Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22445.1
A. Ojagbemi, R. Mediavilla, Stephanie Daley, Hephzibah Oyedapo-Ishola, Toyin Olojugba, Caroline Olowoyo, Yvonne Feeney, J. Ayuso-Mateos, O. Gureje
Background We conducted iterative adaptation of the generic e-version (2.0) of the WHO Mental Health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guide (emhGAP-IG) to overcome the challenges in detection and home-based management of depression in older people by frontline non-specialist Primary Health Care (PHC) workers. Objectives In this study, we will assess early implementation outcomes (feasibility, appropriateness, and acceptability) and evaluate parameters and procedures to inform a larger trial of the age adapted emhGAP-IG (emhGAP-Age) for home-based management of depression in older people. Methods A cluster Randomised Controlled Trial (cRCT) will be conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria. A minimum of 10 PHC clinics will be randomized to have their staff trained in emhGAP-Age (k=5 PHC clinics) or the emhGAP-IG (k=5 PHC clinics). PHC clinics will be the unit of clustering. Two PHC workers will be recruited per clinic (n=10 PHC workers per arm). They will receive training on a version of intervention relevant to their clinic. PHC workers in the intervention cluster will home-deliver emhGAP-Age to 55 depressed persons who are 60 years or older. 55 depressed older participants in the control clusters will receive clinic-based treatment using the emhGAP-IG (Usual care within PHC clinics in Nigeria). The primary outcome will be postintervention difference in Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) total scores at 6 months follow-up. Conclusions Home delivery of an age adapted emhGAP-IG has the potential to bridge existing gaps in continuity of care between PHC services and community-based care for depression and other priority mental health conditions in older people. Registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06125899; 08/11/2023).
{"title":"Home-based depression care for older people delivered by lay providers in Nigeria: protocol for a proof-of-concept cluster randomised controlled trial using an age adapted electronic mental health gap action programme intervention guide app for mobile devices","authors":"A. Ojagbemi, R. Mediavilla, Stephanie Daley, Hephzibah Oyedapo-Ishola, Toyin Olojugba, Caroline Olowoyo, Yvonne Feeney, J. Ayuso-Mateos, O. Gureje","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22445.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22445.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background We conducted iterative adaptation of the generic e-version (2.0) of the WHO Mental Health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guide (emhGAP-IG) to overcome the challenges in detection and home-based management of depression in older people by frontline non-specialist Primary Health Care (PHC) workers. Objectives In this study, we will assess early implementation outcomes (feasibility, appropriateness, and acceptability) and evaluate parameters and procedures to inform a larger trial of the age adapted emhGAP-IG (emhGAP-Age) for home-based management of depression in older people. Methods A cluster Randomised Controlled Trial (cRCT) will be conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria. A minimum of 10 PHC clinics will be randomized to have their staff trained in emhGAP-Age (k=5 PHC clinics) or the emhGAP-IG (k=5 PHC clinics). PHC clinics will be the unit of clustering. Two PHC workers will be recruited per clinic (n=10 PHC workers per arm). They will receive training on a version of intervention relevant to their clinic. PHC workers in the intervention cluster will home-deliver emhGAP-Age to 55 depressed persons who are 60 years or older. 55 depressed older participants in the control clusters will receive clinic-based treatment using the emhGAP-IG (Usual care within PHC clinics in Nigeria). The primary outcome will be postintervention difference in Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) total scores at 6 months follow-up. Conclusions Home delivery of an age adapted emhGAP-IG has the potential to bridge existing gaps in continuity of care between PHC services and community-based care for depression and other priority mental health conditions in older people. Registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT06125899; 08/11/2023).","PeriodicalId":508490,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"360 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141686384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22411.1
Kyle J. Wilson, J. A. Roldán-Nofuentes, M. Henrion
Background Binary diagnostic tests are commonly used in medicine to answer a question about a patient’s clinical status, most commonly, do they or do they not have some disease. Recent advances in statistical methodologies for performing inferential statistics to compare commonly used test metrics for two diagnostic tests have not yet been implemented in a robust statistical package. Methods Up-to-date statistical methods to compare the test metrics achieved by two binary diagnostic tests are implemented in the new R package testCompareR. The output and efficiency of testCompareR is compared to the only other available package which performs this function, DTComPair, using a motivating example. Results testCompareR achieves similar results to DTComPair using statistical methods with improved coverage and asymptotic performance. Further, testCompareR is faster than the currently available package and requires fewer pre-processing steps in order to produce accurate results. Conclusions testCompareR provides a new tool to compare the test metrics for two binary diagnostic tests compared with the gold standard. This tool allows flexible inputs, which minimises the need for data pre-processing, and operates in very few steps, so that it is easy to use even for those less experienced with R. testCompareR achieves results comparable to those computed by DTComPair, using optimised statistical methods and with improved computational efficiency.
{"title":"testCompareR: an R package to compare two binary diagnostic tests using paired data","authors":"Kyle J. Wilson, J. A. Roldán-Nofuentes, M. Henrion","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22411.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22411.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background Binary diagnostic tests are commonly used in medicine to answer a question about a patient’s clinical status, most commonly, do they or do they not have some disease. Recent advances in statistical methodologies for performing inferential statistics to compare commonly used test metrics for two diagnostic tests have not yet been implemented in a robust statistical package. Methods Up-to-date statistical methods to compare the test metrics achieved by two binary diagnostic tests are implemented in the new R package testCompareR. The output and efficiency of testCompareR is compared to the only other available package which performs this function, DTComPair, using a motivating example. Results testCompareR achieves similar results to DTComPair using statistical methods with improved coverage and asymptotic performance. Further, testCompareR is faster than the currently available package and requires fewer pre-processing steps in order to produce accurate results. Conclusions testCompareR provides a new tool to compare the test metrics for two binary diagnostic tests compared with the gold standard. This tool allows flexible inputs, which minimises the need for data pre-processing, and operates in very few steps, so that it is easy to use even for those less experienced with R. testCompareR achieves results comparable to those computed by DTComPair, using optimised statistical methods and with improved computational efficiency.","PeriodicalId":508490,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141684073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22454.1
Mark G. Telfer, Hermione Blomfield-Smith
We present a genome assembly from an individual female Crepidodera aurea (flea beetle; Arthropoda; Insecta; Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae). The genome sequence is 509.0 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 10 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 18.69 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 19,944 protein coding genes.
{"title":"The genome sequence of the flea beetle, Crepidodera aurea (Geoffrey, 1785)","authors":"Mark G. Telfer, Hermione Blomfield-Smith","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22454.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22454.1","url":null,"abstract":"We present a genome assembly from an individual female Crepidodera aurea (flea beetle; Arthropoda; Insecta; Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae). The genome sequence is 509.0 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 10 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the X sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 18.69 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 19,944 protein coding genes.","PeriodicalId":508490,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"46 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141349619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22423.1
D. Boyes
We present a genome assembly from an individual male Apocheima hispidaria (the Small Brindled Beauty; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The genome sequence is 419.7 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 29 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.31 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 13,356 protein coding genes.
{"title":"The genome sequence of the Small Brindled Beauty moth, Apocheima hispidaria (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)","authors":"D. Boyes","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22423.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22423.1","url":null,"abstract":"We present a genome assembly from an individual male Apocheima hispidaria (the Small Brindled Beauty; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Geometridae). The genome sequence is 419.7 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 29 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.31 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 13,356 protein coding genes.","PeriodicalId":508490,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"54 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141346750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22452.1
Hernán E. Morales, Ken Norris, Sion M. Henshaw, V. Tatayah, Kevin Ruhomaun, C. van Oosterhout, J. Groombridge, M. Gilbert
We present a genome assembly from an individual male Falco punctatus (the Mauritius kestrel; Chordata; Aves; Falconiformes; Falconidae). The genome sequence is 1,279.3 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 23 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.34 kilobases in length.
{"title":"The genome sequence of the Mauritius kestrel, Falco punctatus (Temminck, 1821)","authors":"Hernán E. Morales, Ken Norris, Sion M. Henshaw, V. Tatayah, Kevin Ruhomaun, C. van Oosterhout, J. Groombridge, M. Gilbert","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22452.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22452.1","url":null,"abstract":"We present a genome assembly from an individual male Falco punctatus (the Mauritius kestrel; Chordata; Aves; Falconiformes; Falconidae). The genome sequence is 1,279.3 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 23 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.34 kilobases in length.","PeriodicalId":508490,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"67 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141346408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22457.1
P. Ribeiro, Pável Matos‐Maraví, Daniel Linke, Joana I. Meier
We present a genome assembly from an individual female Spicauda simplicius (the Plain Longtail butterfly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Hesperiidae). The genome sequence is 610.1 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 32 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z and W sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.54 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 18,506 protein coding genes.
我们展示了一个雌性 Spicauda simplicius（平原长尾蝶；节肢动物门；昆虫纲；鳞翅目；蝶科）个体的基因组序列。基因组序列跨度为 610.1 兆字节。大部分基因组组装成 32 个染色体假分子支架，包括 Z 和 W 性染色体。线粒体基因组也已组装完成，长度为 15.54 千碱基。在 Ensembl 上对该基因组进行的基因注释确定了 18,506 个蛋白质编码基因。
{"title":"The genome sequence of the Plain Longtail butterfly, Spicauda simplicius (Stoll, 1807)","authors":"P. Ribeiro, Pável Matos‐Maraví, Daniel Linke, Joana I. Meier","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22457.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22457.1","url":null,"abstract":"We present a genome assembly from an individual female Spicauda simplicius (the Plain Longtail butterfly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Hesperiidae). The genome sequence is 610.1 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 32 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z and W sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.54 kilobases in length. Gene annotation of this assembly on Ensembl identified 18,506 protein coding genes.","PeriodicalId":508490,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22271.1
Derek Coleman
We present a genome assembly from an individual male Molanna angustata (cased caddisfly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Trichoptera; Molannidae). The genome sequence is 994.9 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 27 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 14.92 kilobases in length.
{"title":"The genome sequence of a cased caddisfly, Molanna angustata Curtis, 1834","authors":"Derek Coleman","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22271.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22271.1","url":null,"abstract":"We present a genome assembly from an individual male Molanna angustata (cased caddisfly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Trichoptera; Molannidae). The genome sequence is 994.9 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 27 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 14.92 kilobases in length.","PeriodicalId":508490,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"36 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141346076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.20657.1
Vincent Lewis Mkochi, Richard Dimock, Alexander Thomas Schade
Objective To evaluate the role of sonication in cases of postoperative infection following fracture fixation. Methods A systematic review of studies comparing peri-implant tissue culture (PTC) and sonication fluid culture (SFC) from implants removed due to fracture-related infection was conducted. The inclusion criteria were: published in English, human studies, implants from fracture-related infection, and tests comparing the culture of deep tissue and sonication fluid. The quality of studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skill Program (CASP) tool. The sensitivity, specificity, implant preservation mechanism to avoid contamination, cost, and duration of incubation for PTC and SFC were extracted and compared using descriptive statistics. Results Nine studies with a total of 1,144 participants were included. The overall mean sensitivity of SFC and PTC was 88.9% (95% CI: 84.6-92.4%) and 67.8% (95% CI: 60.9-74.2%), respectively. While the specificity of SFC and PTC was 96.2% (95% CI: 94.7-97.4%) and 98.5% (95% CI: 97.7-99.0%), respectively. However, the cost-effectiveness of sonication as a diagnostic method for sonication remains unclear, as only one study estimated the price of sonication to be $228.00 per test, similar to PTC. Conclusions Sonication fluid culture might improve sensitivity in diagnosing postoperative infection following fracture fixation. This technique can potentially enhance the microbiological output and provide valuable guidance to healthcare professionals in treating infection after fracture fixation. However, more high-quality trials are needed to establish its optimal use, especially cost-effectiveness. Registration The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022338190; 18 June 2022).
{"title":"The role of sonication in microbiology culture yield of the explanted infected implants post fracture fixation: A systematic review","authors":"Vincent Lewis Mkochi, Richard Dimock, Alexander Thomas Schade","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.20657.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.20657.1","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To evaluate the role of sonication in cases of postoperative infection following fracture fixation. Methods A systematic review of studies comparing peri-implant tissue culture (PTC) and sonication fluid culture (SFC) from implants removed due to fracture-related infection was conducted. The inclusion criteria were: published in English, human studies, implants from fracture-related infection, and tests comparing the culture of deep tissue and sonication fluid. The quality of studies was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skill Program (CASP) tool. The sensitivity, specificity, implant preservation mechanism to avoid contamination, cost, and duration of incubation for PTC and SFC were extracted and compared using descriptive statistics. Results Nine studies with a total of 1,144 participants were included. The overall mean sensitivity of SFC and PTC was 88.9% (95% CI: 84.6-92.4%) and 67.8% (95% CI: 60.9-74.2%), respectively. While the specificity of SFC and PTC was 96.2% (95% CI: 94.7-97.4%) and 98.5% (95% CI: 97.7-99.0%), respectively. However, the cost-effectiveness of sonication as a diagnostic method for sonication remains unclear, as only one study estimated the price of sonication to be $228.00 per test, similar to PTC. Conclusions Sonication fluid culture might improve sensitivity in diagnosing postoperative infection following fracture fixation. This technique can potentially enhance the microbiological output and provide valuable guidance to healthcare professionals in treating infection after fracture fixation. However, more high-quality trials are needed to establish its optimal use, especially cost-effectiveness. Registration The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022338190; 18 June 2022).","PeriodicalId":508490,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"78 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141348296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22455.1
James McCulloch
We present a genome assembly from an individual male Pogonocherus hispidulus (the greater thorn-tipped longhorn beetle; Arthropoda; Insecta; Coleoptera; Cerambycidae). The genome sequence is 704.4 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 11 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Y and X sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.92 kilobases in length.
我们展示了一个雄性 Pogonocherus hispidulus（大棘长角金龟；节肢动物门；昆虫纲；鞘翅目；角金龟科）个体的基因组序列。基因组序列跨度为 704.4 兆字节。大部分序列组装成 11 个染色体假分子支架，包括 Y 和 X 性染色体。线粒体基因组也已组装完成，长度为 16.92 千碱基。
{"title":"The genome sequence of the greater thorn-tipped longhorn beetle, Pogonocherus hispidulus (Piller & Mitterpacher, 1783)","authors":"James McCulloch","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22455.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22455.1","url":null,"abstract":"We present a genome assembly from an individual male Pogonocherus hispidulus (the greater thorn-tipped longhorn beetle; Arthropoda; Insecta; Coleoptera; Cerambycidae). The genome sequence is 704.4 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 11 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Y and X sex chromosomes. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 16.92 kilobases in length.","PeriodicalId":508490,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"60 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141345759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-13DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22547.1
Neil Small, Brian Kelly, Daniel Malawski, Rajib Lodh, Sam J Oddie, John Wright
Background Children of consanguineous parents have a higher risk of infant and childhood mortality, morbidity and intellectual and developmental disability. Methods Using a prospective UK based longitudinal family cohort study we quantify differences according to the consanguinity status of children from birth to age 10 in mortality, health care usage, two health and three educational outcomes. Results Compared to children whose parents were not related children whose parents were first cousins were more likely to die by the age of 10 years (odds ratio 2.81, 95% CI 1.82-4.35) to have higher rates of primary care appointments (incident rate ratio 1.39, 95% CI 1.34-1.45) and more prescriptions (incident rate ratio 1.61, 95% CI 1.50-1.73). Rates of hospital accident and emergency attendance (incident rate ratio 1.21,95% CI 1.12-1.30) and hospital outpatients’ appointments (incident rate ratio 2.21,95% CI 1.90-2.56) are higher. Children whose parents are first cousins have higher rates of speech/ language development difficulties (odds ratio 1.63, 95% CI 1.36-1.96) and learning difficulties (odds ratio 1.89, 95% CI 1.28-2.81). When they begin school children whose parents are first cousins are less likely to reach phonics standards (odds ratio 0.73, 95% CI 0.63-0.84) and less likely to show a good level of development (odds ratio 0.61, 95% CI 0.54-0.68). At age 10 there are higher numbers with special educational needs who are from first cousin unions when compared to all children whose parents are not blood relations (odds ratio 1.38, 95% CI 1.20-1.58). Effect sizes for consanguinity status are similar in univariable and multivariable models where a range of control variables including deprivation are added. Conclusions There is higher childhood mortality and greater use of health care as well as higher rates of learning difficulties, speech and language development challenges and substantive differences in education outcomes in children whose parents are first cousins
背景 父母为近亲的儿童婴幼儿死亡率、发病率以及智力和发育障碍的风险较高。方法 通过一项基于英国的前瞻性纵向家庭队列研究，我们对儿童从出生到 10 岁期间的死亡率、医疗保健使用率、两项健康指标和三项教育指标的差异进行了量化。结果 与父母没有血缘关系的儿童相比，父母是表兄妹的儿童在 10 岁前死亡的几率更高（几率比 2.81，95% CI 1.82-4.35），初级保健预约率更高（事故率比 1.39，95% CI 1.34-1.45），处方量更大（事故率比 1.61，95% CI 1.50-1.73）。医院急诊就诊率（事故率比 1.21，95% CI 1.12-1.30）和医院门诊就诊率（事故率比 2.21，95% CI 1.90-2.56）则更高。父母是表兄妹的儿童出现言语/语言发育障碍（几率比 1.63，95% CI 1.36-1.96）和学习障碍（几率比 1.89，95% CI 1.28-2.81）的几率更高。父母是表兄妹的儿童在入学时达到语音标准的可能性较小（几率比 0.73，95% CI 0.63-0.84），表现出良好发展水平的可能性也较小（几率比 0.61，95% CI 0.54-0.68）。与父母没有血缘关系的所有儿童相比，10 岁时有特殊教育需求的嫡亲儿童人数较多（几率比 1.38，95% CI 1.20-1.58）。在单变量和多变量模型中，血缘关系的影响大小相似，在多变量模型中加入了一系列控制变量，包括贫困程度。结论 父母为嫡亲表兄弟姐妹的儿童死亡率较高，使用医疗保健的次数较多，学习困难、言语和语言发育障碍的发生率较高，教育成果存在实质性差异。
{"title":"Mortality, morbidity and educational outcomes in children of consanguineous parents in the Born in Bradford cohort","authors":"Neil Small, Brian Kelly, Daniel Malawski, Rajib Lodh, Sam J Oddie, John Wright","doi":"10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22547.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.22547.1","url":null,"abstract":"Background Children of consanguineous parents have a higher risk of infant and childhood mortality, morbidity and intellectual and developmental disability. Methods Using a prospective UK based longitudinal family cohort study we quantify differences according to the consanguinity status of children from birth to age 10 in mortality, health care usage, two health and three educational outcomes. Results Compared to children whose parents were not related children whose parents were first cousins were more likely to die by the age of 10 years (odds ratio 2.81, 95% CI 1.82-4.35) to have higher rates of primary care appointments (incident rate ratio 1.39, 95% CI 1.34-1.45) and more prescriptions (incident rate ratio 1.61, 95% CI 1.50-1.73). Rates of hospital accident and emergency attendance (incident rate ratio 1.21,95% CI 1.12-1.30) and hospital outpatients’ appointments (incident rate ratio 2.21,95% CI 1.90-2.56) are higher. Children whose parents are first cousins have higher rates of speech/ language development difficulties (odds ratio 1.63, 95% CI 1.36-1.96) and learning difficulties (odds ratio 1.89, 95% CI 1.28-2.81). When they begin school children whose parents are first cousins are less likely to reach phonics standards (odds ratio 0.73, 95% CI 0.63-0.84) and less likely to show a good level of development (odds ratio 0.61, 95% CI 0.54-0.68). At age 10 there are higher numbers with special educational needs who are from first cousin unions when compared to all children whose parents are not blood relations (odds ratio 1.38, 95% CI 1.20-1.58). Effect sizes for consanguinity status are similar in univariable and multivariable models where a range of control variables including deprivation are added. Conclusions There is higher childhood mortality and greater use of health care as well as higher rates of learning difficulties, speech and language development challenges and substantive differences in education outcomes in children whose parents are first cousins","PeriodicalId":508490,"journal":{"name":"Wellcome Open Research","volume":"32 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141350075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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