The discovery of RNA interference (RNAi) and its role in gene silencing has revolutionized the study of genetics. In this study, we utilized Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) to demonstrate the effects of RNAi in an undergraduate laboratory setting. Specifically, we targeted the unc-22 gene, responsible for coding the 'twitchin' protein which affects muscle coordination in C. elegans. By employing the L4440 vector, we inserted the unc22 gene into E.coli cells and then induced the production of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting unc-22 using IPTG. Feeding the C. elegans with these dsRNA-expressed E.coli resulted in a 'twitcher' phenotype, indicative of the unc-22 gene knockdown. This streamlined project offered students not only hands-on molecular experimentation but also experience in data analysis of worm movement. Moreover, through gel electrophoresis and bacterial transformation, students observed the nuances of RNAi machinery in action. The study reaffirms the importance of using C. elegans as a model organism for genetics and evolution studies and offers an experiential learning platform for students to understand the fundamental mechanisms of gene silencing.
{"title":"Using dsRNA Targeting unc-22 to Demonstrate Gene Knockdown Phenotypes in C.elegans in the Undergraduate Biology Lab Setting","authors":"Ruoyi Wang","doi":"10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.05","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of RNA interference (RNAi) and its role in gene silencing has revolutionized the study of genetics. In this study, we utilized Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) to demonstrate the effects of RNAi in an undergraduate laboratory setting. Specifically, we targeted the unc-22 gene, responsible for coding the 'twitchin' protein which affects muscle coordination in C. elegans. By employing the L4440 vector, we inserted the unc22 gene into E.coli cells and then induced the production of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting unc-22 using IPTG. Feeding the C. elegans with these dsRNA-expressed E.coli resulted in a 'twitcher' phenotype, indicative of the unc-22 gene knockdown. This streamlined project offered students not only hands-on molecular experimentation but also experience in data analysis of worm movement. Moreover, through gel electrophoresis and bacterial transformation, students observed the nuances of RNAi machinery in action. The study reaffirms the importance of using C. elegans as a model organism for genetics and evolution studies and offers an experiential learning platform for students to understand the fundamental mechanisms of gene silencing.","PeriodicalId":507854,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139250310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
External treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are characterized by holistic philosophy, evidence-based treatment, symptomatic and fundamental treatment, comprehensive regulation, safeness and effectiveness, which provide new ideas and methods for clinical treatment. However, the external treatment methods of Chinese medicine still need to be further studied and improved in order to better serve the patients. This paper analyzes the advantages of external Chinese medicine applied in the treatment of pediatric asthma through a brief introduction of external Chinese medicine and its characteristics, combined with the pathogenesis of pediatric asthma, and on this basis proposes some specific application methods, providing certain reference for the treatment of pediatric asthma.
{"title":"Progress of Research on External Treatment Methods of Pediatric Asthma in Chinese Medicine","authors":"Danyue Shao","doi":"10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.06","url":null,"abstract":"External treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) are characterized by holistic philosophy, evidence-based treatment, symptomatic and fundamental treatment, comprehensive regulation, safeness and effectiveness, which provide new ideas and methods for clinical treatment. However, the external treatment methods of Chinese medicine still need to be further studied and improved in order to better serve the patients. This paper analyzes the advantages of external Chinese medicine applied in the treatment of pediatric asthma through a brief introduction of external Chinese medicine and its characteristics, combined with the pathogenesis of pediatric asthma, and on this basis proposes some specific application methods, providing certain reference for the treatment of pediatric asthma.","PeriodicalId":507854,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139247195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The implementation of the comprehensive rural revitalization strategy is fundamentally about people who are committed to doing a good job in the three rural areas, so agricultural science and technology talents are the first resource, and new professional farmers are the backbone. The shortage of talents has been one of the main factors restricting the revitalization of the countryside. For this reason, it is necessary to pay great attention to the cultivation of new professional farmers, return to the professional attributes of farmers and promote the process of farmers' professionalization. In order to promote the revitalization of rural talents and tap more agricultural talents, we analyze the real dilemma of cultivating new professional farmers, analyze the new demand for talent cultivation in the rural revitalization strategy, clarify the types and positioning of talent cultivation, reveal the cultivation mechanism of new professional farmers, and propose the optimal way of cultivation path as a crucial step to promote traditional farmers to complete the modernization transformation, so as to provide intellectual support and talents for the comprehensive rural revitalization. It also suggests that the optimization of cultivation paths is a crucial step to promote the modernization and transformation of traditional farmers and provide intellectual support and talent guarantee for the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas.
{"title":"Exploration of Cultivation Path of New Professional Farmers in Lizhuang Town in the Context of Rural Revitalization","authors":"Menghan Tian","doi":"10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.15","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of the comprehensive rural revitalization strategy is fundamentally about people who are committed to doing a good job in the three rural areas, so agricultural science and technology talents are the first resource, and new professional farmers are the backbone. The shortage of talents has been one of the main factors restricting the revitalization of the countryside. For this reason, it is necessary to pay great attention to the cultivation of new professional farmers, return to the professional attributes of farmers and promote the process of farmers' professionalization. In order to promote the revitalization of rural talents and tap more agricultural talents, we analyze the real dilemma of cultivating new professional farmers, analyze the new demand for talent cultivation in the rural revitalization strategy, clarify the types and positioning of talent cultivation, reveal the cultivation mechanism of new professional farmers, and propose the optimal way of cultivation path as a crucial step to promote traditional farmers to complete the modernization transformation, so as to provide intellectual support and talents for the comprehensive rural revitalization. It also suggests that the optimization of cultivation paths is a crucial step to promote the modernization and transformation of traditional farmers and provide intellectual support and talent guarantee for the comprehensive revitalization of rural areas.","PeriodicalId":507854,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139250180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
According to the research of the Amblyopinae of China, a new genus emerged with only one species. The characteristics of the neotypes are described in detail, with the key to distinguish of the key to distinguish the genus and species of Amblyopinae. The new genus could be distinguished according to the following characteristics, head covered with scales, belly scaleless, mouth sub-superior, latitudinally high tail, first two pterygiophores of the second dorsal fin not separated, medium vertebral counts, and other external and internal characteristics. The characteristics of the new genus Pseudobrachyamblyopus and the genus Brachyamblyopus were always blurred together, and they are clarified in this paper, too. The neotypes are inferred to live in seas only. It is conjectured that it couldn’t live in freshwater, given that all the neotypes are found far apart from estuaries. In this paper, the taxonomy of the new genus is roughly discussed according to its macroscopic character, while more molecular biological evidence is needed to establish a clearer base of the new species in order to put it onto an accurate location in the taxonomic tree. Besides, a restock of the coloration of Odontamblyopus lacepedii is given according to the specimens from the China Seas and previous descriptions.
{"title":"Review of the Subfamily Amblyopinae, with a Cryptic New Genus and Species Named Pseudobrachyamblyopus odontamblyopsis gen. et sp. nov. from Southeastern China","authors":"Ming Ba","doi":"10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.13","url":null,"abstract":"According to the research of the Amblyopinae of China, a new genus emerged with only one species. The characteristics of the neotypes are described in detail, with the key to distinguish of the key to distinguish the genus and species of Amblyopinae. The new genus could be distinguished according to the following characteristics, head covered with scales, belly scaleless, mouth sub-superior, latitudinally high tail, first two pterygiophores of the second dorsal fin not separated, medium vertebral counts, and other external and internal characteristics. The characteristics of the new genus Pseudobrachyamblyopus and the genus Brachyamblyopus were always blurred together, and they are clarified in this paper, too. The neotypes are inferred to live in seas only. It is conjectured that it couldn’t live in freshwater, given that all the neotypes are found far apart from estuaries. In this paper, the taxonomy of the new genus is roughly discussed according to its macroscopic character, while more molecular biological evidence is needed to establish a clearer base of the new species in order to put it onto an accurate location in the taxonomic tree. Besides, a restock of the coloration of Odontamblyopus lacepedii is given according to the specimens from the China Seas and previous descriptions.","PeriodicalId":507854,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139247313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in China, and its pathogenesis is related to many molecular signaling pathways and related factors. The more critical molecular pathways include MET pathway, PI3K / AKT pathway, and MAPK pathway. In addition, the EGFR family and factors related to tumor angiogenesis are also important factors, which are closely related to tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. The results of the study will provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of gastric cancer and lay the groundwork for the development of new gastric cancer drugs. On this basis, a variety of molecular targeted drugs have entered the clinical trial stage, among which, trastuzumab and apatinib have shown good efficacy. This paper summarizes the molecular pathogenesis of gastric cancer, and summarizes the mechanism of action, combination chemotherapy and research progress of trastuzumab and apatinib, so as to provide reference for future research on targeted therapy for gastric cancer.
胃癌是中国最常见的癌症之一，其发病机制与多种分子信号通路及相关因素有关。比较关键的分子通路包括 MET 通路、PI3K / AKT 通路和 MAPK 通路。此外，表皮生长因子受体（EGFR）家族和肿瘤血管生成相关因子也是重要因素，与肿瘤细胞增殖、凋亡和转移密切相关。研究结果将为胃癌的治疗提供新的思路和方法，为胃癌新药的研发奠定基础。在此基础上，多种分子靶向药物已进入临床试验阶段，其中曲妥珠单抗和阿帕替尼已显示出良好的疗效。本文概述了胃癌的分子发病机制，总结了曲妥珠单抗和阿帕替尼的作用机制、联合化疗及研究进展，为今后胃癌靶向治疗的研究提供参考。
{"title":"Progress in the Design of Molecular Targeted Drugs for Gastric Cancer","authors":"Yuxi Wang","doi":"10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.08","url":null,"abstract":"Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in China, and its pathogenesis is related to many molecular signaling pathways and related factors. The more critical molecular pathways include MET pathway, PI3K / AKT pathway, and MAPK pathway. In addition, the EGFR family and factors related to tumor angiogenesis are also important factors, which are closely related to tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. The results of the study will provide new ideas and methods for the treatment of gastric cancer and lay the groundwork for the development of new gastric cancer drugs. On this basis, a variety of molecular targeted drugs have entered the clinical trial stage, among which, trastuzumab and apatinib have shown good efficacy. This paper summarizes the molecular pathogenesis of gastric cancer, and summarizes the mechanism of action, combination chemotherapy and research progress of trastuzumab and apatinib, so as to provide reference for future research on targeted therapy for gastric cancer.","PeriodicalId":507854,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
On the basis of literature combing and focus group interviews, the qualitative research method was applied and coding techniques were employed to identify the main influencing factors on the quality of life of the elderly in the community in Mianyang City, i.e., integrated health and medical care management, social life and interpersonal relationships, living environment and convenience, lifestyle and vitality, and mental health and emotional experience, by means of open coding, spindle coding and selective coding. The findings of the study have important theoretical significance practical value for the improvement of the quality of life of community-dwelling older people in Mianyang City.
{"title":"A Qualitative Study on Quality of Life on Elderly in Community in Mianyang City, China","authors":"Nijia Yue, Lim Gek Mui","doi":"10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.16","url":null,"abstract":"On the basis of literature combing and focus group interviews, the qualitative research method was applied and coding techniques were employed to identify the main influencing factors on the quality of life of the elderly in the community in Mianyang City, i.e., integrated health and medical care management, social life and interpersonal relationships, living environment and convenience, lifestyle and vitality, and mental health and emotional experience, by means of open coding, spindle coding and selective coding. The findings of the study have important theoretical significance practical value for the improvement of the quality of life of community-dwelling older people in Mianyang City.","PeriodicalId":507854,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective The study is to explore the willingness of medical college students to donate blood and its influencing factors, to provide scientific basis for improving the rate of unpaid blood donation. Methods The electronic questionnaire was distributed by random sampling, and its influence on blood donation willingness was investigated from four aspects: external promoting factors, internal promoting factors, external hindering factors and internal hindering factors. The differences and influencing factors among college students with different willingness to donate blood were analyzed. Results A total of 1047 valid questionnaires were collected. There were more male volunteers with blood donation willingness than girls (67.6% vs 61.5% P < 0.05), and there were differences among lower, middle and higher grades (68.1%, 66.2% and 58.8%). Willing college students whose family members had more blood donation experience than those with no blood donation desire (55.0% vs 72.7% P < 0.01). Positive factors of willingness to donate blood include family members who have the experience of blood donation, thinking that blood donation is pleasant, thinking that blood donation is the duty and responsibility of citizens, the support of family and friends. Negative factors of willingness to donate blood are grade and fear of pain during blood donation (P < 0.05). Conclusion According to the characteristics and needs of college students, we should carry out voluntary blood donation education, promote college students to actively participate in unpaid blood donation, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of unpaid blood donation career.
摘要】 目的 探讨医科大学学生献血意愿及其影响因素，为提高无偿献血率提供科学依据。方法 采用随机抽样的方法发放电子问卷，从外部促进因素、内部促进因素、外部阻碍因素和内部阻碍因素四个方面探究其对献血意愿的影响。分析了不同献血意愿大学生之间的差异及影响因素。结果 共回收有效问卷 1047 份。有献血意愿的男生多于女生（67.6% vs 61.5% P < 0.05），低、中、高年级之间有差异（68.1%、66.2%和58.8%）。家庭成员有献血经历的有献血意愿的大学生比没有献血意愿的大学生多（55.0% vs 72.7% P < 0.01）。献血意愿的积极因素包括家庭成员有献血经历、认为献血是件愉快的事、认为献血是公民的义务和责任、家人和朋友的支持。献血意愿的消极因素是等级和害怕献血时的疼痛（P<0.05）。结论 根据大学生的特点和需求，开展大学生自愿无偿献血教育，促进大学生积极参与无偿献血，推动无偿献血事业持续健康发展。
{"title":"Study on Blood Donation Willingness and Influencing Factors of College Students in a Medical College","authors":"Maoying Yang, Jingyi Cai, Jinli Bi, Kewei Chen, Yuchun Guo, Hengming Ye","doi":"10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.03","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The study is to explore the willingness of medical college students to donate blood and its influencing factors, to provide scientific basis for improving the rate of unpaid blood donation. Methods The electronic questionnaire was distributed by random sampling, and its influence on blood donation willingness was investigated from four aspects: external promoting factors, internal promoting factors, external hindering factors and internal hindering factors. The differences and influencing factors among college students with different willingness to donate blood were analyzed. Results A total of 1047 valid questionnaires were collected. There were more male volunteers with blood donation willingness than girls (67.6% vs 61.5% P < 0.05), and there were differences among lower, middle and higher grades (68.1%, 66.2% and 58.8%). Willing college students whose family members had more blood donation experience than those with no blood donation desire (55.0% vs 72.7% P < 0.01). Positive factors of willingness to donate blood include family members who have the experience of blood donation, thinking that blood donation is pleasant, thinking that blood donation is the duty and responsibility of citizens, the support of family and friends. Negative factors of willingness to donate blood are grade and fear of pain during blood donation (P < 0.05). Conclusion According to the characteristics and needs of college students, we should carry out voluntary blood donation education, promote college students to actively participate in unpaid blood donation, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of unpaid blood donation career.","PeriodicalId":507854,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139247659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes is a metabolic infection portrayed by hyperglycemia, including type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, as well as extraordinary twofold diabetes and gestational diabetes, and it will be accompanied by a variety of complications, which will bring great pain to patients. As of now, there are an enormous number of diabetic patients on the planet, and the quantity of diabetic patients is developing quickly, and it has gradually become younger, which has become a very serious public health problem, so how to work on the counteraction and treatment of diabetes is a vital issue. However, one of the major difficulties in the treatment of diabetes is that it can only control the disease, but it cannot be completely cured. Agaricus blazei Murill is a kind of medicinal mushroom. At present, it is found to be rich in many bioactive substances, and it can be used for adjuvant treatment of many diseases. It is also a potential drug to improve the adjuvant treatment of diabetes. If it can stably produce beneficial glucose metabolism such as lowering blood sugar, it will greatly improve the situation of diabetic patients. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the pathogenesis of diabetes and the existing literature research on Agaricus blazei polysaccharide, and to clarify the specific role of Agaricus blazei polysaccharide in diabetic blood sugar and the related mechanism of Agaricus blazei polysaccharide in improving blood sugar in diabetic patients.
{"title":"Research Progress of Agaricus blazei Polysaccharide on Blood Sugar in Diabetic Patients","authors":"Zibing Wei","doi":"10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.11","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is a metabolic infection portrayed by hyperglycemia, including type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, as well as extraordinary twofold diabetes and gestational diabetes, and it will be accompanied by a variety of complications, which will bring great pain to patients. As of now, there are an enormous number of diabetic patients on the planet, and the quantity of diabetic patients is developing quickly, and it has gradually become younger, which has become a very serious public health problem, so how to work on the counteraction and treatment of diabetes is a vital issue. However, one of the major difficulties in the treatment of diabetes is that it can only control the disease, but it cannot be completely cured. Agaricus blazei Murill is a kind of medicinal mushroom. At present, it is found to be rich in many bioactive substances, and it can be used for adjuvant treatment of many diseases. It is also a potential drug to improve the adjuvant treatment of diabetes. If it can stably produce beneficial glucose metabolism such as lowering blood sugar, it will greatly improve the situation of diabetic patients. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the pathogenesis of diabetes and the existing literature research on Agaricus blazei polysaccharide, and to clarify the specific role of Agaricus blazei polysaccharide in diabetic blood sugar and the related mechanism of Agaricus blazei polysaccharide in improving blood sugar in diabetic patients.","PeriodicalId":507854,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"ATP-induced cell death" is a novel form of cellular demise identified since 1991, typically characterized by a substantial accumulation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the activation of ATP membrane receptors during the cell death process. The perturbation of ATP homeostasis is intricately linked to mitochondrial function. In recent years, ATP-induced cell death (AICD) has emerged as a discernible pattern of cell demise attributed to heightened levels of extracellular ATP (eATP). This phenomenon is intimately associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning a plethora of maladies, including malignancies, neurodegenerative disorders, ischemia-reperfusion injury, renal impairment, and hematological conditions. The strategic modulation of ATP-induced cell death to mitigate the onset and progression of these related diseases has garnered significant attention and stands as a focal point in etiological research and therapeutic interventions. Nevertheless, the functional alterations and precise molecular mechanisms governing ATP-induced cell death demand further comprehensive exploration. This paper comprehensively synthesizes the most recent advancements in the understanding of ATP-induced cell death mechanisms, with the overarching objective of serving as a reference for a deeper comprehension of its pathogenesis and the proposition of novel therapeutic targets for the management of associated diseases.
"ATP 诱导的细胞死亡 "是 1991 年以来发现的一种新型细胞死亡形式，其典型特征是细胞死亡过程中三磷酸腺苷（ATP）的大量积累和 ATP 膜受体的激活。三磷酸腺苷平衡紊乱与线粒体功能密切相关。近年来，细胞外 ATP（eATP）水平升高导致的 ATP 诱导细胞死亡（AICD）已成为一种明显的细胞死亡模式。这种现象与恶性肿瘤、神经退行性疾病、缺血再灌注损伤、肾功能损伤和血液病等多种疾病的病理生理机制密切相关。对 ATP 诱导的细胞死亡进行策略性调节，以缓解这些相关疾病的发生和发展，已引起人们的极大关注，并成为病因学研究和治疗干预的焦点。然而，有关 ATP 诱导细胞死亡的功能性改变和精确的分子机制还需要进一步的全面探索。本文全面综述了对 ATP 诱导细胞死亡机制认识的最新进展，其总体目标是为深入理解其发病机制和提出治疗相关疾病的新靶点提供参考。
{"title":"ATP-induced Cell Death Mechanism","authors":"Haoling Zhang, D. Sandai, Zhongwen Zhang, Zhi-Jing Song, Haolong Zhang, Rui Zhao","doi":"10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.04","url":null,"abstract":"\"ATP-induced cell death\" is a novel form of cellular demise identified since 1991, typically characterized by a substantial accumulation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the activation of ATP membrane receptors during the cell death process. The perturbation of ATP homeostasis is intricately linked to mitochondrial function. In recent years, ATP-induced cell death (AICD) has emerged as a discernible pattern of cell demise attributed to heightened levels of extracellular ATP (eATP). This phenomenon is intimately associated with the pathophysiological mechanisms underpinning a plethora of maladies, including malignancies, neurodegenerative disorders, ischemia-reperfusion injury, renal impairment, and hematological conditions. The strategic modulation of ATP-induced cell death to mitigate the onset and progression of these related diseases has garnered significant attention and stands as a focal point in etiological research and therapeutic interventions. Nevertheless, the functional alterations and precise molecular mechanisms governing ATP-induced cell death demand further comprehensive exploration. This paper comprehensively synthesizes the most recent advancements in the understanding of ATP-induced cell death mechanisms, with the overarching objective of serving as a reference for a deeper comprehension of its pathogenesis and the proposition of novel therapeutic targets for the management of associated diseases.","PeriodicalId":507854,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139249415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
High-fat low-carbohydrate diets are currently popular as one of the methods of weight loss, and the influence of this diet on the structure of intestinal flora in T2DM is a topical issue in the field of research. Despite the controversial result of the studies published so far in patients with type 2 diabetes. As one of the important microbial symbiotic systems in the human body, the intestinal flora is considered to be closely related to the development of type 2 diabetes. The intestinal flora structure abundance of type 2 diabetes patients is different from that of the general healthy population, and alterations in the structure of the intestinal flora can affect intestinal hormone secretion, which in turn affects the blood glucose level in type 2 diabetic patients. It is feasible to treat type 2 diabetes by altering the intestinal flora. Therefore, this narrative review proposes that the possible reason for the treatment of T2DM by high-fat low-carbohydrate diet is that the method of high-fat low-carbohydrate diet alters the intestinal flora structure of patients with T2DM, and treats patients with T2DM by altering their intestinal flora structure, which provides some new ideas and methods for the treatment and prevention of T2DM.
{"title":"Effect of High-fat Low-carbohydrate Diet on the Structure of Intestinal Flora in T2DM Patients: A Narrative Review","authors":"Yunzhi Zhang","doi":"10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54097/ijbls.v4i1.07","url":null,"abstract":"High-fat low-carbohydrate diets are currently popular as one of the methods of weight loss, and the influence of this diet on the structure of intestinal flora in T2DM is a topical issue in the field of research. Despite the controversial result of the studies published so far in patients with type 2 diabetes. As one of the important microbial symbiotic systems in the human body, the intestinal flora is considered to be closely related to the development of type 2 diabetes. The intestinal flora structure abundance of type 2 diabetes patients is different from that of the general healthy population, and alterations in the structure of the intestinal flora can affect intestinal hormone secretion, which in turn affects the blood glucose level in type 2 diabetic patients. It is feasible to treat type 2 diabetes by altering the intestinal flora. Therefore, this narrative review proposes that the possible reason for the treatment of T2DM by high-fat low-carbohydrate diet is that the method of high-fat low-carbohydrate diet alters the intestinal flora structure of patients with T2DM, and treats patients with T2DM by altering their intestinal flora structure, which provides some new ideas and methods for the treatment and prevention of T2DM.","PeriodicalId":507854,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biology and Life Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139246718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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