Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.24271/psr.2024.188573
A. Mahuof, Mohammed H. Mahmood, Arz Qwam Alden, Akram S. Mahmood, Osama A. Mohsen
Thin-walled compound structures are usually utilized as improved impact energy-absorbing members in the structures of aircraft and automobiles because of their high energy absorption capacity via progressive plastic deformation. Although these thin structures have outstanding impact performance, high manufacturing costs are a big issue that has the potential to increase vehicle prices. High quality and lightweight are also important fundamentals in the manufacture of absorber devices. Hence, in this numerical and experimental study, novel thin-walled compound structures made of polypropylene random copolymer (PPR) and aluminum alloy (AL 6082 T6) were proposed to provide a reasonable solution for these issues as possible. Static Structural Analysis in ANSYS Workbench was utilized to simulate three types of thin-walled structure models made of these suggested materials under static axial loads and full plastic conditions, namely PPR, AL, and the novel PPR-AL-PPR. The purpose of that is to compare crashworthiness properties among each model and investigate the mechanical behavior of a failure, crush force efficiency and energy absorption capacity for each model. The results observed that the novel model (PPR-AL-PPR) is the optimal type in terms of improvements in crashworthiness properties in comparison to other traditional models, where the crush force efficiency and energy absorption capacity increased numerically by approximately 26% and 107%, respectively. The data have been validated with experimental results, and most of these findings were rather compatible. In conclusion, the PPR material reinforced by AL shells can significantly improve the crush force efficiency and the energy absorption capacity of thin-walled structures. Hence, the novel model suggested could be applied to vehicles and aircraft structures as a good absorber device
{"title":"A Numerical Study for Novel Thin-Walled Compound Structures Made of PPR Material Reinforced with AL Shells","authors":"A. Mahuof, Mohammed H. Mahmood, Arz Qwam Alden, Akram S. Mahmood, Osama A. Mohsen","doi":"10.24271/psr.2024.188573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2024.188573","url":null,"abstract":"Thin-walled compound structures are usually utilized as improved impact energy-absorbing members in the structures of aircraft and automobiles because of their high energy absorption capacity via progressive plastic deformation. Although these thin structures have outstanding impact performance, high manufacturing costs are a big issue that has the potential to increase vehicle prices. High quality and lightweight are also important fundamentals in the manufacture of absorber devices. Hence, in this numerical and experimental study, novel thin-walled compound structures made of polypropylene random copolymer (PPR) and aluminum alloy (AL 6082 T6) were proposed to provide a reasonable solution for these issues as possible. Static Structural Analysis in ANSYS Workbench was utilized to simulate three types of thin-walled structure models made of these suggested materials under static axial loads and full plastic conditions, namely PPR, AL, and the novel PPR-AL-PPR. The purpose of that is to compare crashworthiness properties among each model and investigate the mechanical behavior of a failure, crush force efficiency and energy absorption capacity for each model. The results observed that the novel model (PPR-AL-PPR) is the optimal type in terms of improvements in crashworthiness properties in comparison to other traditional models, where the crush force efficiency and energy absorption capacity increased numerically by approximately 26% and 107%, respectively. The data have been validated with experimental results, and most of these findings were rather compatible. In conclusion, the PPR material reinforced by AL shells can significantly improve the crush force efficiency and the energy absorption capacity of thin-walled structures. Hence, the novel model suggested could be applied to vehicles and aircraft structures as a good absorber device","PeriodicalId":508608,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"37 5‐6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139632652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.24271/psr.2024.188561
Aya Shukri Mohammed, Zhiman Ismael, K. Khalil
All creative fields, but especially architecture, are affected by intertextuality. To know how the notion of "intertextuality" affects the semantic sense of form in architecture, this study initially examines how it applies to literacy and then architecture. The objective is to determine how intertextuality affects architecture and how it could transmit a form's senses. The problem with intertextuality as an approach is that it doesn't provide designers with a clear path to follow. As a consequence, based on the idea of intertextuality in literacy, six steps are found from the theoretical framework to be steps of the intertextuality process in architecture. Case studies and a questionnaire are used for applying these steps. The study's results show that intertextuality has a significant impact and that each step of the intertextuality process intensely shows that the form's meaning might be changed from semantic to syntactic by the architect by including an intertextual idea in its design.
{"title":"The Effect of Intertextuality on the Semantic Level of Architectural Form","authors":"Aya Shukri Mohammed, Zhiman Ismael, K. Khalil","doi":"10.24271/psr.2024.188561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2024.188561","url":null,"abstract":"All creative fields, but especially architecture, are affected by intertextuality. To know how the notion of \"intertextuality\" affects the semantic sense of form in architecture, this study initially examines how it applies to literacy and then architecture. The objective is to determine how intertextuality affects architecture and how it could transmit a form's senses. The problem with intertextuality as an approach is that it doesn't provide designers with a clear path to follow. As a consequence, based on the idea of intertextuality in literacy, six steps are found from the theoretical framework to be steps of the intertextuality process in architecture. Case studies and a questionnaire are used for applying these steps. The study's results show that intertextuality has a significant impact and that each step of the intertextuality process intensely shows that the form's meaning might be changed from semantic to syntactic by the architect by including an intertextual idea in its design.","PeriodicalId":508608,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140524900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.24271/psr.2024.188572
Hassan S. Al-Nahhal, Moayed Almobaied
One of the most popular methods for giving feedback to the control loop in industrial control systems is the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. The tuning of the PID controller, however, is currently being researched by engineers. In this research, a robust PID controller is proposed for the CE152 magnetic levitation system. Magnetic levitation, commonly referred to as maglev, is a technology that uses magnetic fields to levitate an object, such as a vehicle or train, above a track. By using magnetic forces to counteract gravitational and inertial forces, maglev systems can achieve frictionless movement and potentially higher speeds compared to conventional wheeled transportation. In this research, the robust PID controller is involved by computing all stabilized PID controller gains for the affine linear characteristic polynomial in the presence of uncertain parameters using the parameter space approach and the edge theorem. The results of the parameter space approach are ranges of PID gains (𝐾 𝑃 , 𝐾 𝐷 , 𝐾 𝐼 ) . Here, the optimal PID gains were chosen by the Artificial Bee Colony optimization algorithm to get optimal performance for CE152 magnetic levitation. The research defines a specific performance index function that quantifies the system's time-domain step response criteria (small overshoot percentage with significant minimization of both settling and rising times). This index function is inversely proportional to the desired performance criteria, aiming to optimize the system's performance. MATLAB simulations are used to validate and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed graphical method for enhancing stability in the maglev system.
{"title":"Design a Robust Optimal Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller for CE152 Magnetic Levitation System Using Bee Colony Algorithm","authors":"Hassan S. Al-Nahhal, Moayed Almobaied","doi":"10.24271/psr.2024.188572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2024.188572","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most popular methods for giving feedback to the control loop in industrial control systems is the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. The tuning of the PID controller, however, is currently being researched by engineers. In this research, a robust PID controller is proposed for the CE152 magnetic levitation system. Magnetic levitation, commonly referred to as maglev, is a technology that uses magnetic fields to levitate an object, such as a vehicle or train, above a track. By using magnetic forces to counteract gravitational and inertial forces, maglev systems can achieve frictionless movement and potentially higher speeds compared to conventional wheeled transportation. In this research, the robust PID controller is involved by computing all stabilized PID controller gains for the affine linear characteristic polynomial in the presence of uncertain parameters using the parameter space approach and the edge theorem. The results of the parameter space approach are ranges of PID gains (𝐾 𝑃 , 𝐾 𝐷 , 𝐾 𝐼 ) . Here, the optimal PID gains were chosen by the Artificial Bee Colony optimization algorithm to get optimal performance for CE152 magnetic levitation. The research defines a specific performance index function that quantifies the system's time-domain step response criteria (small overshoot percentage with significant minimization of both settling and rising times). This index function is inversely proportional to the desired performance criteria, aiming to optimize the system's performance. MATLAB simulations are used to validate and demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed graphical method for enhancing stability in the maglev system.","PeriodicalId":508608,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"10 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139634025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.24271/psr.2024.188483
A. Hommadi, Alaa A. Abass, A. Al-fawzy, F. Al-Mohammed, N. A. Al-ansari, Hatem H. Hussien
Open channels are very important to deliver water from main sources to laterals especially for developing countries. Production is subjective by the way that the water is scheduled, and this scheduling is subject to several irrigation constraints. In open channel projects, for instance, maximum discharge of the laterals and main channels, depending on the size of their dimensions and the water requirements for fields. The current paper shows how efficient water scheduling, regarding the delivering water from the main channel to laterals in consequent time slots, can be done by utilizing a genetic algorithm optimisation technique. This research is intended to be applied for scheduling the Shattulhilla River in Babylon City and has broad applications for open channel projects in Iraq. The obtained results clarify how the genetic algorithm optimisation modelling is a sophisticated tool which operators of irrigation projects could now utilize to timetable open channels of irrigation systems.
{"title":"Scheduling the Laterals of Shattulhilla River by Utilizing the Genetic Algorithm as Water Sustainability Technique","authors":"A. Hommadi, Alaa A. Abass, A. Al-fawzy, F. Al-Mohammed, N. A. Al-ansari, Hatem H. Hussien","doi":"10.24271/psr.2024.188483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2024.188483","url":null,"abstract":"Open channels are very important to deliver water from main sources to laterals especially for developing countries. Production is subjective by the way that the water is scheduled, and this scheduling is subject to several irrigation constraints. In open channel projects, for instance, maximum discharge of the laterals and main channels, depending on the size of their dimensions and the water requirements for fields. The current paper shows how efficient water scheduling, regarding the delivering water from the main channel to laterals in consequent time slots, can be done by utilizing a genetic algorithm optimisation technique. This research is intended to be applied for scheduling the Shattulhilla River in Babylon City and has broad applications for open channel projects in Iraq. The obtained results clarify how the genetic algorithm optimisation modelling is a sophisticated tool which operators of irrigation projects could now utilize to timetable open channels of irrigation systems.","PeriodicalId":508608,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"8 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139634033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.24271/psr.2024.188474
H. Nazif
This paper presents a case study focusing on the analysis of the Water Quality Index (WQI) using ArcGIS Pro and supervised machine learning (SML) techniques. The study aims to analyze the selection of physicochemical water quality indicators in water wells to determine the most effective physicochemical water quality parameters in water wells, in addition to finding the WQI of each well in Duhok province and its purpose of use. These parameters include Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride, Sodium, Potassium, Sulfate, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Nitrate, Total Alkalinity (TA), and Total Hardness (TH). The study generated a spatial distribution map of the WQI, revealing the highest values in wells located in the Sumil district, ranging between 18.47 and 57.9, while the lowest value of 18.47 was observed in the Akre district. Supervised machine learning algorithms were employed to identify the most influential physicochemical indicators of water quality. The results highlighted EC, TA, TH, and Ca+2 as the most crucial parameters affecting WQI. The mapping analysis further indicated that wells in the Sumil district exhibited the highest values of EC, TH, Mg+2, and TA. Conversely, the Duhok district demonstrated the highest calcium levels, while the lowest pH and nitrate levels were observed in the Duhok and Amedi districts, respectively. The Zakho district showcased the highest levels of sulfate and potassium, and the Bardarash district had the highest chloride and sodium values.
{"title":"Groundwater Quality Analysis by Integrating Water Quality Index, GIS Techniques and Supervised Machine Learning: A Case Study in Duhok Province, Iraq","authors":"H. Nazif","doi":"10.24271/psr.2024.188474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2024.188474","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a case study focusing on the analysis of the Water Quality Index (WQI) using ArcGIS Pro and supervised machine learning (SML) techniques. The study aims to analyze the selection of physicochemical water quality indicators in water wells to determine the most effective physicochemical water quality parameters in water wells, in addition to finding the WQI of each well in Duhok province and its purpose of use. These parameters include Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride, Sodium, Potassium, Sulfate, pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Nitrate, Total Alkalinity (TA), and Total Hardness (TH). The study generated a spatial distribution map of the WQI, revealing the highest values in wells located in the Sumil district, ranging between 18.47 and 57.9, while the lowest value of 18.47 was observed in the Akre district. Supervised machine learning algorithms were employed to identify the most influential physicochemical indicators of water quality. The results highlighted EC, TA, TH, and Ca+2 as the most crucial parameters affecting WQI. The mapping analysis further indicated that wells in the Sumil district exhibited the highest values of EC, TH, Mg+2, and TA. Conversely, the Duhok district demonstrated the highest calcium levels, while the lowest pH and nitrate levels were observed in the Duhok and Amedi districts, respectively. The Zakho district showcased the highest levels of sulfate and potassium, and the Bardarash district had the highest chloride and sodium values.","PeriodicalId":508608,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139639379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.24271/psr.2024.188570
Nashma Muhammed, Zryan Rashid, Subhi R. M. Zeebaree, Jihan Rasool, R. Zebari, Mohammed Sadeeq
{"title":"Optimizing Time Consumption for Smartphone-based Distributed Parallel Processing System","authors":"Nashma Muhammed, Zryan Rashid, Subhi R. M. Zeebaree, Jihan Rasool, R. Zebari, Mohammed Sadeeq","doi":"10.24271/psr.2024.188570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2024.188570","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":508608,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"58 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139634283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.24271/psr.2024.188477
Haruna Ibrahim, George Wardeh, Hanaa Fares
Conventional devices used for measuring strain, like strain gauges and LVDTs, typically used as single-point sensors, require enhanced precision of gathered data, encompassing accuracy and consistency. However, these instruments are incapable of generating strain maps. Furthermore, it requires more time and precision during the set-up test. However, this study assesses the reliability of digital image correlation (DIC) methods as a non-destructive and helpful tool for monitoring the development of cracks in cementitious composites by comparing the DIC test and the mechanical test (Machine test) results. In the objective study, three types of mortars were prepared: Normal Strength Mortar (NSM), High Strength Mortar (HSM), and High Strength Mortar with Fly Ash (HSMFA). Steel 13 mm in length and synthetic fibres 19mm and 54 mm in length (short and long) were mixed into the composites in varied volume ratios, ranging from 0% to 1. Pre-notched 40x40x160 mm prismatic specimens were tested in three-point bending while being simultaneously filmed to track the crack's growth. The results showed that the post-cracking behaviour switches from softening to hardening for some types of mortar and certain fibre dosages. To evaluate the reliability of DIC for the characterisation of fracture properties, the vertical displacements for all specimens were analysed using GOM correlate software and compared with machine test data. The use of the DIC approach for the measurement of crack opening and the interpretation of the results in terms of Force-crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) were made possible by the good agreement between the results regarding vertical deflection for all the employed mortars.
{"title":"Reliability of Digital Image Correlation Techniques for Cementitious Composite Fracture Characterization","authors":"Haruna Ibrahim, George Wardeh, Hanaa Fares","doi":"10.24271/psr.2024.188477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2024.188477","url":null,"abstract":"Conventional devices used for measuring strain, like strain gauges and LVDTs, typically used as single-point sensors, require enhanced precision of gathered data, encompassing accuracy and consistency. However, these instruments are incapable of generating strain maps. Furthermore, it requires more time and precision during the set-up test. However, this study assesses the reliability of digital image correlation (DIC) methods as a non-destructive and helpful tool for monitoring the development of cracks in cementitious composites by comparing the DIC test and the mechanical test (Machine test) results. In the objective study, three types of mortars were prepared: Normal Strength Mortar (NSM), High Strength Mortar (HSM), and High Strength Mortar with Fly Ash (HSMFA). Steel 13 mm in length and synthetic fibres 19mm and 54 mm in length (short and long) were mixed into the composites in varied volume ratios, ranging from 0% to 1. Pre-notched 40x40x160 mm prismatic specimens were tested in three-point bending while being simultaneously filmed to track the crack's growth. The results showed that the post-cracking behaviour switches from softening to hardening for some types of mortar and certain fibre dosages. To evaluate the reliability of DIC for the characterisation of fracture properties, the vertical displacements for all specimens were analysed using GOM correlate software and compared with machine test data. The use of the DIC approach for the measurement of crack opening and the interpretation of the results in terms of Force-crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) were made possible by the good agreement between the results regarding vertical deflection for all the employed mortars.","PeriodicalId":508608,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140520457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.24271/psr.2024.188555
Lawand Kamal Othman, Ahmed Mohammed
This study examines the role of the river as the backbone of the urban mental image in Zakho City and investigates the interplay between spatial and social visibility. Focusing on the River Khabour, this research unravels the ways in which the river shapes the perception and imageability of Zakho City. The study takes into account the historical context and different historical periods to understand the river's influence on the city's spatial configuration. Through a comprehensive analysis of spatial and social visibility, the research explores how the presence of the river impacts the perception and use of public spaces in Zakho City. It employs space syntax methodology, including the analysis of axial lines and the isovist analysis, to assess the spatial visibility of key areas along the river. Additionally, land-use patterns and pedestrian observations are employed to evaluate the social visibility and user dynamics of these spaces. The findings reveal that the current distribution of the city’s elements is in a situation of de-contact with the river; landmarks and nodes are placed far from the waterfront, and no significant paths pass by the shore. The integration levels of the streets show that in the historic periods, the major generator of the pattern was the river, but as time passed, the high integration levels seemed to be in the deep structure of the city, and only the old bridges maintained their value. Even new bridges have low integration values. The study sheds light on the complex relationships that exist between natural characteristics and urban development. The research problem is that when we investigate the city of Zakho and the presence of the Khabor river, The city's physical and visible relationship to the river has deteriorated. The main issue that this study investigates is stating that fact. The research has implications for urban planning and design, highlighting how rivers may be used as amplifiers to improve a city's overall livability and image.
{"title":"The Khabour River as the Backbone of Urban Mental Image: Examining Spatial and Social Visibility in Zakho City","authors":"Lawand Kamal Othman, Ahmed Mohammed","doi":"10.24271/psr.2024.188555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2024.188555","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the role of the river as the backbone of the urban mental image in Zakho City and investigates the interplay between spatial and social visibility. Focusing on the River Khabour, this research unravels the ways in which the river shapes the perception and imageability of Zakho City. The study takes into account the historical context and different historical periods to understand the river's influence on the city's spatial configuration. Through a comprehensive analysis of spatial and social visibility, the research explores how the presence of the river impacts the perception and use of public spaces in Zakho City. It employs space syntax methodology, including the analysis of axial lines and the isovist analysis, to assess the spatial visibility of key areas along the river. Additionally, land-use patterns and pedestrian observations are employed to evaluate the social visibility and user dynamics of these spaces. The findings reveal that the current distribution of the city’s elements is in a situation of de-contact with the river; landmarks and nodes are placed far from the waterfront, and no significant paths pass by the shore. The integration levels of the streets show that in the historic periods, the major generator of the pattern was the river, but as time passed, the high integration levels seemed to be in the deep structure of the city, and only the old bridges maintained their value. Even new bridges have low integration values. The study sheds light on the complex relationships that exist between natural characteristics and urban development. The research problem is that when we investigate the city of Zakho and the presence of the Khabor river, The city's physical and visible relationship to the river has deteriorated. The main issue that this study investigates is stating that fact. The research has implications for urban planning and design, highlighting how rivers may be used as amplifiers to improve a city's overall livability and image.","PeriodicalId":508608,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140525748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.24271/psr.2024.188547
Ahmed Khairadeen Ali, Awar Naaman Saleem, Haneen Hashim Mohammed Ali
Participatory design and community engagement in the neighborhood parks guide the landscape architect to create a successful and fitting park to community needs. However, the community members are limited to visual, writing, and descriptive tools to explain their vision of the neighbourhood park to the landscape designer. Therefore, this paper proposes iPARK, a platform that helps non-landscape majors visualise their ideas and vision of park design configurations, activities, materials, and needs using simplified design tools. The iPARK platform consists of two modules: iPARK-Design module utilises visual programming to automate and aid the design drawings of the neighbourhood park; the iPARK-Simulate module uses multi-agent-based simulation to fit the best parameters of the community needs and propose alternatives for the proposed design. The Case study depicted successful results and the platform delivered high-quality results and easy use. It is expected that iPARK will encourage the community to participate in the design decisions, lay out their visions, and communicate with the landscape architect more clearly.
{"title":"iPARK: A Participatory Design Tool of Neighborhood Parks Using Visual Programming Language","authors":"Ahmed Khairadeen Ali, Awar Naaman Saleem, Haneen Hashim Mohammed Ali","doi":"10.24271/psr.2024.188547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2024.188547","url":null,"abstract":"Participatory design and community engagement in the neighborhood parks guide the landscape architect to create a successful and fitting park to community needs. However, the community members are limited to visual, writing, and descriptive tools to explain their vision of the neighbourhood park to the landscape designer. Therefore, this paper proposes iPARK, a platform that helps non-landscape majors visualise their ideas and vision of park design configurations, activities, materials, and needs using simplified design tools. The iPARK platform consists of two modules: iPARK-Design module utilises visual programming to automate and aid the design drawings of the neighbourhood park; the iPARK-Simulate module uses multi-agent-based simulation to fit the best parameters of the community needs and propose alternatives for the proposed design. The Case study depicted successful results and the platform delivered high-quality results and easy use. It is expected that iPARK will encourage the community to participate in the design decisions, lay out their visions, and communicate with the landscape architect more clearly.","PeriodicalId":508608,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"54 31","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139634398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.24271/psr.2024.188471
Ali Alrawas, Reem Alsehnawi
Obtaining a collapse fragility curve is essential for loss estimation and structural safety studies, especially for vital facilities such as health centres. Many methods have been presented to develop fragility curves, such as the analytical method, which involves performing a series of nonlinear dynamic analyses, and empirical methods. This paper presents a study on the seismic performance assessment against the collapse of code-compliant reinforced concrete buildings. The study was carried out at Al-Qutayfah Hospital, located in a moderate seismicity area in Rif Dimashq, Syria. This hospital is representative of many modern hospitals built after 2004. A 3D analytical model was created using CSI-PERFORM 3D. The shear wall cross-section was modelled as a fibre section and a concentrated hinge for the frames to capture the essential nonlinear behaviour of the main elements and the potential collapse mode. An incremental dynamic analysis was performed using 11 pairs of ground motion records in accordance with FEMA P-58 recommendations to derive the collapse fragility and compare it to another result that converts the static pushover curve to an incremental dynamic analysis curve using the Vamvatsikos & Cornell method known as SPO2IDA. The results showed that the building had a low and acceptable probability of collapse under the code-defined MCE intensity level and that the SPOTOIDA method provides a reliable estimate of collapse fragility, saving time and effort.
{"title":"Full P Seismic Performance Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Using Collapse Fragility Curve aper Title in Title Case","authors":"Ali Alrawas, Reem Alsehnawi","doi":"10.24271/psr.2024.188471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24271/psr.2024.188471","url":null,"abstract":"Obtaining a collapse fragility curve is essential for loss estimation and structural safety studies, especially for vital facilities such as health centres. Many methods have been presented to develop fragility curves, such as the analytical method, which involves performing a series of nonlinear dynamic analyses, and empirical methods. This paper presents a study on the seismic performance assessment against the collapse of code-compliant reinforced concrete buildings. The study was carried out at Al-Qutayfah Hospital, located in a moderate seismicity area in Rif Dimashq, Syria. This hospital is representative of many modern hospitals built after 2004. A 3D analytical model was created using CSI-PERFORM 3D. The shear wall cross-section was modelled as a fibre section and a concentrated hinge for the frames to capture the essential nonlinear behaviour of the main elements and the potential collapse mode. An incremental dynamic analysis was performed using 11 pairs of ground motion records in accordance with FEMA P-58 recommendations to derive the collapse fragility and compare it to another result that converts the static pushover curve to an incremental dynamic analysis curve using the Vamvatsikos & Cornell method known as SPO2IDA. The results showed that the building had a low and acceptable probability of collapse under the code-defined MCE intensity level and that the SPOTOIDA method provides a reliable estimate of collapse fragility, saving time and effort.","PeriodicalId":508608,"journal":{"name":"Passer Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140527047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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