Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2278
Alexander Rappaport
Development and degradation in architecture are relative concepts. In our time, development criteria turn out to be subordinate to the desires of certain sociocultural groups: national, religious, property, etc. In such a situation, it is almost impossible to rely on any theory or methods of development and degradation that overcome the historical difference in understanding and approaches.The traditional foundations of architecture, which had developed over thousands of years, were destroyed at the beginning of the twentieth century. The history of forms became the theory of forms, leading to a carnival of rapidly changing architectural styles, theories and interpretations of architectural history. As a result, palaces were replaced by “glass barracks”.
{"title":"Comedy of architectural thought: Development, degradation and history","authors":"Alexander Rappaport","doi":"10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2278","url":null,"abstract":"Development and degradation in architecture are relative concepts. In our time, development criteria turn out to be subordinate to the desires of certain sociocultural groups: national, religious, property, etc. In such a situation, it is almost impossible to rely on any theory or methods of development and degradation that overcome the historical difference in understanding and approaches.The traditional foundations of architecture, which had developed over thousands of years, were destroyed at the beginning of the twentieth century. The history of forms became the theory of forms, leading to a carnival of rapidly changing architectural styles, theories and interpretations of architectural history. As a result, palaces were replaced by “glass barracks”.","PeriodicalId":508496,"journal":{"name":"проект байкал","volume":"37 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140734220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The preservation of historical heritage has the potential to act as a means of regenerative design in line with the concept of sustainable architecture. The idea of revitalising monuments is a tool to preserve and restore large green spaces and biodiversity. It is possible to create a multiplicative effect between historical and requested values of the contemporary environment: revival of dervish hotels – “hanakas” for digital nomads, wine taverns for tourists, craft workshops, gardens, art etc. to preserve crafts and natural environment, while participating in climate change mitigation.
{"title":"Reconstruction of vanished cities","authors":"Aigul Айгул, Jumamedel Imankulov, Didar Alshorazov","doi":"10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2287","url":null,"abstract":"The preservation of historical heritage has the potential to act as a means of regenerative design in line with the concept of sustainable architecture. The idea of revitalising monuments is a tool to preserve and restore large green spaces and biodiversity. It is possible to create a multiplicative effect between historical and requested values of the contemporary environment: revival of dervish hotels – “hanakas” for digital nomads, wine taverns for tourists, craft workshops, gardens, art etc. to preserve crafts and natural environment, while participating in climate change mitigation.","PeriodicalId":508496,"journal":{"name":"проект байкал","volume":"44 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140733807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2295
Y. Kosenkova
The article examines changes in the architects’ and society’s understanding of the role of heritage in the Soviet city and its importance for the formation of the urban environment. It is known that the architecture of the Soviet period went through several turns in its development, determined by the change of State policy in this area. It seemed that urban planning concepts were also changing dramatically. However, with external differences, the deep layers of professional thinking of architects and urban planners changed little; the same problems of urban development and the preservation of historical buildings arose again and again. At the turn of the 1960s and the 1970s and then in the 1980s, there were certain advances in understanding the role of the historical city environment, but the conditions of urban planning in the country practically did not change, which contributed to the reproduction of established stereotypes. The last decade of the Soviet era was characterized by a paradoxical attitude towards heritage, which still largely remained in the post-Soviet period.
{"title":"Heritage and the Soviet city of the 1980s","authors":"Y. Kosenkova","doi":"10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2295","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines changes in the architects’ and society’s understanding of the role of heritage in the Soviet city and its importance for the formation of the urban environment. It is known that the architecture of the Soviet period went through several turns in its development, determined by the change of State policy in this area. It seemed that urban planning concepts were also changing dramatically. However, with external differences, the deep layers of professional thinking of architects and urban planners changed little; the same problems of urban development and the preservation of historical buildings arose again and again. At the turn of the 1960s and the 1970s and then in the 1980s, there were certain advances in understanding the role of the historical city environment, but the conditions of urban planning in the country practically did not change, which contributed to the reproduction of established stereotypes. The last decade of the Soviet era was characterized by a paradoxical attitude towards heritage, which still largely remained in the post-Soviet period.","PeriodicalId":508496,"journal":{"name":"проект байкал","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140735948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2296
Ekaterina Glatolenkova
The article deals with the architecture of the first railway station in Harbin built in the early XX century – the layout of the building, facade and interior solutions, urban design of the station. In order to identify the author of the project, the drawings of different variants made by the Technical Department of the Chinese Eastern Railway Company are analyzed.
{"title":"To the question about the authors of the first railway station project in Harbin","authors":"Ekaterina Glatolenkova","doi":"10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2296","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with the architecture of the first railway station in Harbin built in the early XX century – the layout of the building, facade and interior solutions, urban design of the station. In order to identify the author of the project, the drawings of different variants made by the Technical Department of the Chinese Eastern Railway Company are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":508496,"journal":{"name":"проект байкал","volume":"38 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140733907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2289
J. Alameri, Haifaa Bani Ismaila
The phenomenon of modern graffiti is difficult to theorise due to its complex and comprehensive nature. The article proposes to consider graffiti as a synthetic phenomenon that combines the artistic tasks of transmitting emotional states with the tasks of expressing social ideas (including protest and even revolutionary ones), as well as the tasks of communicating between different cultures – both cultures of different epochs and local cultures and subcultures of city dwellers. This approach is shown through the historical example of Mexican muralism. Based on the proposed approach, contemporary Arab graffiti, which received a strong impetus of development after the events of the Arab Spring, is considered.
{"title":"Graffiti revolution and urban environment","authors":"J. Alameri, Haifaa Bani Ismaila","doi":"10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2289","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of modern graffiti is difficult to theorise due to its complex and comprehensive nature. The article proposes to consider graffiti as a synthetic phenomenon that combines the artistic tasks of transmitting emotional states with the tasks of expressing social ideas (including protest and even revolutionary ones), as well as the tasks of communicating between different cultures – both cultures of different epochs and local cultures and subcultures of city dwellers. This approach is shown through the historical example of Mexican muralism. Based on the proposed approach, contemporary Arab graffiti, which received a strong impetus of development after the events of the Arab Spring, is considered.","PeriodicalId":508496,"journal":{"name":"проект байкал","volume":"16 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140735605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2277
K. Lidin
The development of architecture of modernism and postmodernism is considered on the example of brutalism style as an oscillating process between the aspiration to severe truthfulness and the predominance of decorativeness. Metamorphoses of Brutalism style depending on the place and time of realisation are considered. It is shown that in all variations the Brutalism style retains its reliance on the archetype of the Hero, which opposes the archetype of the Trickster, a reference for postmodernism. The requirement of severe truthfulness enters as one of the basic attributes of the Hero archetype.
{"title":"Architecture as a process. Metamorphoses of style in the time and space","authors":"K. Lidin","doi":"10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2277","url":null,"abstract":"The development of architecture of modernism and postmodernism is considered on the example of brutalism style as an oscillating process between the aspiration to severe truthfulness and the predominance of decorativeness. Metamorphoses of Brutalism style depending on the place and time of realisation are considered. It is shown that in all variations the Brutalism style retains its reliance on the archetype of the Hero, which opposes the archetype of the Trickster, a reference for postmodernism. The requirement of severe truthfulness enters as one of the basic attributes of the Hero archetype.","PeriodicalId":508496,"journal":{"name":"проект байкал","volume":"36 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140735479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2303
Maria Nashchokina
The article presents an analysis of the works on reconstruction and recreation of the historical environment in Dresden and Frankfurt am Main during three decades. The peculiarity of the accomplished works is the attention to the lost urban environment, which was recreated on the basis of available archival and visual sources and on the surviving project documentation. Both examples are a clear illustration of the principles that should guide the reconstruction and return of the lost artistic quality to cities. These examples are important for our country, which lost a significant part of its historical, architectural and artistic heritage during the revolutions, wars and political cataclysms of the 20th century.
{"title":"Re-creation of heritage: German experience of the XXI century","authors":"Maria Nashchokina","doi":"10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2303","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an analysis of the works on reconstruction and recreation of the historical environment in Dresden and Frankfurt am Main during three decades. The peculiarity of the accomplished works is the attention to the lost urban environment, which was recreated on the basis of available archival and visual sources and on the surviving project documentation. Both examples are a clear illustration of the principles that should guide the reconstruction and return of the lost artistic quality to cities. These examples are important for our country, which lost a significant part of its historical, architectural and artistic heritage during the revolutions, wars and political cataclysms of the 20th century.","PeriodicalId":508496,"journal":{"name":"проект байкал","volume":"13 72","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140735498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2288
K. Lidin, E. Grigoryeva
The lifespan of architectural objects varies in the widest range – from a few days to millennia. Most often a built object begins to change, to transform even before the construction is finished, and continues to do so every day of its existence. The elements and the passage of time change its appearance, but people bring even greater changes, painting the walls of buildings with graffiti and creating installations. Street art is a spontaneous art, but it significantly changes the meaning and image of urban spaces.
{"title":"spontaneity","authors":"K. Lidin, E. Grigoryeva","doi":"10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2288","url":null,"abstract":"The lifespan of architectural objects varies in the widest range – from a few days to millennia. Most often a built object begins to change, to transform even before the construction is finished, and continues to do so every day of its existence. The elements and the passage of time change its appearance, but people bring even greater changes, painting the walls of buildings with graffiti and creating installations. Street art is a spontaneous art, but it significantly changes the meaning and image of urban spaces. ","PeriodicalId":508496,"journal":{"name":"проект байкал","volume":"11 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140734710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2276
E. Grigoryeva, V. Lisitsin
The award was established in honour of the famous Soviet and Russian architectural historian and architect, Doctor of Historical Sciences and Doctor of Architecture, Professor, Honoured Architect of Russia, Irkutsk resident, who loved and defended his hometown, Mark Grigorievich Meerovich (1956-2018). The award was presented in Irkutsk for the third time. The article describes the history and content of the award, as well as reveals the expanded format of the award ceremony. The nominees of the year 2023, N. Krasnaya (Master nomination) and Ya. Lisitsina (Expert nomination), are announced.
该奖项是为了纪念苏联和俄罗斯著名的建筑历史学家和建筑师、历史科学博士和建筑学博士、教授、俄罗斯荣誉建筑师、伊尔库茨克居民、热爱和保卫家乡的马克-格里戈里耶维奇-梅罗维奇（1956-2018 年）而设立的。该奖项第三次在伊尔库茨克颁发。文章介绍了该奖项的历史和内容，并揭示了颁奖仪式的扩展形式。2023 年的被提名者是 N. Krasnaya（大师提名）和 Ya.Lisitsina（专家提名）。
{"title":"Mark Meerovich Prize: Understanding the truth","authors":"E. Grigoryeva, V. Lisitsin","doi":"10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2276","url":null,"abstract":"The award was established in honour of the famous Soviet and Russian architectural historian and architect, Doctor of Historical Sciences and Doctor of Architecture, Professor, Honoured Architect of Russia, Irkutsk resident, who loved and defended his hometown, Mark Grigorievich Meerovich (1956-2018). The award was presented in Irkutsk for the third time. The article describes the history and content of the award, as well as reveals the expanded format of the award ceremony. The nominees of the year 2023, N. Krasnaya (Master nomination) and Ya. Lisitsina (Expert nomination), are announced.","PeriodicalId":508496,"journal":{"name":"проект байкал","volume":"181 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140735544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2294
Elena Bagina
Directions (styles) in culture have different reserves of strength and different inertia. Among them there is a unique one capable of revival. It is classicism, which is characterized by a timeless understanding of the laws of harmony and beauty based on the forms and images of ancient art of Greece and Rome. Classicist thinking and classicism did not leave European culture in the 20th and 21st centuries, but its forms changed. The grafting of art nouveau, avant-garde and postmodernism into classical art and architecture did not pass without a trace. Antagonists shook the established norms and left, while classical art and architecture expanded the range of creative possibilities and revived, preserving the basic principles.
{"title":"On undying classicism and subverters of foundations","authors":"Elena Bagina","doi":"10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51461/issn.2309-3072/77.2294","url":null,"abstract":"Directions (styles) in culture have different reserves of strength and different inertia. Among them there is a unique one capable of revival. It is classicism, which is characterized by a timeless understanding of the laws of harmony and beauty based on the forms and images of ancient art of Greece and Rome. Classicist thinking and classicism did not leave European culture in the 20th and 21st centuries, but its forms changed. The grafting of art nouveau, avant-garde and postmodernism into classical art and architecture did not pass without a trace. Antagonists shook the established norms and left, while classical art and architecture expanded the range of creative possibilities and revived, preserving the basic principles.","PeriodicalId":508496,"journal":{"name":"проект байкал","volume":"30 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140734422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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