Pub Date : 2024-03-27DOI: 10.2174/0102506882297515240320040938
Abdelhameed Elsayed, H. Kheirallah, Abdulaziz Alsuwayh, Ibrahim Osman
The relationship between ECG changes in dilated nonischemic cardiomyopathy and ejection fraction (EF) is complex and poorly understood. Thus, this study aimed to identify the most common patterns of ECG associated with dilated nonischemic cardiomyopathy and their relationship to EF. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between 2019 and 2022, including 100 consecutive patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. ECG data were rate, axis, left (LBBB) and right bundle branch block (RBBB), first-degree heart block, premature ventricular contractions, depth of S wave in leads V1 and V2, length of R wave in leads V2 and V6, the ratio of R/S in the lead V4, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), maximum R wave length in leads I, II, and III, poor R wave progression, ST-segment elevation, and T wave inversion. The most common ECG pattern associated with cardiomyopathy was T-wave inversion (47%). The EF was 23.9± 8.87% in patients with LBBB and 25.5± 8.07% in patients without LBBB (P= 0.361). In patients with T-wave inversion, the EF was 23.4± 8.21%, and it was 26.28± 8.35% in patients without T-wave inversion (P= 0.086). In patients with LVH, the EF was 23.89± 7.84%, and it was 25.5± 8.66% in patients without LVH (P= 0.354). A negative nonsignificant correlation existed between SV1, SV2, RV2, RV6, R/S V4, and maximum R in I, II, III, and EF. The study showed that T-wave inversion was the most common pattern associated with dilated nonischemic cardiomyopathy. The study provided insight into the negative correlation between EF and SV1, SV2, RV2, RV6, R/S V4, and maximum R in I, II, and III, although it did not reach a significant level.
扩张型非缺血性心肌病的心电图变化与射血分数（EF）之间的关系十分复杂，人们对其了解甚少。因此，本研究旨在确定与扩张型非缺血性心肌病相关的最常见心电图模式及其与射血分数的关系。心电图数据包括心率、心轴、左束支传导阻滞（LBBB）和右束支传导阻滞（RBBB）、一级心脏传导阻滞、室性早搏、V1和V2导联的S波深度、V2和V6导联的R波长度、V4导联的R/S比值、左室肥厚（LVH）、I、II和III导联的最大R波长度、R波进展不佳、ST段抬高和T波倒置。与心肌病相关的最常见心电图模式是 T 波倒置（47%）。LBBB患者的EF值为23.9± 8.87%，无LBBB患者的EF值为25.5± 8.07%（P= 0.361）。T波倒置患者的EF为23.4± 8.21%，无T波倒置患者的EF为26.28± 8.35%（P= 0.086）。有 LVH 的患者的 EF 为 23.89±7.84%，无 LVH 的患者的 EF 为 25.5±8.66%（P= 0.354）。SV1、SV2、RV2、RV6、R/S V4、Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期最大 R 与 EF 之间存在非显著负相关。该研究揭示了 EF 与 SV1、SV2、RV2、RV6、R/S V4 和 I、II、III 期最大 R 之间的负相关性，尽管未达到显著水平。
{"title":"Electrocardiographic Patterns and Ejection Fraction in Patients with\u0000Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study","authors":"Abdelhameed Elsayed, H. Kheirallah, Abdulaziz Alsuwayh, Ibrahim Osman","doi":"10.2174/0102506882297515240320040938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882297515240320040938","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The relationship between ECG changes in dilated nonischemic cardiomyopathy and ejection fraction (EF) is complex and poorly understood. Thus,\u0000this study aimed to identify the most common patterns of ECG associated with dilated nonischemic cardiomyopathy and their relationship to EF.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between 2019 and 2022, including 100 consecutive patients with nonischemic dilated\u0000cardiomyopathy. ECG data were rate, axis, left (LBBB) and right bundle branch block (RBBB), first-degree heart block, premature ventricular\u0000contractions, depth of S wave in leads V1 and V2, length of R wave in leads V2 and V6, the ratio of R/S in the lead V4, left ventricular\u0000hypertrophy (LVH), maximum R wave length in leads I, II, and III, poor R wave progression, ST-segment elevation, and T wave inversion.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The most common ECG pattern associated with cardiomyopathy was T-wave inversion (47%). The EF was 23.9± 8.87% in patients with LBBB\u0000and 25.5± 8.07% in patients without LBBB (P= 0.361). In patients with T-wave inversion, the EF was 23.4± 8.21%, and it was 26.28± 8.35% in\u0000patients without T-wave inversion (P= 0.086). In patients with LVH, the EF was 23.89± 7.84%, and it was 25.5± 8.66% in patients without LVH\u0000(P= 0.354). A negative nonsignificant correlation existed between SV1, SV2, RV2, RV6, R/S V4, and maximum R in I, II, III, and EF.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study showed that T-wave inversion was the most common pattern associated with dilated nonischemic cardiomyopathy. The study provided\u0000insight into the negative correlation between EF and SV1, SV2, RV2, RV6, R/S V4, and maximum R in I, II, and III, although it did not reach a\u0000significant level.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140374204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A lot of athletes, bodybuilders, and those who want to look better in general use AAS (anabolic androgenic steroids) to achieve their goals. These steroids can be found in nature or synthesised in a lab. These substances are attempts to mimic the anabolic (muscle-building) and androgenic (masculinizing) properties of testosterone. Steroids like testosterone, methandienone, Nandrolone Decanoate (ND), and methenolone are only a few examples of AAS that are commonly abused. Initially exclusive to professional bodybuilders, these substances are increasingly being tried out by amateur and professional athletes alike. The anabolic properties of AAS have led to their usage in medicine for the treatment of conditions like chronic renal disease and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Despite being banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency, anabolic steroid (AAS) use is estimated to be between 1% and 3% among the general population of the United States (WADA). Their negative effects on several organs, including the cardiovascular and reproductive systems, have aroused concerns. Therefore, there are serious health risks linked with the inappropriate use of AAS. More education is needed for both the general public and medical professionals on how to recognise symptoms, administer effective care, and prevent AAS-related disorders. The goal of this study is to examine the current state of our understanding regarding the functioning of AAS and their associated deleterious consequences.
{"title":"Anabolic Androgenic Steroids: A Review","authors":"Siya Rohilla, Prerna Sharma, Sweta Kamboj, Sanchit Dhankar, Nitika Garg, Samrat Chauhan, Nidhi Rani","doi":"10.2174/0102506882253706240104073440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882253706240104073440","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000A lot of athletes, bodybuilders, and those who want to look better in general use AAS (anabolic androgenic steroids) to achieve their goals. These\u0000steroids can be found in nature or synthesised in a lab. These substances are attempts to mimic the anabolic (muscle-building) and androgenic\u0000(masculinizing) properties of testosterone. Steroids like testosterone, methandienone, Nandrolone Decanoate (ND), and methenolone are only a\u0000few examples of AAS that are commonly abused. Initially exclusive to professional bodybuilders, these substances are increasingly being tried out\u0000by amateur and professional athletes alike. The anabolic properties of AAS have led to their usage in medicine for the treatment of conditions like\u0000chronic renal disease and osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Despite being banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency, anabolic steroid\u0000(AAS) use is estimated to be between 1% and 3% among the general population of the United States (WADA). Their negative effects on several\u0000organs, including the cardiovascular and reproductive systems, have aroused concerns. Therefore, there are serious health risks linked with the\u0000inappropriate use of AAS. More education is needed for both the general public and medical professionals on how to recognise symptoms,\u0000administer effective care, and prevent AAS-related disorders. The goal of this study is to examine the current state of our understanding regarding\u0000the functioning of AAS and their associated deleterious consequences.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140424948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite the available clinical practice guidelines, many management decisions in bronchiolitis are made subjectively, resulting in variable length of stay and unplanned ICU admissions. We hypothesized that certain independent predictors would affect the length of stay (LOS) and care escalation. To identify predictors for increased LOS and ICU admissions in acute bronchiolitis. We conducted a retrospective descriptive cohort study involving 589 children admitted to MZH with acute bronchiolitis in 2 years. Predictors evaluated were age, gender, family history of asthma, prematurity, fever, hypoxemia, comorbidities, RSV, and medications (salbutamol, steroids, and antibiotics). Acute bronchiolitis comprised 8.75% of Pediatric admissions and 2.9% of total hospital admissions. The mean age is 8.28±6.1(2-30 months); 83% were infants, 39.2% were girls, 15% were preterm, and 25.1% had a family history of asthma. Despite 84.9% having X-rays, significant findings were present in 21.3%. RSV positive 22.5%. The mean LOS was 3.6±1.6(1-11 days). Age less than 2 months(P=0.029 OR=1.8, CI1.1 - 3.3), family history of asthma (P=0.03 OR=1.8, CI1.14 - 2.9), hypoxemia on admission (P<0.001 OR=3, CI1.8 - 4.9), presence of comorbidity (P=0.012), and significant radiographic findings (P<0.002, OR=2.7, CI1.6 - 4.6) were predictors of longer LOS. Prematurity (P<0.001, OR 8.8, CI 2.7-28.4), RSV bronchiolitis (P<0.002, OR=3.02, CI=1.5 – 6.03), and hypoxemia on admission (P< 0.042 OR=4.6, CI1.1 - 14.9) are qualified as independent predictors for escalated care. RSV bronchiolitis, especially in preterm infants, may prompt a low threshold for admission and escalate the care. Evidence-based treatments, respiratory support, and treatment of comorbidities help to achieve optimal LOS.
{"title":"Bronchiolitis in Infants and Children before the Surge of Covid-19: Predictors\u0000of Outcome and Length of Stay","authors":"Almontaser Hussein, Ahmed Shams, Haitham Azmy, Mohideen Jeilani Syed, AlSayed Mohamed, Mohamed Elhussein","doi":"10.2174/0102506882270086231228125319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882270086231228125319","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Despite the available clinical practice guidelines, many management decisions in bronchiolitis are made subjectively, resulting in variable length of\u0000stay and unplanned ICU admissions. We hypothesized that certain independent predictors would affect the length of stay (LOS) and care\u0000escalation.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To identify predictors for increased LOS and ICU admissions in acute bronchiolitis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We conducted a retrospective descriptive cohort study involving 589 children admitted to MZH with acute bronchiolitis in 2 years. Predictors\u0000evaluated were age, gender, family history of asthma, prematurity, fever, hypoxemia, comorbidities, RSV, and medications (salbutamol, steroids,\u0000and antibiotics).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Acute bronchiolitis comprised 8.75% of Pediatric admissions and 2.9% of total hospital admissions. The mean age is 8.28±6.1(2-30 months); 83%\u0000were infants, 39.2% were girls, 15% were preterm, and 25.1% had a family history of asthma. Despite 84.9% having X-rays, significant findings\u0000were present in 21.3%. RSV positive 22.5%. The mean LOS was 3.6±1.6(1-11 days).\u0000Age less than 2 months(P=0.029 OR=1.8, CI1.1 - 3.3), family history of asthma (P=0.03 OR=1.8, CI1.14 - 2.9), hypoxemia on admission (P<0.001\u0000OR=3, CI1.8 - 4.9), presence of comorbidity (P=0.012), and significant radiographic findings (P<0.002, OR=2.7, CI1.6 - 4.6) were predictors of\u0000longer LOS. Prematurity (P<0.001, OR 8.8, CI 2.7-28.4), RSV bronchiolitis (P<0.002, OR=3.02, CI=1.5 – 6.03), and hypoxemia on admission (P<\u00000.042 OR=4.6, CI1.1 - 14.9) are qualified as independent predictors for escalated care.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000RSV bronchiolitis, especially in preterm infants, may prompt a low threshold for admission and escalate the care. Evidence-based treatments,\u0000respiratory support, and treatment of comorbidities help to achieve optimal LOS.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140424740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.2174/0102506882283468240220054739
S. Shrivastava, A. Maliny, Abhishek Joshi
The significance of empathy in the realm of medical education cannot be undermined, as once a student embarks on their journey to serve and heal mankind, cultivating empathetic skills becomes an indispensable part of their training. Empathy plays a significant role in healthcare delivery in the domains of patient outcomes and doctor-patient relationships. This article provides a brief review of empathy education and assessment techniques in the field of medicine. Upon realizing the merits that can be attributed to empathy, it is of paramount importance that medical students must be trained in empathy to transform them into patient-centered healthcare professionals. Only training medical students in empathy will not serve the purpose, and we must complement the training component with assessment. In conclusion, empathy is one of the key components of compassionate and patient-centered medical care. This calls for the need to train and assess medical students during their training period to improve their empathetic abilities and support the process of producing competent and compassionate future medical doctors.
{"title":"Fostering Empathy: Nurturing Compassionate Healers through Innovative\u0000Teaching and Insightful Assessment in Medical Education","authors":"S. Shrivastava, A. Maliny, Abhishek Joshi","doi":"10.2174/0102506882283468240220054739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882283468240220054739","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The significance of empathy in the realm of medical education cannot be undermined, as once a student embarks on their journey to serve and heal\u0000mankind, cultivating empathetic skills becomes an indispensable part of their training. Empathy plays a significant role in healthcare delivery in the\u0000domains of patient outcomes and doctor-patient relationships. This article provides a brief review of empathy education and assessment techniques\u0000in the field of medicine. Upon realizing the merits that can be attributed to empathy, it is of paramount importance that medical students must be\u0000trained in empathy to transform them into patient-centered healthcare professionals. Only training medical students in empathy will not serve the\u0000purpose, and we must complement the training component with assessment. In conclusion, empathy is one of the key components of\u0000compassionate and patient-centered medical care. This calls for the need to train and assess medical students during their training period to\u0000improve their empathetic abilities and support the process of producing competent and compassionate future medical doctors.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140430086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.2174/0102506882288695240221071629
Nayesha Mahwish, R. Dube, Subhranshu Sekhar Kar, Malavika Santhosh, Alweena Kidwai, Jewel Mary Kenneth
Dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation and is the most common menstrual symptom affecting adolescents. Evidence suggests that worldwide prevalence can be high and can significantly affect academic performance through its impact on activity, absenteeism, and other aspects of learning. This is a cross-sectional survey using a pre-validated questionnaire incorporating demography, menstrual history, severity, and effects on academic performance. Female students selected by non-probability sampling of Ras al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University were included (calculated sample size=249). A total of 252 students participated (mean age 20.14 years). The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 80.5%. Pain was severe for 25.1% (≥7/10 score),14.7% reported severely restricted daily activity, 66% received regular treatment, and 24(11.8%) required hospitalization during the last year due to pain. More than 50% of students missed academic sessions, 68% had trouble concentrating, 70. 4% were unable to study. 59% had an inability to complete assignments, 58% had trouble concentrating during examinations, and 8.8% missed assessments due to dysmenorrhea. The majority missed 1-2 days each month. Dysmenorrhea was a significant predictor of academic domains (AD) like reduced concentration, inability to complete assignments, missing lectures, and assessments [ adjusted OR-2.25, 5.57, 4.32, 3.96] with p less than .05 in each. Moderate to severe pain was an independent predictor of all AD compared to mild pain (score less than 3) (p=.026). Moderate to severe dysmenorrhea had a significant negative impact on academic performance(p=.02). Dysmenorrhea is a prevalent health problem among university students and has a significant negative impact on education.
痛经是指痛经，是影响青少年最常见的月经症状。有证据表明，痛经在全世界的发病率都很高，而且会通过影响活动、旷课和学习的其他方面而严重影响学习成绩。这是一项横断面调查，使用的是一份预先验证过的问卷，内容包括人口统计学、月经史、严重程度以及对学习成绩的影响。调查对象包括哈伊马角医科大学（Ras al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University）通过非概率抽样选出的女学生（计算样本量=249），共有 252 名学生参加（平均年龄 20.14 岁）。痛经发生率为 80.5%。25.1%的学生疼痛严重（≥7/10分），14.7%的学生表示日常活动严重受限，66%的学生接受了正规治疗，24人（11.8%）在过去一年中因疼痛需要住院治疗。50%以上的学生缺课，68%的学生无法集中注意力，70.4%的学生无法学习。59%的学生无法完成作业，58%的学生在考试时无法集中注意力，8.8%的学生因痛经而错过了评估。大多数人每个月都会缺课 1-2 天。痛经可显著预测学习领域（AD），如注意力不集中、无法完成作业、缺席讲座和评估[调整后 OR-2.25, 5.57, 4.32, 3.96]，且每项预测的 P 均小于 0.05。与轻度疼痛（评分小于 3 分）相比，中度至重度疼痛是所有 AD 的独立预测因子（P=.026）。中度至重度痛经对学习成绩有显著的负面影响（p=.02）。
{"title":"Prevalence and Impact of Dysmenorrhea on the Academic Performance of\u0000Students at Medical and Health Sciences University","authors":"Nayesha Mahwish, R. Dube, Subhranshu Sekhar Kar, Malavika Santhosh, Alweena Kidwai, Jewel Mary Kenneth","doi":"10.2174/0102506882288695240221071629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882288695240221071629","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Dysmenorrhea is painful menstruation and is the most common menstrual symptom affecting adolescents. Evidence suggests that worldwide\u0000prevalence can be high and can significantly affect academic performance through its impact on activity, absenteeism, and other aspects of\u0000learning.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This is a cross-sectional survey using a pre-validated questionnaire incorporating demography, menstrual history, severity, and effects on academic\u0000performance. Female students selected by non-probability sampling of Ras al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University were included\u0000(calculated sample size=249).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A total of 252 students participated (mean age 20.14 years). The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 80.5%. Pain was severe for 25.1% (≥7/10\u0000score),14.7% reported severely restricted daily activity, 66% received regular treatment, and 24(11.8%) required hospitalization during the last year\u0000due to pain. More than 50% of students missed academic sessions, 68% had trouble concentrating, 70. 4% were unable to study. 59% had an\u0000inability to complete assignments, 58% had trouble concentrating during examinations, and 8.8% missed assessments due to dysmenorrhea. The\u0000majority missed 1-2 days each month. Dysmenorrhea was a significant predictor of academic domains (AD) like reduced concentration, inability to\u0000complete assignments, missing lectures, and assessments [ adjusted OR-2.25, 5.57, 4.32, 3.96] with p less than .05 in each. Moderate to severe pain\u0000was an independent predictor of all AD compared to mild pain (score less than 3) (p=.026). Moderate to severe dysmenorrhea had a significant\u0000negative impact on academic performance(p=.02).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Dysmenorrhea is a prevalent health problem among university students and has a significant negative impact on education.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140431144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.2174/0102506882278697231205102229
Rami Younes, Abdallah Almaghraby
Artificial intelligence (AI) has reshaped significant aspects of our lives, including its role in healthcare. AI is a machine-based system that can make predictions, recommendations, and decisions influencing real or virtual environments of a given set of human-defined objectives. It is designed to operate with varying levels of autonomy. Since cardiovascular medicine is rapidly progressing and new technologies are introduced to cardiovascular tools, AI has become valuable in cardiovascular medicine. This narrative review will discuss the general concept of AI and its role in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, including ECG, echocardiography, cardiac CT, nuclear cardiology, cardiac MRI, cardiac catheterization, electrophysiology, heart failure, clinical decision support system, and face recognition.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence and Cardiovascular Diseases","authors":"Rami Younes, Abdallah Almaghraby","doi":"10.2174/0102506882278697231205102229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882278697231205102229","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Artificial intelligence (AI) has reshaped significant aspects of our lives, including its role in healthcare.\u0000AI is a machine-based system that can make predictions, recommendations, and decisions influencing real or virtual environments of a given set of\u0000human-defined objectives. It is designed to operate with varying levels of autonomy.\u0000Since cardiovascular medicine is rapidly progressing and new technologies are introduced to cardiovascular tools, AI has become valuable in\u0000cardiovascular medicine. This narrative review will discuss the general concept of AI and its role in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases, including\u0000ECG, echocardiography, cardiac CT, nuclear cardiology, cardiac MRI, cardiac catheterization, electrophysiology, heart failure, clinical decision\u0000support system, and face recognition.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140430301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Depression is on a steady rise across the United Arab Emirates (UAE), causing much socio-economic burden to the country. Identifying patient journey gaps for depression, beginning with awareness and screening, diagnosis, and treatment to sustained remission and rehabilitation, can help design health policies with actionable solutions, mitigating the burden of the disease. Studies in the English language between 2010 and 2021 were shortlisted using a structured search in electronic databases followed by an unstructured search using government websites and Google Scholar and anecdotal data from local professional experts. Synthesized data was subjected to weighted mean calculation, and an evidence gap map was charted. Varying prevalence of depression (5.1%–82.2%) was reported across different settings and population sample sizes in the UAE. One study reported that 13.0% of the UAE population was aware of their depressive condition. Screening rates of depression were reported to be relatively high (34.2%–90.5%), while depression was diagnosed in 0.5%–48.5% of patients. The treatment rate was 36.1%, while adherence rates were estimated to be low at 0.3%. No evidence of control or remission of depression could be gathered. The reviewed studies used only the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) diagnostic criteria for diagnosing depression. The review also lacked large-scale research studies that may have limited the actual representation of the prevalence of depression across the country. Addressing the gaps identified through evidence mapping methodology can shape a ‘model of care’ for depression. This model should aim to harmonize collaborations among the mental health stakeholders and advocate for the social reintegration of patients.
{"title":"Mapping Actionable Gaps in Patient Journey for Depression in the United Arab\u0000Emirates: A Strategic Framework","authors":"Samer Makhoul, Osama Ali, Nahida Nayaz Ahmed, Urooj Siddiqui, Amina Cherchali","doi":"10.2174/0102506882271385240119144550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882271385240119144550","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Depression is on a steady rise across the United Arab Emirates (UAE), causing much socio-economic burden to the country. Identifying patient\u0000journey gaps for depression, beginning with awareness and screening, diagnosis, and treatment to sustained remission and rehabilitation, can help\u0000design health policies with actionable solutions, mitigating the burden of the disease.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Studies in the English language between 2010 and 2021 were shortlisted using a structured search in electronic databases followed by an\u0000unstructured search using government websites and Google Scholar and anecdotal data from local professional experts. Synthesized data was\u0000subjected to weighted mean calculation, and an evidence gap map was charted.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Varying prevalence of depression (5.1%–82.2%) was reported across different settings and population sample sizes in the UAE. One study\u0000reported that 13.0% of the UAE population was aware of their depressive condition. Screening rates of depression were reported to be relatively\u0000high (34.2%–90.5%), while depression was diagnosed in 0.5%–48.5% of patients. The treatment rate was 36.1%, while adherence rates were\u0000estimated to be low at 0.3%. No evidence of control or remission of depression could be gathered.\u0000The reviewed studies used only the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) diagnostic criteria for diagnosing depression.\u0000The review also lacked large-scale research studies that may have limited the actual representation of the prevalence of depression across the\u0000country.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Addressing the gaps identified through evidence mapping methodology can shape a ‘model of care’ for depression. This model should aim to\u0000harmonize collaborations among the mental health stakeholders and advocate for the social reintegration of patients.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140431560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-21DOI: 10.2174/0102506882279402231223055256
Theresia Lidia, Aris Widayati, Pramitha Esha Nirmala Dewi
The efficacy of immunization is contingent upon public acceptance. Using the behavioral theory of the Health Belief Model (HBM), this study seeks to determine intervention strategies against the most influential factor towards the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination program among the societies of Singkawang City. This investigation involved a cross-sectional design. The perceived severity, susceptibility, barriers, benefits, cues to action, and self-efficacy were the independent variables. The dependent variable was the adoption of the COVID-19 vaccine by the public. Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and Multivariate tests were used to present vaccine acceptance differences, relationships and impacts of each variable towards COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. There was a total of 461 participants in this study. For the majority of respondents (56.40%), COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among them remains modest. The difference between the low and high vaccination acceptance groups (p-value < 0.05) was revealed. Except for perceived severity, this study demonstrated that all HBM constructs had a significant relationship with vaccination acceptance (p-value < 0.05). In addition, the results of the logistic regression test indicated that the cues-to-action construct was the most influential factor in vaccine acceptance (OR= 7.156; CI, 95%= 4.107 – 12.469), followed by self-efficacy (OR=3.218; CI, 95%=1.819 – 5.694). Thus, health policymakers should focus on cues-to-action and self-efficacy factors for developing a strategy to increase vaccine acceptance among the Indonesian population by using current study results among the Singkawang population as a model to start the persuasion techniques.
{"title":"Health Belief Model for Public Acceptance of Implementing COVID-19\u0000Vaccination in Singkawang City, Indonesia","authors":"Theresia Lidia, Aris Widayati, Pramitha Esha Nirmala Dewi","doi":"10.2174/0102506882279402231223055256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882279402231223055256","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The efficacy of immunization is contingent upon public acceptance. Using the behavioral theory of the Health Belief Model (HBM), this study\u0000seeks to determine intervention strategies against the most influential factor towards the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination program among\u0000the societies of Singkawang City.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This investigation involved a cross-sectional design. The perceived severity, susceptibility, barriers, benefits, cues to action, and self-efficacy were\u0000the independent variables. The dependent variable was the adoption of the COVID-19 vaccine by the public. Mann-Whitney, Chi-square and\u0000Multivariate tests were used to present vaccine acceptance differences, relationships and impacts of each variable towards COVID-19 vaccine\u0000acceptance.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000There was a total of 461 participants in this study. For the majority of respondents (56.40%), COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among them remains\u0000modest. The difference between the low and high vaccination acceptance groups (p-value < 0.05) was revealed. Except for perceived severity, this\u0000study demonstrated that all HBM constructs had a significant relationship with vaccination acceptance (p-value < 0.05). In addition, the results of\u0000the logistic regression test indicated that the cues-to-action construct was the most influential factor in vaccine acceptance (OR= 7.156; CI, 95%=\u00004.107 – 12.469), followed by self-efficacy (OR=3.218; CI, 95%=1.819 – 5.694).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Thus, health policymakers should focus on cues-to-action and self-efficacy factors for developing a strategy to increase vaccine acceptance among\u0000the Indonesian population by using current study results among the Singkawang population as a model to start the persuasion techniques.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stress occurs when people are faced with challenges and feel overwhelmed. Too much stress can cause negative effects on the body. Medical students especially feel a lot of stress due to their curriculum, which affects their eating habits and, in turn, their academic performance. This study aimed to assess the effects of academic-related and teaching and learning-related stressors on the pattern of eating habits. A cross-sectional study was carried out among students of private medical universities in UAE. MBBS and BDS students of and above the age of eighteen were included. A standardized questionnaire (Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire) was used to collect data. SPSS version 28 was used to analyze the data. We identified two main types of stressors: Academic Related Stressors (ARS) and Teaching and Learning Related Stressors (TLRS), resulting in high levels of stress causing them to eat more than usual or less than usual. Most students (82.6%) who ate less or much less than usual had experienced high or severe stress due to academic-related stressors of ‘strenuous task’ (P=0.007). Moreover, 81.5% of students who ate more than usual had experienced high or severe stress when they were nervous and stressed (P=0.004). When feeling “difficulties pile up” and during times when students “lacked confidence” due to teaching-related stressors, 71.7% and 66.3% of the participants experienced mild/moderate stress, respectively and ate less or much less than usual (P<0.05). We were able to determine the effect of academic-related stressors (ARS) and teaching and learning-related stressors (TLRS) on eating habits. This has led us to discover the importance of well-developed and improved intervention programs by universities to reduce stress and promote healthy eating habits among medical students.
{"title":"Effect of Academic-related and Teaching and Learning-Related Stressors on\u0000Eating Habits among Medical Students: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Kinzaa Batool Khanum, Purnima Singh, Mahveen Nishat, Bibi Rabia, Anusha Sreejith","doi":"10.2174/0102506882278336231205161449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882278336231205161449","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Stress occurs when people are faced with challenges and feel overwhelmed. Too much stress can cause negative effects on the body. Medical\u0000students especially feel a lot of stress due to their curriculum, which affects their eating habits and, in turn, their academic performance.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aimed to assess the effects of academic-related and teaching and learning-related stressors on the pattern of eating habits.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A cross-sectional study was carried out among students of private medical universities in UAE. MBBS and BDS students of and above the age of\u0000eighteen were included. A standardized questionnaire (Medical Student Stressor Questionnaire) was used to collect data. SPSS version 28 was used\u0000to analyze the data.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We identified two main types of stressors: Academic Related Stressors (ARS) and Teaching and Learning Related Stressors (TLRS), resulting in\u0000high levels of stress causing them to eat more than usual or less than usual. Most students (82.6%) who ate less or much less than usual had\u0000experienced high or severe stress due to academic-related stressors of ‘strenuous task’ (P=0.007). Moreover, 81.5% of students who ate more than\u0000usual had experienced high or severe stress when they were nervous and stressed (P=0.004). When feeling “difficulties pile up” and during times\u0000when students “lacked confidence” due to teaching-related stressors, 71.7% and 66.3% of the participants experienced mild/moderate stress,\u0000respectively and ate less or much less than usual (P<0.05).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We were able to determine the effect of academic-related stressors (ARS) and teaching and learning-related stressors (TLRS) on eating habits. This\u0000has led us to discover the importance of well-developed and improved intervention programs by universities to reduce stress and promote healthy\u0000eating habits among medical students.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140482501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-26DOI: 10.2174/0102506882291440240101075435
Shakti Rath
Annual seasonal influenza has been commonly experienced in most parts of the world since it was first introduced in 1968. The Influenza virus has been evolving genetically with time, which makes an escape into the host cell easier. The H1N1 Influenza pandemic started in 1918; by 1957, H1N1 was replaced by H2N2; following this, H3N2 emerged in 1968, replacing H2N2; in 2009, the H1N1 influenza re-emerged and lasted up to 2019. The increasing cases of the Influenza virus have consistently indicated a sudden re-emergence of a pandemic. To provide a perspective overview of the re-emergence of the Influenza pandemic. With published literature from the past. All studies have been extracted from widely referred databases, such as PubMed and Embase. This data has been extracted in a text file by running several strategic individual searches using specific MeSH terms. In the contemporary world, influenza is still a constant threat. Because of the virus's fast mutation rate due to antigenic drift and shift, increased international travel, and urbanization, it is crucial to have effective surveillance, early diagnosis, and quick reaction mechanisms. Public health initiatives, antiviral medications, and vaccination efforts are essential for reducing the effects of seasonal epidemics and possible pandemics. The resurgence of the influenza virus underscores the need for prioritizing readiness and teamwork. With the help of scientific and technological developments and lessons learned from history, we can lessen the effects of future outbreaks. This finding opens up new avenues for investigation and provides insight into the possibility of pandemic recurrence in the future.
{"title":"H3N2: A Perspective on Re-emergence of Influenza Pandemic","authors":"Shakti Rath","doi":"10.2174/0102506882291440240101075435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882291440240101075435","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Annual seasonal influenza has been commonly experienced in most parts of the world since it was first introduced in 1968. The Influenza virus has\u0000been evolving genetically with time, which makes an escape into the host cell easier. The H1N1 Influenza pandemic started in 1918; by 1957,\u0000H1N1 was replaced by H2N2; following this, H3N2 emerged in 1968, replacing H2N2; in 2009, the H1N1 influenza re-emerged and lasted up to\u00002019. The increasing cases of the Influenza virus have consistently indicated a sudden re-emergence of a pandemic. To provide a perspective\u0000overview of the re-emergence of the Influenza pandemic. With published literature from the past. All studies have been extracted from widely\u0000referred databases, such as PubMed and Embase. This data has been extracted in a text file by running several strategic individual searches using\u0000specific MeSH terms. In the contemporary world, influenza is still a constant threat. Because of the virus's fast mutation rate due to antigenic drift\u0000and shift, increased international travel, and urbanization, it is crucial to have effective surveillance, early diagnosis, and quick reaction\u0000mechanisms. Public health initiatives, antiviral medications, and vaccination efforts are essential for reducing the effects of seasonal epidemics and\u0000possible pandemics. The resurgence of the influenza virus underscores the need for prioritizing readiness and teamwork. With the help of scientific\u0000and technological developments and lessons learned from history, we can lessen the effects of future outbreaks. This finding opens up new avenues\u0000for investigation and provides insight into the possibility of pandemic recurrence in the future.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140493118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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