks simulation model – a methodology with the advantage of capturing a far greater range of possible dependency relationships compared to a single expert-elicited curve. Examining the geographic and functional dependence on the electricity transmission/distribution networks, critical substations for normal transportation sector functionality are identified. Through simulating disruptive scenarios, we derive a synthesised set of curves integrating the qualitative and quantitative approaches to characterising infrastructure dependencies. While urban areas show dense co-location of transport assets and critical substations with significant potential for disrupting transportation, the routing of petroleum from bulk storage terminals to retail stations reveal the criticality of road networks beyond simple traffic count metrics. This approach in modelling infrastructure dependencies at the national scale is not without limitations and these are reflected on accordingly.
{"title":"Quantifying system-level dependencies between connected electricity and transport infrastructure networks incorporating expert judgement","authors":"Conrad Zorn, R. Pant, S. Thacker, Lea Andreae, A. Shamseldin","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2021.1943664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2021.1943664","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Critical infrastructure systems are typically managed as isolated systems, however, past events have demonstrated that disruptions to electricity supply can initiate major social and economic impacts on dependent infrastructure. This paper investigates the role of electricity on the functioning of the New Zealand national passenger–transportation sectors, namely: airports, ferries, rail, and petroleum distribution via state highways. Expert-elicited relationships used to define electricity-transport dependencies in practice are compared and updated using a national-scale network-of-networks simulation model – a methodology with the advantage of capturing a far greater range of possible dependency relationships compared to a single expert-elicited curve. Examining the geographic and functional dependence on the electricity transmission/distribution networks, critical substations for normal transportation sector functionality are identified. Through simulating disruptive scenarios, we derive a synthesised set of curves integrating the qualitative and quantitative approaches to characterising infrastructure dependencies. While urban areas show dense co-location of transport assets and critical substations with significant potential for disrupting transportation, the routing of petroleum from bulk storage terminals to retail stations reveal the criticality of road networks beyond simple traffic count metrics. This approach in modelling infrastructure dependencies at the national scale is not without limitations and these are reflected on accordingly.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":"226 1","pages":"176 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80131436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-06DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2021.1934826
Hamid Movaffaghi, I. Yitmen
ABSTRACT This study aims to present a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) for comprehensive performance evaluation of the alternative design of timber–concrete composite (TCC) floor system. Considered objectives are serviceability and sustainability performance with associated criterion as (1) comfort class regarding springiness and vibrations, (2) architectural quality with associated criterion as open spaces, (3) environmental aspect with associated criterion as CO2 emissions and (4) cost aspect with associated criterion as the total costs. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) as the methods in the multi-criteria analysis have been combined for (1) determining the weighting of criteria based on the survey results, (2) verifying the consistency ratio of decision matrix made by experts and (3) for ranking and selecting the optimal concept design among design candidates. According to the results, the TCC floor with the span length of 7.3 m belonging to comfort class A has got the highest ranking. However, sensitivity analysis indicates that the TCC floor with a 9.0 m span length belonging to comfort class A shall be selected as the optimal concept design. The study contributes by developing a complete concept design tool for TCC floor systems using AHP combined COPRAS methods to handle both beneficial and non-beneficial criteria.
{"title":"Multi-criteria decision analysis of timber–concrete composite floor systems in multi-storey wooden buildings","authors":"Hamid Movaffaghi, I. Yitmen","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2021.1934826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2021.1934826","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study aims to present a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) for comprehensive performance evaluation of the alternative design of timber–concrete composite (TCC) floor system. Considered objectives are serviceability and sustainability performance with associated criterion as (1) comfort class regarding springiness and vibrations, (2) architectural quality with associated criterion as open spaces, (3) environmental aspect with associated criterion as CO2 emissions and (4) cost aspect with associated criterion as the total costs. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) as the methods in the multi-criteria analysis have been combined for (1) determining the weighting of criteria based on the survey results, (2) verifying the consistency ratio of decision matrix made by experts and (3) for ranking and selecting the optimal concept design among design candidates. According to the results, the TCC floor with the span length of 7.3 m belonging to comfort class A has got the highest ranking. However, sensitivity analysis indicates that the TCC floor with a 9.0 m span length belonging to comfort class A shall be selected as the optimal concept design. The study contributes by developing a complete concept design tool for TCC floor systems using AHP combined COPRAS methods to handle both beneficial and non-beneficial criteria.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":"16 1","pages":"161 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78576499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2021.1923699
I. Adhikari, A. Baral, E. Zahed, B. Abediniangerabi, M. Shahandashti
ABSTRACT The selection of appropriate slope repair methods for the restoration of failed slopes is challenging at the early-stage of the decision-making process due to the limited available geotechnical information. At this early-stage, the limited experience of a few maintenance personnel often dominates the selection of slope repair methods to restore failed slopes. Hence, some potential repair methods that may have better performance for the given slope conditions, could be overlooked. The objective of this study is to develop an early-stage multi-criteria decision-support system to rank and recommend slope repair methods for the restoration of failed slopes based on collective experience and knowledge of subject matter experts. This system evaluates potential slope repair methods based on several selection criteria, such as the impact on traffic, the service life of repair methods, the rapidity of repair to recommend the most appropriate repair methods for the slope restoration. A survey of subject matter experts was conducted to identify the possible slope repair methods. The importance of selection criteria was calculated using the entropy method. The resulting importance of criteria was then used by the technique for order preference by the similarity of ideal solution (TOPSIS) to rank and recommend potential slope repair methods.
{"title":"Early stage multi-criteria decision support system for recommending slope repair methods","authors":"I. Adhikari, A. Baral, E. Zahed, B. Abediniangerabi, M. Shahandashti","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2021.1923699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2021.1923699","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The selection of appropriate slope repair methods for the restoration of failed slopes is challenging at the early-stage of the decision-making process due to the limited available geotechnical information. At this early-stage, the limited experience of a few maintenance personnel often dominates the selection of slope repair methods to restore failed slopes. Hence, some potential repair methods that may have better performance for the given slope conditions, could be overlooked. The objective of this study is to develop an early-stage multi-criteria decision-support system to rank and recommend slope repair methods for the restoration of failed slopes based on collective experience and knowledge of subject matter experts. This system evaluates potential slope repair methods based on several selection criteria, such as the impact on traffic, the service life of repair methods, the rapidity of repair to recommend the most appropriate repair methods for the slope restoration. A survey of subject matter experts was conducted to identify the possible slope repair methods. The importance of selection criteria was calculated using the entropy method. The resulting importance of criteria was then used by the technique for order preference by the similarity of ideal solution (TOPSIS) to rank and recommend potential slope repair methods.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":"64 1","pages":"127 - 144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87109310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-03DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2021.1925654
R. Trach, M. Lendo-Siwicka
ABSTRACT The purpose of the study is to use a social network analysis of a construction project’s participants to identify key participants using centrality measures and identify communities of participants in the network. This article analyses the communication network of a construction project that consists of 34 participants. Analysis of four centrality measures of the network’s nodes showed that there was a significant information load for a few key participants. The Eigenvector Centrality was chosen as the most appropriate basic measure of centrality because it takes into account the neighbouring nodes’ level of importance. The Louvain clustering method was found to be more effective than the Girvan–Newman method. The Louvain algorithm divided the project communication network into three communities, in which the participants are interconnected by the technological processes and the work performed. A hypothetical example is presented of how the clustering technique can be used to improve project communication. Adding a ‘Project Manager Assistant’ was selected for addition, and assumptions made to demonstrate how the load might be reduced and effectiveness assessed. These methods of assessing centrality and clustering show potential in project management to analyse a real communication network and when making managerial decisions.
{"title":"Centrality of a communication network of construction project participants and implications for improved project communication","authors":"R. Trach, M. Lendo-Siwicka","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2021.1925654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2021.1925654","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000 The purpose of the study is to use a social network analysis of a construction project’s participants to identify key participants using centrality measures and identify communities of participants in the network. This article analyses the communication network of a construction project that consists of 34 participants. Analysis of four centrality measures of the network’s nodes showed that there was a significant information load for a few key participants. The Eigenvector Centrality was chosen as the most appropriate basic measure of centrality because it takes into account the neighbouring nodes’ level of importance. The Louvain clustering method was found to be more effective than the Girvan–Newman method. The Louvain algorithm divided the project communication network into three communities, in which the participants are interconnected by the technological processes and the work performed. A hypothetical example is presented of how the clustering technique can be used to improve project communication. Adding a ‘Project Manager Assistant’ was selected for addition, and assumptions made to demonstrate how the load might be reduced and effectiveness assessed. These methods of assessing centrality and clustering show potential in project management to analyse a real communication network and when making managerial decisions.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":"93 1","pages":"145 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90076400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-05DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2021.1893310
M. Jafari, R. Fazloula, M. Effati, Ali Akbar Jamali
ABSTRACT The present study implemented an integrative approach facilitated by the developed model called ‘the location-based model of sustainable-development-of-energy' to select the optimal location for deploying Run-of-River (RoR) hydropower plants in Fomanat plain, Gilan, Iran. The suggested model was developed based on a geospatial information system (GIS) and multi-criteria-decision-making (MCDM) methods. A best-worst method (BWM) was further applied to weigh the criteria and calculate a land suitability index (LSI) to evaluate the potential sites. The results were grouped into five categories from the ‘least suitable' to the ‘optimal' based on LSI. Finally, the potential power generation by RoR hydropower plants was estimated for each river in the output suitable areas from the model after validating the result by the field survey process. Accordingly, 0.44% (19.15 km2) of the study area was optimal for deploying RoR hydropower plants, and the results had the highest infrastructure, geographical, and economic potentials due to the aspects of the model. Furthermore, the results indicated that installing RoR hydropower plant facilities in the Fomanat plain produce an average of 4371 KWH per month, which suffices to meet the residential need of more than 12,000 households.
{"title":"Providing a GIS-based framework for Run-Of-River hydropower site selection: a model based on sustainable development energy approach","authors":"M. Jafari, R. Fazloula, M. Effati, Ali Akbar Jamali","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2021.1893310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2021.1893310","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study implemented an integrative approach facilitated by the developed model called ‘the location-based model of sustainable-development-of-energy' to select the optimal location for deploying Run-of-River (RoR) hydropower plants in Fomanat plain, Gilan, Iran. The suggested model was developed based on a geospatial information system (GIS) and multi-criteria-decision-making (MCDM) methods. A best-worst method (BWM) was further applied to weigh the criteria and calculate a land suitability index (LSI) to evaluate the potential sites. The results were grouped into five categories from the ‘least suitable' to the ‘optimal' based on LSI. Finally, the potential power generation by RoR hydropower plants was estimated for each river in the output suitable areas from the model after validating the result by the field survey process. Accordingly, 0.44% (19.15 km2) of the study area was optimal for deploying RoR hydropower plants, and the results had the highest infrastructure, geographical, and economic potentials due to the aspects of the model. Furthermore, the results indicated that installing RoR hydropower plant facilities in the Fomanat plain produce an average of 4371 KWH per month, which suffices to meet the residential need of more than 12,000 households.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"102 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88892254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-28DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2021.1890045
H. Hasalanka, C. Siriwardana, Devmini Kularatne, W. Dias
ABSTRACT The structural robustness of buildings in a hospital contributes significantly to its overall robustness. This study describes the development of a structural robustness assessment tool with a focus on natural hazards using a Rapid Visual Screening method. First, robustness attributes were identified, along with well-defined assessment criteria. Then the relative importance of each attribute was obtained through expert opinion surveys using a pairwise comparison method following the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This led to the defining of a Structural Robustness Index (SRI), using the well-established Papathoma Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment (PTVA) method as a guide, but deviating significantly from it when necessary. The tool was applied in a case study for assessing the tsunami robustness of buildings in six hospitals. Results showed that SRI is a better index of robustness compared to the PTVA, both because it yields a greater index range across the buildings assessed, and also because it signals as robust, structural forms that are well known to be so. The construction material and number of storeys were found to be the most significant building attributes responsible for variations in the SRI, while shielding from surrounding buildings and protection from natural barriers the most significant surroundings attributes.
{"title":"Development of a Structural Robustness Index against tsunamis for hospitals","authors":"H. Hasalanka, C. Siriwardana, Devmini Kularatne, W. Dias","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2021.1890045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2021.1890045","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The structural robustness of buildings in a hospital contributes significantly to its overall robustness. This study describes the development of a structural robustness assessment tool with a focus on natural hazards using a Rapid Visual Screening method. First, robustness attributes were identified, along with well-defined assessment criteria. Then the relative importance of each attribute was obtained through expert opinion surveys using a pairwise comparison method following the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This led to the defining of a Structural Robustness Index (SRI), using the well-established Papathoma Tsunami Vulnerability Assessment (PTVA) method as a guide, but deviating significantly from it when necessary. The tool was applied in a case study for assessing the tsunami robustness of buildings in six hospitals. Results showed that SRI is a better index of robustness compared to the PTVA, both because it yields a greater index range across the buildings assessed, and also because it signals as robust, structural forms that are well known to be so. The construction material and number of storeys were found to be the most significant building attributes responsible for variations in the SRI, while shielding from surrounding buildings and protection from natural barriers the most significant surroundings attributes.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":"47 1","pages":"85 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90229318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2021.1895126
Deming Zhu, Yaohan Li, You Dong
ABSTRACT This paper proposes a comprehensive analysis framework, combining three-dimensional (3D) numerical modelling and metamodeling, to investigate the probabilistic performance of retrofit actions on coastal bridges subjected to extreme wave forces. Specifically, a 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model is developed to calculate extreme wave load on the bridge superstructure. The established 3D model is validated by laboratory experiments. The characteristics of wave forces are parametrically investigated, and an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) metamodel is utilised to quantify the loading effects with multiple surge and wave parameters. Such a numerical-based ANN metamodel could predict wave forces under variable scenarios accurately, and significantly reduce the high computational cost of the 3D numerical model. Based on the numerical and metamodeling results, the bridge fragility curve is derived by considering uncertainties associated with structural demand, capacity, and hurricane hazard. Long-term failure risk is assessed under different climate change scenarios. Furthermore, different retrofit methods to improve structural performance and reduce failure risk are examined according to the proposed framework, including inserting air venting holes, enhancing connection strengths, and elevating bridge structures. The proposed framework could facilitate the optimal and robust design and maintenance of coastal infrastructures under hurricane effects in a long-term time interval.
{"title":"Reliability-based retrofit assessment of coastal bridges subjected to wave forces using 3D CFD simulation and metamodeling","authors":"Deming Zhu, Yaohan Li, You Dong","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2021.1895126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2021.1895126","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper proposes a comprehensive analysis framework, combining three-dimensional (3D) numerical modelling and metamodeling, to investigate the probabilistic performance of retrofit actions on coastal bridges subjected to extreme wave forces. Specifically, a 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model is developed to calculate extreme wave load on the bridge superstructure. The established 3D model is validated by laboratory experiments. The characteristics of wave forces are parametrically investigated, and an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) metamodel is utilised to quantify the loading effects with multiple surge and wave parameters. Such a numerical-based ANN metamodel could predict wave forces under variable scenarios accurately, and significantly reduce the high computational cost of the 3D numerical model. Based on the numerical and metamodeling results, the bridge fragility curve is derived by considering uncertainties associated with structural demand, capacity, and hurricane hazard. Long-term failure risk is assessed under different climate change scenarios. Furthermore, different retrofit methods to improve structural performance and reduce failure risk are examined according to the proposed framework, including inserting air venting holes, enhancing connection strengths, and elevating bridge structures. The proposed framework could facilitate the optimal and robust design and maintenance of coastal infrastructures under hurricane effects in a long-term time interval.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":"5 1","pages":"59 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90420090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2021.1887155
Charlotte Brown, Josh L. Hayes, M. Milke
ABSTRACT Traditional disaster response plans are struggling to adapt to the increasingly complex, unique, and uncertain disaster impacts. Decision-making under deep uncertainty suggests the consideration of decision trigger points and adaptive processes to develop plans that are flexible for any oncoming challenge. Two disaster response planning situations are examined here: disaster waste management, and volcanic eruption clean-up. Both of these are examined in terms of how we can use adaptive processes to develop flexible plans oriented around key decision drivers. The indicators developed show that orienting plans around both hazard-centric drivers (level of earthquake shaking, ashfall depth) and impact-oriented descriptors (number of displaced people, hazard of waste) offer several benefits. Coupling the development of impact-oriented descriptors with scenario discovery and scenario planning will help disaster planners to identify key decisions, decision criteria and triggers that can be built into the planning process.
{"title":"Planning to adapt: identifying key decision drivers in disaster response planning","authors":"Charlotte Brown, Josh L. Hayes, M. Milke","doi":"10.1080/10286608.2021.1887155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10286608.2021.1887155","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Traditional disaster response plans are struggling to adapt to the increasingly complex, unique, and uncertain disaster impacts. Decision-making under deep uncertainty suggests the consideration of decision trigger points and adaptive processes to develop plans that are flexible for any oncoming challenge. Two disaster response planning situations are examined here: disaster waste management, and volcanic eruption clean-up. Both of these are examined in terms of how we can use adaptive processes to develop flexible plans oriented around key decision drivers. The indicators developed show that orienting plans around both hazard-centric drivers (level of earthquake shaking, ashfall depth) and impact-oriented descriptors (number of displaced people, hazard of waste) offer several benefits. Coupling the development of impact-oriented descriptors with scenario discovery and scenario planning will help disaster planners to identify key decisions, decision criteria and triggers that can be built into the planning process.","PeriodicalId":50689,"journal":{"name":"Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems","volume":"53 1","pages":"20 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77195487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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