{"title":"Physicochemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Thermal Healing Spring Waters in the Districts of Varna and Burgas, Black Sea Region, Bulgaria","authors":"","doi":"10.13187/ejm.2019.2.120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ejm.2019.2.120","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50709,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Medicine","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79284175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of Electromagnetic Fields over DNA Hydrogen Bonds of Hamsters with Implanted Graffi Tumor","authors":"","doi":"10.13187/ejm.2019.2.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ejm.2019.2.92","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50709,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Medicine","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88828972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-30DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD012777.pub2
Daniel J Van Hoving, Rulan Griesel, Graeme Meintjes, Yemisi Takwoingi, Gary Maartens, Eleanor A Ochodo
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis in people living with HIV is difficult. HIV-positive individuals have higher rates of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and the diagnosis of tuberculosis is often limited to imaging results. Ultrasound is such an imaging test that is widely used as a diagnostic tool (including point-of-care) in people suspected of having abdominal tuberculosis or disseminated tuberculosis with abdominal involvement.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the diagnostic accuracy of abdominal ultrasound for detecting abdominal tuberculosis or disseminated tuberculosis with abdominal involvement in HIV-positive individuals.To investigate potential sources of heterogeneity in test accuracy, including clinical setting, ultrasound training level, and type of reference standard.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>We searched for publications in any language up to 4 April 2019 in the following databases: MEDLINE, Embase, BIOSIS, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Conference Proceedings Citation Index- Science (CPCI-S), and also ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform to identify ongoing trials.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>We included cross-sectional, cohort, and diagnostic case-control studies (prospective and retrospective) that compared the result of the index test (abdominal ultrasound) with one of the reference standards. We only included studies that allowed for extraction of numbers of true positives (TPs), true negatives (TNs), false positives (FPs), and false negatives (FNs). Participants were HIV-positive individuals aged 15 years and older. A higher-quality reference standard was the bacteriological confirmation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from any clinical specimen, and a lower-quality reference standard was a clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis without microbiological confirmation. We excluded genitourinary tuberculosis.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>For each study, two review authors independently extracted data using a standardized form. We assessed the quality of studies using a tailored Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. We used the bivariate model to estimate pooled sensitivity and specificity. When studies were few we simplified the bivariate model to separate univariate random-effects logistic regression models for sensitivity and specificity. We explored the influence of the type of reference standard on the accuracy estimates by conducting separate analyses for each type of reference standard. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE approach.</p><p><strong>Main results: </strong>We included 11 studies. The risks of bias and concern about applicability were often high or unclear in all domains. We included six studies in the main analyses of any abnormal finding on abdominal ultrasound; five studies
背景艾滋病病毒感染者结核病的准确诊断是困难的。HIV阳性个体有较高的肺外结核发病率，而结核病的诊断往往局限于影像学结果。超声就是这样一种影像学检查，在怀疑患有腹部结核或伴有腹部累及的播散性结核的人群中被广泛用作诊断工具(包括护理点)。目的探讨腹部超声对HIV阳性患者腹部结核或弥散性结核累及腹部的诊断准确性。研究检测准确性异质性的潜在来源，包括临床环境、超声培训水平和参考标准类型。我们在以下数据库中检索了截至2019年4月4日的任何语言的出版物:MEDLINE、Embase、BIOSIS、Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI‐Expanded)、Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI)、Conference Proceedings Citation Index‐Science (CPCI‐S)，以及ClinicalTrials.gov和WHO国际临床试验注册平台，以确定正在进行的试验。我们纳入了横断面、队列和诊断病例对照研究(前瞻性和回顾性)，这些研究将指标试验(腹部超声)的结果与其中一个参考标准进行了比较。我们只纳入了允许提取真阳性(TPs)、真阴性(TNs)、假阳性(FPs)和假阴性(FNs)数量的研究。参与者为年龄在15岁及以上的HIV阳性个体。较高质量的参考标准是来自任何临床标本的结核分枝杆菌细菌学确认，较低质量的参考标准是未经微生物学确认的结核病临床诊断。我们排除了泌尿生殖系统结核。数据收集和分析对于每项研究，两位综述作者使用标准化表格独立提取数据。我们使用定制的诊断准确性研究质量评估‐2 (QUADAS‐2)工具评估研究的质量。我们使用双变量模型来估计合并敏感性和特异性。当研究较少时，我们简化了双变量模型，以分离单变量随机效应逻辑回归模型的敏感性和特异性。我们通过对每种标准品进行单独分析，探讨了标准品类型对准确度估计的影响。我们使用GRADE方法评估证据的确定性。我们纳入了11项研究。在所有领域中，偏见的风险和对适用性的关注往往很高或不明确。我们在主要分析腹部超声异常发现时纳入了6项研究;五项研究仅报道了个别病变。任何异常发现的6项研究都是横断面或队列研究。其中五项(83%)在低收入或中等收入国家进行，一项在高收入国家进行。接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的参与者比例为零(1项研究)，少于50%(4项研究)，超过50%(1项研究)，未报道(5项研究)。第一个主要分析，使用更高质量参考标准(细菌学确认)的研究，总灵敏度为63%(95%置信区间(CI) 43%至79%;5项研究，368名受试者;极低确定性证据)，合并特异性为68% (95% CI 42%至87%;5项研究，511名参与者;极低确定性证据)。如果将结果应用于1000名艾滋病毒感染者的假设队列，其中200人(20%)患有结核病，则:‐约382人的超声结果表明患有结核病;其中，256例(67%)将被错误地归类为结核病(假阳性)。‐在618例结果显示没有结核病的个体中，74例(12%)被错误地归类为没有结核病(假阴性)。在第二个主要分析中，涉及使用较低质量参考标准(临床诊断)的研究，合并敏感性为68% (95% CI为45%至85%;4项研究，195名受试者;非常低确定性证据)，合并特异性为73% (95% CI 41%至91%;4项研究，202名受试者;极低确定性证据)。作者的结论:在被认为患有腹部结核或伴有腹部累及的播散性结核的HIV阳性个体中，当细菌学证实患有结核病时，腹部超声似乎具有63%的敏感性和68%的特异性。这些估计是基于有限的、变化的和低确定性的数据。 腹部超声的灵敏度较低，这意味着临床医生不应该用阴性检测结果来排除疾病，而应该将该结果与其他诊断策略（包括临床症状、胸部 X 光、侧流尿液脂联素甘露聚糖检测（LF-LAM）和 Xpert MTB/RIF）结合起来考虑。将该检验纳入结核病诊断算法的研究将有助于更准确地界定其在诊断腹部结核病或腹部受累的播散性结核病方面的价值。
{"title":"Abdominal ultrasound for diagnosing abdominal tuberculosis or disseminated tuberculosis with abdominal involvement in HIV-positive individuals.","authors":"Daniel J Van Hoving, Rulan Griesel, Graeme Meintjes, Yemisi Takwoingi, Gary Maartens, Eleanor A Ochodo","doi":"10.1002/14651858.CD012777.pub2","DOIUrl":"10.1002/14651858.CD012777.pub2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis in people living with HIV is difficult. HIV-positive individuals have higher rates of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and the diagnosis of tuberculosis is often limited to imaging results. Ultrasound is such an imaging test that is widely used as a diagnostic tool (including point-of-care) in people suspected of having abdominal tuberculosis or disseminated tuberculosis with abdominal involvement.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the diagnostic accuracy of abdominal ultrasound for detecting abdominal tuberculosis or disseminated tuberculosis with abdominal involvement in HIV-positive individuals.To investigate potential sources of heterogeneity in test accuracy, including clinical setting, ultrasound training level, and type of reference standard.</p><p><strong>Search methods: </strong>We searched for publications in any language up to 4 April 2019 in the following databases: MEDLINE, Embase, BIOSIS, Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Conference Proceedings Citation Index- Science (CPCI-S), and also ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform to identify ongoing trials.</p><p><strong>Selection criteria: </strong>We included cross-sectional, cohort, and diagnostic case-control studies (prospective and retrospective) that compared the result of the index test (abdominal ultrasound) with one of the reference standards. We only included studies that allowed for extraction of numbers of true positives (TPs), true negatives (TNs), false positives (FPs), and false negatives (FNs). Participants were HIV-positive individuals aged 15 years and older. A higher-quality reference standard was the bacteriological confirmation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from any clinical specimen, and a lower-quality reference standard was a clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis without microbiological confirmation. We excluded genitourinary tuberculosis.</p><p><strong>Data collection and analysis: </strong>For each study, two review authors independently extracted data using a standardized form. We assessed the quality of studies using a tailored Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool. We used the bivariate model to estimate pooled sensitivity and specificity. When studies were few we simplified the bivariate model to separate univariate random-effects logistic regression models for sensitivity and specificity. We explored the influence of the type of reference standard on the accuracy estimates by conducting separate analyses for each type of reference standard. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE approach.</p><p><strong>Main results: </strong>We included 11 studies. The risks of bias and concern about applicability were often high or unclear in all domains. We included six studies in the main analyses of any abnormal finding on abdominal ultrasound; five studies ","PeriodicalId":50709,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":"CD012777"},"PeriodicalIF":8.4,"publicationDate":"2019-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6766789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90818524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Ignatov, Christos Drossinakis, R. Toshkova, E. Zvetkova
The paper describes the results of a pilot study aimed at the investigation of the influence of catholyte (electrolyzed alkaline water) on the development of tumors. In the experiments solid Graffi tumor was transplanted subcutaneously in the back of the experimental group of Golden Syrian hamsters. Tumor appearance and growth were registered every day. Blood parameters were measured on the 10th and 25th day after transplantation and blood smears were prepared. Hamsters treated with catholyte developed tumor with some delay compared to untreated (drinking tap water) ones. Also, the tumor growth was slow and the survival rate was increased. The analysis of blood parameters and cell morphology has shown significant differences in the value of some hematometric parameters and morphological changes of some blood cells. The obtained results suggest about the beneficial influence of catholyte and the possible use of it as a supporting non-invasive therapy of cancer diseases. Keywords: ORP: Oxidation Reduction Potential; AST: Average Survival Time; WBCs/LR: White Blood Cells to Lymphocyte Ratio; NLR: Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio; TILs: Tumor-Infiltration Cells
{"title":"Effects of Catholyte Water on the Development of Experimental Graffi Tumor on Hamsters","authors":"I. Ignatov, Christos Drossinakis, R. Toshkova, E. Zvetkova","doi":"10.13187/ejm.2019.1.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ejm.2019.1.45","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes the results of a pilot study aimed at the investigation of the influence of catholyte (electrolyzed\u0000alkaline water) on the development of tumors. In the experiments solid Graffi tumor was transplanted subcutaneously in\u0000the back of the experimental group of Golden Syrian hamsters. Tumor appearance and growth were registered every day.\u0000Blood parameters were measured on the 10th and 25th day after transplantation and blood smears were prepared.\u0000Hamsters treated with catholyte developed tumor with some delay compared to untreated (drinking tap water) ones.\u0000Also, the tumor growth was slow and the survival rate was increased. The analysis of blood parameters and cell\u0000morphology has shown significant differences in the value of some hematometric parameters and morphological changes\u0000of some blood cells. The obtained results suggest about the beneficial influence of catholyte and the possible use of it as a\u0000supporting non-invasive therapy of cancer diseases.\u0000Keywords: ORP: Oxidation Reduction Potential; AST: Average Survival Time; WBCs/LR: White Blood Cells to\u0000Lymphocyte Ratio; NLR: Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio; TILs: Tumor-Infiltration Cells","PeriodicalId":50709,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75541862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Drug Interactions of Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) involving CYP and UGT Enzymes","authors":"","doi":"10.13187/ejm.2019.1.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ejm.2019.1.30","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50709,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84920753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Traditional Herbal Therapy for Some Cardiovascular Diseases in Bulgaria","authors":"","doi":"10.13187/ejm.2019.1.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ejm.2019.1.57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50709,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Medicine","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81839281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Prospective Observational Study on Assessment of Adverse Drug Reactions in Patients taking First Line Antitubercular Drugs at Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Nellore","authors":"","doi":"10.13187/ejm.2019.1.35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ejm.2019.1.35","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50709,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74153587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Methods for Research of Effects of Device ABIEM. Applications","authors":"","doi":"10.13187/ejm.2019.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ejm.2019.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50709,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Medicine","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87582699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Roots and Mechanisms of Oncology","authors":"","doi":"10.13187/ejm.2019.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13187/ejm.2019.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50709,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Medicine","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73774672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：